Anti-boycott

{{redirects|Buycott|the smartphone application|Buycott.com}}{{Short description|Reactionary support for an entity or purchase of goods to counter a boycott}}

An anti-boycott, counter-boycott, or buycott is the excess buying of a particular brand or product in an attempt to counter a boycott of the same brand or product. Anti-boycott measures could also be in the form of laws and regulations adopted by a state to prohibit the act of boycott among its citizens.

Consumer activism

Anti-boycotts in the United States have been employed by organizations that criticize consumer activism, especially during periods when such movement—for a portion of the American public—was considered un-American.{{Cite book|title=Buying Power: A History of Consumer Activism in America|last=Glickman|first=Lawrence|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=2009|isbn=9780226298658|location=Chicago|pages=[https://archive.org/details/buyingpowerhisto0000glic/page/17 17]|url=https://archive.org/details/buyingpowerhisto0000glic/page/17}} Once boycott was adopted by the labor movement as one of its tactics, opponents of that movement began organizing anti-boycott leagues in response. The usual reason for an anti-boycott is to discourage a company or entity from backing down on the decision that initially caused the boycott.

Some examples of anti-boycotts include:

The 2006 "Buy Danish" campaign, set up to counter the boycott of Danish goods by the Middle East
The anti-boycotts by supporters of Israel[http://www.fairplaycg.org.uk/ Fairplay UK] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015125210/http://www.fairplaycg.org.uk/|date=October 15, 2016}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20180518130014/http://www.buycottisrael.ca/ Buycott Israel Canada] to the oppose the BDS movement in 2009.Nov. 28, 2009, Calgary Herald, "Ignore boycott, it’s time to BUYcott Israel," https://calgaryherald.com/news/Ignore+boycott+time+buycott+Israel/2278704/story.html{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Amidst Boycott Calls, British And Canadian Jews Initiate Buycott Campaigns By Samuel Sokol Published on Thursday, November 19, 2009 http://www.5tjt.com/news/read.asp?Id=5248{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Whole Foods Market was boycotted in 2009 when the CEO opposed U.S. President Barack Obama's health care reform policies. Opponents of health care reform staged nationwide "buycotts" in response.Watson, Bruce "[http://www.dailyfinance.com/2009/09/02/whole-foods-buycott-turns-grocery-store-into-cultural-battlegr/ Whole Foods 'buycott' turns grocery store into cultural battleground] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060714/http://www.dailyfinance.com/2009/09/02/whole-foods-buycott-turns-grocery-store-into-cultural-battlegr/|date=March 4, 2016}}" Daily Finance (2 November 2009). Last accessed, 10 December 2012)
Chick-fil-A Appreciation Day counter-boycott of Chick-fil-A over controversy regarding LGBT people in 2012.
Goya Foods was "buycotted" in 2020 after co-owner and CEO Robert Unanue publicly lauded U.S. President Donald Trump.
Counter-protests of the Economic Blackout.

Legal enforcement

Some anti-boycott measures are enforced by law. For example, anti-boycott provisions in the Export Administration Act of 1979 and Ribicoff Amendment to the Tax Reform Act of 1976 in the United States forbid US companies and their subsidiaries from complying with or supporting a foreign country's boycott of another country unless the US also approves of the boycott. Violations can cause the authorities to take firm measures.{{Cite web|url=https://www.law360.com/articles/533003/us-anti-boycott-laws-top-5-things-exporters-should-know|title=US Anti-Boycott Laws: Top 5 Things Exporters Should Know - Law360|website=www.law360.com|language=en|access-date=2017-05-11}} The Arab League's boycott of Israel has been the primary focus of these laws, though it applies to any "unsanctioned" foreign boycott. Beginning in 1989, the United States and several European organizations became active in internationalizing this anti-boycott effort, which led to the intensification of pressure on the European Community as well as Asian states to participate or act against the application of secondary boycotts in their countries.{{Cite book|title=From Boycott to Economic Cooperation: The Political Economy of the Arab Boycott of Israel|last=Feiler|first=Gil|publisher=Routledge|year=2011|isbn=0714648663|location=New York|pages=140}}

Specific "unsanctioned" actions that are prohibited under the U.S. anti-boycott regulations include the refusal to do business with or in a boycotted country; discrimination against U.S. persons in employment on the basis of race, religion, sex, or national origin; provision of information about business relationships with a boycotted country due to its relationship with a boycotted country; and, the use of letters of credit that contain boycott-related terms, among others.{{Cite book|title=International Lawyer's Deskbook|last=Low|first=Lucinda|last2=Drory|first2=Daniel|last3=Norton|first3=Patrick|publisher=American Bar Association|year=2003|isbn=1590311442|location=Chicago|pages=245}} U.S. persons, a term that covers all individuals, corporations, and unincorporated associations resident in the United States, including the permanent domestic affiliates of foreign concerns, who receive requests to participate in an unsanctioned boycott are required to report the incident to the Office of Antiboycott Compliance (OAC).{{Cite web|url=https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/enforcement/oac|title=Office of Antiboycott Compliance|last=Gross|first=Robin|website=www.bis.doc.gov|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-08-06}}

In 2018, the United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission began investigating the utility of applying anti-boycott laws to Taiwan to protect US interests in Cross-Strait relations.{{Cite web|url=https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/annual_reports/Executive%20Summary%202018%20Annual%20Report%20to%20Congress.pdf|title=2018 Report to Congress|last=|first=|date=November 2018|website=|publisher=U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission|access-date=December 18, 2018}}

Anti-boycott

Consumer activism

Legal enforcement

References

Further reading