Arin people
{{More footnotes needed|date=December 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Arins
| native_name = {{langx|xrn|ar, ara}}
| native_name_lang = xrn
| image =
| population = merged with Khakas (Kachin subgroup) and Russians
| regions = middle Yenisey
| region1 = {{flag|Russia}}
| pop1 =
| ref1 =
| region2 = Sibérie
| languages = Khakas language ({{ill|Kachin dialect|ru|Качинский диалект}}), Russian language, formerly Arin
| related_groups = other Yeniseian people
}}
File:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary b58 809-0.jpg
The Arins were a Yeniseian people, part of the peoples sometimes called Ostyaks. By mixing and Russification, they were assimilated by the 19th century. Today, they are a seok of the Khakas.
Origins
The Arins appear to have an ancient south Siberian origin, as evidenced by their development of blacksmithing, like other southern tribes of the Iron Age.{{Cite book |last=Миллер |first=Г. Ф. |title=История Сибири. |language=ru |trans-title=History of Siberia}} According to Gerhard Friedrich Müller, the name 'Arin' originates from Turkic {{Lang|trk-Cyrl|ара|italic=no}} 'wasp'.{{Cite web |date= |title=Аринская подгородняя земля |url=http://k-rsk.info/readarticle.php?article_id=40 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108180258/http://k-rsk.info/readarticle.php?article_id=40 |archive-date=8 January 2020 |access-date=2 December 2024 |website=www.K-rsk.info}} In Khakas folklore, the Arins were strong and powerful, originating from {{Ill|Gora Karaul'naya|ru|Караульная гора (Красноярск)}} (Yenisei Kyrgyz, {{Langx|kjh|Kum-Tigey}}), today a part of Krasnoyarsk. They attacked and killed many people in the manner of a swarm of wasps, hence the name. A legend tells of their massacre of snakes near Mount Kum-Tigey, after which Chylan Khan ({{Langx|kjh-Cyrl|Чылан-хан}}), the Snake King, nearly exterminated the Arins. A story telling the demise of the Scythians after a fight with snakes in the history of Herodotus bears similarities with the one about the Arins.
History
The Arins, along with the closely related Yastins, lived nomadically around modern Krasnoyarsk, also inhabiting Sukhobuzimsky District, Yemelyanovsky District and further west to the {{Ill|Kemchug|ru|Кемчуг}} river. They revered Kum-Tigey, as it was their ancestral mountain. Already in the 17th-18th century, the Arins were mentioned as a disappearing ethnic group. After the foundation of {{Ill|Krasnoyarsk Fortress|ru|Красноярский острог}} in 1628, the Arins, then numbering 640, had their traditional territory reduced. They then, with the Kachins, formed a suburban yasak land, under the common name of "Krasnoyarsk Tatars". The Arins who inhabited this land were cattle breeders and farmers, and did not differ in appearance, way of life, economy and social organization. In the 18th century, some Arins moved south and made a separate seok within the Tatyshev administrative clan.
By 1740, the original Arin language was extinct and the population had switched to Turkic.{{Cite web |title=Аринский язык {{!}} Библиотека сибирского краеведения |url=https://bsk.nios.ru/enciklodediya/arinskiy-yazyk |access-date=17 January 2025 |website=bsk.nios.ru}}
In the 19th century, the last Arins had been Turkified or Russified; those in close contact with the Kachins may have been incorporated into the Khakas. The Arin are mentioned as the seok "aara" ({{Langx|kjh-Cyrl|аара}}) as a component of the Kachin subgroup.
The Arins have left toponymic traces in their former territory; examples include the {{Ill|Buzim (river)|lt=Buzim|ru|Бузим}} river (from Arin {{Lang|xrn|Бу-Зим}} 'muddy river'){{Cite web |date=26 December 2014 |title=Река Бузим — Интернет-энциклопедии Красноярского края |url=http://my.krskstate.ru/docs/relief/reka-buzim/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606234543/http://my.krskstate.ru/docs/relief/reka-buzim/ |archive-date=6 June 2023 |access-date=2 December 2024 |website=Энциклопедия Красноярского края}} and the village of {{Ill|Areyskoye|ru|Арейское}}.{{Cite web |last=Алексеевич |first=Татьяна |date= |title=Только наш дунькин пуп! |url=http://www.krasrab.com/archive/2011/01/14/14/view_article |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209143241/http://www.krasrab.com/archive/2011/01/14/14/view_article |archive-date=9 December 2019 |access-date=2 December 2024 |website=Красноярский рабочий}} Streets in north Krasnoyarsk take their name from the Arins, Arinskaya and Abytayevskaya. The island of {{Ill|Tatyshev Island|lt=Tatyshev|ru|Татышев}} is named after the Arin "princeling" known as Tatysh in Turkic. Tatysh's son Bugach has a {{Ill|Bugach|lt=river|ru|Бугач}}, a city microdistrict, the suburban village Bugachevo, and a {{Ill|Bugach station|lt=railway station|ru|Бугач (станция)}} named after him.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
- Edward J. Vajda, Yeniseian Peoples and Languages: A History of Yeniseian Studies with an Annotated Bibliography and a Source Guide, Routledge, 2013, 391 p. {{ISBN|9781136837401}}
{{Ethnic groups of Russia}}