Avianca Brasil
{{Short description|Former Brazilian airline}}
{{Distinguish|Avianca Colombia|Avianca El Salvador}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox airline
| airline = OceanAir Linhas Aéreas S.A.
| logo = Avianca Logo 2013.png
| logo_size = 200
| IATA = O6
| ICAO = ONE
| callsign = OCEANAIR
| founded = {{start date and age|1998|6|30|df=y}} (as OceanAir)
| commenced =
| ceased = {{end date and age|2019|5|24|df=y}} (suspended)
{{end date and age|2020|7|14|df=y}} (bankrupt)
| aoc =
| hubs = {{nowrap|Rio de Janeiro–Santos Dumont}}
| secondary_hubs = São Paulo–Congonhas
| focus_cities =
| frequent_flyer = Programa Amigo
| alliance = Star Alliance (2015-2019; affiliate){{cite web|title=Avianca Brasil|url=http://www.staralliance.com/en/member-airline-details?airlineCode=O6|website=Star Alliance|access-date=25 February 2016}}
| subsidiaries =
| revenue = US$720 million (2019)
| net_income =
| fleet_size = 6
| destinations = 4
| parent = Synergy Group
| headquarters = São Paulo, Brazil
| key_people = Frederico Pedreira (President)
José Efromovich (CEO)
| num_employees = 1,687 (2019){{cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/05/29/avianca-deve-demitir-cerca-de-1-mil-funcionarios-em-junho.ghtml|title=Avianca Brasil deve demitir cerca de 1 mil funcionários em junho|date=1 June 2019|publisher=G1|language=pt}}
| website = {{URL|avianca.com.br}}
}}
Avianca Brasil S.A. ({{langx|pt|Avianca Brasil}}), officially Oceanair Linhas Aéreas S/A, was a Brazilian airline based in Congonhas Airport in São Paulo, Brazil.{{cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/05/24/anac-anuncia-suspensao-das-operacoes-da-avianca-brasil.ghtml|title=Anac anuncia suspensão das operações da Avianca Brasil|date=24 May 2019|work=G1|language=pt}}{{cite news|title=Directory:World Airlines|work=Flight International|page=58|date=10 April 2007}} According to the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil (ANAC), which cancelled its operation, prior to cessation of operations, from January to December 2018 Avianca Brasil had 13.4% of the domestic and 7.3% of the international market share in terms of passengers per kilometer flown,{{cite web|url=http://www.anac.gov.br/assuntos/dados-e-estatisticas/demanda-e-oferta-do-transporte-aereo|title=Demanda e oferta do transporte aéreo|date=23 January 2019|access-date=29 January 2019|publisher=Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil (ANAC)|language=pt|archive-date=19 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219011315/http://www.anac.gov.br/assuntos/dados-e-estatisticas/demanda-e-oferta-do-transporte-aereo|url-status=dead}} making it the fourth-largest airline both in domestic and international traffic in Brazil. The company slots (landings and take-off permits) were redistributed by Anac. An auction on 10 July 2019 raised R$555.3 million, not enough to pay a debt of R$2.7 billion, although Avianca's bankruptcy was not officially decreed.{{cite web|url=https://diariodonordeste.verdesmares.com.br/editorias/negocios/online/justica-da-aval-para-anac-redistribuir-slots-da-avianca-e-inviabiliza-leilao-1.2119425|title=Justiça dá aval para Anac redistribuir slots da Avianca|date=6 July 2019|publisher=DN|language=pt}}
History
=OceanAir=
File:OceanAir F100 Curitiba.jpg taxiing at Afonso Pena International Airport in 2007]]
The airline was established on 30 June 1998 as an air taxi company to operate services for oil companies in the Campos Basin. Its name was then OceanAir and began to operate scheduled services in 2002, between São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Macaé and Campos. Soon afterwards, it became better known to the public with a scheduled flight (no longer operated) connecting São Paulo–Congonhas Airport in São Paulo and Santos Dumont Airport in Rio de Janeiro via São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport, enabling international passengers from both cities easy access to the country's largest international hub from those cities' more convenient central airports. At the time, OceanAir's fare between São Paulo's airports was cheaper than a taxi and on par with a luxury bus ride.
In 2004, Synergy Group, the owner of the airline, bought the Colombian airline Avianca, which was undergoing judicial reorganization. As a result, OceanAir became a feeder for Avianca's flights into Guarulhos. This partnership between the two airlines increased the flow of passengers between Colombia and Brazil. Synergy Group also bought VIP as part of a strategy to create a continent-wide airline under the Avianca brand. In November 2005, a joint venture formed by OceanAir (49%) and Fondo de Inversiones Sustentables (51%) created a new Peruvian airline called Wayraperú, but the airline suspended operations a few months later until it was re-established later in 2018.
OceanAir started operating international flights in 2007 with three Boeing 767-300ERs and a Boeing 757-200, but by April 2008, the flights were discontinued because of increase in operating costs. Since then, the airline has concentrated its efforts on the Brazilian domestic market only. 5 Airbus A330s and 30 Airbus A320s were ordered in 2010, a contract worth US$ 2,5 billion. With this fleet growth, Efromovich intended to control 15% of the Brazilian air market in the next decade, including routes to Mexico, Colombia, Africa and the United States.Exame Magazine, 18 December 2006
=Avianca Brasil=
File:A318 Avianca Brasil (31270750430).jpg at Salgado Filho Porto Alegre International Airport in 2012]]
File:A320 AVIANCA PR-ONZ (17088774068).jpg at Salgado Filho International Airport in 2015]]
On 9 October 2009, Synergy announced that TACA Airlines and Avianca would merge. This merger increased OceanAir's feeder operations, already implemented with Avianca in São Paulo, to include TACA in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport, Santos Dumont Airport, Salgado Filho International Airport in Porto Alegre and Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport in Brasília.
On 26 March 2010, Germán Efromovich announced the rebranding of OceanAir as Avianca Brasil. However, OceanAir Linhas Aéreas remained as the legal name of the airline.{{Cite news|first=Eduardo|last=Laguna|title=OceanAir passa a se chamar Avianca|url=http://www.valoronline.com.br/?online/transportes/63/6228162/oceanair-passa-a-se-chamar-avianca&scrollX=0&scrollY=0&tamFonte=|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120918043503/http://www.valoronline.com.br/?online/transportes/63/6228162/oceanair-passa-a-se-chamar-avianca&scrollX=0&scrollY=0&tamFonte=|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 September 2012|publisher=Valor Online|location=São Paulo|date=26 April 2010|access-date=27 April 2010|language=pt}} This allowed the Synergy group to further align the operations of OceanAir and Avianca.{{Cite news|last=Jardim|first=Lauro|title=Panorama: Radar: Aviação|newspaper=Veja|pages=53|date=17 March 2010|language=pt}} The first aircraft with the new name started operations on 27 April 2010.{{Cite news|publisher=Avianca|title=OceanAir agora é Avianca|url=http://www.avianca.com.br/empresa/site/quemsomos.asp|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100429091734/http://www.avianca.com.br/empresa/site/quemsomos.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 April 2010|date=27 April 2010|access-date=27 April 2010|language=pt}} The only notable differences between the aircraft of Avianca Colombia and those of Avianca Brasil are the latter's Brazilian registrations and a small Brazilian flag under their cockpit windows.
On 10 November 2010, Star Alliance decided to accept AviancaTaca Holding to join the network as a member airline. However, Avianca Brasil was rejected at the time due to its outdated IT platforms and an objection by TAM Linhas Aéreas, which since left Star Alliance to join Oneworld after merging with LAN Airlines.{{cite web|title=Will an Azul-TAP partnership skew the alliance dynamics in Brazil as Avianca Brazil joins Star?|url=http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/will-an-azul-tap-partnership-skew-the-alliance-dynamics-in-brazil-as-avianca-brazil-joins-star-231949|website=CAPA Centre for Aviation|access-date=26 February 2016}} Upon TAM's exit, Avianca Brasil officially joined Star Alliance on 22 July 2015 as an affiliate.{{cite web|last1=Leiro|first1=Roberto|title=Avianca Brasil Joins Star Alliance|url=http://airwaysnews.com/blog/2015/07/22/avianca-brasil-joins-star-alliance/|website=Airways News|access-date=26 February 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914073350/http://airwaysnews.com/blog/2015/07/22/avianca-brasil-joins-star-alliance/|archive-date=14 September 2015}}
On 11 October 2016, the airline took delivery of the first of 8 Airbus A320neos being leased from GECAS.{{cite journal|title=Avianca Brazil|journal=Airliner World|issue=December 2016|page=17|date=25 November 2016}} Independent from Avianca, the airline increased its market share from 3% in 2009 to 14% in 2018, becoming Brazil's fourth-largest carrier.
==Bankruptcy==
On 10 December 2018, Avianca Brasil filed for bankruptcy protection, R$ 100 million (US$26 million) was owed to airports and bank debt grew by 50% in 2018, while United Airlines extended a loan of US$456 million to Avianca owner Synergy Group.{{cite news|url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2018-12-12/avianca-brasil-files-bankruptcy|title= Avianca Brasil Files for Bankruptcy|author= Richard Pedicini|date=12 December 2018|work= AIN online}} Total debts amount to 493 million reais (US$127 million), whereas the first half of 2018 generated 175.6 million reais of losses.{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/12/12/brazilian-airline-avianca-brasil-declares-bankruptcy.html|title=Brazilian airline Avianca Brasil declares bankruptcy|date= 12 December 2018|work=The Jakarta Post}} On 18 April 2019 Azul cancelled its offer to buy Avianca Brasil, but resubmitted the offer on 13 May.{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/azul-proposes-fresh-bid-for-avianca-brazil-assets-458139/|title=Azul proposes fresh bid for Avianca Brazil assets {{!}} News {{!}} Flight Global}}{{cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/04/18/azul-desiste-de-oferta-pela-avianca-brasil-e-acusa-rivais-de-protecionismo.ghtml|title=Azul desiste de oferta pela Avianca Brasil e acusa rivais de protecionismo|date=18 April 2019|work=G1|language=pt}} On 24 May 2019, ANAC suspended flights of Avianca Brasil, due to security reasons. On 24 June 2019, its suspension was officially written in the official Diary by Anac.{{cite web|url=https://www.panrotas.com.br/aviacao/empresas/2019/06/concessao-da-avianca-brasil-e-oficialmente-suspensa-pela-anac_165456.html|title=Concessão da Avianca Brasil é oficialmente suspensa pela Anac|date=24 June 2019 |access-date=24 June 2019|publisher=Panrotas}} On 10 July 2019, the auction generated US$147,32 million or R$555,3 million from Gol Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes and LATAM Brasil, if valid, however the debts are R$2.7 billion.{{cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/07/10/gol-e-latam-arrematam-direitos-de-voo-da-avianca-em-leilao-2-lotes-ficam-encalhados.ghtml|title=Gol e Latam arrematam direitos de vôo da Avianca em leilão|date=10 July 2019|work=G1|language=pt}}
On 20 August 2019, Star Alliance announced Avianca Brasil's exit from the alliance from 1 September 2019. The departure, however, didn't affect Avianca's membership.{{Cite web|url=https://www.staralliance.com/en/news-article?newsArticleId=443302063&groupId=20184|title=Avianca Brasil to Exit Star Alliance|publisher=Star Alliance|date=19 August 2019|access-date=25 August 2019}}
On 14 July 2020, Avianca Brasil filed for bankruptcy in court.{{cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/negocios/noticia/2020/07/14/justica-decreta-falencia-da-avianca-brasil.ghtml|title=Avianca Brasil tem falência decretada pela Justiça|website=G1.globo.com|date=14 July 2020 |language=pt|access-date=July 14, 2020}}
Corporate affairs
Even though the legal name of the airline remained as OceanAir, it was re-branded as Avianca since it was owned by Synergy Group, which owns Avianca Holdings.{{Cite web |title=Avianca Costa Rica {{!}} Book Flights and Save |url=https://www.alternativeairlines.com/avianca-costa-rica |access-date=2023-01-22 |website=www.alternativeairlines.com |language=en-GB}} The original Avianca of Colombia and Avianca Brasil remained separate legal entities, but in February 2017, it was reported that Avianca Holdings planned to obtain the necessary regulatory approvals to fold Avianca Brasil into Avianca Holdings.{{cite web|title=Avianca Holdings: United Air partnership and Synergy infusion raise more questions than answers|url=https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/avianca-holdings-united-air-partnership-and-synergy-infusion-raise-more-questions-than-answers-326588|website=CAPA|date=15 February 2017|access-date=16 February 2016}} Its current CEO, Frederico Pedreira, took office in April 2016. José Efromovich, younger brother of Germán Efromovich, President of Avianca Holdings, who had led the company since 2008, took office as chairman of the Board of Directors on the same date.{{Cite news |date=2020-08-19 |title=UPDATE 3-Avianca's majority shareholders arrested in Brazil on accusations of corruption |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/brazil-corruption-idUSL1N2FL0N3 |access-date=2023-01-22}}
Destinations
Avianca Brasil operated the following flights at the time of its suspension of operations in May 2019.{{Cite web|url=http://www.avianca.com.br/empresa/site/mapaderotas.asp|title=Avianca: Mapa de rotas|publisher=Avianca Brasil|language=Portuguese|access-date=31 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408143646/http://www.avianca.com.br/empresa/site/mapaderotas.asp|archive-date=8 April 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}{{Cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/04/20/com-devolucao-de-18-avioes-a-partir-de-segunda-avianca-reduzira-em-66percent-o-numero-de-voos-em-relacao-a-2018.ghtml|title=Avianca Update|date=20 April 2019|publisher=Avianca Brasil|language=pt|access-date=20 April 2019}}
The list includes destinations operated under the former name OceanAir.
Fleet
As of May 2019, the Avianca Brasil fleet included the following aircraft.{{Cn|date=January 2025}}
| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; text-align:center"
|+ Avianca Brasil fleet |
| rowspan=2|Aircraft
!rowspan=2|Out of !rowspan=2|Orders !colspan=3|Passengers !rowspan=2|Notes |
|---|
| C
! Y !Total |
| Airbus A318-100
|3 |— |— |120 |120 |All Scrapped (PR-ONC, PR-ONI and PR-AVJ){{Cn|date=January 2025}} |
| Airbus A319-100
|2 |— |— |132 |132 |1 stored at Congonhas Airport (PR-AVD) |
| Airbus A320-200
|1 |— |— |162 |162 |Taken by LATAM Brasil (PR-OCW) |
| Total
!6 !— !colspan=4| |
=Retired fleet=
Avianca Brasil had formerly operated the following aircraft:{{cite web|url=http://aerobernie.bplaced.net/Ocean%20Air.html|title=OceanAir fleet|website=aerobernie.bplaced.net|access-date=February 20, 2021}}
| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; text-align:center"
|+ Retired Avianca Brasil fleet |
| Aircraft
!Total !Introduced !Retired !Notes |
|---|
| Airbus A320neo
|12 |2016 |2019 |Returned to owners due to default. |
| Airbus A330-200
|6 |2014 |2019 | |
| Airbus A330-200F
|1 |2014 |2019 |Transferred to Avianca Cargo |
| Beechcraft C90
|1 |{{unknown}} |{{unknown}} | |
| Boeing 737-300
|3 |2007 |2009 |Purchased from BRA Transportes Aéreos |
| Boeing 757-200
|1 |2007 |2008 |Transferred to Avianca |
| Boeing 767-300ER
|3 |2007 |2008 | |
| Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia
|7 |2002 |2008 | |
| Fokker 50
|5 |2003 |2008 | |
| Fokker 100
|16 |2005 |2017 |Purchased from American Airlines |
| Learjet 35A
|1 |1998 |2004 | |
| Learjet 45
|1 |2004 |2019 | |
| Learjet 55C
|1 |1999 |2010 | |
Frequent-flyer program
Avianca Brasil had a frequent-flyer program called Programa Amigo.
Accidents and incidents
- On August 12, 2010, a Learjet 55C (registered PT-LXO) was damaged in a runway excursion accident at Santos Dumont Airport. The aircraft ran off the end of runway 02R into the Guanabara Bay. The three occupants on board were not injured.{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20100812-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=12 August 2010}}
- On March 28, 2014, a Fokker 100 (registered PR-OAF) crashed while landing at Brasília International Airport after the nose landing gear could not be extended due to a hydraulic failure. No one was harmed in the incident.{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20140328-1|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=28 March 2014}} The aircraft was damaged beyond repairs and was written off, however it was later preserved as a Pan Am-themed restaurant at Brasília in August 2020.{{cite web|url=https://airlinegeeks.com/2020/08/22/written-off-fokker-100-to-become-a-pan-am-themed-restaurant/|title=Interview: Written-Off Fokker 100 to Become Pan Am-Themed Restaurant|website=Airlinegeeks.com|author=João Machado|access-date=August 22, 2020}}
- On March 3, 2019, an Airbus A320-200 (registered PR-OCW) suffered a minor runway excursion on landing in heavy rainfall on runway 15 of Rio de Janeiro/Galeão International Airport.{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20190303-2|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=March 4, 2019}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Avianca Brasil}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110904191813/http://www.aviacaobrasil.com.br/aviacaobrasil/empresas_detalhe.php?cbo_categoria=1&id_tb_empresas=150 Avianca Brasil, formerly OceanAir History Sketch at Aviação Brasil]
{{Portal bar|Brazil|Aviation|Companies|Transport}}
{{Airlines of Brazil}}
{{IATA members|latinam}}
{{Star Alliance}}
{{Brazil topics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Avianca}}
Category:Defunct airlines of Brazil
Category:Airlines established in 1998
Category:Airlines disestablished in 2019