Babolsar

File:Fenner, Rest. Persis, Parthia, Armenia. 1835 (K).jpg

Before Islam, Mazandaran Province was called Tapuristan (in Pahlavi: 55px), derived from the name of the Tapuri tribe (in Greek: Τάπυροι). After the advent of Islam, they became known as the Tabari people, and their land was named Tabaristan.{{Cite book | last1 = Emadi | first1 = Asadollah | title = Re-reading the History of Mazandaran | year = 1372 | publisher = Nashr Farhang Khaneh Mazandaran | page = 72}}{{Cite book | last = Marquart | first = Joseph | title = Iran-Shahr Based on the Geography of Moses of Chorene | translator = Maryam Mir Ahmadi | year = 1373 | publisher = Tehran Information Publications | page = 245}}{{Cite journal | last1 = Borjian | first1 = Habib | date = 2004 | title = Mazandaran: Language and People (The State of Research) | url = https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D85B1DDR/download | journal = Yerevan State University | pages = 289 | doi = 10.1163/1573384043076045 | language = en | issn = 1573-384X }} Historians believe that the Amardi were the first ancient inhabitants of Mazandaran, with the Amardi residing from Amol to Tonekabon and the Tapurians from Amol to Gorgan.{{Cite book | last1 = Emadi | first1 = Asadollah | title = Re-reading the History of Mazandaran | year = 1372 | publisher = Nashr Farhang Khaneh Mazandaran | page = 37}} During the Achaemenid Empire, the southern shores of the Caspian Sea were inhabited by the Tapurians, Amardi, Anariacae, and Cadusii.Book of Gilan, Volume 1, Iran Research Group Publications, Second Edition, Winter 1380 SH Historians have linked the Amardi to the Dahae, Scythians, and Persians.

Herodotus mentions the Mard tribe (mardes) alongside the Daens (daens), Dropiques (dropiques), and Sagartians (sagarties) as nomadic and desert-dwelling Persians.{{Cite book | last = Hedayati | first = Hadi | title = History of Herodotus, Volume 1 | year = 1384 | publisher = Tehran University Press | page = 211}} Pliny the Elder, a Greek historian, identified the location of the Amardi in the eastern part of Margania.{{Cite book | last1 = Marquart | first1 = Joseph | title = Iran-Shahr Based on the Geography of Moses of Chorene | year = 1373 | publisher = Information Publications | page = 256}} Strabo (63 BCE) described the Amardi alongside the Tapurians, Cadusii, and Cyrtii as mountain-dwelling tribes of northern Iran. Strabo wrote: "All regions of this country are fertile except the part towards the north, which is mountainous and rugged and cold, the abode of the mountaineers called Cadusii, Amardi, Tapyri, Cyrtii, and other such peoples, who are migrants and predatory."Strabo (11.13.3)

According to Vasily Bartold, the Tapurians lived in the southeastern part of the province and were under Achaemenid rule. The Amardi were defeated by Alexander the Great and later by the Parthians, who resettled them near Ray in the 2nd century BCE. The former lands of the Amardi were granted to the Tapurians. Ptolemy, in his description of Daylam (eastern Gilan), mentioned the Tapurians.{{Cite book | last = Bartold | first = Vasily | title = Historical Geography of Iran | year = 1308 | publisher = Tehran Union | page = 283}} According to Yahya Zoka, in "Karvand Kasravi," it is stated that the Amardi or Mardians, during Alexander the Great's campaign in Iran, resided in Mazandaran, and at that time, the Tapurians had not yet arrived.Ancient Iran: Medes and Amardi. Karvand Kasravi, a collection of articles and treatises by Ahmad Kasravi, edited by Yahya Zoka According to Mojtaba Minovi, the Amardi and Tapurians lived in Mazandaran Province, with the Tapurians residing in the mountainous areas and the Amardi in the plains. In 176 BCE, Phraates I of Parthia relocated the Amardi to the Khwar region, and the Tapurians took over the entire Mazandaran area, which was then named Tapuristan.{{Cite book | last1 = Minovi | first1 = Mojtaba | title = Maziyar | year = 1342 | publisher = Amir Kabir Publishing Institute | page = 9}}

The city acquired its current name in 1927. The city's historic name is Mašhad-e Sar or Mashhadsar, meaning "the special way to Mashhad, referring to the only road connecting the northwest of Iran to the northeast, including Mashhad, which passed through Babolsar. By the 18th century, Babolsar had become a busy commercial port. During the reign of Nadir Shah, it was the base for Iran's Caspian fleet. By 1909, the port yielded 12 percent of the total customs revenue of Iran. However, by 1895, ports in Gilan were already competing with Babolsar.

During Reza Shah's reign, Babolsar lost much of its remaining trade to the new port of Bandar-e Shah at the terminus of the trans-Iranian railroad. The cargo handled at Babolsar in the years of 1935 and 1936 was only 25,000 tons. A modern quarter and a hotel were built during this period. The end of World War II brought a new era of vitality to the city as a summer seaside resort for people from Iran, which gave rise to a new phase of rapid expansion. Babolsar's population increased from about 3,500 in 1946 to 11,781 in 1966 and 18,810 in 1976.

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 47,872 in 13,442 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920090640/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}} The following census in 2011 counted 50,477 people in 15,583 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119182058/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls|archive-date=19 January 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}} The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 59,966 people in 19,576 households.{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007110909/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=7 October 2021}}

Babolsar is located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.The distance between Babolsar and Tehran (Iran's capital) is about 228 km, and it takes about 3.5 to 4 hours to reach this city. Since the Babol river passes through the city, both the bank of the river and the beach of the sea form tourist attractions in the city. The city is home to the major faculties of the University of Mazandaran.

Babolsar has a subtropical Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa, Trewartha: Cs), with hot, steamy, but mostly dry summers and cool winters. Rainfall may occur at any time of the year but is heaviest in autumn and winter.

{{Weather box

|width = auto

|location = Babolsar (normals 1991-2020, extremes 1961-2023)

|metric first = Y

|single line = Y

| precipitation colour =green

| unit precipitation days = 1.0mm

| precip days colour =

|Jan record high C = 25.8

|Feb record high C = 29.6

|Mar record high C = 32.8

|Apr record high C = 38.5

|May record high C = 42.0

|Jun record high C = 37.4

|Jul record high C = 37.0

|Aug record high C = 39.0

|Sep record high C = 39.0

|Oct record high C = 34.0

|Nov record high C = 30.9

|Dec record high C = 25.6

| Jan high C =12.6

| Feb high C =12.3

| Mar high C =14.5

| Apr high C =18.5

| May high C =23.6

| Jun high C =27.9

| Jul high C =30.0

| Aug high C =30.5

| Sep high C =27.7

| Oct high C =23.4

| Nov high C =18.0

| Dec high C =14.2

| year high C =

| Jan mean C =8.5

| Feb mean C =8.6

| Mar mean C =11.0

| Apr mean C =15.0

| May mean C =20.5

| Jun mean C =25.0

| Jul mean C =27.0

| Aug mean C =27.3

| Sep mean C =24.3

| Oct mean C =19.5

| Nov mean C =13.8

| Dec mean C =10.0

| year mean C =

| Jan low C =5.4

| Feb low C =5.8

| Mar low C =8.5

| Apr low C =12.3

| May low C =17.6

| Jun low C =21.7

| Jul low C =23.4

| Aug low C =23.6

| Sep low C =20.9

| Oct low C =16.0

| Nov low C =10.6

| Dec low C =6.9

| year low C =

|Jan record low C = -7.0

|Feb record low C = -4.0

|Mar record low C = -2.0

|Apr record low C = 1.0

|May record low C = 6.0

|Jun record low C = 9.0

|Jul record low C = 15.0

|Aug record low C = 16.0

|Sep record low C = 9.0

|Oct record low C = 4.0

|Nov record low C = -2.8

|Dec record low C = -3.0

| Jan precipitation mm =104.2

| Feb precipitation mm =72.3

| Mar precipitation mm =58.4

| Apr precipitation mm =33.2

| May precipitation mm =16.0

| Jun precipitation mm =24.5

| Jul precipitation mm =31.4

| Aug precipitation mm =40.2

| Sep precipitation mm =104.1

| Oct precipitation mm =140.1

| Nov precipitation mm =165.1

| Dec precipitation mm =119.8

| year precipitation mm =

| Jan snow cm = 8.1

| Feb snow cm = 0.3

| Mar snow cm = 0.2

| Apr snow cm = 0.0

| May snow cm = 0.0

| Jun snow cm = 0.0

| Jul snow cm = 0.0

| Aug snow cm = 0.0

| Sep snow cm = 0.0

| Oct snow cm = 0.0

| Nov snow cm = 0.0

| Dec snow cm = 0.1

| Jan precipitation days =8.5

| Feb precipitation days =7.5

| Mar precipitation days =6.8

| Apr precipitation days =4.6

| May precipitation days =3

| Jun precipitation days =2.6

| Jul precipitation days =3.2

| Aug precipitation days =4.4

| Sep precipitation days =6.3

| Oct precipitation days =7.1

| Nov precipitation days =8.9

| Dec precipitation days =8.2

| year precipitation days =

| Jan rain days =10.3

| Feb rain days =10.1

| Mar rain days =10.7

| Apr rain days =7.6

| May rain days =4.5

| Jun rain days =3

| Jul rain days =4.1

| Aug rain days =4.8

| Sep rain days =6.1

| Oct rain days =7.9

| Nov rain days =9.8

| Dec rain days =10.1

| year rain days =

| Jan snow days =0.2

| Feb snow days =0.1

| Mar snow days =0

| Apr snow days =0

| May snow days =0

| Jun snow days =0

| Jul snow days =0

| Aug snow days =0

| Sep snow days =0

| Oct snow days =0

| Nov snow days =0

| Dec snow days =0.1

| Jan humidity =83

| Feb humidity =82

| Mar humidity =82

| Apr humidity =80

| May humidity =78

| Jun humidity =75

| Jul humidity =76

| Aug humidity =77

| Sep humidity =79

| Oct humidity =82

| Nov humidity =83

| Dec humidity =84

| year humidity =

| Jan dew point C =5.6

| Feb dew point C =5.6

| Mar dew point C =7.9

| Apr dew point C =11.4

| May dew point C =16.3

| Jun dew point C =20.0

| Jul dew point C =22.3

| Aug dew point C =22.8

| Sep dew point C =20.4

| Oct dew point C =16.1

| Nov dew point C =10.9

| Dec dew point C =7.3

| Jan sun =122

| Feb sun =110

| Mar sun =135

| Apr sun =164

| May sun =225

| Jun sun =258

| Jul sun =246

| Aug sun =239

| Sep sun =189

| Oct sun =168

| Nov sun =129

| Dec sun =110

| year sun =

|source = NOAA NCEI{{Cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Iran/CSV/Babolsar_40736.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Babolsar |access-date=2024-01-18 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA |format=CSV}}{{Efn|Rainy days shows parameter 71: Number of days with rain/drizzle|group=lr}}(1961-1990 extremes),{{Cite FTP |url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/IR/40736.TXT

|server = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|title = Babolsar Climate Normals 1961-1990

|access-date = December 28, 2012}} (Snow 1981-2010),{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-II/Iran/WMO_Normals_Excel_IRAN_060719.xls |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Bablosar(WMO number: 40736) |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA |format=XLS}} meteomanz{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=2060&ind=40736&m1=01&y1=2011&m2=07&y2=2024 |title=BABOLSAR - Weather data by months |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=meteomanz}}

}}

{{Weather box

|collapsed = yes

|width = auto

|location = Babolsar (1961-1990)

|metric first = Y

|single line = Y

| Jan high C =11.7

| Feb high C =11.5

| Mar high C =13.3

| Apr high C =18.2

| May high C =23.5

| Jun high C =27.8

| Jul high C =30.4

| Aug high C =30.1

| Sep high C =27.6

| Oct high C =22.9

| Nov high C =18.4

| Dec high C =14.2

| year high C =

|Jan mean C = 7.6

|Feb mean C = 7.9

|Mar mean C = 10.0

|Apr mean C = 14.6

|May mean C = 19.7

|Jun mean C = 23.9

|Jul mean C = 26.3

|Aug mean C = 26.0

|Sep mean C = 23.5

|Oct mean C = 18.6

|Nov mean C = 13.9

|Dec mean C = 9.9

| Jan low C =3.6

| Feb low C =4.3

| Mar low C =6.8

| Apr low C =11.0

| May low C =15.9

| Jun low C =20.1

| Jul low C =22.3

| Aug low C =22.0

| Sep low C =19.4

| Oct low C =14.3

| Nov low C =9.5

| Dec low C =5.6

| year low C =

| Jan dew point C =4.7

| Feb dew point C =5.0

| Mar dew point C =7.1

| Apr dew point C =11.2

| May dew point C =15.6

| Jun dew point C =19.3

| Jul dew point C =21.7

| Aug dew point C =22.0

| Sep dew point C =19.7

| Oct dew point C =15.3

| Nov dew point C =10.9

| Dec dew point C =7.0

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 96.1

|Feb precipitation mm = 67.2

|Mar precipitation mm = 67.2

|Apr precipitation mm = 31.9

|May precipitation mm = 19.3

|Jun precipitation mm = 20.8

|Jul precipitation mm = 25.1

|Aug precipitation mm = 61.3

|Sep precipitation mm = 82.2

|Oct precipitation mm = 163.2

|Nov precipitation mm = 119.3

|Dec precipitation mm = 131.0

|Jan sun = 124.7

|Feb sun = 119.4

|Mar sun = 126.5

|Apr sun = 162.0

|May sun = 214.2

|Jun sun = 242.4

|Jul sun = 237.9

|Aug sun = 205.0

|Sep sun = 181.5

|Oct sun = 161.4

|Nov sun = 136.9

|Dec sun = 122.4

|Jan rain days = 10.7

|Feb rain days = 9.6

|Mar rain days = 11.5

|Apr rain days = 8.2

|May rain days = 6.3

|Jun rain days = 4.7

|Jul rain days = 4.9

|Aug rain days = 7.9

|Sep rain days = 7.8

|Oct rain days = 9.0

|Nov rain days = 9.1

|Dec rain days = 10.6

|Jan snow days = 1

|Feb snow days = 1

|Mar snow days = 0.4

|Apr snow days = 0

|May snow days = 0

|Jun snow days = 0

|Jul snow days = 0

|Aug snow days = 0

|Sep snow days = 0

|Oct snow days = 0.1

|Nov snow days = 0

|Dec snow days = 0.3

|Jan humidity = 86

|Feb humidity = 85

|Mar humidity = 85

|Apr humidity = 83

|May humidity = 80

|Jun humidity = 77

|Jul humidity = 78

|Aug humidity = 80

|Sep humidity = 82

|Oct humidity = 84

|Nov humidity = 86

|Dec humidity = 87

|source 1 = NOAA {{Cite FTP |url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/IR/40736.TXT

|server = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|title = Babolsar Climate Normals 1961-1990

|access-date = December 28, 2012}}

}}

{{notelist |lr}}

The city is popular because of its many hotels and villas as well as the Darya Kenar Town, located 5 kilometers outside Babolsar, were many Iranians vacation.

File:Park in Babolsar, Iran (2006).jpg

File:Khezershahr 1.JPG

• Babolsar Suspended Car Bridge (Illuminated metal bridge)
• Babolsar Seaside
• Babol Roud
• University of Mazandaran Building
• Khazar Shahr
• Narjes School
• Imamzadeh Ibrahim
• Azizak Lagoon
• Miroud
• Babolsar Boating Pier
• Babolsar Cable Bridge
• Zoo Garden Shapoor Dashad
• Kar Fun
• Clock tower
• Sea Buses Stop
• Bowling and Billiard Games
• Mizban Hotel (5 & 4 Stars) and (Coastal)

Babolsar coastal boulevard

Along this 4-kilometer boulevard, a place for public sports, jogging or running has given this green boulevard in the west of Babul Rud a special vitality and there are 10 beach parking lots, a beach hotel at the end of the boulevard and a delicious street in the 4th parking lot and many attractions.

Sea buses

One of the most important tourist attractions of Babolsar is the presence of sea bus stops next to Babolrud. These sea buses take tourists from Babolrud to the sea side and explore the sea for less than an hour.

Pedestrian cable-stayed bridge

This bridge is 92 meters long, 5 meters wide, has two pylons with a height of 18 meters. One of the most unique tourist attractions that takes place from mid-autumn to late winter in Babulrud is the presence of a multitude of seagulls that create beautiful landscapes with their gathering and movement. Generous people on the cable bridge also crystalize the visual beauty by giving bread crumbs and food that is accompanied by the rotation of seagulls.

Important shopping centers in Babolsar

Two traditional markets (bazar) in the city center on Shahid Rajaee street- Palm line shopping center facing Khazarshahr - Persia shopping center - Tetis (Saleh) shopping center - Negin shopping center - Semi-finished Europe shopping center - Bozorgmehr shopping Center- Iran Katan store - Family clothing store- Babol carpet store and there are many stores in the west of Babolsar city on Pasdaran Street and from Moalem Square to near Fereydunkenar city and other cases.

Significant number of towers

The presence of a significant number of towers in the city of Babolsar has given this city a modern face, Although environmental standards must be observed.

File:Mazandaran UNI.jpg

University of Mazandaran (UMZ), currently the largest state higher education center in the province of Mazandaran, had formerly consisted of a number of tertiary education centers. In 1979 the centers were officially merged to form what is now known as University of Mazandaran. In recent years, UMZ has made significant progress, expanding itself with vision both qualitatively and quantitatively. It presently includes 12 faculties on its campus: Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Oceanic Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, and Faculty of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism.

UMZ has now about 12,000 students who are currently studying at undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate levels and over 400 faculty members teaching and researching at different faculties of the university.

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• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070310231306/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v3f3/v3f3a064.html Bābolsar]}} entry in the Encyclopædia Iranica

{{Authority control}}

{{Mazandaran Province|state=collapsed}}

{{Babolsar County|state=collapsed}}

Category:Populated places in Babolsar County

Category:Cities in Mazandaran province

Category:Populated coastal places in Iran

Category:Populated places on the Caspian Sea

Category:Port cities and towns in Iran

Category:Port cities and towns of the Caspian Sea