Beheira Governorate

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Beheira Governorate

| settlement_type = Governorate

| image_skyline = DSC 5684-01.jpg

| image_flag = File:Flag of Behira Govenorate.svg

| flag_size = 120px

| image_blank_emblem = Coat of Arms of Behira Govenorate.png

| blank_emblem_size = 75px

| image_map = Behiera.svg

| image_map1 = Beheira in Egypt.svg

| map_caption = Beheira Governorate subdivisions

| map_caption1 = Beheira Governorate on the map of Egypt

| coordinates = {{coord|30.61|N|30.43|E|region:EG-BH|display=inline,title}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{EGY}}

| seat = Damanhur (capital)

| leader_party =

| leader_title = Governor

| leader_name = Jacqueline Azer{{cite web|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/133262/et-guide-19-women-appointed-in-Egypt-s-cabinet-governors |title=Et guide: 19 women appointed in Egypt's cabinet, governors reshuffle |date=3 July 2024 }}

| government_footnotes =

| area_footnotes =

| area_total_km2 = 9,826

| area_land_km2 =

| area_water_km2 =

| population_footnotes = {{cite web |url=https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Admin/Pages%20Files/202331512347%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89%20%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B2%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D9%81%D9%89%201%D9%80%201%D9%80%202023.pdf |access-date=2 April 2023}}

| population_total = 6992742

| population_as_of = January 2024

| population_density_km2 = auto

| demographics_type1 = GDP

| demographics1_footnotes = {{citation|title=GDP BY GOVERNORATE|url=https://mped.gov.eg/Governorate?lang=en|website=mped.gov.eg}}

| demographics1_title1 = Total

| demographics1_info1 = EGP 289 billion
(US$ 18.4 billion)

| timezone1 = EGY

| utc_offset1 = +2

| timezone1_DST = EEST

| utc_offset1_DST = +3

| blank_name_sec2 = HDI (2021)

| blank_info_sec2 = 0.718{{Cite web |title=Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Table - Global Data Lab |url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/EGY/?levels=1+4&years=2021&extrapolation=0 |access-date=2023-02-20 |website=globaldatalab.org}}
{{color|#0c0|high}} · 16th

| website = {{URL|http://behira.gov.eg/}}

| iso_code = EG-BH

| calling_code =

| footnotes =

}}

Beheira ({{langx|ar|محافظة البحيرة}} {{Transliteration|arz|Moḥafzet el Beḥēra}}, {{IPA|ar|moˈħɑfzˤet elbeˈħeːɾæ|IPA}}, "the governorate of the Lake") is a coastal governorate in northern Egypt. Located in the northern part of the country in the Nile Delta, its capital is Damanhur.

Overview

File:Wadi El Natrun - El Alamein Rd, El Beheira Governorate, Egypt - panoramio.jpg

Beheira Governorate enjoys an important strategical place, west of the Rosetta branch of the Nile. It comprises four important highways, namely the Cairo-Alexandria desert road, the Cairo agricultural road, the international road, and the circular road. Beheira Governorate is also home to a number of the most important Coptic monasteries in Wadi El Natrun (Scetes).{{cite web |title=El-Beheira Governorate |url=http://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/68566?lang=en-us |website=sis.gov.eg |date=24 May 2016}}{{cite web |title=Al-Buḥayrah GOVERNORATE, EGYPT |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Al-Buhayrah|website=britannica}}

Beheira consists of 13 marakez and 14 cities, and contains important industries such as cotton, chemicals, carpets, electricity, and fishing.

The governorate has a noteworthy number of archaeological sites, including at Abu El Matamir, Abu Hummus, Damanhour, Rosetta (Rashid), and Kafr El Dawwar.

{{cite book

|series=Excavation memoir

|publisher=London : Egypt Exploration Society|publication-date=2009

|isbn=9780856981944 |oclc=690191661

}} Coins, lamps, animal bones, and pottery from Roman and later Eastern Roman (Byzantine) eras are some of the archaeological finds discovered at Kom El Giza, and Kom El Hamam in Beheira.{{cite web |last1=Bergmann |first1=Marianne |last2=Heinzelmann |first2=Michael |title=Schedia Project at Kom El Giza / Kom El Haman |url=http://archaeologie.uni-koeln.de/sites/archaeologie/Dokumente/personen/heinzelmann/publikationen/Bergmann_Heinzelmann_Schedia_2009.pdf |website=archaeologie.uni-koeln.de |publisher=University of Goettingen/Germany at Schedia}}

In 2017, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sissi appointed the first female governor in the country's history, Nadia Ahmed Abdou, for Beheira Governorate.{{Cite news|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/02/egypt-appoint-first-female-governor-nadia-abdu-baheira.html|title=Egypt's first-ever female governor marches to a different drummer|date=2017-02-22|newspaper=Al-Monitor|access-date=2017-02-22|language=en-us|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223003016/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/02/egypt-appoint-first-female-governor-nadia-abdu-baheira.html|archive-date=2017-02-23|url-status=live}}

The rate of poverty in the governate is more than 60%, however, some social safety networks have been provided recently in the form of financial assistance, and job opportunities. The funding has been coordinated by Egypt's Ministry of Finance and with assistance from international organisations.{{cite news |title=Social Solidarity Ministry to provide citizens with disabilities financial support |url=https://ww.egyptindependent.com/social-solidarity-ministry-financial-support/ |access-date=11 December 2018 |work=Egypt Independent |date=25 July 2017}}

Municipal divisions

The governorate is divided into the following municipal divisions for administrative purposes, with a total estimated population as of January 2024 of [https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/populationClock.aspx 6,992,742]. In some instances there is a markaz and a kism with the same name.

class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders" \|+ Municipal Divisions ! Anglicized name !! Native name !! Arabic transliteration !! Population (January 2023 Est.)!! Type
Abu El Matamir	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز ابو المطامير}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Abū al-Maṭāmīr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|603,640	Markaz
Abu Hummus	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز أبو حمص}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Abū Ḥummuṣ}}	style="text-align:right;"\|581,820	Markaz
El Delengat	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز الدلنجات}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ad-Dilinjāt}}	style="text-align:right;"\|400,570	Markaz
Mahmoudiyah	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز المحمودية}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Al-Maḥmūdiyah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|305,974	Markaz
Rahmaniya	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز الرحمانية}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ar-Raḥmāniyah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|176,315	Markaz
Badr	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز بدر}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Badr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|208,542	Markaz
Damanhour	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|قسم دمنهور}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\| Damanhūr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|327,352	Kism (fully urban)
Damanhour	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز دمنهور}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Damanhūr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|586,244	Markaz
West Nubariyah	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|قسم غرب النوبارية }}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Gharb an-Nūbāriyah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|130,405	Kism (urban and rural parts)
Hosh Essa	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز حوش عيسى}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ḥawsh 'Īsā}}	style="text-align:right;"\|339,556	Markaz
Edku	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز إدكو}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Idkū}}	style="text-align:right;"\|257,873	Markaz
Itay El Barud	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز إيتاى البارود}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ityāy al-Bārūd}}	style="text-align:right;"\|476,197	Markaz
Kafr El Dawwar	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|قسم كفر الدوار}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Kafr ad-Dawwār}}	style="text-align:right;"\|344,133	Kism (urban and rural parts)
Kafr El Dawwar	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز كفر الدوار}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Kafr ad-Dawwār}}	style="text-align:right;"\|749,595	Markaz
Kom Hamada	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز كوم حمادة}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Kawm Ḥamādah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|496,752	Markaz
Rosetta	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز رشيد}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Rashīd}}	style="text-align:right;"\|309,188	Markaz
Shubrakhit	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز شبرا خيت}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Shubrākhīt}}	style="text-align:right;"\|302,429	Markaz
Natrn Valley	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز وادى النطرون}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Wadi an-Natrun}}	style="text-align:right;"\|90,576	Markaz

Population

According to population estimates, in 2024 the majority of residents in the governorate lived in rural areas, with an urbanization rate of only 19.5%. Out of an estimated 6,992,742 people residing in the governorate, 5,629,157 people lived in rural areas as opposed to only 1,363,585 in urban areas.{{cite web|title=Population Estimates By Sex & Governorate 1/1/2015|url=http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf|website=CAPMAS|access-date=23 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019093240/http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf|archive-date=2015-10-19|url-status=live}}

Cities and towns

Notable people

Mahmud Shaltut, former Grand Imam of Al-Azhar
Pope Benjamin I of Alexandria, former Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark
Mohammed al-Ghazali, Islamic Scholar
Hassan Shehata, football manager
Karim Hafez, footballer

Industrial zones

According to the Governing Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI), the following industrial zones are located in Beheira:{{cite web |title=Industrial Zones of Governorate |url=http://www.gafi.gov.eg/English/StartaBusiness/InvestmentZones/Pages/Industrial-Zones.aspx |website=Ministry of Investment Egypt |access-date=23 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123201111/http://www.gafi.gov.eg/English/StartaBusiness/InvestmentZones/Pages/Industrial-Zones.aspx |archive-date=2018-11-23 |url-status=live }}

Zone name
class="wikitable"
rowspan="1"\|New El Nubaria Industrial Zone

Projects and programs

In 1981, the Basic Village Service Program (BVS), under the auspices of USAID, had several water, road, and other projects, going on in several markazes in Beheira Governorate.{{cite web|title=Egypt: The Basic Village Services Program|url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDAAR029.pdf|website=USAID|access-date=19 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019144503/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDAAR029.pdf|archive-date=2016-10-19|url-status=dead}}

In 2018 the governorate council discussed a campaign of mosquito control and animal control to avert the spread of preventable diseases.{{cite news |last1=Qassam |first1=Hamdi |title=Secretary General discusses stray dogs and mosquitoes in the lake |url=https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/1344375 |work=Al Masry Al Youm |date=19 November 2018 |access-date=2018-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120011755/https://www.almasryalyoum.com/news/details/1344375 |archive-date=2018-11-20 |url-status=live }}

References

External links

[https://www.elwatannews.com/subsection/159 El Watan News of Beheira Governorate]

Category:Governorates of Egypt

class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders" \|+ Municipal Divisions ! Anglicized name !! Native name !! Arabic transliteration !! Population (January 2023 Est.)!! Type
Abu El Matamir	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز ابو المطامير}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Abū al-Maṭāmīr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|603,640	Markaz
Abu Hummus	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز أبو حمص}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Abū Ḥummuṣ}}	style="text-align:right;"\|581,820	Markaz
El Delengat	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز الدلنجات}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ad-Dilinjāt}}	style="text-align:right;"\|400,570	Markaz
Mahmoudiyah	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز المحمودية}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Al-Maḥmūdiyah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|305,974	Markaz
Rahmaniya	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز الرحمانية}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ar-Raḥmāniyah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|176,315	Markaz
Badr	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز بدر}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Badr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|208,542	Markaz
Damanhour	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|قسم دمنهور}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\| Damanhūr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|327,352	Kism (fully urban)
Damanhour	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز دمنهور}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Damanhūr}}	style="text-align:right;"\|586,244	Markaz
West Nubariyah	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|قسم غرب النوبارية }}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Gharb an-Nūbāriyah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|130,405	Kism (urban and rural parts)
Hosh Essa	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز حوش عيسى}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ḥawsh 'Īsā}}	style="text-align:right;"\|339,556	Markaz
Edku	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز إدكو}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Idkū}}	style="text-align:right;"\|257,873	Markaz
Itay El Barud	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز إيتاى البارود}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Ityāy al-Bārūd}}	style="text-align:right;"\|476,197	Markaz
Kafr El Dawwar	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|قسم كفر الدوار}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Kafr ad-Dawwār}}	style="text-align:right;"\|344,133	Kism (urban and rural parts)
Kafr El Dawwar	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز كفر الدوار}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Kafr ad-Dawwār}}	style="text-align:right;"\|749,595	Markaz
Kom Hamada	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز كوم حمادة}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Kawm Ḥamādah}}	style="text-align:right;"\|496,752	Markaz
Rosetta	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز رشيد}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Rashīd}}	style="text-align:right;"\|309,188	Markaz
Shubrakhit	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز شبرا خيت}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Shubrākhīt}}	style="text-align:right;"\|302,429	Markaz
Natrn Valley	style="text-align:right;"\| {{lang\|ar\|مركز وادى النطرون}}	{{Transliteration\|ar\|Wadi an-Natrun}}	style="text-align:right;"\|90,576	Markaz