Black-eared flying fox
{{Short description|Species of bat}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Black-eared flying fox
| image = Pteropus melanotus natalis - the Christmas Island flying-fox.jpg
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Pteropus
| species = melanotus
| authority = Blyth, 1863
| synonyms = Pteropus edulis
Pteropus modiglianii
Pteropus niadicus
Pteropus nicobaricus
Pteropus tytleri
| range_map = Black-eared Flying Fox area.png
| range_map_caption = Black-eared flying fox range:{{leftlegend|red|extant|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|black|extinct|outline=gray}}
}}
The black-eared flying fox, species Pteropus melanotus, is a bat of the family Pteropodidae (megabats). Also known as Blyth's flying fox, it is found on the Andaman Islands and Nicobar Islands (India), and in Sumatra (Indonesia). A population on Christmas Island, which is critically endangered, has been placed as a subspecies of this population, although it may be a distinct species. Pteropus natalis.John CZ Woinarski, Samantha Flakus, David J. James, Brendan Tiernan, Gemma J. Dale and Tanya Detto (2014) [http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3161/150811014X683336 "An island-wide monitoring program demonstrates decline in reporting rate for the Christmas Island flying-fox, Pteropus melanotus natalis."] Acta Chiropterologica, 16.1 (2014): 117-127.
Distribution and habitat
The black-eared flying fox is native to various island groups in the Indo-Pacific. These include the Andaman Islands, the Nicobar Islands, the Mentawai Islands. It mostly roosts in large colonies in forests near the coast, especially in mangrove areas.
Biology
The black-eared flying fox is more diurnal than most bats,{{Citation needed|date=December 2018}} emerging from its roosts before dusk and feeding on the fruits and flowers of at least twenty-six species of forest trees at least ten of which are introduced species. A single young is born annually.
Status
The black-eared flying fox faces a number of threats. Destruction of its forest habitat reduces the availability of roosting sites and the animal is hunted by man for food. The crushed bones of this species are used in traditional medicine to relieve asthma symptoms. However, it has proved adaptable to changes in diet and now feeds on a number of introduced species of plant. The IUCN has rated this species as "Vulnerable".
References
{{Commons category|Pteropus melanotus}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1761644}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Black-Eared Flying Fox}}
Category:Bats of Southeast Asia
Category:Fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Category:Vulnerable fauna of Asia
Category:Mammals described in 1863