Bou Saâda
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name =Bou Saâda
|other_name =
|native_name = بو سعادة
|nickname =
|settlement_type =Commune and town
|motto =
|image_skyline = Bousaayel.jpg
|imagesize =
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|image_flag =
|flag_size =
|image_seal =
|seal_size =
|image_map = DZ-28-20 - Bou-Saâda - Wilaya M'Sila.svg
|mapsize = 180px
|map_caption =
|pushpin_map = Algeria
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
|pushpin_mapsize=300
|pushpin_map_caption =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name ={{flag|Algeria}}
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =M'Sila Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 =
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|subdivision_name3 =
|government_footnotes =
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|area_magnitude =
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 249.34
|area_land_km2 =
|population_as_of = 2008 census
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total = 111787
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone = CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates = {{coord|35|13|09|N|4|10|54|E|display=inline}}
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 553
|elevation_ft =
|postal_code_type = Postal code
|postal_code = 28001
|area_code =
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|website = {{URL|http://bousaada.org/}}
|footnotes =
}}
Bou Saada ({{langx|ar|بو سعادة}}, bu s‘adah, meaning "place of happiness") is a town and municipality in M'Sila Province, Algeria, situated 245 km south of Algiers. As Arena it was the site of a city and bishopric in Roman Africa, now a Catholic titular see. The municipal population was estimated at 134,000 in 2008.
Geography
Bou-Saada is located in the southwest of the Hodna region in the Hauts Plateaux, at the feet of the Ouled Naïl Range of the Saharan Atlas.
Bou-Saada has traditionally been an important market place producing and selling jewelry, metalwork, carpets and bousaadi knives. There is also a textile mill in town. Even in modern times, Bou-Saada is an important trading post for nomads. There is also some national tourism during winter.
Bou-Saada is well-connected with other urban centres by road. M'Sila is 70 km northeast, Biskra is 175 km east, Bordj Bou Arreridj 130 km northeast and Djelfa 120 km southwest.
Bou-Saada has two quarters, the old medina (ksar) within the city walls with arched alleyways, and the French town to the south. Surrounding the town are extensive date groves.
class="wikitable"
! Year !! Population | |
1954 | 66,800 |
1966 | 26,300 |
1977 | 46,800 (town) 50,100 (municipality) |
1987 | 68,700 |
1998 | 99,800 |
2000 | 104,800 |
2008 | 134,000 |
=Climate=
Bou Saada has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWk). Rainfall is higher in winter than in summer. The average annual temperature in Bou Saada is {{convert|15.5|°C|1}}. About {{convert|212|mm|2|abbr=on}} of precipitation falls annually.
{{Weather box|location = Bou Saada
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan high C = 12.7
|Feb high C = 14.1
|Mar high C = 16.7
|Apr high C = 20.3
|May high C = 23.5
|Jun high C = 27.5
|Jul high C = 31.2
|Aug high C = 31.0
|Sep high C = 27.0
|Oct high C = 22.0
|Nov high C = 17.3
|Dec high C = 14.1
|Jan low C = 3.2
|Feb low C = 3.8
|Mar low C = 5.5
|Apr low C = 7.8
|May low C = 10.5
|Jun low C = 14.0
|Jul low C = 16.3
|Aug low C = 16.3
|Sep low C = 14.7
|Oct low C = 10.9
|Nov low C = 7.9
|Dec low C = 4.5
|Jan precipitation mm = 22
|Feb precipitation mm = 14
|Mar precipitation mm = 21
|Apr precipitation mm = 16
|May precipitation mm = 26
|Jun precipitation mm = 16
|Jul precipitation mm = 6
|Aug precipitation mm = 8
|Sep precipitation mm = 20
|Oct precipitation mm = 22
|Nov precipitation mm = 24
|Dec precipitation mm = 17
|year precipitation mm= 212
|source = [http://Climate-Data.org Climate data]
|date=28 January 2018}}
Ecclesiastical history
Arena was important enough in the Late Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis to be one of the many suffragans of its capital Caesarea Mauretaniae's Metropolitan Archbishopric; discontinued as a consequence of the Arab conquest of North Africa.
= Titular see =
The diocese was nominally restored in 1933 as Latin Catholic titular bishopric.
It has had the following incumbents, of the fitting episcopal (lowest) rank :
- Luís António de Almeida (1935.10.04 – 1941.04.19)
- Joseph-Conrad Chaumont (1941.06.28 – 1966.10.08)
- György Zemplén (1969.01.10 – 1973.03.29)
- Roger-Émile Aubry, Redemptorists (C.SS.R.) (1973.06.14 – 2010.02.17)
- Mário Antônio da Silva (2010.06.09 – ...), Auxiliary Bishop of Manaus (Brazil)
Rock art
In the municipality, located not far from the village of Ben Srour, are several petroglyph sites of archaeological interest.Tixier, J. (1958-1960) Gravures rupestres de Bou Saâda (Algérie)" Bulletin de la Société Royale Belge d'Études Géologiques et Archéologiques 17: pp. 21-27, in FrenchPoyto, R. (1976) "Les rupestres de Ben-S'rour, Daïra de Bou-Saâda" Libyca Alger 24: pp. 195-202, in French
See also
{{Portal|Algeria}}
- A Bou Saâda local football (soccer) club Amel
References
{{Reflist}}
Sources and external links
- [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t0189.htm GCatholic with titular incumbent links]
{{coord|36|46|N|4|35|E|region:DZ_type:city|display=title}}
{{M'Sila Province}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bou Saada}}