Brahmanbaria#History

{{about |the city of Brahmanbaria in Bangladesh|the upazila of Brahmanbaria|Brahmanbaria Sadar Upazila|the district of Brahmanbaria|Brahmanbaria District}}

{{Infobox settlement

| official_name = Brahmanbaria

| native_name = ব্রাহ্মণবাড়িয়া (Brahmanbaria)

| other_name =

| settlement_type = City

| image_skyline = Jamia Islamia Yunusia, Paikpara.jpg

| imagesize =

| image_caption = Jamia Islamia Yunusia, a famous madrasa in the city

| image_flag =

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| nickname = Baunbaira

| motto =

| image_map =

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| map_caption =

| image_map1 =

| mapsize1 =

| map_caption1 =

| pushpin_map = Bangladesh Chittagong division#Bangladesh

| pushpin_label_position = bottom

| pushpin_mapsize =

| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Chittagong division

| coordinates = {{coord|23.965593|N|91.107997|E|type:city|display=inline,title}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}}

| subdivision_type1 = Division

| subdivision_type2 = District

| subdivision_type3 = Upazila

| subdivision_type4 =

| subdivision_name1 = Chittagong

| subdivision_name2 = Brahmanbaria

| subdivision_name3 = Brahmanbaria Sadar

| subdivision_name4 =

| established_title = Establishment

| established_date = Late 1700 CE

| established_title2 = Municipality

| established_date2 = 1769

| established_title3 = Administrative District

| established_date3 = 1984

| government_footnotes =

| government_type = Pourashava

| governing_body =

| leader_title = City Mayor

| leader_name = Nayar Kabir

| leader_title1 =

| leader_name1 =

| unit_pref =

| area_footnotes = {{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |title=Area, Population and Literacy Rate by Paurashava −2001 |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |access-date=18 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050327072826/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |archive-date=27 March 2005 |df=dmy-all}}{{Cite web |url=http://sadar.brahmanbaria.gov.bd/site/page/708fe764-2144-11e7-8f57-286ed488c766 |script-title=bn:ব্রাহ্মণবাড়িয়া সদর উপজেলা |website=Brahmanbaria Sadar Upazila |language=bn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922033109/http://sadar.brahmanbaria.gov.bd/site/page/708fe764-2144-11e7-8f57-286ed488c766 |archive-date=22 September 2019}}

| area_magnitude =

| area_total_km2 =

| area_total_sq_mi = 10.4

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| elevation_footnotes = {{Cite web |url=http://www.floodmap.net/Elevation/CountryElevationMap/?ct=BD |title=Bangladesh Elevation and Elevation Maps of Cities, Topographic Map Contour}}

| elevation_m = 15

| elevation_ft = 49.2

| population_total = 264326

| population_as_of = 2022

| population_footnotes =

| population_density_km2 = auto

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| population_demonym = Brahmanbarian

| population_note =

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 3400{{cite web |author=www.geopostcodes.com |url=http://www.geopostcodes.com |title=ZIP Code database of Bangladesh |publisher=Geopostcodes.com |access-date=11 June 2008}}

| area_code =

| leader_title2 =

| leader_name2 =

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| timezone = BST

| utc_offset = +6

| blank_name = National Calling Code

| blank_info = +880

| blank1_name = Local Calling Code

| blank1_info = +88-0851

| name =

}}

Brahmanbaria{{cite web |url=http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikivoyage/w/poimap2.php?lat=23.969&lon=91.103&zoom=13/ |title=Wikivoyage |publisher=Map Data OpenStreetMap |access-date=11 July 2011}} ({{langx|bn|ব্রাহ্মণবাড়িয়া|Brāhmaṇabāṛiẏā}}){{cite web |url=http://www.lged.gov.bd/ViewMap2.aspx?DistrictID=14#/ |title=Government Official Name |publisher=Local government in Bangladesh |access-date=17 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142218/http://www.lged.gov.bd/ViewMap2.aspx?DistrictID=14#/ |archive-date=12 June 2018 |url-status=dead}} is a city of Bangladesh and the capital of Brahmanbaria Sadar Upazila as well as Brahmanbaria District. It is the second largest city after Cumilla in eastern Bangladesh{{cite web |url=http://geonames.nga.mil/ggmagaz/ |title=NGA GeoNames Database |publisher=National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency |access-date=14 July 2008}} and one of the oldest municipalities in Bangladesh, established in 1868.{{cite web |url=https://oldweb.lged.gov.bd/DistrictLGED.aspx?DistrictID=14 |title=About B.BARIA |publisher=Local government in Bangladesh |access-date=30 April 2022}} Brahmanbaria was declared a district headquarters in 1984. Its municipality area has a population of 265,000 in 2022. It is the 17th largest city in Bangladesh.

Etymology

There are different views about how Brahmanbaria got its name. It is said that during the Sen dynasty, a shortage of Brahmins caused problems in worship. So, King Lakshman Sen brought some Brahmin families from Adisur's Kanyakunj to the area. Some of these families built homes in this place. Thus, the place was named Brahmanbaria because of the Brahmins' houses there.{{Cite web |title=এক নজরে ব্রাহ্মণবাড়িয়া (Brahmanbaria at a glance) |url=https://www.brahmanbaria.gov.bd/bn/site/page/KIIM-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=brahmanbaria.gov.bd}}

History

File:বাংলাদেশের সামরিক (১৯৬৭-১৯৭১) পরিকল্পনা.png

During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971 for the liberation of Bangladesh, when Pakistan Army planners predicted India would launch its main attack in the east along the Akhaura–Brahmanbaria axis, it had no brigades available to cover this area, and Pakistan Army moved its 27th brigade from Mymensingh to Akhaura after retaining two battalions of 27th brigade at Mymensingh to form the 93rd Brigade to defend Mymensingh.Salik, Siddiq, Witness to Surrender, pp126 Pakistan Army's 93,000 troops unconditionally surrendered to the Indian Army and India's local ally Mukti Bahini on 16 December 1971. This day and event is commemorated as the Bijoy Dibos ({{langx|bn|বিজয় দিবস}}) in Bangladesh and Vijay Diwas in India.{{cite web |url=http://liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |title=About us |website=Liberation War Museum |access-date=21 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108013543/http://www.liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |archive-date=8 November 2011}}

Administration

Brahmanbaria was given city status in 1984.{{citation needed|date=May 2022}} Brahmanbaria Municipality is subdivided into 20 wards.{{cite web |url=http://sadar.brahmanbaria.gov.bd/node/578295 |title=National Web Portal of Bangladesh |publisher=Bangladesh National Web Portal |access-date=17 December 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141112001321/http://sadar.brahmanbaria.gov.bd/node/578295 |archive-date=12 November 2014 |url-status=dead}}

Geography and climate

File:Titas river sun set view 01.JPG, seen from Brahmanbaria]]

Brahmanbaria is located in the East-Central region of Bangladesh. Its nearby cities are Dhaka, Comilla, Narayanganj and Agartala. This city is in the bank of Titas River. Also there is Meghna River in the west of Brahmanbaria.Bangladesh Compendium of Environment Statistics. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Statistics Division, Ministry of Planning, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 2009.{{better source needed|date=May 2019}}

Brahmanbaria has a tropical wet and dry climate.

Demographics

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According to the 2022 Bangladesh census, Brahmanbaria city had 56,898 households and a population of 264,341. Brahmanbaria had a sex ratio of 96.44 females per 100 males and a literacy rate of 83.33%. 21.30% of the population were under 10 years of age.{{Cite book |url=http://nsds.bbs.gov.bd/storage/files/1/Publications/PHCensus/Chattaogram/District%20Report%20Brahmanbaria.pdf |title=Population and Housing Census 2022 - District Report: Brahmanbaria |date=June 2024 |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |isbn=978-984-475-235-1 |series= District Series |location=Dhaka |pages=}}

Notable residents

Syed Abdul Hadi, a Bangladeshi musician, is from Brahmanbaria. He won the National Film Award five times. In 2000, he was awarded the Ekushey Padak, the second highest civilian honor of Bangladesh, for his contribution to music. Brahmanbaria also produced actresses like Zakia Bari Momo, who won LUX Channel I Superstar, Tasnova Hoque Elvin. Alamgir is evergreen actor of Cinema of Bangladesh. He start working in mid '80s and he is still an actor.{{Cite web |url=http://www.online-dhaka.com/english/29_735_26229_0-alamgir-celebrity-online-dhaka.html |title=Alamgir | Film Star | Online Dhaka Guide ( অনলাইন ঢাকা গাইড) - an Information Guide for Dhaka City |access-date=28 November 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101704/http://www.online-dhaka.com/english/29_735_26229_0-alamgir-celebrity-online-dhaka.html |url-status=usurped}} Brahmanbaria has other people like Al Mahmud, cricketer Mohammad Ashraful, Abdul Kadir and Syed Shamsul Haque who are poets. Brahmanbaria has also produced many notable footballers, including Zahirul Haque, Mohammed Kaikobad, Ahsanullah Montu and Mamun Khan, to name a few. Nawaab Syed Shamsul Huda was a leader of the Muslim League. Ali Azam was a leader of Awami League. Shakil Ahmed was the director general of border guards, who had heavily secured the borders of Bangladesh.