Bukhara Region
{{Short description|Region of Uzbekistan}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bukhara Region
| native_name = Buxoro viloyati
Бухоро вилояти
| settlement_type = Region
| image_skyline = Bukhara - Panorama.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = The City of Bukhara
| image_shield =
| shield_alt =
| image_map = Buxoro Viloyati in Uzbekistan.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Bukhara in Uzbekistan
| coordinates = {{coord|40|10|N|63|40|E|region:UZ|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Uzbekistan
| subdivision_type1 =
| subdivision_name1 =
| blank_name_sec1 = Districts
| blank_info_sec1 = 11
| blank1_name_sec1 = Cities
| blank1_info_sec1 = 11
| blank2_name_sec1 = Townships
| blank2_info_sec1 = 3
| blank3_name_sec1 = Villages
| blank3_info_sec1 = 121
| seat = Bukhara
| seat_type = Capital
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Hokim
| leader_name = Botir Zaripov Komilovich
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 1938
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 40216
| elevation_m = 206
| timezone1 = East
| utc_offset1 = +5
| timezone1_DST = not observed
| utc_offset1_DST = +5
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 1976823
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_density_km2 = auto
| iso_code = UZ-BU
| registration_plate =
| website = {{URL|https://buxoro.uz}}
| footnotes =
}}
Bukhara Region{{efn|{{langx|uz|Бухоро вилояти|Buxoro viloyati}}, {{IPA|uz|bʊχɔˈrɔ ʋɪ̆lɔˌjæˈtʰɪ̆|IPA}}; {{langx|tg|вилояти Бухоро|viloyati Buxoro}}, {{small|Bukharian dialect:}} {{lang|tg-hebr|בלאיתי בּוכארא}}; {{langx|tk|{{noitalic|Бухара велаяты}}|Buhara welaýaty}}; {{langx|kaa|Бухара уәлаяты|Buxara wálayatı}}}}{{efn|Formerly called Bukhara Oblast (from Russian {{lang|ru|Бухарская область}}).}} is a region of Uzbekistan located in the southwest of the country. The Kyzyl Kum desert takes up a large portion of its territory. It borders Turkmenistan, Navoiy Region, Qashqadaryo Region, a small part of the Xorazm Region, and the Karakalpakstan Republic. It covers an area of 40,216 km2. The population is estimated at 1,976,823 (as of 2022), with 63% living in rural areas.{{Cite web|title=O'zbekistonda eng ko'p aholi qaysi viloyatda yashaydi?|url=https://qalampir.uz/uz/n/55253|access-date=2022-02-10|website=Qalampir.uz|language=uz}}[https://buxstat.uz/files/286/Demografiya/2034/1-Hududlar-boyicha-shahar-va-qishloq-aholisi-soni.pdf Urban and rural population by region], Bukhara regional department of statistics {{in lang|uz}}.
Buxoro Region is divided into 11 administrative districts and two district-level cities. The capital is Bukhara, with a population of around 284,100 (as of 2021). Other major towns include Olot, Qorakoʻl (Karakul), Galaosiyo, Gazli, Gʻijduvon (pop. ~40,600, as of late 2005), Kogon (pop. ~62,300, as of 2021), Romitan, Shofirkon, and Vobkent.
The climate is a typically arid continental climate.
The old city of Bukhara is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, famous as a "living museum" and a center for international tourism. There are numerous historical and architectural monuments in and around the city and adjacent districts.
The Bukhara Region has significant natural resources, especially natural gas, petroleum, graphite, bentonite, marble, sulfur, limestone, and raw materials for construction. The most developed industrial activities are oil refining, cotton ginning, textiles, and other light industry.{{cite web|title=Investment Potentials of the Bukhara Region|url=http://www.diplomatmagazine.nl/2018/08/15/investment-potentials-of-the-bukhara-region/|website=Diplomat|access-date=22 February 2019}} Traditional crafts such as gold embroidery, ceramics, and engraving have been revived. Bukhara Region is the center of karakul sheep breeding and the production of karakul pelts in Uzbekistan.{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}}
Administrative divisions
The Bukhara Region consists of 11 districts (listed below) and two district-level cities: Bukhara and Kogon.{{cite web|url=https://api.stat.uz/api/v1.0/data/ozbekiston-respublikasining-mamuriy-hududiy-bol?lang=uz&format=pdf|title=Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining maʼmuriy-hududiy boʻlinishi|trans-title=Administrative-territorial division of the Republic of Uzbekistan|date=July 2021|publisher=The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics|language=uz|archive-date=4 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204100727/https://api.stat.uz/api/v1.0/data/ozbekiston-respublikasining-mamuriy-hududiy-bol?lang=uz&format=pdf}}{{cite web|url=https://stat.uz/uploads/docs/soato(mhobt)_2020.xlsx|title=Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan|language=uz, ru|date=July 2020|publisher=The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics}}
City of Bukhara includes the municipality of Bukhara itself, as well as two rural communities (Otbozor, Shirbuddin).
| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
| Key || District name || District capital | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Olot District | Olot |
| 2 | Bukhara District | Galaosiyo |
| 3 | Gʻijduvon District | Gʻijduvon |
| 4 | Jondor District | Jondor |
| 5 | Kogon District | Kogon |
| 6 | Qorakoʻl District | Qorakoʻl |
| 7 | Qorovulbozor District | Qorovulbozor |
| 8 | Peshku District | Yangibozor |
| 9 | Romitan District | Romitan |
| 10 | Shofirkon District | Shofirkon |
| 11 | Vobkent District | Vobkent |
There are 11 cities (Bukhara, Kogon, Olot, Galaosiyo, Vobkent, Gʻijduvon, Qorakoʻl, Qorovulbozor, Romitan, Gazli, Shofirkon) and 68 urban-type settlements in the Bukhara Region.
History
The Bukhara region has always been ethnically diverse in origin, mainly populated by Uzbeks and Tajiks. Other notable minorities of the region include the Bukharan Jews and the Iranis (Persian-speaking Shia descendants of residents of Merv expelled in late 18th century). Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the great majority of the Bukharan Jewish community have immigrated to Eretz Israel or to the United States while others have immigrated to Europe or Australia.Goodman, Peter. "Bukharian Jews find homes on Long Island", Newsday, September 2004. The Iranis, despite sharing the Persian language with much of the residents of Bukhara region, have not assimilated into the Sunni majority population. Intermarriage between Iranis and Tajiks/Uzbeks have been rare.Finke, Peter, and Meltem Sancak. “To Be an Uzbek or Not to Be a Tajik? Ethnicity and Locality in the Bukhara Oasis.” Zeitschrift Für Ethnologie 137, no. 1 (2012): 47–70. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/23333538 http://www.jstor.org/stable/23333538].
Main sights
Ulugbek Madrasah is a memorial to Abdul Khaliq Ghijduwani, located in the city of Gijduvon in the Bukhara region of Uzbekistan. It is one of the ancient and renowned madrasas of Bukhara, also known as the "Fayziya Madrasah." Presently, it is also referred to as the Mirzo Ulugbek Madrasa.{{cite book |last= Jumanazar |first= Abdusattor |date=2022 |title= Qoratosh |trans-title= Karatash |language=Uzbek |location=Tashkent |publisher= Akademnashr |isbn=978-9943-8188-7-3}}{{cite book |last= Jumanazar |first= Abdusattor |date=2017 |title=Buxoro taʼlim tizimi tarixi |trans-title=History of Bukhara education system |language=Uzbek |location=Tashkent |publisher= Akademnashr |isbn=978-9943-4728-2-2}}
This prestigious educational institution was built in the Hijri year 836 (corresponding to 1432/33 in the Gregorian calendar) beside the grave of Shaykh Abdul Khaliq Ghijduwani, with a two-story structure made of baked bricks.{{Cite web|url= https://autotravel.ru/otklik.php/22594|title= Ulug'bek madrasasi|website= autotravel.ru |accessdate= 2023-11-17}}{{cite book |date=2022 |title= Movarounnahr ilmiy markazlari |trans-title= Transoxiana scientific centers |language= Uzbek|location= Tashkent|publisher= Oʻzbekiston xalqaro islom akademiyasi |isbn=978-9943-7559-5-6}} The Ulugbek Madrasah, established by Ulugh Beg, is the third and last madrasa he founded, relatively smaller and simpler compared to the Ulugbek Madrasah in Bukhara and Samarkand.{{Cite web|url= https://www.turkestantravel.com/ru/sights/medrese-ulugbeka-v-gizhduvane/|title= Гиждуван Медресе Улугбека|website= www.turkestantravel.com |accessdate= 2023-11-17}}{{Cite web|url= https://ilmlar.uz/buxoro-shahridagi-ulugbek-madrasasi-tarixi-va-rasmlari/|title= Buxoro shahridagi Ulug'bek madrasasi tarixi va rasmlari|website= ilmlar.uz |date= 4 November 2022|accessdate= 2023-11-17}}Soviet encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. XI roof. Tashkent: General editorial office of the Uzbek Soviet Encyclopedia, 1978 - 656 pages
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20190523073629/http://bukhara.gov.uz/ Official website]
- {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Bokhara (state) |volume= 4 |last1= Kropotkin |first1= Peter Alexeivitch |author1-link= Peter Kropotkin |last2= Eliot |first2= Charles Norton Edgcumbe |author2-link= Charles Eliot (diplomat) |pages = 156–157 |short= 1}}
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Bukhara Region
|North = Navoiy Region
|Northeast =
|East =
|Southeast = Qashqadaryo Region
|South =
|Southwest = Lebap Region, {{flag|Turkmenistan}}
|West =
|Northwest = Karakalpakstan
}}
{{Regions of Uzbekistan}}
{{Bukhara Region}}
{{Authority control}}