CFM International LEAP

The LEAP incorporates several design features intended to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions compared to the CFM56. Its architecture includes a scaled-down version of the low-pressure turbine used on the General Electric GEnx engine. The fan blades are made of composite materials via a resin transfer molding process and are designed to untwist under load to maintain aerodynamic efficiency.

Although capable of operating at higher pressures than the CFM56, the LEAP engine is typically operated at lower pressures to improve durability and service life. It utilizes a higher proportion of composite materials, features the second-generation Twin Annular Pre-mixing Swirler (TAPS II) combustor, and has a bypass ratio of approximately 10:1 to 11:1. The engine’s high-pressure compressor achieves a compression ratio of up to 22:1, approximately double that of its predecessor.{{cite news |last=Chandler |first=Jerome Greer |date=18 May 2017 |title=Taking the LEAP: CFM's successor to the fabulous 56 |url=https://www.aviationpros.com/engines-components/aircraft-engines/turbine-engines-parts/article/12328944/taking-the-leap-cfms-successor-to-the-fabulous-56 |access-date=1 March 2022 |work=Aviation Pros}} The turbine shrouds are made using ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), which provide high temperature resistance with reduced weight. These and other design improvements are projected to result in a 16% reduction in fuel consumption relative to earlier CFM engines.{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/technology/pratt-targets-hot-rotating-blade-use-cmcs |title= Pratt Targets Hot, Rotating Blade Use Of CMCs |date= 13 April 2015 |author= Guy Norris |url-access= subscription |access-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-date= 28 September 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180928084001/http://aviationweek.com/technology/pratt-targets-hot-rotating-blade-use-cmcs |url-status= live }} {{cite magazine |magazine= Aviation Week & Space Technology |title= Hot blades |date= 27 April 2015 |page= 55 |url= https://assets.informa.com/digitaleditions/AW/AWST_150427.pdf |access-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180705150720/http://assets.penton.com/digitaleditions/AW/AWST_150427.pdf |url-status= live }}{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/new-engines-flurry-of-activity-despite-downturn-332998 |title= New engines: flurry of activity despite downturn |date= 6 October 2009 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-date= 9 May 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180509150904/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/new-engines-flurry-of-activity-despite-downturn-332998/ |url-status= live }}

The LEAP also incorporates an eductor-based oil cooling system, derived from the GEnx design. This system includes oil coolers mounted on the fan duct lining and uses a venturi effect to maintain oil pressure within the internal sump.{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/awin/smooth-start-fast-paced-leap-1a-test-program |title= Smooth Start To Fast-Paced Leap-1A Test Program |date= 28 October 2013 |author= Guy Norris |access-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-date= 28 September 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180928100536/http://aviationweek.com/awin/smooth-start-fast-paced-leap-1a-test-program |url-status= live }} {{cite magazine |magazine= Aviation Week & Space Technology |title= Pressure testing |page= 43 |url= http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/20131029#!&pid=42 |url-access= subscription |access-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180705150840/http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/20131029#!&pid=42 |url-status= live }} Additionally, the LEAP includes some of the first FAA-certified 3D-printed components used in a commercial jet engine.{{cite news |url= http://www.gereports.com/post/116402870270/the-faa-cleared-the-first-3d-printed-part-to-fly |title= The FAA Cleared the First 3D Printed Part to Fly in a Commercial Jet Engine from GE |date= 14 April 2015 |author= Tomas Kellner |publisher= GE |access-date= 22 April 2015 |archive-date= 29 June 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170629213122/http://www.gereports.com/post/116402870270/the-faa-cleared-the-first-3d-printed-part-to-fly/ |url-status= dead }}

The LEAP-1C variant, developed for the Chinese-built Comac C919, reportedly omits some of the advanced technologies found in other LEAP models. According to industry sources, this decision was influenced by concerns that the technology could be stolen and put into the CJ-1000A engine being developed by another state-owned manufacturer, the Aero Engine Corporation of China. Some analysts have described the LEAP-1C as more closely related in capability to an upgraded CFM56 than to other LEAP variants.{{Cite web |last=Bogaisky |first=Jeremy |date=2022-09-20 |title=China Preps To Launch Its First Big Passenger Jet. It's No Threat To Boeing Or Airbus—Yet |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeremybogaisky/2022/09/20/china-comac-c919-boeing-airbus/ |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Forbes |language=en}}

File:Paris Air Show 2017 LEAP fan.jpg

The LEAP{{Cite web |url=http://www.cfmaeroengines.com/engines/leap#history |title=LEAP Turbofan Engine, History |access-date=16 August 2012 |archive-date=3 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903023247/https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/engines/leap/#history |url-status=live }} incorporates technologies that CFM developed as part of the LEAP56 technology acquisition program, which CFM launched in 2005.{{cite press release|url=http://www.cfm56.com/press/news/cfm+laying+the+technology+foundation+for+the+future/131?|title=CFM Laying the Technology Foundation for the Future|date=13 June 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091029154930/http://www.cfm56.com/press/news/cfm+laying+the+technology+foundation+for+the+future/131|archive-date=29 October 2009}}. CFM International The engine was officially launched as LEAP-X on 13 July 2008.{{cite press release |url= https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/cfm-unveils-new-leap-x-engine/ |title= CFM Unveils New LEAP-X Engine |publisher= CFM International |date= 13 July 2008 |access-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180705150739/https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/cfm-unveils-new-leap-x-engine/ |url-status= live }} It is intended to be a successor to the CFM56.

In 2009, COMAC selected the LEAP engine for the C919.{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-international-to-provide-engines-for-comacs-c919-336414 |title= CFM International to provide engines for COMAC's C919 |date= 21 December 2009 |work= flightglobal |access-date= 15 July 2018 |archive-date= 15 November 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191115172045/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-international-to-provide-engines-for-comacs-c919-336414/ |url-status= live }} The aircraft was due to begin testing in 2016.{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-to-finish-leap-core-testing-by-mid-may-341200 |title= CFM to finish Leap core testing by mid-May |date= 28 April 2010 |work= flightglobal |access-date= 15 July 2018 |archive-date= 3 September 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140903153235/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-to-finish-leap-core-testing-by-mid-may-341200/ |url-status= live }}

In total, 28 test engines will be used by CFM to achieve engine certification, and 32 others will be used by Airbus, Boeing and COMAC for aircraft certification and test programs.{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/first-leap-powered-a320neo-moved-to-flight-test-team-411466/ |title= First Leap-powered A320neo moved to flight-test team |date= 22 April 2015 |author= david kaminski morrow |work= flightglobal |access-date= 22 April 2015 |archive-date= 25 April 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150425045935/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/first-leap-powered-a320neo-moved-to-flight-test-team-411466/ |url-status= live }} The first engine entering the test program reached and sustained {{convert|33000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} of thrust, required to satisfy the highest rating for the Airbus A321neo. The same engine ultimately reached {{convert|35000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} of thrust in test runs.

File:GE 747-400 N747GF.jpg flying test platform.{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/technology/cfm-lifts-veil-leap-engine-test-details |title= CFM Lifts Veil On Leap Engine Test Details |date= 20 November 2015 |author= Guy Norris |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology |access-date= 12 December 2018 |archive-date= 11 February 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190211185247/http://aviationweek.com/technology/cfm-lifts-veil-leap-engine-test-details |url-status= live }}]]

CFM carried out the first test flight of a LEAP-1C in Victorville, California, with the engine mounted on the company's Boeing 747 flying testbed aircraft on 6 October 2014. The -1C version features a thrust reverser equipped with a one-piece O-ring replacing a two-piece door. The thrust reverser is deployed by the O-ring sliding aft, reducing the drag that was induced by the older design and improving efficiency.{{cite magazine |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/cfm-marks-40th-anniversary-leap-1-flight-test |title= CFM Marks 40th Anniversary With Leap-1 Flight Test |author= Guy Norris |magazine= Aviation Week & Space Technology |date= 13 October 2014 |page= 40 |access-date= 12 December 2018 |archive-date= 30 November 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141130060330/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/cfm-marks-40th-anniversary-leap-1-flight-test |url-status= live }}

In April 2015, it was reported that the LEAP-1B was suffering up to a 5% shortfall on its promised reduction in fuel consumption.{{cite news|url=http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20150419/PC05/150419367/1177/engine-problems-aren-x2019-t-propulsion-south-carolina-x2019-s-problem|title=Engine problems aren't Propulsion South Carolina's problem|access-date=20 April 2015|archive-date=24 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424155842/http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20150419/PC05/150419367/1177/engine-problems-aren-x2019-t-propulsion-south-carolina-x2019-s-problem|url-status=live}}

It obtained its 180-minute ETOPS approval from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration and the European Aviation Safety Agency on 19 June 2017.{{cite press release |url= https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/leap-engines-awarded-180-minute-etops-certification/ |title= LEAP engines awarded 180-minute ETOPS certification |date= 21 June 2017 |publisher= CFM International |access-date= 21 June 2017 |archive-date= 22 May 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180522180908/https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/leap-engines-awarded-180-minute-etops-certification/ |url-status= live }}

On 20 July 2011, American Airlines announced that it planned to purchase 100 Boeing 737 aircraft featuring the LEAP-1B engine.{{cite web |url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=1845 |title=Boeing and American Airlines Agree on Order for up to 300 Airplanes – Jul 20, 2011 |publisher=Boeing.mediaroom.com |date=20 July 2011 |access-date=31 May 2013 |archive-date=9 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110909130429/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=1845 |url-status=live }} The project was approved by Boeing on 30 August 2011, as the Boeing 737 MAX.[https://www.forbes.com/sites/afontevecchia/2011/08/30/boeing-confirms-duopoly-with-airbus-by-announcing-re-engining-of-737/ Boeing Confirms Duopoly With Airbus Announcing Re-Engining Of 737] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305041318/http://www.forbes.com/sites/afontevecchia/2011/08/30/boeing-confirms-duopoly-with-airbus-by-announcing-re-engining-of-737/ |date=5 March 2016 }}. Forbes[http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/flightblogger/2011/08/boeing_rendering_illustrates_m/ Boeing rendering illustrates major changes to 737NE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016003641/http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/flightblogger/2011/08/boeing_rendering_illustrates_m/ |date=16 October 2014 }}. flightglobal.com Southwest Airlines is the launch customer of the 737 MAX with a firm order of 150 aircraft.{{cite web |url=http://swamedia.com/releases/7b1c6522-daf8-40be-98d4-ce354aa974d3?search=737+max |title=Southwest Airlines Will Become Launch Customer for the New Boeing 737 Max Aircraft – Southwest Airlines Newsroom |publisher=Swamedia.com |date=13 December 2011 |access-date=31 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015052936/http://swamedia.com/releases/7b1c6522-daf8-40be-98d4-ce354aa974d3?search=737+max |archive-date=15 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}

The list price is {{US$|{{#expr:5500/380round1}} million|link=yes}}{{cite news |url= http://atwonline.com/engines/lion-group-completes-55-billion-leap-1a-purchase |title= Lion Group completes $5.5 billion LEAP-1A purchase |date= 30 March 2018 |author= Alan Dron |work= Aviation Week Network |access-date= 31 March 2018 |archive-date= 31 March 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180331175105/http://atwonline.com/engines/lion-group-completes-55-billion-leap-1a-purchase |url-status= live }} for a LEAP-1A, and {{US$|{{#expr:348/24round1}} million}} for a LEAP-1B.{{cite press release |url= https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/alc-finalizes-348-million-cfm-leap-1b-engine-order/ |title= ALC finalizes $348 million CFM LEAP-1B engine order |publisher= CFM |date= 8 August 2017 |access-date= 15 September 2017 |archive-date= 16 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170916010719/https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/alc-finalizes-348-million-cfm-leap-1b-engine-order/ |url-status= live }}

CFM International offers rate-per-flight-hour support agreements (also known as "power by the hour" agreements) for the engine. For a LEAP-1A engine, costs are around {{US$|{{#expr:333000000/20/15/365.25round0}}}} per engine, per day, compared to {{US$|{{#expr:138000000/17/12/365.25round0}}}} per engine, per day for the prior-generation CFM56.{{cite web |title= Zhejiang Loong Air signs RPFH agreement for CFM56-5B engines |date= 15 June 2015 |publisher= Aviation News Ltd |url= http://www.aviationnews-online.com/technology/zhejiang-loong-air-signs-rpfh-agreement-for-cfm56-5b-engines/ |access-date= 16 June 2015 |archive-date= 23 September 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180802/http://www.aviationnews-online.com/technology/zhejiang-loong-air-signs-rpfh-agreement-for-cfm56-5b-engines/ |url-status= live }}

In 2016, CFM booked 1,801 orders, and the LEAP backlog stood at more than 12,200, worth more than {{US$|170 billion}} at list price.{{cite press release |url= https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/2016-cfm-orders-surpass-2600-engines/ |title= 2016 CFM orders surpass 2,600 engines |date= 14 February 2017 |publisher= CFM International |access-date= 15 February 2017 |archive-date= 10 December 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191210192152/https://www.cfmaeroengines.com/press-articles/2016-cfm-orders-surpass-2600-engines/ |url-status= live }}

By July 2018, the LEAP had an eight-year backlog with 16,300 sales. At that time, more LEAPs were produced in the five years it was on sale than CFM56s in 25 years.{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/aerospace/2018-07-04/cfm-confident-leap-production-can-catch-soon |title= CFM Confident Leap Production Can Catch Up Soon |author= Chris Kjelgaard |date= 4 July 2018 |work= AIN online |access-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-date= 5 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180705150601/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/aerospace/2018-07-04/cfm-confident-leap-production-can-catch-soon |url-status= live }}

It is the second-most ordered jet engine behind the 44-year-old CFM56, which achieved 35,500 orders. Also, on the A320neo, where the engine competes head-to-head with the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G, the LEAP had captured a 59% market share in July 2018. By comparison, the CFM56 had a 60% share of the prior-generation A320ceo market.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-cfm-looks-to-another-leap-forward-at-fa-450029/ |title= CFM looks to another Leap forward at Farnborough |date= 15 July 2018 |author= Stephen Trimble |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 15 July 2018 |archive-date= 15 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180715123154/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-cfm-looks-to-another-leap-forward-at-fa-450029/ |url-status= live }}{{cite news |url= https://leehamnews.com/2018/03/22/ge-cfm-in-lockstep-with-boeing-on-nma/ |title= GE/CFM in "lockstep" with Boeing on NMA |date= 22 March 2018 |work= Leeham News |access-date= 22 March 2018 |archive-date= 10 December 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191210192243/https://leehamnews.com/2018/03/22/ge-cfm-in-lockstep-with-boeing-on-nma/ |url-status= live }}

In 2020, GE Aviation reported that CFM had lost 1,900 orders for LEAP engines worth {{US$|13.9 billion}} ({{US$|{{#expr:13900/1900round1}} million}} each), reducing the backlog value to {{US$|259 billion}}. More than 1,000 cancellations came from Boeing 737 MAX orders being canceled among the Boeing 737 MAX groundings, while the remainder came from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/ge-aviation-lost-1900-leap-orders-in-12-months/143476.article |title= GE Aviation lost 1,900 Leap orders in 12 months |author= Jon Hemmerdinger |date= 27 April 2021 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 28 April 2021 |archive-date= 28 April 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210428053146/https://www.flightglobal.com/ge-aviation-lost-1900-leap-orders-in-12-months/143476.article |url-status= live }}

In May 2025, the United States Department of Commerce paused the export of LEAP engines to COMAC.{{cite web |author1=Zach Vasile |title=U.S. Blocks Sale of CFM Aircraft Engine to China |url=https://www.flyingmag.com/u-s-blocks-sale-of-cfm-aircraft-engine-to-china/ |website=2025-5-30 |publisher=Flying Magazine |accessdate=2025-05-31}}

File:Turbofan CFM Leap at Paris Air Show 2013.jpg

In 2016, the engine was introduced in August on the Airbus A320neo with Pegasus Airlines and CFM delivered 77 LEAP. With the 737 MAX introduction, CFM delivered 257 LEAPs in the first three quarters of 2017, including 110 in the third: 49 to Airbus and 61 to Boeing, and targets 450 in the year. CFM was to produce 1,200 engines in 2018, 1,900 in 2019, and 2,100 in 2020.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/paris-ge-ups-production-target-to-meet-boeing-and-a-438362/ |title= GE ups production target to meet Boeing and Airbus demand |date= 19 June 2017 |work= Flight Global |author= Stephen Trimble |access-date= 19 June 2017 |archive-date= 19 June 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619101616/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/paris-ge-ups-production-target-to-meet-boeing-and-a-438362/ |url-status= live }} This is compared to the 1,700 CFM56 produced in 2016.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-quietly-confident-on-leap-production-ramp-up-431474/ |title= CFM quietly confident on Leap production ramp-up |date= 15 November 2016 |author= Max Kingsley-Jones |work= Flight Global |access-date= 15 November 2016 |archive-date= 15 November 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161115193644/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-quietly-confident-on-leap-production-ramp-up-431474/ |url-status= live }}

To cope with the demand, CFM is duplicating supply sources on 80% of parts and even subdivide assembly sites, already shared between GE and Safran. GE assembles its production in Lafayette, Indiana, US in addition to its previous Durham, North Carolina, US facility. As more than 75% of the engine comes from suppliers, critical parts suppliers pass “run-rate stress tests” lasting two to 12 weeks. Pratt & Whitney acknowledges a production ramp-up bottleneck on its rival PW1100G geared turbofan including a critical shortage of the unique aluminium-titanium fan blade, hitting the Airbus A320neo and the Bombardier CSeries deliveries.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/new-ge-plant-highlights-cfm-ramp-up-strategy-on-leap-431552/ |work= Flight Global |title= New GE plant highlights CFM ramp-up strategy on Leap |date= 16 November 2016 |access-date= 17 November 2016 |archive-date= 17 November 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161117211611/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/new-ge-plant-highlights-cfm-ramp-up-strategy-on-leap-431552/ |url-status= live }} Safran assembles its production in Villaroche, France, Safran and GE each assemble half of the annual volume.{{Cite news|url=http://www.mro-network.com/manufacturing-distribution/cfm-confirms-initial-leap-1a-and-leap-1b-assembly-allocation|title=CFM confirms initial LEAP-1A and LEAP-1B assembly allocation|date=15 December 2016|work=MRO Network|access-date=24 December 2017|archive-date=25 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225034755/http://www.mro-network.com/manufacturing-distribution/cfm-confirms-initial-leap-1a-and-leap-1b-assembly-allocation|url-status=live}} Mecachrome plan to produce 120,000–130,000 LEAP turbine blades in 2018 up from 50,000 in 2017.{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/leap-engine-deliveries-airbus-still-challenging |title= Leap Engine Deliveries To Airbus Still Challenging |date= 15 March 2018 |author= Thierry Dubois |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology |access-date= 23 March 2018 |archive-date= 23 March 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180323175535/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/leap-engine-deliveries-airbus-still-challenging |url-status= live }}

In mid-June 2018, deliveries remained four to five weeks behind schedule, down from six, and should catch up in the fourth quarter as the quality variation of castings and forgings improves. The production has no single manufacturing choke point by selecting multiple suppliers for every critical part.

From 460 in 2017, 1,100 LEAPs should be built in 2018, along with 1,050 CFM56s, as it encountered unexpected sales, to pass the record production of 1,900 engines in 2017. It will stay at over 2,000 engines per year as 1,800 LEAPs should be produced in 2019, while CFM56 production will drop, then 2,000 in 2020. In 2018, 1,118 engines were delivered.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfms-leap-deliveries-doubled-in-2018-amid-supply-ch-455481/ |title= MID SUPPLY CHAIN RECOVERY CFM's Leap deliveries doubled in 2018 amid supply chain recovery |date= 1 February 2019 |author= Jon Hemmerdinger |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 26 October 2019 |archive-date= 26 October 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191026074104/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfms-leap-deliveries-doubled-in-2018-amid-supply-ch-455481/ |url-status= live }}

Over the first half of 2019, CFM revenues were up by 23% to {{€|5.9 billion|link=yes}} with 1,119 engine deliveries; declining sales of CFM56 (258 sold), more than offset by LEAP (861 sold). Recurring operating income rose by 34% to {{€|1.2 billion}}, but was reduced by {{€|107 million}} ({{US$|118 million}}) due to the negative margins and initial costs of LEAP production, before a positive contribution expected in the second half. Revenues should grow by 15% in 2019 but free cash flow depends on the return to service of the grounded 737 MAX.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/leap-production-edges-towards-positive-contribution-460681/ |title= Leap production edges towards positive contribution |date= 5 September 2019 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 5 September 2019 |archive-date= 5 September 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190905125039/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/leap-production-edges-towards-positive-contribution-460681/ |url-status= live }}

In 2019, LEAP production rose to 1,736 engines, and orders and commitments reached 1,968 amid the 737 MAX groundings, compared with 3,211 for 2018, for a stable backlog of 15,614 (compared to 15,620). CFM expects to produce 1,400 LEAP engines in 2020, including an average of 10 weekly LEAP-1Bs for the Boeing 737 Max.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/engines/cfm-to-build-10-737-max-engines-weekly-for-2020/136959.article |title= CFM to build 10 737 Max engines weekly for 2020 |author= David Kaminski-Morrow |date= 27 February 2020 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 27 February 2020 |archive-date= 26 January 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220126161442/https://www.flightglobal.com/engines/cfm-to-build-10-737-max-engines-weekly-for-2020/136959.article |url-status= live }} By March 2022, CFM intended to output 2,000 engines in 2023, up from 845 deliveries in 2021.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/engines/ge-aviation-confident-in-ability-to-double-leap-output-by-2023/147899.article |title= GE Aviation confident in ability to double Leap output by 2023 |author= Jon Hemmerdinger |date= 11 March 2022 |work= FlightGlobal}}

In 2023, CFM booked over 2,500 orders, resulting in a backlog of 10,675, delivered 1,570 Leap engines, up by 38% from 1,136 in 2022, and was expecting 20-25% more deliveries for 2024.

The troubled introduction of the Pratt & Whitney PW1100G on the A320neo has motivated customers to choose LEAP engines. LEAP market share rose from 55% to 60% in 2016, but orders for 1,523 aircraft ({{#expr:1523/(2179+1463+1523)*100round0}}%) had not specified which engine would be chosen. From January through early August 2017, 39 PW1100G engines versus 396 CFM LEAP engines were chosen. By 2024, the LEAP was selected for 75% of the A320neo orders.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/leap-sales-not-threatened-by-gtf-advantage-performance-gain-says-safran-chief/156977.article |title= Leap sales 'not threatened' by GTF Advantage performance gain, says Safran chief |author= Dominic Perry |date= 18 February 2024 |work= FlightGlobal}} As an example of PW1100G reliability issues, 9% of LEAP-powered A320neos were out of service for at least one week in July 2017, compared with 46% of those using the PW1100G.{{cite news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-22/pratt-s-10-billion-jet-engine-lags-ge-by-10-to-1-on-new-orders |title= Pratt's $10 Billion Jet Engine Lags GE by 10-to-1 on New Orders |author= Rick Clough |date= 22 August 2017 |work= Bloomberg |access-date= 23 August 2017 |archive-date= 23 August 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170823162923/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-22/pratt-s-10-billion-jet-engine-lags-ge-by-10-to-1-on-new-orders |url-status= live }}

A contract for the production of components for the low-pressure turbine of the LEAP engine was signed on February 12, 2025, between Safran Aircraft Engines and India's Titan Engineering and Automation Limited. Manufacturing will start from 2026.{{Cite news |date=2025-02-13 |title=Safran selects TEAL for the production of LEAP engine turbine parts in India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/safran-selects-teal-for-the-production-of-leap-engine-turbine-parts-in-india/articleshow/118208343.cms |access-date=2025-02-13 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}} An additional agreement was signed for manufacturing turbine forged parts with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2025-02-13 |title=Aero India 2025{{!}} HAL signs agreement with Safran Aircraft Engines and Collins Aerospace |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/aero-india-2025-hal-signs-agreement-with-safran-aircraft-engines-and-collins-aerospace/article69214090.ece |access-date=2025-02-13 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}

The Boeing 737 MAX LEAP-1B started revenue service in May 2017 with Malindo Air with 8 hours of daily operation, while the A320neo LEAP-1A surpassed 10 hours per day by July. Safran discovered a production quality defect on LEAP-1B low-pressure turbine disks during assembly for possibly 30 engines, and CFM is working to minimize flight-test and customer-delivery disruptions.{{cite news |url= http://www.mro-network.com/engines-engine-systems/issues-newest-engines-provide-early-mro-proving-opportunities |title= Issues With Newest Engines Provide Early MRO-Proving Opportunities |author= Sean Broderick |date= 31 August 2017 |work= Aviation Week Network |access-date= 20 September 2017 |archive-date= 20 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170920142247/http://www.mro-network.com/engines-engine-systems/issues-newest-engines-provide-early-mro-proving-opportunities |url-status= live }}

In early October 2017, an exhaust gas temperature shift was noticed during a flight and a CMC shroud coating in the {{abbr|HP|high-pressure}} turbine was seen flaking off in a borescope inspection, creating a leaking gap: eight in-service engines are seeing their coating replaced.{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-reviews-fleet-after-finding-leap-1a-durability-i-442669/ |title= CFM reviews fleet after finding Leap-1A durability issue |date= 30 October 2017 |author= Stephen Trimble |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 30 October 2017 |archive-date= 30 October 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171030233359/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cfm-reviews-fleet-after-finding-leap-1a-durability-i-442669/ |url-status= live }} Safran provisioned {{€|50 million}} ({{US$|58 million}}) to troubleshoot in-service engines, including potentially LEAP-1Bs.{{cite news |url= http://www.mro-network.com/maintenance-repair-overhaul/safran-reveals-leap-turbine-shroud-coating-issue |title= Safran Reveals Leap Turbine Shroud Coating Issue Issue |author= Sean Broderick |date= 31 October 2017 |work= Aviation Week Network |access-date= 31 October 2017 |archive-date= 31 October 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171031170022/http://www.mro-network.com/maintenance-repair-overhaul/safran-reveals-leap-turbine-shroud-coating-issue |url-status= live }} Forty LEAP-1A were replaced and the part should be replaced in over 500 in-service engines, while shipments are four weeks behind schedule.{{cite news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-05/ge-sees-durability-fix-for-new-jet-engine-in-second-quarter |title= Fix for New Boeing, Airbus Planes |author= Rick Clough and Julie Johnsson |date= 5 March 2018 |agency= Bloomberg |access-date= 6 March 2018 |archive-date= 6 March 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180306202553/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-05/ge-sees-durability-fix-for-new-jet-engine-in-second-quarter |url-status= live }} Deliveries with the permanent CMC environmental-barrier coating fix began in June.{{cite news |url= https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2018-07-17/cfm-fixes-leap-turbine-shroud-coatings |title= CFM Fixes Leap Turbine Shroud Coatings |author= Chris Kjelgaard |date= 17 July 2018 |work= AIN online |access-date= 17 July 2018 |archive-date= 17 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180717183936/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2018-07-17/cfm-fixes-leap-turbine-shroud-coatings |url-status= live }}

{{anchor|SWA 8701}}On 26 March 2019, due to the Boeing 737 MAX groundings, Southwest Airlines flight 8701 (737 MAX 8) took off from Orlando International Airport for a ferry flight to storage without passengers, but soon after problems with one of the engines caused an emergency landing at the same airport. Southwest then inspected 12 LEAP engines, and two other airlines also inspected their engines.{{cite news |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-04-18/airlines-said-to-conduct-engine-checks-on-grounded-boeing-max |title= Airlines to Conduct Engine Checks on Grounded Boeing Max |date= 17 April 2019 |first1= Mary |last1= Schlangenstein |first2= Rick |last2= Clough |first3= Alan |last3= Levin |agency= Bloomberg News |access-date= 4 May 2019 |archive-date= 18 April 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190418211840/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-04-18/airlines-said-to-conduct-engine-checks-on-grounded-boeing-max |url-status= live }} CFM recommended replacing the fuel nozzles more often due to coking, a carbon buildup.{{cite news |url= https://www.mro-network.com/maintenance-repair-overhaul/cfm-monitoring-leap-fleet-issue-linked-southwest-engine-failure |title= CFM Monitoring Leap Fleet For Issue Linked To Southwest Engine Failure |first= Sean |last= Broderick |date= 18 April 2019 |work= Aviation Week Network |access-date= 5 May 2019 |archive-date= 5 May 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190505060847/https://www.mro-network.com/maintenance-repair-overhaul/cfm-monitoring-leap-fleet-issue-linked-southwest-engine-failure |url-status= live }}

File:Airbus A320neo CFM LEAP nacelle.jpg|The LEAP-1A is one of two engine options on the Airbus A320neo family.

File:Boeing 737-9 MAX CFM LEAP-1B PAS.jpg|The LEAP-1B is the exclusive engine option for the Boeing 737 MAX.

File:LEAP-1C (tight crop).png|The LEAP-1C is the exclusive engine option for the Comac C919.

{{Sticky header}}

|-

! Max. continuous thrust

| {{convert|140.96|kN|abbr=on|}} || {{convert|127.62|kN|abbr=on|}} || {{convert|133.22|kN|abbr=on|}}

|-

! Max. rpm

| HP: 19,391
LP: 3,894 || HP: 20,171
LP: 4,586 || HP: 19,391
LP: 3,894

|}

{{notelist}}

{{Aircontent

|see also=

|related=

• CFM International CFM56
• General Electric Passport

|similar engines=

• ACAE CJ-1000A
• Aviadvigatel PD-14
• Pratt & Whitney PW1000G

|lists=

• List of aircraft engines

}}

{{notelist-lr}}

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category}}

• [http://www.cfmaeroengines.com/engines/leap CFM LEAP page]
• [https://www.geaerospace.com/propulsion/commercial/cfm-leap CFM LEAP] on GE Aerospace
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120216170743/http://www.cfm56.com/press/news/cfm+unveils+new+leap-x+engine/441?searchkey=leap-x CFM Unveils New LEAP-X Engine]
• [http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/09/28/332830/cfm-ready-to-advance-leap-x-schedule-opens-way-for.html CFM ready to advance LEAP-X schedule; opens way for 737RE]
• [http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/09/28/332831/a320-re-engine-decision-in-2010.html A320 re-engine decision in 2010]
• [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15571113 Plane makers switch to cleaner engines]

{{Joint development aeroengines}}

Category:High-bypass turbofan engines

Category:2010s turbofan engines

Category:General Electric aircraft engines

Category:Snecma aircraft engines