Cadmium chloride#Crystal structure

{{chembox

|Verifiedfields = changed

|Watchedfields = changed

|verifiedrevid = 448989809

|Name = Cadmium chloride

|ImageFileL1 = Cadmium-chloride-3D-balls.png

|ImageNameL1 = Ball-and-stick model of cadmium chloride

|ImageSizeL1 = 120px

|ImageFileR1 = Cadmium-chloride-3D-polyhedra.png

|ImageNameR1 = Cadmium chloride in polyhedron shape

|ImageSizeR1 = 120px

|ImageFile2 = Cadmium chloride hemipentahydrate.jpg

|ImageName2 = Cadmium chloride hemipentahydrate

|ImageSize2 = 200px

|IUPACName = Cadmium dichloride

|OtherNames = Cadmium(II) chloride

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

|CASNo = 10108-64-2

|CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

|CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

|CASNo1 = 7790-78-5

|CASNo2 = 35658-65-2

|index1_label = (hemipentahydrate)

|index2_label = (monohydrate)

|Beilstein = 3902835

|ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

|ChemSpiderID = 23035

|ChemSpiderID1 = 17339510

|ChemSpiderID2 = 4447434

|DTXSID1 = DTXSID4040183

|ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

|ChEBI = 35456

|KEGG = C15233

|EINECS = 233-296-7

|EC_number1 = 813-696-3

|Gmelin = 912918

|RTECS = EV0175000

|UNNumber = 2570

|PubChem = 24947

|PubChem1 = 24978551

|PubChem2=5284356

|UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

|UNII = J6K4F9V3BA

|UNII1_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

|UNII1 = 2R707SXC9H

|InChI = 1/Cd.2ClH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2

|InChIKey = YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-NUQVWONBAG

|StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

|StdInChI = 1S/Cd.2ClH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2

|StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

|StdInChIKey = YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L

|InChI2=1S/Cd.2ClH.H2O/h;2*1H;1H2/q+2;;;/p-2

|InChIKey2=OISMQLUZKQIKII-UHFFFAOYSA-L

|SMILES2 = O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cd+2]

|SMILES = [Cd+2].[Cl-].[Cl-]

|InChI1=1S/2Cd.4ClH.5H2O/h;;4*1H;5*1H2/q2*+2;;;;;;;;;/p-4

|InChIKey1=DZVRGWYMCGLNKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J

|SMILES1 = O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cd+2].[Cd+2]

}}

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

|Cd=1 | Cl=2

|Appearance = White solid, hygroscopic

|Odor = Odorless

|Density = 4.047 g/cm³ (anhydrous)
3.26 g/cm³ (monohydrate)
3.327 g/cm³ (Hemipentahydrate){{CRC90}}

|Solubility = Hemipentahydrate:
79.5 g/100 mL (−10 °C)
90 g/100 mL (0 °C)
Monohydrate:
119.6 g/100 mL (25 °C)
134.3 g/100 mL (40 °C)
134.2 g/100 mL (60 °C)
147 g/100 mL (100 °C){{cite book|last1 = Seidell|first1 = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1919|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|url = https://archive.org/details/solubilitiesino01seidgoog|publisher = D. Van Nostrand Company|place = New York|edition = 2nd|page = [https://archive.org/details/solubilitiesino01seidgoog/page/n198 169]}}

|SolubleOther = Soluble in alcohol, selenium(IV) oxychloride, benzonitrile
Insoluble in ether, acetone

|MeltingPtC = 568

|MeltingPt_notes =

|BoilingPtC = 964

|BoilingPt_notes =

|Solubility1 = 4.6 g/kg (0 °C)
7.9 g/kg (4 °C)
8.1 g/kg (15 °C)
6.7 g/kg (30 °C)
5 g/kg (100 °C){{cite web |last= Anatolievich |first= Kiper Ruslan |website=chemister.ru |url= http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=75 |title = cadmium chloride |access-date = 2014-06-25}}

|Solvent1 = pyridine

|Solubility2 = 1.3 g/100 g (10 °C)
1.48 g/100 g (20 °C)
1.91 g/100 g (40 °C)
2.53 g/100 g (70 °C)

|Solvent2 = ethanol

|Solubility3 = 18 g/100 g (25 °C)

|Solvent3 = dimethyl sulfoxide

|VaporPressure = 0.01 kPa (471 °C)
0.1 kPa (541 °C)

|Viscosity = 2.31 cP (597 °C)
1.87 cP (687 °C)

|MagSus = −6.87·10⁻⁵ cm³/mol

}}

|Section3={{Chembox Structure

|CrystalStruct = Rhombohedral, hR9 (anhydrous){{cite web|title = Cadmium Chloride - CdCl2|url = http://wwwchem.uwimona.edu.jm/courses/cdcl2J.html|website =chem.uwimona.edu.jm|publisher = The University of the West Indies|place = Mona, Jamaica|access-date = 2014-06-25}}
Monoclinic (hemipentahydrate)

|SpaceGroup = R{{overline|3}}m, No. 166 (anhydrous)

|PointGroup = {{overline|3}} 2/m (anhydrous)

|LattConst_a = 3.846 Å

|LattConst_c = 17.479 Å (anhydrous)

|LattConst_gamma = 120

}}

|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry

|HeatCapacity = 74.7 J/mol·K

|Entropy = 115.3 J/mol·K

|DeltaHf = −391.5 kJ/mol

|DeltaGf = −343.9 kJ/mol

}}

|Section7={{Chembox Hazards

|ExternalSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/c0099.htm External MSDS]

|GHSPictograms = {{GHS06}}{{GHS08}}{{GHS09}}{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=202908|name=Cadmium chloride|accessdate=2014-05-23}}

|GHSSignalWord = Danger

|HPhrases = {{H-phrases|301|330|340|350|360|372|410}}

|PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|260|273|284|301+310|310}}

|NFPA-H = 4

|NFPA-F = 0

|NFPA-R = 0

|LD50 = 94 mg/kg (rats, oral)
60 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
88 mg/kg (rat, oral){{IDLH|7440439|Cadmium compounds (as Cd)}}

|REL = Ca{{PGCH|0087}}

|PEL = [1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m³ (as Cd)

|IDLH = Ca [9 mg/m³ (as Cd)]

}}

|Section8={{Chembox Related

|OtherAnions = Cadmium fluoride
Cadmium bromide
Cadmium iodide

|OtherCations = Zinc chloride
Mercury(II) chloride
Calcium chloride

}}

}}

Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chloride, with the formula CdCl₂. This salt is a hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The crystal structure of cadmium chloride (described below), is a reference for describing other crystal structures. Also known are CdCl₂•H₂O and the hemipentahydrate CdCl₂•2.5H₂O.

==Structure==