California State Route 49

File:CalifSR49AmerMF.JPG North/Middle Fork, as seen from Foresthill Bridge (the SR 49 bridge is not visible)]]

File:SoForkYuba.JPG as it intersects with SR 49]]

File:CA49 Tuolumne County.JPG

File:North end hwy 49.jpg

SR 49 starts at an intersection with SR 41 near Oakhurst. The road heads west before turning north before the town of Ahwahnee near the Wassama Roundhouse State Historic Park. SR 49 continues north, passing through Nipinnswassee before entering Mariposa County and the Sierra National Forest. Continuing to the west, SR 49 passes through Mormon Bar before running concurrently with SR 140 briefly through the town of Mariposa. Near the town of Mount Bullion, SR 49 passes by Mariposa-Yosemite Airport before turning northwest and going through Bear Valley and the intersection with CR J16. The highway passes by the southern edge of Lake McClure and intersects SR 132 in Coulterville before passing into Tuolumne County.

SR 49 continues north through the town of Moccasin, where SR 120 runs concurrently for several miles to the town of Chinese Camp. SR 49 then turns northeast and runs concurrently with SR 108, intersecting CR E5, into the city of Sonora. SR 49 splits from SR 108 and enters downtown Sonora as Stockton Street, turning north onto Washington Street before leaving the Sonora city limits. SR 49 intersects the north end of CR E5 before passing through Tuttletown and crossing into Calaveras County at the bridge over the Stanislaus River.

SR 49 then enters Carson Hill. Passing by New Melones Lake, SR 49 briefly runs concurrently with SR 4 in the city of Angels Camp.

SR 49 continues through Altaville. The highway continues into San Andreas, where SR 12 terminates. SR 49 continues into Mokelumne Hill, where it intersects with SR 26.

SR 49 then passes through Big Bar and across the Mokelumne River, which is located on the county line between Amador County and Calaveras County. SR 49 then runs concurrently with SR 88 briefly through the town of Martell before intersecting the eastern terminus of SR 104. SR 49 then runs west of Sutter Creek and Amador City, via a bypass around those two cities that was constructed in 2009,{{Cite web|url=https://www.mymotherlode.com/news/local/101892/amador-celebrates-new-bypass.html|title = Amador Celebrates New Bypass}}) before reaching Drytown.

SR 49 then intersects the eastern end of SR 16 before passing through the city of Plymouth. The highway continues through Enterprise before crossing into El Dorado County and passing through the towns of Nashville, El Dorado, and Diamond Springs (the latter two as Pleasant Valley Road) before entering Placerville. SR 49 traverses downtown on Pacific Street and Main Street before continuing onto Spring Street, where it intersects the US 50 expressway at-grade before continuing north as Georgetown Road.

As it leaves the Placerville city limits, SR 49 intersects the southern terminus of SR 193 before continuing northwest as Coloma Road into the town of Coloma. In Coloma, the highway intersects with SR 153, a spur route to the Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park. SR 49 then continues through Lotus before turning north at Pilot Hill and intersecting the northern terminus of SR 193 at Cool. SR 49 continues through the Auburn State Recreation Area before crossing into Placer County and entering the city of Auburn as High Street for a very short distance before turning west on Elm Avenue. SR 49 continues onto I-80 west at an interchange for a very short distance until the interchange at exit 119B where SR 49 departs from I-80. SR 49 then continues almost due north out of the Auburn city limits.

SR 49 continues north, crossing into Nevada County and passing through Higgins Corner and Forest Springs. SR 49 becomes a freeway and enters the city of Grass Valley, where it then runs concurrently with SR 20 and interchanges with the northern end of SR 174. The SR 49/SR 20 concurrency continues as a freeway into Nevada City. SR 49 then splits from SR 20 at an at-grade intersection just after the freeway ends heads west out of Nevada City.

SR 49 goes over the South Branch of the Yuba River near the Malakoff Diggins State Historic Park. SR 49 continues through the towns of Sweetland and North San Juan, where it crosses into Yuba County and enters Tahoe National Forest. The route goes through Log Cabin and Camptonville. SR 49 then crosses into Sierra County, where it passes through Goodyears Bar, Downieville, and Sierra City on its forest journey. After passing near Kentucky Mine Historic Park, SR 49 goes through Bassetts and Haskell Creek, then shares a wrong-way concurrency with SR 89 briefly through Sattley and Sierraville. SR 49 then leaves the forest as Loyalton Road, passing through the city of Loyalton and intersecting CR A24 before crossing into Plumas County as Vinton Loyalton Road, where SR 49 ends at SR 70 in the town of Vinton.{{Cite map| publisher=Thomas Brothers| title=California Road Atlas| year=2008}}

SR 49 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System,{{CAFESystem}} and from SR 140 to a point north of SR 88 as well as from I-80 to SR 20 is part of the National Highway System,{{FHWA NHS map|region=californianorth|access-date=October 14, 2017}} a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.{{FHWA NHS}} SR 49 is eligible to be included in the State Scenic Highway System,{{CA scenic}} and from the Sierra-Yuba county line to Yuba Summit is officially designated as a scenic highway by the California Department of Transportation.{{Caltrans scenic|access-date=October 14, 2017}} The segment of SR 49 from SR 20 in Nevada City to SR 89 in Sierraville also forms part of the Yuba-Donner Scenic Byway, a National Forest Scenic Byway.{{cite web |author = Federal Highway Administration |author-link = Federal Highway Administration |date = n.d. |url = http://byways.org/explore/byways/55728/ |title = Yuba-Donner Scenic Byway |work = America's Byways |publisher = Federal Highway Administration |access-date = October 23, 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111023092447/http://byways.org/explore/byways/55728 |archive-date = October 23, 2011 |url-status = dead }}

SR 49 is known as the Golden Chain Highway for the entire route. SR 49 is known as the John C. Begovich Memorial Highway from Jackson to SR 88 (honoring the California legislator and U.S. Marshal), and the Mother Lode Highway from Sonora to Auburn.{{CA Named Freeways | pages=37, 38, 228, 268}}

In its earliest days, the road was unofficially called The Highway of the 49ers.{{cite news | last =Tolbert | first =Jordan | title =How did Highway 49 gets its name? This historic highway connects mining towns through the motherlode. | newspaper =ABC10| location =Sacramento, California | pages = | language = | publisher = | date =April 18, 2024 | url =https://www.abc10.com/article/news/local/highway-49-naming-history/103-c17216ef-0f90-46c8-b7f3-22ce356c1f4a| accessdate =January 11, 2025 }} Beginning in 1919, the Mother Lode Highway Association, a group of locals and historians, lobbied for the creation of a highway to connect many relevant locations to honor the California Gold Rush and the 49ers.{{cite news |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=RDP19221216.2.116&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-------- |newspaper=Riverside Daily Press |volume=XXXVII |number=98 |date= December 16, 1922 |title=Mother Lode Highway Is Boosted By Association}}{{cite sign |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=6876 |title=Archie D. Stevenot "Mr. Mother Lode" |publisher= Golden Chain Council of the Mother Lode and Grand Council of E Clampus Vitus |date=July 23, 1976 |access-date= January 23, 2023 |location = Near Angels Camp, California}}{{cite magazine|url=http://libraryarchives.metro.net/DPGTL/Californiahighways/chpw_1953_janfeb.pdf|magazine= California Highways and Public Works |volume=32 |number=1–2|title=New Bridges - Modern Structures Built on Route Traveled by 49ers |last=Barton |first= Robert M |page=15}} In 1921, the stretch of road from Sonora to Auburn was officially named The Mother Lode Highway. In 1951, the Golden Chain Council of the Mother Lode published a map and tourist guide to the highway, designed and illustrated by Fred Witta, Jr. The publication was called "California's Golden Chain: the Mother Lode Highway (State Highway 49)".{{cite web | url =https://mediacommons.unl.edu/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~262185~5523601:Text-page--California-s-Golden-Chai | title =Text page: California's Golden Chain : the Mother Lode Highway (State Highway 49)

| last = | first = | date = | website =Image and Media Collections | publisher =University of Nebraska Libraries | access-date =January 12, 2025 | quote = }} In 1960, the organization published a revised version of the map and guide under the same title, this time designed and illustrated by William Wintle. This version covered Calaveras, Amador, El Dorado, Placer, Nevada, Sierra, Tuolomne, Mariposa, and Madera counties.{{cite web | url =https://www.tschanzrarebooks.com/pages/books/8820/william-wintle/golden-chain-council-highway-map-of-the-northern-southern-mines-the-mother-lode-california-state | title =Wintle, William: Golden Chain Council: Highway Map of The Northern & Southern Mines, The Mother Lode [California State Highway 49] | last = | first = | date =2025 | website =Tschantz Rare Books | publisher = | access-date =January 11, 2025 | quote =

Traveller remember as you journey through the Mother Lode Country, this district is credited with having built the very foundation of the State's civilization even as it still contributes to the firmness of its industry and character. Welcome to the Golden Chain of Mother Lode Counties. Welcome to the friendliest region in California!}}

Like other California state highways, the California State Automobile Association in Northern California and the Automobile Club of Southern California were initially responsible for posting highway route signs, while the state maintained internal "legislative route numbers". In 1963, the entire highway was officially designated as SR 49 after decades of the state using those two separate number systems.

The Archie Stevenot Bridge, carrying SR 49 over New Melones Lake on the Stanislaus River, was named after Archie Stevenot, founder of the California Chamber of Commerce and officially named "Mr. Mother

Lode" by the California State Legislature.{{CA Named Freeways | pages=346}}

The SR 49 corridor was designed to connect historical locations and landmarks of the California Gold Rush. These include:

;Mariposa County

• Mormon Bar was first mined by veterans of the Mormon Battalion in 1849.{{Cite ohp|id=323|name=Mormon Bar|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Bear Valley, where John C. Frémont operated his Ride Tree and Josephine Mines between 1850 and 1860.{{Cite ohp|id=331|name=Bear Valley|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Coulterville, where George W. Coulter settled in 1850 and established a tent store to supply miners.{{Cite ohp|id=332|name=Coulterville|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}

;Tuolumne County

• Jacksonville was the principal river town in 1850 for miners working along the Tuolumne River. The site has since been inundated by Don Pedro Reservoir.{{Cite ohp|id=419|name=China Camp|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Chinese Camp was the headquarters for stagelines and for several California Chinese mining companies in the 1850s.{{Cite ohp|id=423|name=Chinese Camp|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• The Wells Fargo Express Company Building in Chinese Camp was built in 1849 and was the home of a general merchandise store.{{Cite ohp|id=140|name=Wells Fargo Express Company Building|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Montezuma, a mining town that flourished after a ditch and flume were completed in 1852, bringing in water for placer mining. The town was nearly destroyed by an incendiary fire in 1866.{{Cite ohp|id=122|name=Montezuma|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Jamestown became known as gateway to the Mother Lode and the southern mines. Large quantities of gold were found from nearby Woods Creek.{{Cite ohp|id=431|name=Jamestown|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Tuttletown, named after judge A. A. H. Tuttle who settled there 1848, was an early-day stopping place.{{Cite ohp|id=124|name=Tuttletown|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}

;Calaveras County

• Robinson's Ferry was established in 1848 to ferry passengers and freight across the Stanislaus River.{{Cite ohp|id=276|name=Robinson's Ferry|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• The birthplace of Archie Stevenot, who helped found the California Chamber of Commerce and was officially named "Mr. Mother Lode" by the California legislature in 1961.{{Cite ohp|id=769|name=Birthplace of Archie Stevenot|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Carson Hill was one of the most productive mining areas in California. The largest gold nugget in the state was discovered here in 1854, weighing 195 pounds troy.{{Cite ohp|id=274|name=Carson Hill|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Angels Camp was founded in 1849 and became one of the richest quartz mining sections of the Mother Lode.{{Cite ohp|id=287|name=Angels Camp|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• The Angels Hotel in Angels Camp was originally a canvas tent erected in 1851, replaced by a one-story wooden structure, and then rebuilt with stone in 1855.{{Cite ohp|id=734|name=Angels Hotel|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Altaville was the site of a foundry that was established in 1854. Most of the stamp mills and a large portion of the mining machinery erected in Calaveras and Tuolumne Counties were built at this foundry.{{Cite ohp|id=288|name=Altaville|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• The Prince-Garibaldi Building in Altaville was built in 1852, originally housing a general merchandise business.{{Cite ohp|id=735|name=Prince-Garibaldi Building|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Fourth Crossing became notable in the 1850s for its rich placer ores. The town also served as an important stagecoach and freighting depot, particularly for the southern mines.{{Cite ohp|id=258|name=Fourth Crossing|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• San Andreas was originally established as a mining camp by Mexican gold miners in 1848. The gold uncovered from the town's underground river channels and placer mines contributed to the Union's success during the American Civil War.{{Cite ohp|id=252|name=San Andreas|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Chili Gulch was the richest placer mining section in Calaveras County.{{Cite ohp|id=265|name=Chili Gulch|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Mokelumne Hill was the richest placer mining section of Calaveras County and one of the principal mining towns of California.{{Cite ohp|id=269|name=Mokelumne Hill|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Big Bar, along the Mokelumne River, was mined in 1848.{{Cite web|url=https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=21392|title=California Historical Landmarks in Calaveras County|work=Office of Historic Preservation|publisher=California State Parks|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}

;Amador County

• The Butte Store, built in 1857, is the only structure still standing in Butte City.{{Cite web|url=https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=21390|title=California Historical Landmarks in Amador County|work=Office of Historic Preservation|publisher=California State Parks|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Both Argonaut Mine and adjacent Kennedy Mine were discovered in the 1850s and became the highest-yielding gold mines in the state.{{Cite ohp|id=786|name=Argonaut Mine and Kennedy Mine|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Sutter Creek became a boomtown after quartz gold was discovered in the area in 1851.{{Cite ohp|id=322|name=Sutter Creek|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Drytown, founded in 1848, is Amador County's oldest community, and the first in the county in which gold was discovered.

;El Dorado County

• El Dorado, originally an important camp on the old Carson Trail, become the center of a mining district by 1849-50 and the crossroads for freight and stagecoach lines.{{Cite ohp|id=486|name=El Dorado|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Diamond Springs was among the most gold-rich locations in the region, with its most thriving period in 1851.{{Cite ohp|id=487|name=Diamond Springs Dorado|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Placerville, a gold rush town that also served as a relay station of the Central Overland Pony Express from 1860 to 1861.{{Cite ohp|id=701|name=Placerville|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park, which marks the discovery of gold by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in 1848. Marshall then traveled on Coloma Road to give news of the discovery to John Sutter.{{Cite ohp|id=143|name=Marshall Monument|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}{{Cite ohp|id=530|name=Gold Discovery Site|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}{{Cite ohp|id=748|name=Coloma Road-Coloma|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}

;Placer County

• Auburn developed into an important mining town, trading post, and stage terminal after gold was discovered nearby in 1848.{{Cite ohp|id=404|name=Auburn|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}

;Nevada County

• The former Overland Emigrant Trail, which was used by travelers from points east to the California gold fields, crosses the present day SR 49 near Wolf Creek.{{Cite ohp|id=799|name=Overland Emigrant Trail|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Empire Mine was in constant operation from 1850 to the late 1950s.{{Cite ohp|id=298|name=Empire Mine|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}
• Gold Hill in Grass Valley was the site of one of the first discoveries of quartz gold in California.{{Cite ohp|id=297|name=Site of One of the First Discoveries of Quartz Gold in California|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}

{{CAinttop|exit|post_ref=
{{Caltrans bridgelog|date=July 2007}}California Department of Transportation, [http://traffic-counts.dot.ca.gov/ All Traffic Volumes on CSHS], 2005 and 2006|exit_ref=
California Department of Transportation, California Numbered Exit Uniform System, [http://www.dot.ca.gov/trafficops/exit/docs/20.pdf State Route 20 Freeway Interchanges], Retrieved on 2009-02-05.

}}

{{CAint|exit

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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{{CAint

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|postmile=R2.74

|line=yes

|postmile2=17.83Indicates that the postmile represents the distance along I-80 rather than SR 49.

|pmspan=2

|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|80|dir1=east|location1=Reno|road|Elm Avenue west}}

|notes=Interchange; south end of I-80 overlap; I-80 exit 119C

}}

{{jctplace

|mile=none

|place=South end of freeway on SR 49

}}

{{jctplace

|state=CA

|postmile=17.54

|line=yes

|postmile2=3.21

|pmspan=2

|place=North end of freeway on SR 49

}}

{{CAint

|type=concur

|mile=none

|exit=

|road={{Jct|state=CA|I|80|dir1=west|name1=SR 193 west|city1=Sacramento|road|Grass Valley Highway to Lincoln Way}}

|notes=Interchange; north end of I-80 / SR 193 overlap; Grass Valley Highway is former SR 49 south; I-80 exit 119B

}}

{{CAint

|location=North Auburn

|postmile=6.38

|exit=

|road={{Jct|extra=}}{{Jct|state=CA|road|Bell Road|I|80|to2=yes|location1=Auburn Municipal Airport|location2=Reno|city3=Sacramento}}

}}

{{jctbridge|exit

|state=CA

|river=Bear River

|postmile=11.37

|line=yes

|postmile2=0.00

|bridge=Bear River Bridge

}}

{{CAint|exit

|county=Nevada

|cspan=14

|county_note=NEV 0.00-R32.64

|location=Grass Valley

|lspan=8

|postmile=R13.66

|pmspan=2

|place=South end of freeway

}}

{{CAint|exit

|mile=none

|exit=—

|road=McKnight Way / South Auburn Street

|notes=

}}

{{CAint|exit

|type=concur

|postmile=R14.48

|line=yes

|postmile2=R12.30Indicates that the postmile represents the distance along SR 20 rather than SR 49.

|exit=—

|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|20|dir1=west|city1=Marysville|road|Empire Street}}

|notes=South end of SR 20 overlap

}}

{{CAint|exit

|postmile=R12.92

|exit=182A

|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|174|city1=Colfax|city2=Grass Valley}}

|notes=Exit numbers based on SR 20 mileage; northern terminus of SR 174

}}

{{CAint|exit

|postmile=R13.61

|pmspan=2

|exit=182B

|espan=2

|road=Idaho Maryland Road

|notes=Northbound signage

}}

{{CAint

|mile=none

|road=East Main Street

|notes=Southbound signage

}}

{{CAint|exit

|postmile=R14.27

|exit=183A

|road=Dorsey Drive

|notes=

}}

{{CAint|exit

|postmile=R14.80

|exit=183B

|road=Brunswick Road

|notes=

}}

{{CAint|exit

|location=Nevada City

|lspan=6

|postmile=R15.92

|exit=185A

|road=Gold Flat Road / Ridge Road

|notes=Signed as exit 185 southbound

}}

{{CAint|exit

|type=incomplete

|postmile=R16.74

|exit=185B

|road=Sacramento Street – Nevada City

|notes=Northbound exit and southbound entrance

}}

{{CAint|exit

|espan=2

|type=incomplete

|postmile=R16.99

|exit=186

|road=Broad Street

|notes=Northbound exit and southbound entrance

}}

{{CAint

|type=incomplete

|postmile=R17.24

|pmspan=2

|road=Coyote Street – Historical District

|notes=No northbound exit

}}

{{CAint|exit

|mile=none

|place=North end of freeway

}}

{{CAint|exit

|type=concur

|postmile=R17.40

|line=yes

|postmile2=15.06

|exit=

|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|20|dir1=east|city1=Truckee|road|Uren Street}}

|notes=North end of SR 20 overlap

}}

{{Jctplace|exit

|state=CA

|river=Yuba River

|postmile=R32.64

|line=yes

|postmile2=0.00

|place=Yuba River Bridge

}}

{{CAint|exit

|county=Yuba

|county_note=YUB 0.00-9.37

|location=none

|postmile=3.59

|exit=

|road={{Jct|state=CA|CR|E20|name1=Marysville Road|city1=Dobbins}}

|notes=Eastern terminus of CR E20; serves Bullards Bar Reservoir

}}

{{Jctplace|exit

|state=CA

|county=Sierra

|cspan=5

|county_note=SIE 0.00-64.05

|location=none

|postmile=41.19

|place=Yuba Pass, elevation {{Convert|6701|ft}}{{cite web|publisher=California Department of Transportation|title=Elevation and Location of Summits and Passes in California|url=http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tsip/data_library/archives/summit.xls|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301032752/http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tsip/data_library/archives/summit.xls|archivedate=March 1, 2017}}

}}

{{CAint|exit

|location=none

|type=concur

|postmile=47.44

|line=yes

|postmile2=19.96Indicates that the postmile represents the distance along SR 89 rather than SR 49.

|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|89|dir1=north|city1=Calpine|city2=Graeagle|city3=Blairsden|city4=Quincy}}

|notes=West end of SR 89 overlap

}}

{{CAint|exit

|location=Sattley

|postmile=19.05

|road={{Jct|state=CA|CR|A23|name1=Westside Road|city1=Beckwourth|city2=Portola}}

|notes=Southern terminus of CR A23

}}

{{CAint|exit

|location=Sierraville

|type=concur

|postmile=15.06

|line=yes

|postmile2=47.45

|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|89|dir1=south|name1=Lincoln Street|city1=Truckee}}

|notes=East end of SR 89 overlap

}}

{{CAint|exit

|location=Loyalton

|postmile=60.65

|road={{Jct|state=CA|CR|A24|name1=Third Street}}

|notes=Southern terminus of CR A24

}}

{{CAint|exit

|county=Plumas

|county_note=PLU 0.00-7.50

|location=Vinton

|postmile=7.50

|exit=

|road={{Jct|state=CA|SR|70|city1=Beckwourth|city2=Quincy|location3=Reno}}

|notes=Northern terminus; former SR 24 / US 40 Alt.

}}

{{Jctbtm|col=6|keys=concur,incomplete}}

{{Reflist|group="N"}}

• {{portal-inline|California Roads}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Commons category|California State Route 49|
California State Route 49}}

{{Attached KML|display=inline,title}}

{{CASR external links|SR|49}}

• [http://www.aaroads.com/california/ca-049.html WestCoast Roads- State Route 49]
• [http://www.cahighways.org/049-056.html#049 California Highways: SR 49]
• [http://www.historichwy49.com/ History Highway 49]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090226035708/http://angelscampweather.org/ Weather on Highway 49 in Angels Camp, CA]

{{Authority control}}

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Category:Sierra Nevada (United States)

Category:Gold rush trails and roads