Callanish X
{{Short description|Archaeological site in Outer Hebrides, Scotland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox ancient site
| name = Callanish X
| native_name = Druim Nan Eun
| alternate_name =
| image = Calanais-Callanish X, Cnoc a' Charnain Mhòr, Isle of Lewis - geograph.org.uk - 5029845.jpg
| alt =
| caption = The collapsed stones in 2016
| map_type = Scotland
| map_caption = Location in Scotland, United Kingdom
| location = Lewis, Scotland, United Kingdom
| coordinates = {{coord|58.203860|-6.716981|display=inline,title}}
| type = Standing stones
| material = Stone
| built = {{circa|2750 BC}}
| epochs = Neolithic, Bronze Age
}}
Callanish X (also known as "Na Dromannan" and "Druim Nan Eun") is the collapsed remains of a stone circle. It is one of many megalithic structures around the more well-known and larger Calanais I on the west coast of the isle of Lewis, in the Western Isles of the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The fallen stones lie on the summit of the rocky ridge, Druim nan Eun.
Description
The stones were examined from 2003–2006 in an excavation involving the removal of the covering layer of peat.{{Canmore |num=4172 |desc=Lewis, Druim Nan Eum |access-date=10 September 2024}} These excavations revealed that the circle had comprised a ring of 17 stones, of which two are missing and the remaining 15 have fallen over. Within the central area are another five fallen stones which formed an inner circle.
There is also an outlying stone which stood to the north and two stones which stood to the south. The two southern stones, together with two naturally-positioned erratic stones, appear to have formed a short entranceway, or avenue, leading upslope from the south.
The stones at Callanish X had been erected on bare rock, where it was impossible to dig pits or sockets in the tough bedrock.{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927172824/http://web.onetel.net.uk/~breasclete/Circle_Page.html|title=Calanais Excavations—Na Dromannan|author=Colin Richards}} Hence the stones had been held in place by jamming smaller stones around their bases. This was inadequate to hold them long term, and most of the monoliths had fallen after "several hundred years".
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://web.onetel.net.uk/~breasclete/Circle_Page.html Calanais Excavations - Na Dromannan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927172824/http://web.onetel.net.uk/~breasclete/Circle_Page.html |date=2007-09-27 }}
{{Prehistoric Western Isles}}
{{European Standing Stones}}
Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 3rd millennium BC