CasaPound
{{Short description|Italian neo-fascist organization founded in 2003}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = CasaPound
| native_name =
| colorcode = {{party color|CasaPound}}
| logo = CasaPound Italia.png
| leader1_title = President
| leader1_name = Gianluca Iannone
| leader2_title = Secretary
| leader2_name =
| foundation = {{start date|df=y|2003|12|26}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fascinazione.info/2016/12/26-dicembre-2003-nel-cuore-di-roma.html|title=26 Dicembre 2003: Nel Cuore Di Roma Nasce CasaPound|author=Giuseppe Parente|website=FascinAzione|date=26 December 2016}}
| headquarters =
| split = Tricolour Flame
| youth_wing = Students' Block
| membership_year = 2017
| ideology = {{nowrap|Neo-fascism{{cite journal |author-last=Upchurch |author-first=H. E. |date=22 December 2021 |url=https://ctc.usma.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CTC-SENTINEL-102021.pdf |title=The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the "Skull Mask" Neo-Fascist Network |url-status=live |editor1-last=Cruickshank |editor1-first=Paul |editor2-last=Hummel |editor2-first=Kristina |journal=CTC Sentinel |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=27–37 |publisher=Combating Terrorism Center |location=West Point, New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227044425/https://ctc.usma.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CTC-SENTINEL-102021.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2021 |access-date=19 January 2022}}{{cite book|url=http://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/28683/CasaPound_2013_PUBLISHED_VERSION.pdf?sequence=2|title=The appeal of neo-fascism in times of crisis. The experience of CasaPound Italia|author1=Pietro Castelli Gattinara|author2=Caterina Froio|author3=Matteo Albanese|publisher=. Journal of Comparative Fascist Studies|date=2013}}
Italian nationalism{{Cite web|url=https://www.globalproject.info/it/in_movimento/reggio-emilia-contro-ogni-nazionalismo-per-uneuropa-di-diritti-e-dignita/15574|title=Reggio Emilia - Contro ogni nazionalismo, per un'Europa di diritti e dignità|website=Global Project}}
Hard Euroscepticism{{Cite web|url=https://www.casapounditalia.org/2014/03/intervista-simone-di-stefano-sullunione.html|title=Intervista a Simone Di Stefano sull'Unione Europea|access-date=6 February 2019|archive-date=25 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190425075211/https://www.casapounditalia.org/2014/03/intervista-simone-di-stefano-sullunione.html|url-status=dead}}
Souverainism{{cite news|url=http://www.genova24.it/2017/09/estrema-destra-parlano-militanti-della-superba-neofascisti-termine-riduttivo-sovranisti-guardiamo-al-futuro-185878/|title=Estrema destra, parlano i militanti della Superba: "Neofascisti? Termine riduttivo, siamo sovranisti e guardiamo al futuro"|author=Katia Bonchi|newspaper=Genova24|date=14 September 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.dagospia.com/rubrica-3/politica/fascisteria-de-rsquo-noantri-ldquo-casa-pound-rdquo-ldquo-forza-149924.htm|title=I movimenti di Ultradestra provano a rifarsi il look come "sovranisti" (E qualcuno li vota...)|author=Antonio Rapisarda|website=Dagospia|date=14 June 2017}}
Anti-capitalism{{Cite book|language=fr|author1=Jean-Yves Camus|author2=Nicolas Lebourg|title=Les Droites extrêmes en Europe|date=5 November 2015|publisher=Editions du Seuil |isbn=9782021176520|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JgTICgAAQBAJ&q=anticapitaliste&pg=PT115}}}}
Laicism{{cite web |title=Casapound e i fascisti del terzo millennio |url=https://www.ilpost.it/stefanonazzi/2011/12/14/casapound-e-i-fascisti-del-terzo-millennio/ |website=Il Post |date=14 December 2011 |access-date=14 December 2011}}{{cite web |title=EMILIA ROMAGNA Referendum, Casapound con Sel e 5 Stelle: "Vogliamo una scuola pubblica e laica" |url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2013/05/10/referendum-casapound-con-sel-e-5-stelle-vogliamo-scuola-pubblica-e-laica/589933/ |website=Il Fatto Quotidiano |date=10 May 2013 |access-date=10 May 2013}}
| position = Far-right{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-italy-farright/italys-far-right-makes-inroads-locally-as-nation-frets-about-fascism-idUKKBN1DK1WQ|title=Italy's far-right makes inroads locally as nation frets about fascism|first=Isla|last=Binnie|access-date=20 September 2018|newspaper=Reuters|date=20 November 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ansa.it/english/news/general_news/2018/03/01/far-right-casapound-activist-attacked-3_3bb77bd8-725c-49cd-a331-0cc0b450966a.html|title=Far-right CasaPound activist 'attacked' (3) - English|date=1 March 2018|access-date=20 September 2018}}{{cite web|url=http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/news/english/987626/++-far-right-casapound-activist-attacked-in-livorno-++.html|title=++ Far-right CasaPound activist 'attacked in Livorno' ++|access-date=20 September 2018}}{{cite web|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/929048/italy-news-italian-election-bomb-casapound-trento|title=Anti-fascists BOMB far-right party headquarters as tensions rise after Italy election|first=Joey|last=Millar|date=8 March 2018|access-date=20 September 2018}}
| national =
| european =
| international =
| flag = File:Flag of CasaPound.svg
| website = {{Official URL}}
| country = Italy
}}
CasaPound Italia (abbr. CPI; "House of [Ezra] Pound") is an Italian neo-fascist movement. It was formerly a political party, born as a network of far-right social centres arising from the occupation of a state-owned building by squatters in the neighborhood of Esquilino in Rome on 26 December 2003. Subsequently, CasaPound spread with other instances of squatting, demonstrations and various initiatives, becoming a political movement.
As such, in June 2008, CasaPound therefore constituted an "association of social promotion", and assumed its current name CasaPound Italia – CPI; the party's symbol is the "Arrowed Turtle".{{cite web|url=http://www.casapounditalia.org/p/il-simbolo.html?m=1|title=Il Simbolo|website=www.casapounditalia.org|access-date=20 September 2018|archive-date=21 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921034747/https://www.casapounditalia.org/p/il-simbolo.html?m=1|url-status=dead}} On 26 June 2019, CasaPound's leader Gianluca Iannone announced CasaPound's existence as a political party had ended, going back to its original status as a social movement.{{Cite web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2019/06/27/news/casapound_torna_movimento_iannone-229739363/|title = Casapound, Iannone: "Finita esperienza di partito, torniamo movimento"|date = 27 June 2019}}
History
image:CasaPound.JPG (2010)]]
The first occupation made using the name CasaPound was on 26 December 2003 in Rome, by a group of young people referring to the ONC/OSA area (an acronym for "Non-Compliant Occupations and Occupations with a Housing Purpose"), and coming from previous experience of CasaMontag (named after Guy Montag) at the gates of Rome. The building, a state-owned building via Napoleone III, later has been used as the national headquarters of the movement and the association. In 2010, 23 families and a total of 82 people lived in CasaPound-occupied building.{{in lang|it}} Mario Bernardi Guardi, [http://www.iltempo.it/2010/10/22/1211007-mario_bernardi_guardi.shtml?refresh_ce "Sono fascisti i ragazzi di Casa Pound e del Blocco Studentesco? È da qualche anno che politici, giornalisti, sociologi si pongono la domanda ed è da qualche anno che non riescono a dare e a darsi una risposta convincente,"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120804135310/http://www.iltempo.it/2010/10/22/1211007-mario_bernardi_guardi.shtml?refresh_ce |date=4 August 2012 }} Il Tempo (22 October 2010). Retrieved 14 December 2013.
Previously, CasaPound was associated with Tricolour Flame until 2008{{cite web|url=http://www.casapounditalia.org/p/la-storia.html|title=CasaPound Italia - La storia|language=it|access-date=12 November 2017|archive-date=11 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111044725/http://www.casapounditalia.org/p/la-storia.html|url-status=dead}} but now has its movement, CasaPound Italy, extending all over Italy with many social centres. While CPI does not recognize the classic definitions of right and left,{{in lang|it}} [http://www.ideodromocasapound.org/?p=674 "Manifesto dell’Estremocentroalto"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531102414/http://www.ideodromocasapound.org/?p=674 |date=31 May 2013 }} (18 October 2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013. it is commonly placed in the category of the political groups and movements of the Italian radical right. Casapound is generally self-defined by its followers as Third Position, however.{{Cite news|url=http://www.ilgiornale.it/news/basta-destra-e-sinistra-meglio-etica-epica-ed-estetica.html|title="Basta con destra e sinistra Meglio etica, epica ed estetica"|work=ilGiornale.it|access-date=3 March 2018|language=it}}
In 2011 it was estimated that CasaPound Italy had 5,000 members, while in 2017 they reached 6,000.Tom Kington, [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/nov/06/italy-fascists-true-mussolini-ideology "Italy's fascists stay true to Mussolini's ideology],"The Guardian (6 November 2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013. On 13 November 2017, Simone Di Stefano was elected secretary and nominal prime ministerial candidate for the 2018 general election,{{cite web|url=http://www.casapounditalia.org/2017/11/elezioni-di-stefano-diventa-il.html|title=Elezioni: Di Stefano diventa il segretario di CasaPound e lancia il programma per le politiche|website=www.casapounditalia.org|access-date=20 September 2018|archive-date=21 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921074258/https://www.casapounditalia.org/2017/11/elezioni-di-stefano-diventa-il.html|url-status=dead}} although the party subsequently formally stated that it hoped Northern League leader Matteo Salvini would become the prime minister.{{cite news|work=The Daily Telegraph|title=Fascists throw support behind hard-Right party in Silvio Berlusconi's alliance ahead of Italian election|date=26 February 2018|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/26/fascists-throw-support-behind-hard-right-party-silvio-berlusconis/}}
To participate in the 2019 European Parliament election in Italy, an electoral joint list was formed by CasaPound together with United Right.{{Cite web|url=http://www.affaritaliani.it/politica/elezioni-europee-2019-casapound-in-lizza-con-le-destre-unite-598085.html|title=Elezioni Europee 2019: CasaPound in lizza con Destre Unite|website=Affaritaliani.it|date=7 April 2019 }} CasaPound leader Simone Di Stefano topped the coalition's list however the coalition was unable to win any seats in the European Parliament.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rerumromanarum.com/2019/04/casapound-italia-destre-unite-i.html|title=CasaPound Italia - Destre Unite - I candidati - Speciale Europee 2019}} On 26 June 2019, CasaPound's Iannone announced CasaPound's existence as a political party had ended, going back to its original status as a social movement.
During the 2022 Italian general election, CasaPound supported Italexit, which had a candidate list that included CasaPound members.{{cite web | url=https://www.affaritaliani.it/politica/casapound-paragone-811270.html | title=CasaPound si schiera con Paragone. Attacca la svolta moderata di Meloni | date=15 August 2022 }}{{cite web | url=https://www.lastampa.it/politica/2022/08/21/news/carlotta_chiaraluce_da_casapound_a_italexit_portero_gli_stessi_valori_in_parlamento-6985920/ | title=Carlotta Chiaraluce, da CasaPound a Italexit: "Porterò gli stessi valori in Parlamento" | date=21 August 2022 }}
Ideology
{{Neo-fascism}}
One feature of this movement, according to sociologist Emanuele Toscano, is to present a different interpretation of fascism aimed at overcoming the dichotomy of right-left.Emanuele Toscano & Daniele Di Nunzio [http://isa2010.aimit.se/146470/Paper "Can We Still Speak about Extreme Right Movements? Casapound in Italy between Community and Subjectivation Drives,"] XVII World Congress of Sociology (14 July 2010). Retrieved 14 December 2013. The political position of CasaPound is based on the fascist Third Position, defined as "extreme-upper-centre" by the movement itself.{{cite news|url=http://www.ilgiornale.it/news/basta-destra-e-sinistra-meglio-etica-epica-ed-estetica.html|title=Basta con destra e sinistra Meglio etica, epica ed estetica|newspaper=il Giornale|date=10 April 2009}}
The name, inspired by the poet Ezra Pound, refers to his Cantos against usury, criticisms of the economic positions of both capitalism and Marxism and his cooperation with the Italian Social Republic. It also gives particular attention to the Manifesto of Verona, the Labour Charter of 1927 and the social legislation of fascism.{{cite news|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2017/06/21/saluti-romani-e-un-tocco-di-glamour-ecco-la-casapound10.html|title=Saluti romani e un tocco di glamour ecco la nuova strategia di CasaPound|author=Paolo Berizzi|newspaper=la Repubblica|date=21 June 2017}} There has been collaboration with the identitarian movement which propagates a white, Christian Europe.Eleonora Vio, [http://www.dagospia.com/rubrica-3/politica/arrivano-nazi-pop-austria-movimento-ultradestra-identitare-129453.htm "Arrivano i Nazi-Pop"], dagospia.com, 26 July 2016. The movement also praises the legacy of far-left figures, like Che Guevara{{cite news|url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2017/10/17/casapound-e-la-volta-di-porro-scontro-su-che-guevara-per-voi-e-un-modello-ma-a-me-ha-rotto-le-palle-tutta-linfanzia/3918323/|title=Casapound, è la volta di Porro. Scontro su Che Guevara: "Per voi è un modello, ma a me ha rotto le palle per tutta l'infanzia"|author=Angela Gennaro|publisher=il Fatto Quotidiano|date=17 October 2017}} and Hugo Chávez.{{cite news|url=http://www.blitzquotidiano.it/foto-notizie/patria-socialismo-muerte-casa-pound-ricorda-chavez-striscioni-50-citta-1499402/|title="Patria, socialismo o muerte". Casa Pound ricorda Chavez: striscioni in 50 città|publisher=Blitz|date=11 March 2013}}
On social and domestic issues, CasaPound has a strong anti-immigration stance,{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/nov/06/italy-fascists-true-mussolini-ideology|title=Italy's fascists stay true to Mussolini's ideology|author=Tom Kington|newspaper=The Guardian|date=6 November 2011}} but lacks homogeneity on other themes. In January 2016, many members of the movement participated in Family Day, supporting the traditional family idea.{{cite news|url=http://www.corriere.it/politica/16_gennaio_27/al-family-day-anche-casa-pound-organizzatori-non-li-vogliamo-76493046-c464-11e5-8e0c-7baf441d5d56.shtml|title=Al Family day anche Casa Pound. Gli organizzatori: non li vogliamo|author=Alessandro Trocino|newspaper=Corriere della Sera|date=26 January 2016}} In 2017, the establishment of CasaPound expressed support for same-sex civil unions,{{cite web |title=Fvg Pride, Casapound Trieste: "Pagliacciata folkoristica, ma non siamo omofobi" |url=https://www.triestecafe.it/it/news/magazine/fvg-pride-casapound-trieste-pagliacciata-folkoristica-ma-non-siamo-omofobi-20-gennaio-2019.html |website=Trieste Cafe |access-date=20 January 2019}} advance directives and improvement of the welfare state.{{cite news|url=http://espresso.repubblica.it/palazzo/2012/02/08/news/roma-casapound-spiazza-tutti-1.40175|title=Roma, Casapound spiazza tutti|author=Alessandro Capriccioli|magazine=l'Espresso|date=8 February 2012}}{{cite web|url=http://www.affaritaliani.it/politica/casa-pound-sondaggi-elezioni-ostia-m5s-parlamento-fascismo-matrimoni-gay-506547.html?refresh_ce|title=M5s già vecchio: CasaPound è la novità che aspira a entrare in Parlamento|author=Marco Zonetti|website=Affari Italiani.it|date=26 October 2017}} The party supports abortion rights.{{cite web |title=Casapound, il rassicurante fascista da salotto |url=https://lanuovabq.it/it/casapound-il-rassicurante-fascista-da-salotto |website=La Nuova Bussola Quotidiana |access-date=11 January 2018}} Some activists of the movement expressed antisemitic and xenophobic rhetoric online,{{cite book|url=http://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/26448/477a_Populism_Italy_web.pdf|title=Populism in Europe: CasaPound|author1=Jamie Bartlett|author2=Jonathan Birdwell|author3=Caterina Froio|publisher=Demos|date=2012}} but CasaPound both refuses and expels members who support these ideas.{{cite news|url=http://www.fascinazione.info/2013/01/casapound-mette-alla-porta-i-militanti.html|title=CasaPound mette alla porta i militanti che non rifiutano antisemitismo e razzismo|newspaper=FascinAzione|date=24 January 2013}}
On foreign policy, CasaPound is critical of the European Union, instead supporting a communitarian-nationalist Europe.{{cite news|url=http://www.liberoquotidiano.it/news/politica/11710331/Casapound--l-intervista-a-Gianluca.html|title=Casapound, l'intervista a Gianluca Iannone: "Il nostro nemico comune è questa Unione Europea"|newspaper=Libero|date=21 October 2014}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iX6KAVV4MFEC&q=casapound+europeismo&pg=PA13|title=Dentro e fuori CasaPound: capire il fascismo del terzo millennio|author1=Daniele Di Nunzio|author2=Emanuele Toscano|publisher=Armando Editore|date=2011|isbn=9788860819260}} The Movement was originally both anti-American{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HpUXx1lNSAgC&q=casapound+antiamericani&pg=PT33|title=L'orda nera|author1=Antonella Grippo|author2=Giovanni Fasanella|publisher=Bur|date=2009|isbn=9788858650455}}{{cite news|url=https://www.questotrentino.it/articolo/12209/una_nuova_destra_giovane_e_confusa.htm|title=Una nuova destra, giovane e confusa|author1=Luca Facchini|author2=Alberto Gianera|newspaper=QuestoTrentino|date=2 July 2011}} and anti-Zionist,{{cite news|url=http://www.iltempo.it/politica/2014/01/29/gallery/saremo-pure-antisionisti-ma-non-spediamo-teste-di-maiale-925009/|title=Saremo pure antisionisti ma non spediamo teste di maiale|newspaper=Il Tempo|date=29 January 2014}} and started a cooperation with the Lebanese anti-imperialist, anti-Zionist, Shia Islamist party Hezbollah in 2015.{{cite news|url=http://roma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2015/09/20/news/roma_convegno_mediterraneo_solidale_iniziativa_fascio-islamica-123310960/|title=Roma, la strana coppia Hezbollah-Casapound insieme al convegno|author=Corrado Zunino|newspaper=la Repubblica|date=20 September 2015}} However, Di Stefano later said, "We do not have problems with Israel".{{cite book|title=The Identitarians|first= José|last=Pedro Zúquete|year=2018|quote="We are not racists, we are not anti-Semitic, we do not have problems with Israel," said Simone Di Stefano, CasaPound's vice president, when its then-political ally Matteo Salvini was denied entry into Israel on the purported basis of his CasaPound connection.}} In 2018, Di Stefano defended Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's policies regarding the repatriation of illegal immigrants to Africa as "undoubtedly excellent", and criticised humanitarian organisations and the United Nations for intervening to prevent them.{{cite news|work=Lo Speciale|title=Israele-migranti, per Di Stefano (CasaPound): "E' colpa delle Ong"|date=3 April 2018|url=https://www.lospecialegiornale.it/2018/04/03/migranti-israele-casapound/}} After the end of Di Stefano's leadership of CasaPound, it reverted to a strongly pro-Palestine stance in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.{{Cite journal |last=Kenes |first=Bulent |date=2021-06-18 |title=CasaPound Italy: The Sui Generis Fascists of the New Millennium |url=https://www.populismstudies.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Raport-Series-5-1.pdf |journal=ECPS Organisation Profile Series |publisher=European Center for Populism Studies |publication-date=2021-06-18 |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=31}}{{Cite web |last=Berizzi |first=Paolo |date=2023-10-10 |title=Da Forza Nuova a Do.Ra, i neofascisti si schierano con i terroristi: "Hamas vuole una Palestina come la Svizzera" |trans-title=From Forza Nuova to Do.Ra, neo-fascists side with terrorists: 'Hamas wants a Palestine like Switzerland' |url=https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2023/10/10/news/forza_nuova_dora_pro_hamas_palestina-417422469/ |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=la Repubblica |language=it}}
Di Stefano has expressed support for U.S. President Donald Trump but requested that he close U.S. military bases in Italy.{{cite news|work=Libero|title=CasaPound, l'orgoglio di Di Stefano: "Siamo fascisti, ammiro Putin"|date=16 November 2017|url=https://www.liberoquotidiano.it/news/politica/13280561/casapound-simone-di-stefano-siamo-fascisti-stimiamo-putin-trump-razzismo-immigrazione-euro-.html}}
Although leader Di Stefano has maintained outspoken support for Russian President Vladimir Putin, CasaPound has always taken a pro-Ukraine stance, being closely linked with the nationalist organization Right Sector, with members fighting among the ranks of the Azov Battalion and Misanthropic Division.{{cite web|title=Misanthropic Division |url=https://www.foiaresearch.net/organization/misanthropic-division |website=FOIA Research}} This positions the organization as opposed to its neo-fascist rival New Force, which although a former Italian ally of the Ukrainian party Svoboda, it has, since 2014, taken a pro-Russian stance in the conflict and sent fighters to Donbas.{{Cite web |last=Stefanini |first=Maurizio |title=Il tormento della destra italiana, divisa tra i pro e i contro Putin |trans-title=The torment of the Italian right, divided between pro- and anti-Putin |url=https://www.linkiesta.it/2022/02/salvini-meloni-forza-nuova-putin/ |website=Linkiesta |language=it}} According to the Italian edition of the HuffPost, members of CasaPound went to fight in Ukraine, among them Francesco Saverio Fontana, who enlisted in the Azov Battalion.{{Cite web |date=2022-03-01 |title=Questa volta il derby nero si gioca sulla guerra: CasaPound è per l'Ucraina, Forza Nuova per la Russia |trans-title=This time the black derby is about war: CasaPound is for Ukraine, Forza Nuova is for Russia |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.it/politica/2022/03/01/news/casapound_ucraina_forza_nuova_russia-8868053/ |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=HuffPost Italia |language=it}}
Activities
File:Manifestazione Napoli 2011.jpg.]]
The social centre has its musical band, Zetazeroalfa, an association of civil protection and promotes sports (hiking, parachuting, diving and other disciplines), union activities, and recreational activities, including a theater company, web radio, web television and a monthly magazine.
CasaPound has promoted initiatives outside the Italian territory through its non-profit organization Solidarité Identités.{{Cite web |url=http://www.solidarite-identites.org/ |title=Solidarité Identites |access-date=18 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204005140/http://www.solidarite-identites.org/ |archive-date=4 February 2013 |url-status=dead }} The activities of the movement have been the subject of attention by some foreign media.{{in lang|de}} Giulia Basile, [http://www.3sat.de/page/?source=/kulturzeit/themen/152484/index.html "Mussolinis Enkel. "Casa Pounds" rechte Jugendzentren in Italien,"] 3sat.de (07.03.2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013.{{cite news|url=https://www.svoboda.org/a/2311033.html|title=Муссолини вместо Берлускони?|website=Радио Свобода|date=16 February 2011 |last1=Гнетий |first1=Всеволод }}
From the period of activity of the first social centre then were organized and cultural meetings with several guests, including writer Nicolai Lilin,{{in lang|it}} Spadaccino Maria Rosaria, [http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2009/settembre/10/Nicolai_Lilin_Andare_CasaPound_dovere_co_9_090910075.shtml "Nicolai Lilin: «Andare a CasaPound è un dovere»,"] Corriere della Sera (10 September 2009). Retrieved 14 December 2013. the LGBT deputy Paola Concia,{{cite web|url=http://www.altroquotidiano.it/?p=13651|title=++ Carabinieri e Gdf a Roma negli uffici della Consip ++ – L'altroquotidiano.it|website=www.altroquotidiano.it}} an ex-Red Brigades Valerio Morucci,{{in lang|it}} [http://www.unita.it/italia/morucci-a-casapound-folla-lo-applaude-nemici-ma-senza-discriminazione-1.26961 "Morucci a Casapound: folla lo applaude, nemici ma senza discriminazione,"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116104813/http://www.unita.it/italia/morucci-a-casapound-folla-lo-applaude-nemici-ma-senza-discriminazione-1.26961 |date=16 November 2012 }} L'Unita (6 February 2009). Retrieved 14 December 2013. and the Chinese community.{{in lang|it}} Ilaria Misantoni, [http://www.teverenotizie.it/conferenza-tra-casapound-e-comunita-cinese-di-roma-del-19-dicembre-2011,A1,2619.html "CasaPound incontra la comunità cinese,"] (20 December 2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013.
The main CasaPound political proposal is the so-called Mutuo Sociale (Social Mortgage),{{Cite web|url=http://www.mutuosociale.org/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050501180628/http://www.mutuosociale.org/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=1 May 2005|title=Mutuo Sociale|website=www.mutuosociale.org}} as a response to the problem of housing which, according to official data, involving approximately 23,000 households throughout Italy. In October 2011, the Lazio Region officially approved it within its "House Plan".{{Cite web|url=http://www.regione.lazio.it/rl_main/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120911134837/http://www.regione.lazio.it/consiglioweb/dettaglio_comunicati.php?vms=172&vmf=&id=2165|url-status=dead|title=Sito ufficiale della Regione Lazio - Home Page|website=www.regione.lazio.it|access-date=13 March 2019|archive-date=11 September 2012}}
Starting with the 2011 elections CasaPound presented its candidates in local elections in civic lists or centre-right and succeeded in electing its representatives.{{in lang|it}} [http://www.agenparl.it/articoli/news/politica/20110519-amministrative-casapound-cinque-consiglieri-eletti " Amministrative: CasaPound, Cinque Consiglieri Eletti,"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116190122/http://www.agenparl.it/articoli/news/politica/20110519-amministrative-casapound-cinque-consiglieri-eletti |date=16 November 2012 }} agenparl.it (19 May 2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013. At the regional and national elections of 2013, CasaPound Italy announced that it would present its civic lists throughout Italy.
Blocco Studentesco
CasaPounds student organization Blocco Studentesco was founded in 2006. Aside from being a place for interested people to find others with similar political views it also takes part in student elections. In 2009 it successfully entered the student parliaments with 100 representatives.Koch (2013), S. 59. Its logo is based on the flag of Oswald Mosley's British Union of Fascists from the 1930s.Koch (2013), S. 63.
Blocco Studentesco's main forms of action are demonstrations and parades.Koch (2013), S. 61. Events such as flash mobs, hard bass and happenings are also organized and used for content production on social media.Koch (2013), S. 62.
Some of the direct actions Blocco Studentesco takes part in are violent. In 2008 there was a fight between the student organisation and left-wing students in Piazza Navona in Rome.Koch (2013), S. 64.
Questions have been submitted by parliamentarians of the Democratic Party about fascist propaganda and the violence of the student movement.{{in lang|it}} Giuseppe Berretta, [http://www.giuseppeberretta.it/documenti/interr_univ_casapound.doc "Interrogazione Parlamentare PD contro il Blocco Studentesco"] (21 April 2010).
In October 2023, the Students' Block protested an event in Rome attended by the Likud, the Republican Party, the National Rally, Fidesz and the Alternative for Germany, calling for the liberation of Palestine, the Golan Heights and the Republic of Artsakh, and condemning the parties in attendance as "pro-Russian and anti-European".{{cite news|title=La Palestina non è "roba" da compagni: l'azione a Roma che fa saltare gli schemi|work=Il Primato Nazionale|url=https://www.ilprimatonazionale.it/approfondimenti/la-palestina-non-e-roba-da-compagni-lazione-a-roma-che-fa-saltare-gli-schemi-270097/}}
International meetings
Over the years the leaders of CasaPound Italy have been invited to explain its “political model” in many of the major European capitals (Paris, Madrid, London, Lisbon, Brussels, Warsaw){{in lang|it}} [http://www.agenziastampaitalia.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4975:casapound-italia-in-1500-alla-festa-nazionale&catid=4:politica-nazionale&Itemid=34 "CasaPound Italia: in 1.500 alla festa nazionale"] (21 September 2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013. and the organization has been the subject of some reports by foreign media.
In 2011 the Finnish Resistance Movement also invited members of CasaPound to a seminar in Helsinki.[http://yle.fi/uutiset/city_of_helsinki_rented_space_to_neo-nazi_group/5445909 "City of Helsinki rented space to neo-Nazi group,"] YLE News (31 October 2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013. The Finnish Resistance Movement represents national socialism.{{in lang|fi}} Mikael Brunila, [http://suomenkuvalehti.fi/jutut/kotimaa/ei-ole-yhta-aarioikeistoa-keita-suomen-vastarintaliike-kutsui-helsinkiin "Ei ole yhtä äärioikeistoa - keitä Suomen vastarintaliike kutsui Helsinkiin?,"] Suomen Kuvalehti (21 October 2011; uptaded: 29 November 2013). Retrieved 14 December 2013. The Finnish Security Intelligence Service researched the connections of the Finnish Resistance Movement to CasaPound after the 2011 Florence shootings.[http://yle.fi/uutiset/supo_looks_into_possible_finnish_connection_to_florence_shooter/5468477 "Supo looks into possible Finnish connection to Florence shooter,"] YLE (15 December 2011). Retrieved 14 December 2013.
Symbolic figures
The party's choice of American poet Ezra Pound as a symbol of the movement has caused controversy with his daughter, Mary de Rachewiltz, who claimed it distorts the meaning of Pound's work and represents a "misappropriation" of his image,Tom Kingtom, [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jan/14/ezra-pound-daughter-fascism "Ezra Pound's daughter fights to wrest the renegade poet's legacy from fascists,"] The Observer (14 January 2012). Retrieved 14 December 2013. despite Pound's stated support for fascism.
Electoral results
=Italian Parliament=
class=wikitable style="width:50%; border:1px #AAAAFF solid" |
colspan=7|Chamber of Deputies |
width=13%|Election year
! width=16%|Votes ! width=6%|% ! width=1%|Seats ! width=8%|+/– ! width=18%|Leader |
---|
2013
| 47,691 (20th) | 0.14 | {{Composition bar|0|630|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} | {{center|Gianluca Iannone}} |
2018
| 312,432 (10th) | 0.95 | {{Composition bar|0|630|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} | {{center|Simone Di Stefano}} |
class=wikitable style="width:50%; border:1px #AAAAFF solid" |
colspan=7|Senate of the Republic |
width=13%|Election year
! width=16%|Votes ! width=6%|% ! width=1%|Seats ! width=8%|+/– ! width=18%|Leader |
---|
2013
| 40,540 (20th) | 0.13 | {{Composition bar|0|315|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} | {{center|Gianluca Iannone}} |
2018
| 259,718 (10th) | 0.86 | {{Composition bar|0|315|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} | {{center|Simone Di Stefano}} |
= European Parliament =
class=wikitable style="width:50%; border:1px #AAAAFF solid" |
colspan=7|European Parliament |
width=13%|Election year
! width=16%|Votes ! width=6%|% ! width=1%|Seats ! width=8%|+/– ! width=18%|Leader |
---|
2019
| 89,142 |0.33 |{{Composition bar|0|72|hex=darkblue}} |{{center|new}} |Simone Di Stefano |
=Regional or Provincial Councils=
class=wikitable style="width:50%; border:1px #AAAAFF solid" |
width=19%|Region
! width=13%|Election year ! width=16%|Votes ! width=7%|% ! width=1%|Seats ! width=6%|+/– |
---|
Lombardy
!2018 |45,416 |0.86 |{{Composition bar|0|80|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} |{{center|–}} |
Umbria
! 2015 | 2,343 | 0.66 | {{Composition bar|0|20|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} |
rowspan="2" |Lazio
!2013 |18,491 |0.66 |{{Composition bar|0|50|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} |{{center|–}} |
2018
| 42,609 | 1.68 |{{Composition bar|0|50|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} |{{center|–}} |
Abruzzo
!2019 |2,974 |0.47 |{{Composition bar|0|31|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} |{{center|–}} |
Molise
! 2018 | 477 | 0.33 | {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} |
South Tyrol
! 2018 | 2,451 | 0.86 | {{Composition bar|0|35|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} |
Trentino
! 2018 | 1,215 | 0.48 | {{Composition bar|0|35|hex={{party color|CasaPound}}}} | {{center|–}} |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commons category}}
- {{Official website}}
- [https://www.bloccostudentesco.org/ Blocco Studentesco - official website]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvZtoVIECuo CasaPound Nationalist Squat in Rome] on YouTube
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3x-ge4w46E The hipster fascists trying to bring Mussolini back into the mainstream] on YouTube
- {{usurped|1=[https://archive.today/20141019074529/http://www.radixjournal.com/altright-archive/altright-archive/main/the-magazine/in-the-house-of-pound/ English interview with the leader of Casa Pound]}}
{{portal bar|Italy|Politics}}
{{Fascism}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:2003 establishments in Italy
Category:Anti-Islam political parties in Europe
Category:Anti-Islam sentiment in Italy
Category:Far-right politics in Italy
Category:Neo-fascist organisations in Italy
Category:Right-wing anti-capitalism
Category:Self-managed social centers