Catterick, North Yorkshire

The etymology of the name is derived from the Latin place name {{lang|la|Cataractonium}}, which looks like a Latin/Greek mixture meaning "place of a waterfall", but it might have been a Roman misunderstanding of the Celtic name Catu-rātis meaning "battle ramparts", as partly supported by the spelling {{Lang|grc|Κατουρακτονιον}} (Catouractonion) on the Ptolemy world map.Rivet & Smith, ( Ed. 1979–1982), Place-Names of Roman Britain{{cite book|author=Watts|title= Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-names|page=120|publisher =Cambridge University Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0521168557}}{{cite book|first=A. D. |last=Mills|title=Dictionary of English Place-Names|page=103|publisher=Oxford Paperbacks|year=1998|isbn=978-0192800749}}

File:The Angel and village centre, Catterick village - geograph.org.uk - 171928.jpg

The place is mentioned in Ptolemy's Geographia of {{circa|150}} as a landmark to locate the 24th clime.{{cite web|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/2/2*.html#Caturactonium |last=Stevenson |first= Edward Luther|title= Trans. and ed. 1932. Claudius Ptolemy: The Geography. New York Public Library. Reprint: Dover, 1991, Latinized English translation, Book II Chapter 2|access-date= 16 August 2006}} It dates back to Roman times, when Cataractonium was a Roman fort protecting the crossing of Dere Street over the River Swale.{{cite book|first1=P. R. |last1=Wilson |first2= E. R. |last2=Lyons |title=Cataractonium: Roman Catterick and its Hinterland. Excavations and Research, 1958–1997|series=CBA Research Report |pages= 128–29, 2 vols |location=York|publisher= Council for British Archaeology |year= 2002|isbn=1902771230}}

Catterick is thought to be the site of the Battle of Catraeth ({{circa|598}}) mentioned in the Welsh language poem Y Gododdin. This was fought between Celtic British or Brythonic kingdoms and the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Bernicia. Paulinus of York performed baptisms nearby in the River Swale.{{cite ODNB|first=Marios |last=Costambeys|title=Paulinus [St Paulinus] (d. 644)|orig-year= 2004|edition= online |date=October 2005 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/21626 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/21626|access-date= 30 April 2011}}

Catterick is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Catrice. The manor was held by Earl Edwin at the time of the Norman invasion, and was afterwards was granted to Count Alan of Brittany.{{OpenDomesday|OS=SE2497/catterick/|display=Catterick|accessdate=21 June 2013}} Thereafter the demesne manor was held by the lords of Richmond. The manor has been held by John of Gaunt in the 14th century and the Earls of Salisbury in the 15th century. The manor was held for a while by Sir John Conyers from 1484. During the reign of Queen Mary I, the manor was granted to the youngest daughter of Henry Pole, 1st Baron Montagu, whose son Francis Barrington inherited the honour. The Barrington family passed the manor to Richard Braithwaite whose descendants inherited the manor and held it until the 18th century. Other lords of the manor included the Lawson family, who held it into the late 19th century.{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=64758|title=Parishes: Catterick|work=Victoria County History. A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 1|editor-first=William |editor-last=Page|date=1914|pages=301–313|access-date=21 June 2013}}{{cite book|title=Bulmer's Topography, History and Directory (Private and Commercial) of North Yorkshire 1890 |pages=392–397|year=2002|origyear=1890 |publisher= S&N Publishing|isbn= 1-86150-299-0}}

Pallet Hill, just to the north of the village church, is the site of the earthwork remains of a motte and bailey castle. It is thought to have been built by King Stephen in the mid 12th century to control the Great North Road. It has been designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument.{{NHLE|num=1021136|desc=Pallet Hill motte and bailey castle, 80m north west of St Anne's Church|access-date=29 June 2017}} To the south of the village on the south side of the former A1/A6136 interchange, is the site of a small Roman roadside settlement and cemetery on Bainesse farm. It has been designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument.{{NHLE|num=1021209|desc=Bainesse Roman roadside settlement and Anglian cemetery|access-date=29 June 2017}}

In later times, Catterick prospered as a coaching town where travellers up the Great North Road would stop overnight and refresh themselves and their horses; today's Angel Inn was once a coaching inn. A mile to the south-east are the surviving earthworks of Killerby Castle, a medieval motte-and-bailey castle.

Catterick was a large ancient parish, extending into three wapentakes (Hang East, Hang West and Gilling West) of the North Riding of Yorkshire. It included the townships of Appleton, Bolton upon Swale, Brough, Colburn, Ellerton upon Swale, Hipswell, Hudswell, Killerby, Kiplin, Scorton, Scotton, Uckerby and Whitwell. All these places became separate civil parishes in 1866.{{cite web|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10409123/relationships|title=Catterick CP/AP/Tn through time – Census tables with data for the Parish-level Unit|publisher=Vision of Britain|access-date=9 February 2018}}

In 1914 Catterick Camp (later Catterick Garrison) was established {{convert|4.7|mi}} west of the village, in the ancient parish of Catterick but in the civil parishes of Hipswell and Scotton. It is recorded that during the First World War, men came to Catterick to complete their basic training before being deployed to their respective front or Base Depot.Leeds, West Yorkshire Archive Service, Letter from Ernest Brown to Leeds Town Clerk Mitchell, 5 June 1917. RAF Catterick, the airfield to the south of the village also opened in 1914, was transferred to the Army and is now Marne Barracks, named after the site of two significant battles of the First World War.

In 1974 Catterick was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire and was part of the Richmondshire district until 2023.

Catterick is part of the Richmond and Northallerton parliamentary constituency. The current Member of Parliament is Rishi Sunak, a Conservative, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. His predecessor was William Hague, former Conservative Party Leader and Foreign Secretary, who represented the constituency from 1989 to 2015.{{cite news |last1=Fellowes |first1=Jon |title=Which constituency is Rishi Sunak the Member of Parliament for? |url=https://metro.co.uk/2022/10/25/where-is-rishi-sunaks-constituency-as-he-becomes-the-new-pm-17626607/ |access-date=30 October 2022 |work=Metro |date=25 October 2022}}

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Richmondshire, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council. It lies within the Catterick Bridge electoral division of North Yorkshire Council.{{cite web | url=https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/business-government/tools-support/open-data-support | title=OpenData support | OS Tools & Support }} Catterick also has a parish council.

File:Brough Beck, Catterick - geograph.org.uk - 1563912.jpg

The village lies along A6136 road to Richmond and is by-passed by the A1. The A1 bypass, which cost £1 million at the time, was opened in 1959 by Lord Chesham, the Joint Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Transport.{{cite web|url=http://www.ciht.org.uk/motorway/a1nrcccattbp.htm|title=A1 Bypass|publisher=The Motorway Archive|access-date=22 June 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203043132/http://www.ciht.org.uk/motorway/a1nrcccattbp.htm|archive-date=3 December 2013}} The River Swale turns southward just to the north of the village at Catterick Bridge and flows to the east side of the Catterick. Brough Beck runs east through the village to join the River Swale. There are several bodies of water that are the result of quarrying. Within {{convert|2.5|mi}} of Catterick are the villages of Brompton-on-Swale, Catterick Bridge, Colburn, Tunstall, East Appleton, Ellerton-on-Swale, Whitwell, Scorton and Uckerby.

The adjacent A1 road and the village have suffered with flooding from Brough Beck. This was most notable in 2012, when a flash flood caused the A1 to be closed for 24-hours in both directions in September 2012. 149 properties in Catterick were flooded and the knock-on effect was believed to have cost the regions' economy over £2 million. In conjunction with the new build and upgrading of the A1 to motorway standard, a £6 million flood reservoir was built on the west side of the A1(M) and downstream of Brough Park. The scheme was officially opened in May 2018, but had its first major test in March 2018 when meltwater from snow in the dales flooded the lower valley. The reservoir can hold over {{convert|91,000,000|impgal}} of water and it is hoped that wildlife will colonise the reservoir.{{cite news|title=Anti-flood reservoir construction starts|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-36254689|access-date=13 May 2018|work=BBC News|date=10 May 2016}}{{cite news|last1=Foster|first1=Mark|title=£6m scheme to prevent further disastrous flooding in A1|url=http://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/14309488.__6m_scheme_to_prevent_further_disastrous_flooding_in_A1/|access-date=13 May 2018|work=Darlington and Stockton Times|date=29 February 2016}}{{cite news|last1=Copeland|first1=Alexa|title=Flood work to ease A1 Delays|work=Darlington & Stockton Times|issue=18–2018|date=4 May 2018|page=18|issn=2516-5348}}

The 2001 UK census showed that the population was split 52.6% male to 47.4% female. The religious constituency was made of 83.4% Christian, 0.25% Buddhist, 0.11% Jewish, 0.11% Other and the rest stating no religion or not stating at all. The ethnic make-up was 97.6% White British, 0.9% White Other/Irish, 0.4% Mixed Ethnic, 0.21% Black British, 0.21% Other Ethnic and 0.25% British Asian. There were 1,050 dwellings.

The 2011 UK census showed that the population was split 58% male to 42% female. The religious constituency was made of 70.75% Christian, 0.16% Buddhist, 0.19% Muslim, 0.85% Hindu, 0.54% Other and the rest stating no religion or not stating at all. The ethnic make-up was 92.4% White British, 2.3% White Other/Irish, 1.2% Mixed Ethnic, 0.76% Black British, 0.38% Other Ethnic and other and 1.77% British Asian. There were 1,200 dwellings.

File:Syddal Memorial, Catterick.jpg

Marne Barracks borders the village to the south along Leeming Lane and Oran Lane. The base and service quarters are separated from the village by a protective fence. There are a few local businesses, such as take-away food outlets, public house and a car service station. There is a sports ground which is used for cricket and football.

Horse racing takes place year round at Catterick Racecourse, where the first recorded meeting was in 1783. This popular track stages 17 flat race meetings between April and October, with some 10 jump meetings between November and March.

BFBS Radio broadcasts from studios on Shute Road across the town and surrounding areas on 106.9 FM as part of its UK Bases network.

Michael Sydall C of E Primary School provides education for a mixed gender pupil intake between the ages of four and eleven. The school has an official capacity of 252 pupils.{{cite web|url=http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/inspection-reports/find-inspection-report/provider/ELS/121609|title= Michael Sydall CE Primary School|publisher=Ofsted|access-date=22 June 2013}} The school is named after a vicar of the village church of St Anne who founded a school in the village in 1658. The school is in the catchment area of Risedale Sports & Community College in nearby Catterick Garrison for secondary education needs.{{cite web |url=http://www.northyorks.gov.uk/article/26699/Secondary-admission-arrangements-for-the-Northallerton-area |title=Admission arrangements for the Northallerton area |publisher=North Yorkshire County Council |work=Secondary school admissions |access-date=22 November 2016 |archive-date=16 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116103342/http://www.northyorks.gov.uk/article/26699/Secondary-admission-arrangements-for-the-Northallerton-area |url-status=dead }}

File:Catterick - geograph.org.uk - 23564.jpg

The church in the village is dedicated to St Anne and is a Grade I listed building.{{cite web|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-322337-church-of-saint-anne-catterick-north-yor|title=St Anne's Listing|publisher=English Heritage|access-date=23 June 2013}} The current building was completed in 1412 and added to in both the 15th and 19th centuries. A Wesleyan chapel was built in the village in 1842 on Low Green next to the local public house.

• John Catterick (died 1419) is reputed to have come from the village. He held the positions of Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield as well as the Bishop of Exeter and Bishop of St David's. He was an important member of the King's court during the reigns of Henry IV and Henry V.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15487|first=R. G. |last=Davies|title='Catterick , John (d. 1419)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/15487 | access-date= 30 April 2011}}
• Theophilus Lindsey (1723–1808), the Unitarian minister and theologian, was vicar of Catterick for ten years from 1763 until 1773, partly to live close to his friend and father in law Francis Blackburne.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/16722|first=Albert |last=Nicholson|editor-first1=G. M |editor-last1=Ditchfield |title= 'Lindsey, Theophilus (1723–1808)', rev. G. M. Ditchfield, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/16722 |access-date= 30 April 2011}}
• Thomas Booth (c.1755–1835) was the owner and farmer of the nearby estate of Killerby. He was a successful stock breeder, winning prizes for breeding out defects in the traditional shorthorn cattle to produce better milk and meat producing animals.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2895|first=G. C. |last=Boase|title= 'Booth, Thomas (c.1755–1835)', rev. Anne Pimlott Baker, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/2895 |access-date=30 April 2011}}
• Alexander John Scott (1768–1840) was a vicar of Catterick from 1816 until his death in 1840. A naval chaplain, he had served with his uncle, Rear-Admiral Alexander Scott, in the West Indies. He was a close friend and secretary of Lord Horatio Nelson.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/24858|first=J. K. |last=Laughton|editor-first1=Roger |editor-last1=Morriss |title= 'Scott, Alexander John (1768–1840)', rev. Roger Morriss, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/24858 |access-date= 30 April 2011}}
• Sir William Brown (1784–1864) attended the school of Rev Bradley in Catterick. He became a successful merchant, firstly in the cotton trade and later in shipping and finance. In later years he became involved in local politics in Liverpool and represented the South Lancashire Parliamentary constituency.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/3662 |first=J. R. |last=Killick|title= 'Brown, Sir William, first baronet (1784–1864)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/3662 | access-date= 30 April 2011}}
• William Henry Angas (1781–1832) attended boarding school at Catterick. He initially had a career at sea, but became a church minister and missionary.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/539 |first=Roald |last=Kverndal|title= 'Angas, William Henry (1781–1832)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/539 |access-date= 30 April 2011}}
• George Fife Angas (1789–1879) attended Catterick School from 1801 to 1804 and was the younger brother of William Henry Angas. He joined the South Australia Land Company in 1832 and shortly after became a member of the South Australia colonization commission.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/537 |first=P. A. |last=Howell|title= 'Angas, George Fife (1789–1879)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/537 |access-date= 30 April 2011}}
• Frederick John Jackson (1860–1929) was born at Oran Hall in Catterick in 1860. He had a career in the British Imperial East Africa Company before turning to public service. He held the position of Lt Governor of the East Africa Protectorate (now Kenya) and then Governor of Uganda from 1911 to 1917.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34131 |first=Oliver |last=Furley|title= 'Jackson, Sir Frederick John (1860–1929)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/34131 | access-date= 30 April 2011}}
• Amy James-Kelly (1995–), British actress (Coronation Street, Three Families) spent some of her early life in Catterick.{{cite journal|url=https://ilovemanchester.com/amy-james-kelly-military-wives-interview|title="I'm a really proud Manc" – Military Wives actress Amy James-Kelly on growing up in Failsworth|journal=I Love MCR|first=Matthew|last=Turner|date=6 March 2020|accessdate=20 May 2022}}

• Listed buildings in Catterick, North Yorkshire

{{reflist|2}}

{{Commons category|Catterick}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20180811222921/http://www.catterickgarrison.org/ Website]
• [http://www.cattericksundaymarket.co.uk Sunday Market] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130114012509/http://www.cattericksundaymarket.co.uk/ |date=14 January 2013 }}
• [https://www.hopgrove.com/drone-filming-catterick-north-yorkshire/ Drone footage of Brough Beck reservoir being built]

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{{North Yorkshire}}

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Category:Villages in North Yorkshire

Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire

Category:Swaledale

Category:Richmondshire