Ceyx (bird)
{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Ceyx erithaca.JPG
| image_caption = Oriental dwarf kingfisher (Ceyx erithaca)
| taxon = Ceyx
| authority = Lacépède, 1799
| type_species = Alcedo tridactyla{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=86 |title= Alcedinidae |author= |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-07-25}}
| type_species_authority = Pallas, 1769
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
see text
}}
Ceyx ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|iː|ɪ|k|s}} {{respell|SEE|icks}}) is an Old World genus of river kingfishers.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/ceyx|title=Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words|website=Dictionary.com}} These kingfishers are found from South East Asia to the Solomon Islands.
The genus was introduced by the French naturalist Bernard Germain de Lacépède in 1799, and derives its name from the Greek myth of Alcyone and Ceyx.{{ cite book | last=Lacépède | first=Bernard Germain de | author-link=Bernard Germain de Lacépède | year=1799 | title=Discours d'ouverture du Cours d'histoire naturelle des animaux vertébrés et a sang rouge: Tableau des sous-classes, divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des oiseaux | publisher=Plassan | place=Paris | page=10 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6uhAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA84 }} The type species is the black-backed dwarf kingfisher (Ceyx erithaca).{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1945 | title=Check-list of Birds of the World | volume=5 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=178 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480189 }}
A molecular phylogenetic study of the alcedinine kingfishers published in 2007 found that the genera as then defined did not form monophyletic groups.{{ cite journal | last1=Moyle | first1=R.G. | last2=Fuchs | first2=J. | last3=Pasquet | first3=E. | last4=Marks | first4=B.D. | year=2007 | title=Feeding behavior, toe count, and the phylogenetic relationships among alcedinine kingfishers (Alcedininae) | journal=Journal of Avian Biology | volume=38 | issue=3 | pages=317–326 | doi=10.1111/J.2007.0908-8857.03921.x }} The species were subsequently rearranged into four monophyletic genera. The little kingfisher, azure kingfisher, Bismarck kingfisher, southern silvery kingfisher and Indigo-banded kingfisher were moved from Alcedo to Ceyx. All except one of the birds in the reconstituted genus have three rather than the usual four toes. The exception is the Sulawesi dwarf kingfisher which retains a vestigial fourth toe.{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|pp=8-9}}
The Moluccan dwarf kingfisher (Ceyx lepidus) was previous named the variable dwarf kingfisher and included 15 recognised subspecies. A genetic study published in 2013 found that most of the subspecies had substantially diverged from one another.{{ cite journal | last1=Andersen | first1=M.J. | last2=Oliveros | first2=C.H. | last3=Filardi | first3=C.E. | last4=Moyle | first4=R.G. | year=2013 | title=Phylogeography of the Variable Dwarf-Kingfisher Ceyx lepidus (Aves: Alcedinidae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences | journal=Auk | volume=130 | issue=1 | pages=118–131 | doi=10.1525/auk.2012.12102 | hdl=1808/13331 | s2cid=55352878 | hdl-access=free }} The species was therefore split and 12 of the subspecies were promoted to species status. At the same time the name was changed from the variable dwarf kingfisher to the Moluccan dwarf kingfisher.{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | date=December 2023 | title=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers | work=World Bird List Version 14.1 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=6 January 2024 }}
The two African species in the genus Ispidina were sometimes placed in this genus.{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|pp=195-198}} Compared to the related species in the genus Alcedo they are more terrestrial.{{Cite book | first = Peter | last = Woodall | editor-first = Josep | editor-last = del Hoyo | editor2-first = Andrew | editor2-last = Elliott | editor3-last = Sargatal | editor3-first = Jordi | contribution = Family Alcedinidae (Kingfishers) | title = Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 6, Mousebirds to Hornbills | year = 2001 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/103 103–187] | place = Barcelona | publisher = Lynx Edicions | isbn = 978-84-87334-30-6 | url = https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/103 }}
Species
There are 23 species in the genus:
{{Species table |genus= Ceyx |authority-name=Lacépède|authority-year= 1799 |species-count=twenty three|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Black-backed dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx erithaca
|image=File:Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus|authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Indian Subcontinent and Mainland Southeast Asia.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= NT
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| C. e. erithaca (Linnaeus, 1758)
| C. e. macrocarus Oberholser, 1917
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Rufous-backed dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx rufidorsa
|image=File:Ceyx rufidorsa.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Strickland|authority-year= 1847 |authority-not-original=
|range= Southeast Asia.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Five subspecies |bullets=on
| C. r. rufidorsa Strickland, 1847
| C. r. motleyi Chasen & Kloss, 1929
| C. r. captus Ripley, 1941
| C. r. jungei Ripley, 1942
| C. r. vargasi Manuel, 1939
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Philippine dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx melanurus
|image=File:South Philippine Dwarf Kingfisher.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Kaup|authority-year=1848 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Philippines (Luzon, Polillo Islands, Catanduanes, Basilan, Samar, Leyte and Mindanao.)
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= VU
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| C. m. melanurus (Kaup, 1848)
| C. m. samarensis Steere, 1890
| C. m. mindanensis Steere, 1890
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Celebes forest kingfisher, blue-crowned kingfisher, Celebes dwarf-kingfisher, and Celebes pygmy-kingfisher. |binomial=Ceyx fallax
|image=File:Ceyx fallax1 (cropped).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Schlegel |authority-year=1866 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Sulawesi island, Indonesia.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Sangihe dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx sangirensis
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Meyer, AB & Wiglesworth |authority-year=1898 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Sangihe Islands, Indonesia.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= CR
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Moluccan dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx lepidus
|image=File:Moluccan Dwarf-Kingfisher 0A2A4033.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Temminck |authority-year=1836 |authority-not-original=
|range= the Moluccas
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| C. l. uropygialis - Gray, GR, 1861
| C. l. lepidus - Temminck, 1836
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Dimorphic dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx margarethae
|image=File:Dimorphic Dwarf Kingfisher.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Blasius, W |authority-year=1890 |authority-not-original=
|range= File:Moluccan Dwarf-Kingfisher 0A2A4033.jpg
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Sula dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx wallacii
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Sharpe|authority-year= 1868 |authority-not-original=
|range= Sula Islands in Indonesia.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Buru dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx cajeli
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Wallace |authority-year=1863 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Buru Island in Indonesia
|range-image=File:Buru dwarf kingfisher range.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= NT
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Papuan dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx solitarius
|image=File:Papuan Dwarf-Kingfisher 0A2A8049.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Temminck |authority-year=1836 |authority-not-original=
|range= New Guinea, Aru Islands and the D'Entrecasteaux Archipelago.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Manus dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx dispar
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Rothschild & Hartert |authority-year=1914 |authority-not-original=
|range= Admiralty Islands
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= NT
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=New Ireland dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx mulcatus
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Rothschild & Hartert|authority-year= 1914 |authority-not-original=
|range= New Hanover Island, New Ireland and the Lihir Islands
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=New Britain dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx sacerdotis
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Ramsay, EP |authority-year=1882 |authority-not-original=
|range= New Britain and Umboi Island.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=North Solomons dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx meeki
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Rothschild|authority-year= 1901 |authority-not-original=
|range= west and central Solomon Islands
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| C. m. meeki - Rothschild, 1901
| C. m. pallidus - Mayr, 1935
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=New Georgia dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx collectoris
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Rothschild & Hartert|authority-year= 1901 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= west central Solomon Islands
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Guadalcanal dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx nigromaxilla
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Rothschild & Hartert |authority-year=1905 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Guadalcanal Island.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| C. n. malaitae - Mayr, 1935
| C. n. nigromaxilla
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Makira dwarf kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx gentianus
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Tristram |authority-year=1879 |authority-not-original=
|range= Makira Island
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Indigo-banded kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx cyanopectus
|image=File:Ibkf4.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Lafresnaye |authority-year=1840 |authority-not-original=
|range= Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Masbate and the Western Visayas)
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| C. c. cyanopectus - Lafresnaye, 1840
| C. c. nigrirostris - Bourns & Worcester, 1894
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Southern silvery kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx argentatus
|image=File:PHILIPPINE SILVERY KINGFISHER.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Tweeddale |authority-year= 1877|authority-not-original=
|range= Philippines (Mindanao and Basilan.)
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= NT
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=Northern silvery kingfisher |binomial=Ceyx flumenicola
|image=File:Northernsilvery.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Steere|authority-year= 1890 |authority-not-original=
|range= Philippines (the Visayas on the islands of Bohol, Leyte and Samar.)
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= NT
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Azure kingfisher|binomial=Ceyx azureus
|image=File:Alcedo azurea 2 - Julatten.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Latham |authority-year=1801 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= northern and eastern Australia and Tasmania, as well as the lowlands of New Guinea
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Seven subspecies |bullets=on
|C. a. azureus {{au|Latham, 1801}}
|C. a. ruficollaris {{au|(Bankier, 1841)}}
|C. a. diemenensis {{au|(Gould, 1846)}}
|C. a. lessonii {{au|(Cassin, 1850)}}
|C. a. affinis {{au|(G.R. Gray, 1860)}}
|C. a. yamdenae {{au|(Rothschild, 1901)}}
|C. a. ochrogaster {{au|(Reichenow, 1903)}}
}}
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Bismarck kingfisher|binomial=Ceyx websteri
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Hartert|authority-year= 1898 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= Papua New Guinea.
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= VU
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/row
|name= Little kingfisher|binomial=Ceyx pusillus
|image=File:Alcedo pusilla - Little kingfisher 3660.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Temminck|authority-year= 1836|authority-not-original=
|range= Australia (northern Queensland and coastal Northern Territory), Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Nine subspecies |bullets=on
|C. p. halmaherae {{au|Salomonsen, 1934}}
|C. p. pusillus {{au|Temminck, 1836}}
|C. p. laetior {{au|Rand, 1941}}
|C. p. masauji {{au|Mathews, 1941}}
|C. p. bougainvillei {{au|Ogilvie-Grant|, 1914}}
|C. p. richardsi {{au|Tristam, 1882}}
|C. p. aolae {{au|Ogilvie-Grant, 1914}}
|C. p. ramsayi {{au|North, 1912}}
|C. p. halli {{au|Mathews, 1912}}
}}
}}
{{Species table/end}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Sources
{{Commons category|Ceyx}}
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite book | last1=Fry | first1=C. Hilary| last2=Fry | first2=Kathie| last3=Harris | first3=Alan | year=1992 | title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers| publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7 }}
{{refend}}
{{Cavitaves|K.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q900889}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ceyx (Kingfisher)}}