Chartreuse Mountains
{{Short description|Mountain range in southeastern France}}
{{Other uses|Chartreuse (disambiguation){{!}}Chartreuse}}
Image:Le Charmant Som et Chamechaude depuis le Col de la Grande Vache.JPG and Chamechaude from the Col de la Grande Vache]]
File:Carte du Massif de la Chartreuse.svg
The Chartreuse Mountains ({{langx|fr|Massif de la Chartreuse}} {{IPA|fr|masif d(ə) la ʃaʁtʁøz|}}) are a mountain range in southeastern France, stretching from the city of Grenoble in the south to the Lac du Bourget in the north. They are part of the French Prealps, which continue as the Bauges to the north and the Vercors to the south.
Etymology
The name Chartreuse is derived from the village now known as Saint-Pierre-de-Chartreuse, earlier Catorissium, Cantourisa, Caturissium, and Chatrousse.Oxford English Dictionary, 1st edition, 1888 [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/28292 s.v.] It appears to be of Gaulish origin;Juan Luis García Alonso, Continental Celtic Word Formation: The Onomastic Data, p. 42 and is perhaps related to the name of the Caturiges tribe.Robert Ellis, A Treatise on Hannibal's Passage of the Alps, 1853, [https://books.google.com/books?id=QzUBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA174 p. 174]
Geography
The mountain range rises between Grenoble (south), Chambéry (north), Voiron and Saint-Laurent-du-Pont (west) and Grésivaudan (Isère valley, east)
=Main summits=
Summits of the Chartreuse Mountains include:
- Chamechaude, {{convert|2082|m|ft|0}}
- Dent de Crolles, {{convert|2062|m|ft|0}}
- Les Lances de Malissard {{convert|2045|m|ft|0}}
- Grand Som, {{convert|2026|m|ft|0}}
- Dôme de Bellefont {{convert|1975|m|ft|0}}
- Piton de Bellefont {{convert|1958|m|ft|0}}
- Mont Granier, {{convert|1933|m|ft|0}}
- La Grande Sure, {{convert|1920|m|ft|0}}
- Le Charmant Som {{convert|1867|m|ft|0}}
- Sommet du Pinet ou le Truc {{convert|1867|m|ft|0}}
- Rochers de Chalves {{convert|1845|m|ft|0}}
- Rocher de Lorzier {{convert|1838|m|ft|0}}
- Dent de l'Ours {{convert|1820|m|ft|0}}
- Scia {{convert|1791|m|ft|0}}
- Petit Som {{convert|1772|m|ft|0}}
- Pinéa {{convert|1771|m|ft|0}}
- Mont Outheran {{convert|1673|m|ft|0}}
- Grands Crêts {{convert|1489|m|ft|0}}
- Pointe de la Gorgeat {{convert|1486|m|ft|0}}
- Écoutoux {{convert|1406|m|ft|0}}
- mont Saint-Eynard {{convert|1358|m|ft|0}}
- Néron {{convert|1298|m|ft|0}}
- Rachais {{convert|1050|m|ft|0}}
=Main passes=
Passes of the Chartreuse Mountains include :
==With road==
==Without road==
- Col de l'Alpe
- Col de l'Alpette
- Col des Ayes
- Col de Charmille
- Col des Émeindras
- Col de la Faîta
- Col de Bellefond
- Col de Léchaud
- Col de la Ruchère
- Col de la Sure
- Col de la Grande Vache
- Col de la Petite Vache
- Col du Baure
= Main canyons =
Canyons of the Chartreuse Mountains include :
- Gorges du Guiers Vif
- Gorges du Guiers Mort
- Gorges du Ténaison
- Gorges de la Vence
- Gorge du Manival
- Gorges de l'Echaillon
- Gorges du Cozon Rau
= Main plateaux =
Plateaux of the Chartreuse Mountains include :
= Main Caves =
The main caves in the Chartreuse include :
- {{Interlanguage link|Réseau de l'Alpe|fr|lt=Réseau de l'Alpe}},
{{convert|69.6|km|mi}} long, {{convert|655|m|ft}} deep.{{Cite journal|author=Denis Bourgeois|language=fr|title=Savoie-Quelques nouvelles des fronts…|journal=Spelunca|date=2008|volume=111|pages=25–30|url=https://spelunca.ffspeleo.fr/200809_Spelunca_111.pdf|access-date=2018-05-30}} - Réseau de la Dent de Crolles - about {{convert|60|km|mi}} long, {{convert|690|m|ft}} deep.{{Cite web|last=Gardner|first=John|date=20 August 2021|title=Réseau de la Dent de Crolles, Chartreuse|url=https://www.braemoor.co.uk/crolles/|url-status=live|access-date=25 November 2021|website=Réseau de la Dent de Crolles, Chartreuse|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125213356/https://www.braemoor.co.uk/crolles/ |archive-date=2021-11-25 }}
- Système du Granier, {{convert|55.7|km|mi}} long, {{convert|635|m|ft}} deep.{{Cite journal|author=Denys Bourgeois|language=fr|title= échos des profondeurs France-Isère-Activités du Spéléo-club de Savoie au Mont Granier (Chartreuse nord)|journal=Spelunca |volume=83|date=2001|pages=5–6|issn=0991-0735|url=https://spelunca.ffspeleo.fr/200109_Spelunca_083.pdf}}{{Cite web|author=Jean-Louis Fantoli|title=gouffre des Myriades|url=https://www.grottocenter.org/html/file_Fr.php?lang=Fr&check_lang_auto=false&category=entry&id=23749|access-date=2018-05-18}}
- Réseau de malissard, {{convert|18.2|km|mi}} long, {{convert|415|m|ft}} deep.{{Cite web|language=fr|author=Bernard Loiseleur|title=Le massif du Seuil (Chartreuse, France): organisation des réseaux souterrains|url=http://www.persee.fr/doc/karst_0751-7688_1994_num_24_1_2338|journal=revue Karstologia|date=1994|volume=24|pages=13–28|access-date =2018-06-19}}
- Système Pinet-Brouillard, {{convert|11.2|km|mi}} long, {{convert|507|m|ft}} deep.{{Cite web|author=Jean-Louis Fantoli|title=Gouffre du Brouillard|url=https://www.grottocenter.org/html/file_Fr.php?lang=Fr&check_lang_auto=false&category=entry&id=23746|access-date=2018-05-18}}
Image:Grésivaudan panorama bis.JPG Valley and the Chartreuse Mountains from Les Sept Laux.]]
Geology
The lithology is dominated by limestone, and several hundred kilometres of cave passages lie beneath the hills, including the world-famous 60 km long Dent de Crolles system.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}
Image:Double-arch.jpg Double Arch, at {{convert|32|m|ft|0}} the longest span in the Alps.]]
Winter sports resorts
Chartreuse winter sports resorts include :
- Le Désert d'Entremont, where the use of snowshoes has been particularly developed
- Granier en Chartreuse
- Saint-Pierre-de-Chartreuse and Le Planolet
- Saint-Hugues-de-Chartreuse
- Col de Porte {{convert|1326|m|ft|0}}
- Le Sappey-en-Chartreuse
- La Ruchère (cross-country skiing)
- Saint-Hilaire-du-Touvet
- Col de Marcieu
- Col du Coq
Environment
- The Parc Naturel Régional de la Chartreuse was founded in May 1995.
- The Réserve Naturelle des Hauts de Chartreuse was founded in 1997. It includes seven Isère townships and four Savoie townships.
Miscellaneous
The Chartreuse Mountains gave their name to the monastery of the Grande Chartreuse, the monastic Carthusian Order takes its name from these mountains, where its first hermitage was founded in 1084.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} Also derived from the mountain range's name is that of the alcoholic cordial Chartreuse produced by the monks since the 1740s, and of the chartreuse colour, greenish hue of the Chartreuse liqueur, named after the drink.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Chartreuse|Chartreuse Mountains}}
- [http://www.braemoor.co.uk/chartreuse/ Chartreuse: A Walking Guide]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090109072411/http://pistehors.com/hiking/wiki/Chartreuse/ A Wiki-Walks guide to some less well known hiking routes in the Chartreuse]
{{coord|45|21|N|5|50|E|display=title}}
{{Western Alps|state=collapsed}}{{Authority control}}
Category:Mountain ranges of the Alps