China Northern Airlines
{{short description|Chinese airline (1990–2003)}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2009}}
{{Infobox airline
| airline = China Northern Airlines
{{nobold|{{lang|zh-Hans|中国北方航空}}}}
{{lang|zh-Latn-pinyin|Zhōngguó Běifāng Hángkōng}}
| logo = ChinaNorthernAirlines.png
| image = B-2315 A300B4-622R China Northern Airlines KIX 12JUL01 (7058350447).jpg
| caption = China Northern Airlines Airbus A300-600R
| IATA = CJ
| ICAO = CBF
| callsign = CHINA NORTHERN
| founded = {{start date|1990|06|16|df=yes}}
| ceased = {{end date|2004|11|12|df=yes}}
(merged into China Southern Airlines)
| fleet_size = 59 (2004)
| destinations = 152
| headquarters = Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| hubs = Shenyang Taoxian International Airport
| secondary_hubs =
| num_employees = 8,000 (2000)
| website =
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| title = China Northern Airlines
| order = st
| s = {{linktext|lang=zh|中国北方|航空公司}}
| t = 中國北方航空公司
| p = Zhōngguó Běifāng Hángkōng Gōngsī
}}
China Northern Airlines ({{zh|s=中国北方航空|t=中國北方航空|p=Zhōngguó Běifāng Hángkōng}}) was an airline headquartered on the grounds of Shenyang Taoxian International Airport, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.World Airline Directory. Flight International. March 19–25, 2002. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2002/2002%20-%200830.html?search=%22China%20Northern%22 48]. "Dong Ta Airport, 3-1 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110043, China" Established on June 16, 1990, it was one of the six backbone airlines directly under the Civil Aviation Administration of China.
Besides Shenyang, it also had three hubs at Changchun Dafangshen Airport, Harbin Taiping International Airport and Sanya Phoenix International Airport.
It was one of six major airline corporations that were formed as a result of the breakup of CAAC Airlines. It initially operated a fleet of Airbus A300-600R, MD-80, MD-90-30 and, later, Airbus A321-200 aircraft. It operated predominantly domestic destinations and also to North Korea, South Korea and Japan.
History
{{expand section|date=June 2014}}
China Northern Airlines was established in 1990. By the end of 1999, the airline had reached a total cargo rotation volume of 4882 million ton/km. In 2001 the airlines had ordered ten Airbus A321 but only six were in the fleet.
In October 2002, China's state council approved the takeover of China Northern Airlines and China Xinjiang Airlines by China Southern Airlines. By January 2003, both airlines began operating China Southern's IATA code "CZ" for all domestic flights, with international flights to follow by 30 March 2003.{{cite web |title=Carriers blend into China Southern |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/carriers-blend-into-china-southern-160721/ |publisher=FlightGlobal |access-date=18 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827225553/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/carriers-blend-into-china-southern-160721/ |archive-date=27 August 2018 |date=1 February 2003}} At that time, both airlines had their frequent flyer programs merge into Sky Pearl Club.{{cite web |title=Carriers blend into China Southern |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/carriers-blend-into-china-southern-160721/ |publisher=FlightGlobal |access-date=18 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827225553/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/carriers-blend-into-china-southern-160721/ |archive-date=27 August 2018 |date=1 February 2003}} It later fully merged into China Southern Airlines in 2004.
Destinations
The following is a incomplete list of destinations served by China Northern Airlines:{{cite web |title=World Airline Directory 2000 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2000/2000%20-%201081.html |publisher=FlightGlobal |access-date=19 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902221327/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2000/2000%20-%201081.html |archive-date=2 September 2018}}
Fleet
=Final fleet=
File:B-2282 Airbus A321 China Northern (7366746548).jpg
File:China Northern Airlines MD-82.JPG.]]
File:B-3468 Yunshuji Y7-100 China Northern (7157453753).jpg
At the time of merger, China Northern Airlines fleet consisted of:{{cite web |title=China Northern Airlines |url=https://rzjets.net/operators/?show=294 |publisher=rzjets |access-date=18 April 2025}}{{cite web |title=China Northern Airlines |url=https://planelogger.com/Airline/Fleet/China%20Northern%20Airlines/99555 |publisher=planelogger |access-date=18 April 2025}}
| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center" |
| style= | Aircraft
! style= | In service ! style= | Orders ! style= | Notes |
|---|
| Airbus A300-600R
| 6 | — | |
| Airbus A321-200
| 6 | 4 | |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-82
| 23 | — | |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-90-30
| 13 | — | |
| Xian Y-7-100
| 11 | — | |
| Total
!59 !4 !colspan=2| |
=Fleet history=
Throughout the airline's history, the airline had operated:
| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center" |
| style= | Aircraft
! style= | Total ! style= | Introduced ! style= | Retired ! style= | Notes |
|---|
| Airbus A300-600R
| 8 | 1993 | 2004 | |
| Airbus A321-200
| 6 | 2001 | 2004 | |
| Antonov An-2
| {{unknown}} | {{unknown}} | {{unknown}} | |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-82
| 27 | 1990 | 2004 | |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-90-30
| 13 | 1996 | 2004 | |
| Xian Y-7-100
| 11 | 1990 | 2004 | |
Subsidaries
=China Northern Swan Airlines=
China Northern Swan Airlines was founded in 1990, after China Northern Airlines took over Harbin-based Swan Airlines. It operated McDonnell Douglas MD-80s leased from China Northern Airlines, it was acquired by China Southern Airlines in 2003 followed by Beiya Airlines, China Northern Airlines, and Zhongyuan Airlines.{{cite web| url=https://airlinehistory.co.uk/airline/china-northern-swan-airlines/ | title=China Northern Swan Airlines history from China, Rest of World| website=airlinehistory.co.uk}}
Frequent flyer program
{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2024}}
Sky Pearl Club was China Northern Airlines' frequent flyer program until 2003 when it merged with China Southern Airlines.
Accidents
- On November 13, 1993, China Northern Airlines Flight 6901 from Beijing to Urumqi, a McDonnell-Douglas MD-82 (Reg. B-2141) airliner, crashed on approach to Urumqi airport, killing 12 of 102 on board. Pilot error was blamed for the crash.
- On April 17, 2002, China Northern Airlines Flight 6621 from Dalian to Shenyang, a McDonnell-Douglas MD-82 airliner, nine minutes after takeoff, a man attempted to hijack the domestic flight. In-flight security personnel and passengers managed to overpower the man immediately. At 17:58 local time, the flight landed safely at Shenyang.[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20020417-1 ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas MD-82 Shenyang Airport (SHE)], Aviation Safety Network
- On May 7, 2002, China Northern Airlines Flight 6136 from Beijing to Dalian, a McDonnell-Douglas MD-82 (Reg. B-2138) airliner, crashed into the Yellow Sea about {{convert|6|mi}} off the Dalian coast, killing all 112 on board. It was later determined that a passenger who wanted to commit suicide started a fire on board the aircraft.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100811223347/http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=05072002®=B-2138&airline=China+Northern+Airlines Accident Database]}}, AirDisaster.Com[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20020507-1 ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas MD-82 B-2138 Dalian], Aviation Safety Network
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Portal|China|Companies|Aviation}}
{{commons category|China Northern Airlines}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.cna.com.cn/Eng/index-en.html China Northern Airlines] (Archive)
- [https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.cna.com.cn China Northern Airlines] (Archive) {{in lang|zh}}
{{Defunct airlines of China}}
{{Airlines of the People's Republic of China}}
{{China Southern Airlines}}
{{Transport in China}}
{{Clear}}
Category:Defunct airlines of China
Category:Airlines established in 1990
Category:Airlines disestablished in 2003
Category:Chinese companies disestablished in 2003
Category:China Southern Airlines