Chromosome 18

The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 18. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.{{cite journal| author=Pertea M, Salzberg SL| title=Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes. | journal=Genome Biol | year= 2010 | volume= 11 | issue= 5 | pages= 206 | pmid=20441615 | doi=10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206 | pmc=2898077 | doi-access=free }}

{{Category see also|Genes on human chromosome 18}}

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 18. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.

{{columns-list|

• ASXL3: encoding protein Additional sex combs like 3 (Drosophila)
• C18orf63: encoding protein Chromosome 18 open reading frame 63
• CABLES1: encoding protein CDK5 and ABL1 enzyme substrate 1
• CABYR: Calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated protein
• CHMP1B: Charged multivesicular body protein 1b
• CXXC1: CXXC-type zinc finger protein 1
• DCC: Deleted in Colorectal Cancer
• DIPK1C: encoding protein Divergent protein kinase domain 1C
• ELAC1: elaC ribonuclease Z 1
• ESCO1: encoding protein Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion N-acetyltransferase 1
• FECH: ferrochelatase (protoporphyria)
• GREB1L: encoding protein Growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer-like
• HAUS1: HAUS augmin-like complex subunit 1
• HDHD2: encoding enzyme Haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase domain-containing protein 2
• IER3IP1: encoding protein Immediate early response 3-interacting protein 1
• MIR133A1: encoding microRNA MicroRNA 133a-1
• MIR187: encoding protein MicroRNA 187
• MRCL3: encoding protein Myosin regulatory light chain 12A
• NAPG: encoding protein Gamma-soluble NSF attachment protein
• NOL4: encoding protein Nucleolar protein 4
• NPC1: Niemann-Pick disease, type C1
• PIGN: encoding protein Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class N
• PSTPIP2: encoding enzyme Proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 2
• RP11-267C16.1: non-coding
• SERPINB10: encoding protein Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 10
• SIGLEC15: encoding protein Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 15
• SMAD4: SMAD, mothers against DPP homolog 4 (Drosophila)
• TMEM241: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 241
• TTC39C: encoding protein Tetratricopeptide repeat protein 39C
• TWSG1: encoding protein Twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1
• ZCCHC2: encoding protein Zinc finger CCHC domain-containing protein 2
• ZFP161: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 161 homolog
• ZNF236: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 236
• ZNF516: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 516
• ZNF521: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 521
• ZNF532: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 532

}}

The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 18:

• Erythropoietic protoporphyria
• Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
• Niemann–Pick disease type C
• Porphyria
• Selective mutism
• Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18)
• Tetrasomy 18p
• Monosomy 18p
• Pitt–Hopkins syndrome 18q21
• Distal 18q- (distal deletion){{Cite web|url=http://www.chromosome18.org|title=chromosome18|website=www.chromosome18.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-19}}
• Proximal 18q- (proximal deletion)

{{multiple image

| header = G-banding ideograms of human chromosome 18

| total_width = 400

| image1 = Human chromosome 18 ideogram vertical.svg

| width1 = 216

| height1= 1125

| caption1 = G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 18 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl, UCSC Genome Browser).

| image2 = Human chromosome 18 - 400 550 850 bphs.png

| width2 = 1003

| height2= 2801

| caption2 = G-banding patterns of human chromosome 18 in three different resolutions (400,Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. [http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/gdp/ideogram_9606_GCF_000001305.14_400_V1 Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)]. Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26. 550Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. [http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/gdp/ideogram_9606_GCF_000001305.14_550_V1 Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)]. Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26. and 850Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. [http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/gdp/ideogram_9606_GCF_000001305.14_850_V1 Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)]. Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013).{{cite book|author=International Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature|title=ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGCLrh0DIwEC|year=2013|publisher=Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers|isbn=978-3-318-02253-7}} This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the mitotic process.{{cite book|last1=Sethakulvichai|first1=W.|last2=Manitpornsut|first2=S.|last3=Wiboonrat|first3=M.|last4=Lilakiatsakun|first4=W.|last5=Assawamakin|first5=A.|last6=Tongsima|first6=S.|title=2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE) |chapter=Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images |year=2012|pages=276–282|doi=10.1109/JCSSE.2012.6261965|isbn=978-1-4673-1921-8|s2cid=16666470|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261304470}}

}}

{{reflist}}

{{refbegin}}

• {{cite journal | vauthors=Nusbaum C, Zody MC, Borowsky ML, Kamal M, Kodira CD, Taylor TD, Whittaker CA, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Yang X, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Anderson S, Bloom T, Bugalter B, Butler J, Cook A, DeCaprio D, Engels R, Garber M, Gnirke A, Hafez N, Hall JL, Norman CH, Itoh T, Jaffe DB, Kuroki Y, Lehoczky J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Mauceli E, Mikkelsen TS, Naylor JW, Nicol R, Nguyen C, Noguchi H, O'Leary SB, O'Neill K, Piqani B, Smith CL, Talamas JA, Topham K, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Wain HM, Young SK, Zeng Q, Zimmer AR, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Birren BW, Sakaki Y, Lander ES | title=DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 18 | journal=Nature | year=2005 | pages=551–5 | volume=437 | issue=7058 | pmid=16177791 | doi=10.1038/nature03983| bibcode=2005Natur.437..551N | doi-access=free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors=Chen H, Wang N, Huo Y, Sklar P, MacKinnon DF, Potash JB, McMahon FJ, Antonarakis SE, ((DePaulo JR Jr)), Ross CA, McInnis MG | title=Trapping and sequence analysis of 1138 putative exons from human chromosome 18 | journal=Mol Psychiatry | year=2003 | pages=619–23 | volume=8 | issue=6 | pmid=12851638 | doi=10.1038/sj.mp.4001288| doi-access=free }}
• {{cite journal | author=Gilbert F | title=Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 18 | journal=Genet Test | year=1997 | pages=69–71 | volume=1 | issue=1 | doi=10.1089/gte.1997.1.69 | pmid=10464628}}

{{refend}}

{{Commons category|Human chromosome 18}}

• [http://www.chromosome18.org/ Chromosome18.org]
• [http://www.chromosome18eur.org/ Chromosome18 Registry And Research Society in Europe.]
• {{cite web | author= National Institutes of Health | title= Chromosome 18 | work= Genetics Home Reference | url= http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=18 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20040803051751/http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=18 | url-status= dead | archive-date= August 3, 2004 | access-date= 2017-05-06 }}
• {{Cite web|url=http://web.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/chromo18.shtml|title=Chromosome 18|website=Human Genome Project Information Archive 1990–2003|access-date=2017-05-06}}

{{Chromosomes}}

{{Chromosome genetics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chromosome 18 (Human)}}

Category:Chromosomes (human)

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