Cremastosperma

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{automatic taxobox

|image = Cremastosperma yamayakatense (Annonaceae).jpg

|image_caption = Flowering branch of Cremastosperma yamayakatense, from Amazonas, Peru

|taxon = Cremastosperma

|authority = R.E.Fr.

}}

Cremastosperma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Annonaceae, subfamily Malmeoideae, tribe Malmeae.{{Cite journal |author1=Chatrou, L. W. |author2=M. D. Pirie |author3=R. H. J. Erkens |author4=T. L. P. Couvreur |author5=K. M. Neubig |author6=J. R. Abbott |author7=J. B. Mols |author8=P. J. M. Maas |author9=R. M. K. Saunders |author10=M. W. Chase | year = 2012 | title = A new subfamilial and tribal classification of the pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae informed by molecular phylogenetics | journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 169 | pages = S. 4–50 | doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01235.x|doi-access=free }} In 2018 there were 34 recognised species distributed in Central and South America.{{cite journal|last1=Pirie|first1=Michael D.|last2=Chatrou|first2=Lars W.|last3=Maas|first3=Paul J. M.|title=A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species|journal=PhytoKeys|issue=112|year=2018|pages=1–141|issn=1314-2003|doi=10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897|pmid=30524186|pmc=6277488|doi-access=free}}

Cremastosperma was described by Robert Elias Fries in 1930,{{Cite journal |author1=Fries, R.E. | year = 1930 | title = Revision der Arten einiger Anonaceen-Gattungen I. | journal = Acta Horti Bergiani | volume = 10 | pages = 1–128}} based on Aberemoa pedunculata Diels, originally described by Ludwig Diels (1906),{{Cite journal |author1=Diels, L. | year = 1906 | title = Annonaceae andinae | journal = Bot. Jahrb. Syst. | volume = 37| pages = 408–410}} which thus became the type species Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R.E.Fr..

Species of Cremastosperma are found in lowland to pre-montane tropical forest in the Neotropics.{{cite journal|last1=Pirie|first1=Michael D.|last2=Maas|first2=Paul J. M.|last3=Wilschut|first3=Rutger A.|last4=Melchers-Sharrott|first4=Heleen|last5=Chatrou|first5=Lars W.|title=Parallel diversifications of Cremastosperma and Mosannona (Annonaceae), tropical rainforest trees tracking Neogene upheaval of South America|journal=Royal Society Open Science|volume=5|issue=1|year=2018|pages=171561|issn=2054-5703|doi=10.1098/rsos.171561|pmid=29410860|pmc=5792937|bibcode=2018RSOS....571561P}} The greatest species diversity is distributed in the narrow tropical zone to the west of the Andean mountain chain on the Pacific Ocean side of north-western South America, north into Central America{{cite journal|author1=Pirie, M. D.|title=New Species of Cremastosperma (Annonaceae) from Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama|journal=Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants|volume=50|issue=1|year=2005|pages=41–60|issn=0006-5196|doi=10.3767/000651905X623274|url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/565563}} as far as Costa Rica;{{cite journal|last1=Pirie|first1=Michael D.|last2=Chatrou|first2=Lars W.|last3=Maas|first3=Paul J. M.|title=A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species|journal=PhytoKeys|issue=112|year=2018|pages=1–141|issn=1314-2003|doi=10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897|pmid=30524186|pmc=6277488|doi-access=free}} and on the eastern side of the Andes extending from Colombia through eastern Ecuador and Peru as far south as Bolivia. Two species are found in coastal Venezuela (Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas and Cremastosperma venezuelanum Pirie),{{cite journal|author1=Chatrou, L. W.|author2=M. D. Pirie|title=Three New Rarely Collected or Endangered Species of Annonaceae from Venezuela|journal=Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants|volume=50|issue=1|year=2005|pages=33–40|issn=0006-5196|doi=10.3767/000651905X623265|url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/525516}} and one in French Guiana (Cremastosperma brevipes (DC.) R.E.Fr.).