Delftia
{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image =
| taxon = Delftia
| authority = Wen et al. 1999
| type_species = Delftia acidovorans
| synonyms =
}}
File:Delftia_litopenaei_wsw-7.jpg
Delftia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that was first isolated from soil in Delft, Netherlands. The species is named after both the city, and in honor of pioneering research in the field of bacteriology that occurred in Delft. Cells in the genus Delftia are rod shaped and straight or slightly curved. Cells occur singly or in pairs, are 0.4–0.8ɥM wide and 2.5–4.1 μm long. Delftia species are motile by flagella, nonsporulating, and chemo-organotrophic.{{Cite journal|last1=Wen|first1=Aimin|last2=Fegan|first2=Mark|last3=Hayward|first3=Chris|last4=Chakraborty|first4=Sukumar|last5=Sly|first5=Lindsay I.|date=1999|title=Phylogenetic relationships among members of the Comamonadaceae, and description of Delftia acidovorans (den Dooren de Jong 1926 and Tamaoka et al. 1987) gen. nov., comb. nov.|journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology|volume=49|issue=2|pages=567–576|doi=10.1099/00207713-49-2-567|pmid=10319477|issn=1466-5026|doi-access=free}}
Species
- D. acidovorans {{cite journal|last1=Parte|first1=A.C.|title=Delftia|journal=LPSN|url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/delftia}}
- D. deserti
- D. lacustris
- D. litopenaei
- D. tsuruhatensis
- D. rhizosphaerae{{cite journal |last1=Carro |first1=Lorena |last2=Mulas |first2=Rebeca |last3=Pastor-Bueis |first3=Raquel |last4=Blanco |first4=Daniel |last5=Terron |first5=Arsenio |last6=Gonzalez-Andres |first6=Fernando |last7=Peix |first7=Alvaro |last8=Velazquez |first8=Encarna |title=Delftia rhizosphaerae sp. nov. isolated from the rhizosphere of Cistus ladanifer |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |date=1 June 2017 |volume=67 |issue=6 |pages=1957–1960 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.001892 |pmid=28629496 |doi-access=free }}
Notable Characteristics
Delftia species are known for their unique metabolic abilities to break down or transform a variety of pollutants. They can degrade acetaminophen,{{Cite journal|last1=De Gusseme|first1=Bart|last2=Vanhaecke|first2=Lynn|last3=Verstraete|first3=Willy|last4=Boon|first4=Nico|date=2011-02-01|title=Degradation of acetaminophen by Delftia tsuruhatensis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a membrane bioreactor|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135410008183|journal=Water Research|language=en|volume=45|issue=4|pages=1829–1837|doi=10.1016/j.watres.2010.11.040|pmid=21167545|issn=0043-1354|url-access=subscription}} PAHs,{{Cite journal|last1=Wu|first1=Wenyang|last2=Huang|first2=Haiying|last3=Ling|first3=Zhenmin|last4=Yu|first4=Zhengsheng|last5=Jiang|first5=Yiming|last6=Liu|first6=Pu|last7=Li|first7=Xiangkai|date=2016-01-01|title=Genome sequencing reveals mechanisms for heavy metal resistance and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation in Delftia lacustris strain LZ-C|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-015-1583-9|journal=Ecotoxicology|language=en|volume=25|issue=1|pages=234–247|doi=10.1007/s10646-015-1583-9|pmid=26589947|s2cid=7203751|issn=1573-3017|url-access=subscription}}{{Cite journal|last1=Shetty|first1=Ameesha R.|last2=de Gannes|first2=Vidya|last3=Obi|first3=Chioma C.|last4=Lucas|first4=Susan|last5=Lapidus|first5=Alla|last6=Cheng|first6=Jan-Fang|last7=Goodwin|first7=Lynne A.|last8=Pitluck|first8=Samuel|last9=Peters|first9=Linda|last10=Mikhailova|first10=Natalia|last11=Teshima|first11=Hazuki|date=2015-08-15|title=Complete genome sequence of the phenanthrene-degrading soil bacterium Delftia acidovorans Cs1-4|url= |journal=Standards in Genomic Sciences|volume=10|issue=1|pages=55|doi=10.1186/s40793-015-0041-x|issn=1944-3277|pmc=4572682|pmid=26380642 |doi-access=free }} chloroaniline,{{Cite journal|last1=Zhang|first1=Li-li|last2=He|first2=Dan|last3=Chen|first3=Jian-meng|last4=Liu|first4=Yu|date=2010-07-15|title=Biodegradation of 2-chloroaniline, 3-chloroaniline, and 4-chloroaniline by a novel strain Delftia tsuruhatensis H1|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389410003924|journal=Journal of Hazardous Materials|language=en|volume=179|issue=1|pages=875–882|doi=10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.03.086|pmid=20417029|issn=0304-3894|url-access=subscription}} and herbicides.{{Cite journal|last1=Leibeling|first1=Sabine|last2=Schmidt|first2=Frank|last3=Jehmlich|first3=Nico|last4=von Bergen|first4=Martin|last5=Müller|first5=Roland H.|last6=Harms|first6=Hauke|date=2010-05-15|title=Declining Capacity of Starving Delftia acidovorans MC1 to Degrade Phenoxypropionate Herbicides Correlates with Oxidative Modification of the Initial Enzyme|url=https://doi.org/10.1021/es903619j|journal=Environmental Science & Technology|volume=44|issue=10|pages=3793–3799|doi=10.1021/es903619j|pmid=20397636|bibcode=2010EnST...44.3793L|issn=0013-936X|url-access=subscription}} They can also detoxify heavy metals, such as cadmium{{Cite journal|last1=Liu|first1=Yuling|last2=Tie|first2=Boqing|last3=Li|first3=Yuanxinglu|last4=Lei|first4=Ming|last5=Wei|first5=Xiangdong|last6=Liu|first6=Xiaoli|last7=Du|first7=Huihui|date=2018-11-15|title=Inoculation of soil with cadmium-resistant bacterium Delftia sp. B9 reduces cadmium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651318306766|journal=Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety|language=en|volume=163|pages=223–229|doi=10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.081|pmid=30055387|s2cid=51905221 |issn=0147-6513|url-access=subscription}} and gold.{{Cite journal|last1=Johnston|first1=Chad W.|last2=Wyatt|first2=Morgan A.|last3=Li|first3=Xiang|last4=Ibrahim|first4=Ashraf|last5=Shuster|first5=Jeremiah|last6=Southam|first6=Gordon|last7=Magarvey|first7=Nathan A.|date=2013|title=Gold biomineralization by a metallophore from a gold-associated microbe|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nchembio.1179|journal=Nature Chemical Biology|language=en|volume=9|issue=4|pages=241–243|doi=10.1038/nchembio.1179|pmid=23377039 |issn=1552-4469|url-access=subscription}}