Demographics of Argentina#Population dynamics

{{Historical populations

|footnote = Source:{{cite web|title=Portal población|url=https://www.indec.gob.ar/nivel2_default.asp?id_tema=2&seccion=P|website=INDEC|access-date=23 February 2018}}

| percentages = pagr

|1650 | 298000

|1778 | 420900

|1800 | 551500

|1809 | 609200

|1825 | 766400

|1839 | 926300

|1857 | 1299600

|1869 | 1830214

|1895 | 4044911

|1914 | 7903662

|1947 | 15893811

|1960 | 20013793

|1970 | 23364431

|1980 | 27949480

|1991 | 32615528

|2001 | 36260130

|2010 | 40117096

|2022 | 46044703

}}

Sources: Pantelides and National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina{{citation|url=http://webiigg.sociales.uba.ar/pobmigra/archivos/Ramiro_Flores/Crecimiento.pdf|pages=2, 10|title=El crecimiento de la población argentina|author=Ramiro A. Flores Cruz|access-date=4 August 2018|archive-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025124711/http://webiigg.sociales.uba.ar/pobmigra/archivos/Ramiro_Flores/Crecimiento.pdf|url-status=dead}}

{{See also|List of cities in Argentina by population}}

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = By 2022 census, the % of the population living in:

|label1 = Buenos Aires

|value1 = 35.84

|color1 = #191970

|label2 = Córdoba

|value2 = 4.06

|color2 = #1630BE

|label3 = Rosario

|value3 = 3.34

|color3 = #0E4BEF

|label4 = Mendoza

|value4 = 2.72

|color4 = #318CE7

|label5 = Tucumán

|value5 = 2.35

|color5 = #0CB7F2

|label6 = Rest of Argentina

|value6 = 51.69

|color6 = Lightblue

}}

Argentina is highly urbanized, with the ten largest metropolitan areas accounting for half of the population, and fewer than one in ten living in rural areas. About 3 million people live in Buenos Aires proper, and including suburban Greater Buenos Aires the metropolitan area totals around 14 million - making it one of the 15 largest urban areas in the world.{{cite web|url=http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1484 |title=Major Cities |publisher=Government of Argentina |access-date=2009-09-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919212817/http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1484 |archive-date=19 September 2009 |df=dmy }} The metropolitan areas of Córdoba and Rosario have around 1.3 million inhabitants each, and six other cities (Mendoza, Tucumán, La Plata, Mar del Plata, Salta and Santa Fe){{cite web|url=http://turismo.municipalidad-salta.gov.ar:8081/ubicacion.aspx |title=Ubicacion |publisher=Directorate-General of Tourism, Municipality of the City of Salta |access-date=2009-09-03 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117032939/http://turismo.municipalidad-salta.gov.ar:8081/ubicacion.aspx |archive-date=17 January 2010 |df=dmy }} have at least half a million people each.

The population is unequally distributed amongst the provinces, with 61% living in the Pampa region (21% of the total area), including 17.5 million people in Buenos Aires Province, 4 million in Córdoba Province, and over 3 million each in Santa Fe Province and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Eight other provinces each have over one million people: Mendoza, Tucumán, Salta, Entre Ríos, Misiones, Corrientes, Chaco, and Santiago del Estero. Tucumán is the most densely populated (with 75 inhabitants/km², the only Argentine province more densely populated than the world average), while the southern province of Santa Cruz has just 1.4 inhabitant/km².{{cite web|url=http://www.indec.mecon.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/2/proyecciones_provinciales_vol31.pdf |title=Proyecciones provinciales de población por sexo y grupos de edad 2001–2015 |access-date=2008-06-24 |work=Gustavo Pérez |publisher=INDEC |page=16 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706084227/http://www.indec.mecon.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/2/proyecciones_provinciales_vol31.pdf |archive-date=6 July 2011 |df=dmy }}

In the mid-19th century, a large wave of immigration started to arrive to Argentina due to new constitutional policies that encouraged immigration, and issues in the countries the immigrants came from such as wars, poverty, hunger, famines, pursuit of a better life, among other reasons. The main immigration sources were from Europe, the countries from the Near and Middle East, Russia and Japan. In fact, the immigration torrent was so strong that Argentina eventually received the second-largest number of immigrants in the world, second only to the US and ahead of such immigrant receptor countries such as Canada, Brazil, Australia, etc.{{cite web|url=http://www.cels.org.ar/Site_cels/publicaciones/informes_pdf/1998.Capitulo7.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610215422/http://www.cels.org.ar/Site_cels/publicaciones/informes_pdf/1998.Capitulo7.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Capítulo VII. Inmigrantes|work=CELS|archive-date=10 June 2007|access-date=15 January 2018}}{{cite web|url=http://docentes.fe.unl.pt/~satpeg/PapersInova/Labor%20and%20Immigration%20in%20LA-2005.pdf |title=European Immigration into Latin America, 1870–1930 |last=Sánchez-Alonso |first=Blanca |publisher=Universidad San Pablo-CEU |location=Madrid |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814202421/http://docentes.fe.unl.pt/~satpeg/PapersInova/Labor%20and%20Immigration%20in%20LA-2005.pdf |archive-date=14 August 2011 }}

File:Inmigrantes_españoles_en_el_pueblo_de_Arias,_provincia_de_Córdoba,_Argentina.jpg, Córdoba.]]

Most of these European immigrants settled in the cities which offered jobs, education and other opportunities enabling them to enter the middle class. Many also settled in the growing small towns along the expanding railway system and since the 1930s many rural workers have moved to the big cities.Rock, David. Argentina, 1516–1982. University of California Press, 1987.

Urban areas reflect the influence of European immigration, and most of the larger ones feature boulevards and diagonal avenues inspired by the redevelopment of Paris. Argentine cities were originally built in a colonial Spanish grid style, centered on a plaza overlooked by a cathedral and important government buildings. Many still retain this general layout, known as a damero, meaning checkerboard, since it is based on a pattern of square blocks. The city of La Plata, designed at the end of the 19th century by Pedro Benoit, combines the checkerboard layout with added diagonal avenues at fixed intervals, and was the first in South America with electric street lighting.{{cite web|url=http://www.edelap.com.ar/120/llego.htm |title=EDELAP – 120 años de alumbrado público |publisher=Edelap.com.ar |access-date=2010-04-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513053936/http://www.edelap.com.ar/120/llego.htm |archive-date=13 May 2011 |df=dmy }}

{{smaller|^a Not including claims to the Islas Malvinas (Falkland Islands) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.}}

File:Argentina_2022_population_pyramid.svg|National pyramid

File:Province_of_Buenos_Aires_2022_population_pyramid.svg|Buenos Aires

File:Córdoba 2022 population pyramid.svg|Córdoba

File:Santa Fe 2022 population pyramid.svg|Santa Fe

File:City of Buenos Aires 2022 population pyramid.svg|Buenos Aires City

File:Misiones 2022 population pyramid.svg|Misiones

File:Chaco 2022 population pyramid.svg|Chaco

File:Santiago del Estero 2022 population pyramid.svg|Santiago del Estero

File:Neuquén 2022 population pyramid.svg|Neuquén

File:Formosa 2022 population pyramid.svg|Formosa

File:Santa Cruz 2022 population pyramid.svg|Santa Cruz

File:Tierra del Fuego 2022 population pyramid.svg|Tierra del Fuego

According to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population was {{UN_Population|Argentina}} in {{UN_Population|Year}} - double the number in 1966 (for a 1.27% average annual growth rate in that period). The population below the age of 15 in 2022 was 22%, 66% was between 15 and 64, while 12% was 65 or older.

{{Hidden begin

|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (18.V.2022): {{Cite web |title=Estructura por sexo y edad de la población: Total del país. Total de población, por sexo registrado al nacer e índice de feminidad, según edad. Año 2022 |url=https://censo.gob.ar/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/c2022_tp_est_c4.xlsx|work=INDEC|date=November 2023}}

|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;

}}

{{Hidden end}}

{{Hidden begin

|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (27.X.2010): {{cite web|url=https://www.indec.gob.ar/indec/web/Nivel4-CensoNacional-3-6-Censo-2010|title=Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2010|work=INDEC}}

|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;

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{{Hidden end}}

The table below gives an overview of the number of birth and deaths in Argentina during the past century. Several sources were combined to compile the table.{{cite book|author=B.R. Mitchell|title=International Historical Statistics: The Americas, 1750–1993|page=79-81; 90-91}}{{cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYBHist/HistTab01.pdf|title=UN Demographic Yearbook: 1997 - Historical Supplement|website=Unstats.un.org}}{{cite web |url=https://www.argentina.gob.ar/salud/deis/publicaciones |title=Publicaciones de la DEIS: Serie 5 - Estadísticas Vitales |date=1980–2020}}

The number of births in 2023 (460,902) was 41% below the record set in 2014, while the number of deaths was 353,428. As the population of Argentina showed a five-fold increase during the past century, the birth rate in 2023 (9.9) was a record low - now comparable to most European countries.

Death rates declined rapidly in the half century until around 1940 - then more gradually as the country's population aged. The death rate in 2023 (7.6) was near historic lows after having briefly risen in 2021 to the highest rate (9.5) since 1947 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Birth rates were relatively stable from 1934 through 1980, and after declining stabilized from 1995 to 2015 - before again declining sharply since then.

File:Arg 23.png

Total fertility rate (TFR) in Argentina by province as of 2023:

{{ChartDisplay|definition=Argentina Total Population.chart|data=Argentina Total Population.tab|Width=600}}

{{ChartDisplay|definition=Argentina Population Change.chart|data=Argentina Population Change.tab|Width=600}}

{{ChartDisplay|definition=Argentina Infant Mortality.chart|data=Argentina Infant Mortality.tab|Width=600}}

{{ChartDisplay|definition=Argentina TFR.chart|data=Argentina TFR.tab|Width=600}}

The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates of vital statistics of Argentina.

{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/|title=World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations|website=esa.un.org}}

File:Population development of Argentina.svg

Argentina's population continues to grow but at a slower rate because of its steadily declining birth rate. Argentina's fertility decline began earlier than in the rest of Latin America, occurring most rapidly between the early 20th century and the 1930s and then becoming more gradual.

Life expectancy has been improving, most notably among the young and the poor.

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review.{{citation|url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/argentina-population/|title=Argentina Population 2018|website=World Population Review}}

• One birth every 1 minute
• One death every 1.4 minutes
• One net migrant every 111 minutes
• Net gain of one person every 3 minutes

{{main|Ethnic groups of Argentina|Immigration to Argentina}}

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Ethno-racial groups in Argentina (2022 census)

|label1 = Undeclared (mainly White, Mixed and East Asian)

|value1 = 96.5

|color1 = White

|label2 = Native

|value2 = 2.8

|color2 = #d62728

|label3 = Black

|value3 = 0.7

|color3 = #2ca02c

}}

In colonial times, the ethnic composition of Argentina was the result of the interaction of the pre-Columbian indigenous population with a colonizing population of Spanish origin and with sub-Saharan African slaves. Before the middle 19th century, the ethnic make up of Argentina was very similar to that of other countries of Latin America.{{cite web|url=https://www.fsigeneticssup.com/action/showPdf?pii=S1875-1768%2809%2900243-1|title=The genetic composition of Argentina prior to the massive immigration era: Insights from matrilineages of extant criollos in central-western Argentina}}{{Cite journal|title=Population structure in Argentina|first1=Marina|last1=Muzzio|first2=Josefina M. B.|last2=Motti|first3=Paula B.|last3=Paz Sepulveda|first4=Muh-ching|last4=Yee|first5=Thomas|last5=Cooke|first6=María R.|last6=Santos|first7=Virginia|last7=Ramallo|first8=Emma L.|last8=Alfaro|first9=Jose E.|last9=Dipierri|first10=Graciela|last10=Bailliet|first11=Claudio M.|last11=Bravi|first12=Carlos D.|last12=Bustamante|first13=Eimear E.|last13=Kenny|date=1 May 2018|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=13|issue=5|pages=e0196325|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0196325|pmid=29715266|pmc=5929549|bibcode=2018PLoSO..1396325M|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|title=High interpopulation homogeneity in Central Argentina as assessed by Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMs)|first1=Angelina|last1=García|first2=Darío A.|last2=Dermarchi|first3=Luciana|last3=Tovo-Rodrigues|first4=Maia|last4=Pauro|first5=Sidia M.|last5=Callegari-Jacques|first6=Francisco M.|last6=Salzano|first7=Mara H.|last7=Hutz|first8=Angelina|last8=García|first9=Darío A.|last9=Dermarchi|first10=Luciana|last10=Tovo-Rodrigues|first11=Maia|last11=Pauro|first12=Sidia M.|last12=Callegari-Jacques|first13=Francisco M.|last13=Salzano|first14=Mara H.|last14=Hutz|date=1 September 2015|journal=Genetics and Molecular Biology|volume=38|issue=3|pages=324–331|doi=10.1590/S1415-475738320140260|pmid=26500436|pmc=4612595}}{{Cite journal|title=Argentine Population Genetic Structure: Large Variance in Amerindian Contribution|first1=Michael F.|last1=Seldin|first2=Chao|last2=Tian|first3=Russell|last3=Shigeta|first4=Hugo R.|last4=Scherbarth|first5=Gabriel|last5=Silva|first6=John W.|last6=Belmont|first7=Rick|last7=Kittles|first8=Susana|last8=Gamron|first9=Alberto|last9=Allevi|first10=Simon A.|last10=Palatnik|first11=Alejandro|last11=Alvarellos|first12=Sergio|last12=Paira|first13=Cesar|last13=Caprarulo|first14=Carolina|last14=Guillerón|first15=Luis J.|last15=Catoggio|first16=Cristina|last16=Prigione|first17=Guillermo A.|last17=Berbotto|first18=Mercedes A.|last18=García|first19=Carlos E.|last19=Perandones|first20=Bernardo A.|last20=Pons-Estel|first21=Marta E.|last21=Alarcon-Riquelme|date=1 March 2007|journal=American Journal of Physical Anthropology|volume=132|issue=3|pages=455–462|doi=10.1002/ajpa.20534|pmid=17177183|pmc=3142769}} Between 1857 and 1950 Argentina was the country with the second biggest immigration wave in the world, at 6.6 million, second only to the United States in the numbers of immigrants received (27 million) and ahead of other areas of new settlement like Canada, Brazil and Australia.{{cite web|url=http://www.cels.org.ar/Site_cels/publicaciones/informes_pdf/1998.Capitulo7.pdf|title=Capítulo VII. Inmigrantes|date=10 June 2007|access-date=3 December 2017|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610215422/http://www.cels.org.ar/Site_cels/publicaciones/informes_pdf/1998.Capitulo7.pdf|archive-date=10 June 2007}}{{cite web|url=http://docentes.fe.unl.pt/~satpeg/PapersInova/Labor+and+Immigration+in+LA-2005.pdf|title=European immigration into Latin America, 1870–1930|date=14 August 2011|access-date=3 December 2017|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814202421/http://docentes.fe.unl.pt/~satpeg/PapersInova/Labor%20and%20Immigration%20in%20LA-2005.pdf|archive-date=14 August 2011}} However, mass European immigration did not have the same impact in the whole country. According to the 1914 national census, 30% of Argentina's population was foreign-born, including 50% of the people in the city of Buenos Aires, but foreigners were only 2% in the provinces of Catamarca and La Rioja (North West region). Strikingly, at those times, the national population doubled every two decades. This belief is endured in the popular saying "{{Lang|es|los argentinos descienden de los barcos}}" ('Argentines descend from the ships'). Therefore, most Argentines are descended from the 19th- and 20th-century immigrants of the great European immigration wave to Argentina (1850–1955),{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LcabJ98-t1wC&pg=PA93 |title=Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI |isbn=978-970-757-052-8 |last=Fernández |first=Francisco Lizcano |year=2007 |page=93 |publisher=National Autonomous University of Mexico |language=es }} with a great majority of these immigrants coming from diverse European countries, particularly Italy and Spain.

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Genetic ancestry of the average Argentine gene pool according to Caputo et al. (2021) using X-DIPs (matrilineal).{{cite journal|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00438-020-01755-w|title=Ancestral genetic legacy of the extant population of Argentina as predicted by autosomal and X-chromosomal DIPs|year=2021|doi=10.1007/s00438-020-01755-w|access-date=13 February 2021|last1=Caputo|first1=M.|last2=Amador|first2=M. A.|last3=Sala|first3=A.|last4=Riveiro Dos Santos|first4=A.|last5=Santos|first5=S.|last6=Corach|first6=D.|journal=Molecular Genetics and Genomics|volume=296|issue=3|pages=581–590|pmid=33580820|s2cid=231911367|archive-date=13 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613013445/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00438-020-01755-w|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}

|label1 = Caucasian Contribution

|value1 = 77.8

|color1 = Blue

|label2 = Amerindian Contribution

|value2 = 18.0

|color2 = Red

|label3 = Sub-Saharan Contribution

|value3 = 4.2

|color3 = Green

}}

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Genetic ancestry of the Argentine gene pool according to Hoburguer et al. (2015){{cite journal| title= Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America | date= 2015 | pmc= 4670080 | last1= Homburger | first1= J. R. | last2= Moreno-Estrada | first2= A. | last3= Gignoux | first3= C. R. | last4= Nelson | first4= D. | last5= Sanchez | first5= E. | last6= Ortiz-Tello | first6= P. | last7= Pons-Estel | first7= B. A. | last8= Acevedo-Vasquez | first8= E. | last9= Miranda | first9= P. | last10= Langefeld | first10= C. D. | last11= Gravel | first11= S. | last12= Alarcón-Riquelme | first12= M. E. | last13= Bustamante | first13= C. D. | journal= PLOS Genetics | volume= 11 | issue= 12 | pages= e1005602 | doi= 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 | pmid= 26636962 | doi-access= free }}

|label1 = Caucasian Contribution

|value1 = 67.3

|color1 = Blue

|label2 = Amerindian Contribution

|value2 = 27.7

|color2 = Red

|label3 = Sub-Saharan Contribution

|value3 = 3.6

|color3 = Green

|label4 = East Asian Contribution

|value4 = 1.4

|color4 = Yellow

}}

{{main|Argentine Amerindians}}

File:Argentina - Delegación mapuche en Buenos Aires (1920).jpg in Buenos Aires, 1920]]

File:Distribution_of_indigenous_people_in_Argentina,_2022.svg in each department (2022).]]

According to the data of INDEC's Complementary Survey of Indigenous Peoples (ECPI) 2004–2005, 600,000 officially recognized indigenous people (about 1.4% of the total population) reside in Argentina. The most numerous of these communities are the Mapuches, who live mostly in the south, the Kollas and Wichís, from the northwest, and the Guaranis and Qom, who live mostly in the northeast.

In the census of 2010, 955,032 people self recognized as indigenous or descendants of indigenous peoples, thus representing 2.4% of the national population. This is without prejudice that more than half of the population has at least one indigenous ancestor, although in most cases family memory lost that origin.

{{main|Afro-Argentines}}

File:Distribution_of_afro_descendant_people_in_Argentina,_2022.svg in each department (2022).]]

Since 2013, November 8 has been celebrated as the National Day of Afro-Argentines and African Culture. The date was chosen to commemorate the recorded date for the death of María Remedios del Valle, a rabona and guerrilla fighter, who served with the Army of the North in the war of Independence.{{cite book |last1=Ghidoli |first1=María de Lourdes |title=Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro–Latin American Biography |title-link=Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro-Latin American Biography |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-199-93579-6 |editor-last1=Knight |editor-first1=Franklin W. |location=Oxford, England |translator-last=Cronin |translator-first=Kate Adlena |chapter=Valle, María Remedios del (?–1847) |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199935796.001.0001 |editor-last2=Gates |editor-first2=Henry Louis Jr.}}{{cite book|last=Hossein|first=Caroline Shenaz|title=The Black Social Economy in the Americas: Exploring Diverse Community-Based Markets|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dnk2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA120|year=2017|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US|location=New York, New York|isbn=978-1-137-60047-9|page=120}}

File:Santiago Lovell.jpg, Argentine boxer and gold medalist at the 1932 Summer Olympics]]

The black population in Argentina declined since the middle 19th century from 15% of the total population in 1857 (Blacks and Mulatto people), to less than 0.5% at present (mainly mulattoes and immigrants from Cape Verde).

Afro-Argentines were up to a third of the population during colonial times; most were slaves brought from Africa to work for the criollos. The 1813 Assembly abolished slavery and led to the Freedom of Wombs Law of 1813, which automatically freed slaves' children at birth. Many Afro-Argentines contributed to the independence of Argentina such as María Remedios del Valle who is known as {{Lang|es|La Madre de la Patria}} ('mother of the fatherland') and Sgt. Juan Bautista Cabral. Also there is a debate, among the historians, as to whether or not Bernardino Rivadavia, the first president of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (Present Argentina) had African ancestors.{{cite journal |url= http://revistas.unam.mx/index.php/archipielago/article/view/20033/19024 |title= La negritud pasado y presente en Argentina |journal=Archipielago. Revista Cultural de Nuestra América |date=2008 |volume=16 | issue=60 |last1=Martín |first1=Norma Pérez }}

{{main|Immigration to Argentina}}

File:Lionel Messi WC2022.jpg, the football player with the most titles.]]

As with other areas of new settlement such as Canada, Australia, the United States, Brazil, and New Zealand, Argentina is considered a country of immigrants.{{cite web|url=http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1669|title=About Argentina|publisher=Government of Argentina|access-date=2009-09-01|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919230812/http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1669|archive-date=19 September 2009|df=dmy-all}} When it is considered that Argentina was second only to the United States (27 million of immigrants) in the number of immigrants received, even ahead of such other areas of new settlement like Canada, Brazil and Australia; and that the country was scarcely populated following its independence, the impact of the immigration to Argentina becomes evident.

In the last national census, based on self-identification, 952,032 Argentines (2.4% of the population) declared to be Amerindians.{{cite web|url=http://www.indec.gov.ar/webcenso/ECPI/index_ecpi.asp|publisher=National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina|title=Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas 2004–2005|language=es|access-date=15 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611004448/http://www.indec.gov.ar/webcenso/ECPI/index_ecpi.asp|archive-date=11 June 2008|url-status=dead}} Most of the 6.2 million European immigrants arriving between 1850 and 1950, regardless of origin, settled in several regions of the country. Due to this large-scale European immigration, Argentina's population more than doubled.

File:Carlos Gardel posa para la Revista "Sintonía" leyendo uno de sus ejemplares.png is the most famous representative of Tango.]]

File:Non-native population in Argentina.png

The majority of these European immigrants came from Spain and Italy.

Thousands of immigrants also came from France, Germany, England, Portugal, Brazil, Switzerland, Wales, Scotland, Poland, Albania, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Russia, Ukraine, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Romania, Bulgaria, Armenia, Greece, Lithuania, Estonia, and Latvia.

Italian population in Argentina arrived mainly from the northern Italian regions varying between Piedmont, Veneto and Lombardy, later from Campania and Calabria;{{cite web |url=http://www.feditalia.org.ar/arg/federaciones/feditalia_org_fed_regionales.html |title=Federaciones Regionales |publisher=Feditalia.org.ar |access-date=2010-04-25 |archive-date=2 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502020738/http://www.feditalia.org.ar/arg/federaciones/feditalia_org_fed_regionales.html |url-status=dead }}

Spanish immigrants were mainly Galicians and Basques.{{cite web|url=http://www.cdtradition.net/historical-references.php |title=Historical references |publisher=Cdtradition.net |access-date=2010-04-25 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100108073617/http://www.cdtradition.net/historical-references.php |archive-date=8 January 2010 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.monografias.com/trabajos14/gallegos/gallegos.shtml |title=Monografías |publisher=Monografias.com |date=7 May 2007 |access-date=2010-04-25}}

Thousands of immigrants also came from France (notably Béarn and the Northern Basque Country), Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Greece, Portugal, Finland, Russia and the United Kingdom.{{cite news|last=Chavez |first=Lydia |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/06/23/travel/fare-of-the-country-teatime-a-bit-of-britain-in-argentina.html?sec=travel |title=New York Times: A bit of Britain in Argentina |work=The New York Times |date=23 June 1985 |access-date=2010-04-25}} The Welsh settlement in Patagonia, known as Y Wladfa, began in 1865; mainly along the coast of Chubut Province. In addition to the main colony in Chubut, a smaller colony was set up in Santa Fe and another group settled at Coronel Suárez, southern Buenos Aires Province.{{cite book | editor= Diarmuid Ó Néill| first=Paul W. |last=Birt | year=2005 | title=Rebuilding the Celtic Languages | publisher=Y Lolfa | location=Talybont | page=146 | chapter=Welsh (in Argentina) | isbn=0-86243-723-7}} Of the 50,000 Patagonians of Welsh descent, about 5,000 are Welsh speakers.{{cite web |title=Wales and Argentina |url=http://www.wales.com/en/content/cms/english/wales_and_argentina/wales_and_argentina.aspx |publisher=Welsh Assembly Government |year=2008 |access-date=24 December 2010 |work=Wales.com website |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716170650/http://www.wales.com/en/content/cms/english/wales_and_argentina/wales_and_argentina.aspx |archive-date=16 July 2011 |df=dmy-all }} The community is centered on the cities of Gaiman, Trelew and Trevelin.{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cfQRcvqSW7UC&pg=PA175| first=Peter |last=Berresford Ellis |author-link=Peter Berresford Ellis |year=1983 | title=The Celtic revolution: a study in anti-imperialism | publisher=Y Lolfa |location=Talybont | pages=175–178 |isbn=0-86243-096-8}}

File:Immigrants in Argentina (2001).png

According to the INDEC 1,531,940 of the Argentine resident population in 2001 were born outside Argentina, representing 4.22% of the total Argentine resident population.[http://www.indec.gov.ar/webcenso/aquisecuenta/Aqui12.pdf Tendencias recientes de la inmigración internacional] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824231326/http://www.indec.gov.ar/webcenso/aquisecuenta/aqui12.pdf |date=24 August 2007 }} INDEC[http://www.eclac.cl/migracion/imila/ Investigación de la Migración Internacional en Latinoamérica (IMILA)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514041701/http://www.eclac.cl/migracion/imila/ |date=14 May 2008 }} Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE). Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). In 2010, 1,805,957 of the Argentine resident population were born outside Argentina, representing 4.50% of the total Argentine resident population.[http://www.indec.gov.ar/cgibin/RpWebEngine.exe/PortalAction?&MODE=MAIN&BASE=CPV2001ARG&MAIN=WebServerMain.inl Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2001] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140603160343/http://www.indec.gov.ar/cgibin/RpWebEngine.exe/PortalAction?&MODE=MAIN&BASE=CPV2001ARG&MAIN=WebServerMain.inl |date=3 June 2014 }} INDEC.{{cite press release |title=Cuadro P6. Total del país. Población total nacida en el extranjero por lugar de nacimiento, según sexo y grupos de edad. Año 2010 |url=http://www.censo2010.indec.gov.ar/cuadrosDefinitivos/Total_pais/P6-P_Total_pais.xls |publisher=INDEC |access-date=2011-09-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902220648/http://www.censo2010.indec.gov.ar/cuadrosDefinitivos/Total_pais/P6-P_Total_pais.xls |archive-date=2 September 2011 |df=dmy-all }} As of July 2023, more than 18,500 Russians have come to Argentina after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022.{{cite web |title=Undertones: Inside Russian influencer chats in Argentina |url=https://globalvoices.org/2023/07/20/undertones-inside-russian-influencer-chats-in-argentina/ |website=Global Voices |language=en |date=20 July 2023}}

Illegal immigration has been a recent factor in Argentine demographics. Most illegal immigrants come from Bolivia and Paraguay, countries which border Argentina to the north. Smaller numbers arrive from Peru and Ecuador.

The Argentine government estimates that 750,000 inhabitants lack official documents and has launched a program called Patria Grande ("Greater Homeland"){{cite web |url=http://www.patriagrande.gov.ar/ |title=Patria Grande |publisher=Patriagrande.gov.ar |access-date=2010-04-25 |archive-date=23 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723172541/http://www.patriagrande.gov.ar/ |url-status=dead }} to encourage illegal immigrants to regularize their status; so far over 670,000 applications have been processed under the program.{{cite web|url=http://www.perfil.com/contenidos/2007/07/21/noticia_0035.html |title=Alientan la mudanza de extranjeros hacia el interior – Sociedad – |publisher=Perfil.com |access-date=2010-04-25}}

File:Indigenous_peoples_in_Argentina_in_2022_population_pyramid.svg|alt=|Native Argentines

File:Afro_descendant_peoples_in_Argentina_in_2022_population_pyramid.svg|alt=|Black Argentines

{{Main|Languages of Argentina}}

The official language of Argentina is Spanish, and it is spoken by practically the entire population in several different accents. {{Citation needed|date=December 2009}} The most common variation of Spanish in Argentina is the Rioplatense Spanish ({{Langx|es|link=no|castellano rioplatense}}), and it is so named because it evolved in the central areas around the Río de la Plata basin. Its distinctive feature is widespread voseo, the use of the pronoun vos instead of tú for the second person singular. Additionally, the Argentinian accent sounds identical to Portuguese in the words that begin with 'll' or 'yo', and all the words in Portuguese that begin with 'ch'. For example, the following sentence English: What is your name? Portuguese: como se chama? Spanish: Como se llama? - 'chama' & 'llama' are pronounced as though they were spelled "Shama"in both Argentinian Spanish and Portuguese. Moreover, the sound shift of all of the words in Spanish that begin with "ll" or 'y' but sound like 'sh' i.e., 'llorar' 'llama, 'llegar' & 'yo'. In Portuguese the words that begin with 'ch' always sound like 'sh'. There are many more words like these shown above. The mutual intelligibility between Spanish and Portuguese is already high, but the 'sh' sound increases the intelligibility between both languages even more.

Many Argentines also speak other European languages (Italian, German, Portuguese, French, Welsh, Swedish and Croatian, as examples) due to the vast number of immigrants from Europe that came to Argentina.

English language is a required subject in many schools, and there are also many private English-teaching academies and institutions. Young people have become accustomed to English through movies and the Internet, and knowledge of the language is also required in most jobs, so most middle-class children and teenagers now speak, read and/or understand it with various degrees of proficiency. According to an official cultural consumption survey conducted in 2006, 42.3% of Argentines claim to speak some English (though only 15.4% of those claimed to have a high level of English comprehension).

There are sources of around one million Levantine Arabic speakers in Argentina, as a result of immigration from the Middle East, mostly from Syria and Lebanon.

Standard German is spoken by around 500,000Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=AR Online version: Languages of Argentina], Retrieved on 2007-01-02.WorldLanguage [http://www.worldlanguage.com/Italian/Countries/Argentina.htm website]. Retrieved on 2007-01-29 Argentines of German ancestry, though the number may be as high as 3,800,000 according to some sources.{{cite web|url=http://www.swissinfo.org/spa/swissinfo.html?siteSect=43&sid=7080052|title=Rápida recuperación económica tras la grave crisis|website=Swissinfo.org|access-date=15 January 2018|archive-date=30 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930215817/http://www.swissinfo.org/spa/swissinfo.html?siteSect=43&sid=7080052|url-status=dead}} German is the third or fourth most spoken language in Argentina.

There is a prosperous community of Argentine Welsh-speakers of approximately 25,000{{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=AR |title=Language of Argentina |access-date=2008-08-21 |author=Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. |year=2005 |work=Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition |publisher=SIL International |quote=Welsh (25,000) }} in the province of Chubut, in the Patagonia region, who descend from 19th century immigrants.

{{multiple issues|section=yes|1=

{{update|section|date=February 2017}}

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{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Religion in Argentina (2021){{cite web | url=https://es.statista.com/grafico/28553/las-religiones-mas-comunes-en-latinoamerica/ | title=Infografía: Catolicismo y evangelismo: Las dos religiones más comunes en Latinoamérica | date=26 October 2022 }}

|label1 = Catholicism

|value1 = 48.9

|color1 = #870074

|label2 = Evangelicalism

|value2 = 7.0

|color2 = DarkOrchid

|label3 = No religion

|value3 = 39.8

|color3 = White

|label4 = Islam

|value4 = 1.5

|color4 = Green

|label5 = Judaism

|value5 = 1.0

|color5 = Blue

|label6 = Buddhism

|value6 = 0.5

|color6 = Yellow

|label7 = Hinduism

|value7 = 0.1

|color7 = Orange

|label8 = Others

|value8 = 1.2

|color8 = Black}}

File:Catedral de Córdoba, Argentina.jpg.]]

The Constitution guarantees freedom of religion, but until 1994 the President and Vice President had to be Catholic. The society, culture, and politics of Argentina are deeply imbued with Roman Catholicism.{{cite web |url=http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/countries/argentina |title=Argentina |publisher=Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs |access-date=2011-12-05}}

Estimates for the number of Roman Catholics vary from 70% of the population,Marita Carballo. Valores good food here al cambio del milenio {{ISBN|950-794-064-2}}. [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/702434 Cited] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513094639/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/702434 |date=13 May 2011 }} in La Nación, 8 May 2005 to as much as 90%.{{cite web|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71446.htm|title=Argentina|work=International Religious Freedom Report|publisher=U.S. Department of State|year=2006|access-date=2009-09-01}} The CIA Factbook lists 92% of the country is Catholic, but only 20% are practicing regularly or weekly at a church service. The Jewish population is about 300,000 (around 0.75% of the population), the community numbered about 400,000 after World War II, but the appeal of Israel and economic and cultural pressures at home led many to leave; recent instability in Israel has resulted in a modest reversal of the trend since 2003.{{cite web |url=http://www.clarin.com/diario/2003/12/22/i-03001.htm |title=Clarín |publisher=Clarin.com |date=22 December 2003 |access-date=2010-04-25 |archive-date=7 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707022810/http://www.clarin.com/diario/2003/12/22/i-03001.htm |url-status=dead }} Muslim Argentines number about 500,000–600,000, or approximately 1.5% of the population; 93% of them are Sunni. Buenos Aires is home to one of the largest mosques in Latin America. A study from 2010 found that approximately 11% of Argentines are non-religious, including those who believe in God, though not religion, agnostics (4%) and atheists (5%). Overall, 24% attended religious services regularly. Protestants were the only group in which a majority regularly attended services.{{cite web|url=http://www.clarin.com/diario/2008/08/27/um/encuesta1.pdf |title=Encuesta CONICET sobre creencias|access-date=2010-04-25}}

File:Población Argentina por Provincias (2001).png|Population distribution by province

File:Hotel Inmigrantes Buenos Aires.jpg|Built in 1906 to welcome hundreds of newcomers daily, the Hotel de Inmigrantes is now a national museum.

File:Colectividad_española_de_Trelew.JPG|Spanish Argentines in the parade for May 25 in Trelew, Chubut.

File:XXXIV_Fiesta_Nacional_del_Inmigrante_-_desfile_-_colectividad_italiana.JPG|Italian Argentines during the opening parade of the Immigrant's Festival in Oberá, Misiones.

• Argentines
• National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina
• European Argentines
• Racism in Argentina
• List of largest cities in Argentina
• Immigration to Argentina
• Great European immigration
• Languages of Argentina

{{Reflist}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20091005014331/http://www.worldmapper.org/countrycartograms/carto_arg.htm Population cartogram of Argentina]

{{Argentina topics}}

{{Ethnic groups in Argentina}}

{{South America in topic|Demographics of}}

{{Population country lists}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Argentina}}