Demographics of Portugal#Vital statistics since 1900
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox place demographics
|place=Portugal
|image=Portugal population pyramid.svg
|image_size=350
|caption=Population pyramid of Portugal as of 2023
|size_of_population={{increase}} 10,749,635 (2024)
|growth=1.0% (2024)
|birth=7.9 births/1,000 population (2024)
|death=11.1 deaths/1,000 population (2024)
|life_male=79.5 years (2023)
|life_female=85.3 years (2023)
|fertility={{decrease}} 1.40 children (2024)
|infant_mortality=2.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2023)
|net_migration=13.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024)
|sr_at_birth=1.05 male(s)/female (2022)
|total_mf_ratio=0.9 male(s)/female (2022)
|nation=Portuguese citizen
|major_ethnic = Portuguese
|minor_ethnic = {{unbulleted list
|{{Tree list}}
- Afro-Portuguese
- Others
{{tree list/end}}
}}
|official = Portuguese
|spoken = Languages of Portugal
|age_0–14_years=12.7% (2024)|age_15–64_years=63.0% (2024)|age_65_years=24.3% (2024)}}
Demographic features of the population of Portugal include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
As of 2024, Portugal had an estimated population of 10,749,635 inhabitants.{{cite web|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_destaques&DESTAQUESdest_boui=707078398&DESTAQUESmodo=2|title=População residente aumenta, mas envelhecimento continua a agravar-se - 2024|website=ine.pt|publisher=INE|date=18 June 2025|access-date=18 June 2025}} Its population density, at {{convert|116.6|PD/km2}}, is slightly higher than that of most EU countries, moderately surpassing the EU average of {{convert|105.4|PD/km2}}.{{Cite web |title=Portugal population density |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&userLoadSave=Load&userTableOrder=9959&tipoSeleccao=1&contexto=pq&selTab=tab1&submitLoad=true&xlang=pt}}{{Cite web |title=Population density across the EU |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tps00003/default/table?lang=en}} However, the distribution of the population is widely uneven; the most densely populated areas are the Lisbon metropolitan area (which contains well above a quarter of the country's population), the metropolitan areas of Porto and the Atlantic coast, while other vast areas are very sparsely populated, like the plateaus of Alentejo, the Trás-os-Montes and Serra da Estrela highlands, and the lesser islands of the Azores archipelago.
The population of the country almost doubled during the twentieth century (+91%), but the pattern of growth was extremely uneven due to large-scale internal migration from the rural North to the industrial cities of Lisbon and Porto, a phenomenon which happened as a consequence of the robust economic growth and structural modernisation, owing to a liberalisation of the economy of the 1960s.
High fertility and birth rates persisted until the 1980s, after which they started to dramatically decline, leading to rapid population aging. At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, almost one in five Portuguese was over 65 years old.{{Cite web |title=População residente: total e por grupo etário |url=https://www.pordata.pt/portugal/populacao+residente+total+e+por+grupo+etario-10}} Lately, Portugal has been experiencing a short growth in birth rates. The total fertility rate has climbed from an all-time low of 1.21 children per woman in 2013 to 1.43 in 2022, still well below replacement level.
Due to a decrease in emigration and an increase in immigration during the late 1990s and early 2000s, Portugal's population grew steadily, reaching a peak of 10,573,479 in December 2009. However, following the 2008 financial crisis, emigration surged and immigration declined, and these trends, combined with persistently low birth rates and an aging population, led to a gradual population decline. By 2018, the population had decreased by about 2.27% from its 2009 peak. From then onwards, however, net migration became positive again, supported by a renewed influx of immigrants and a slight rise in birth rates.{{Cite web |title=População residente: total e por sexo |url=https://www.pordata.pt/portugal/populacao+residente+total+e+por+sexo-6 |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.pordata.pt}}{{Cite web |title=Statistics Portugal - Web Portal |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0008273 |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.ine.pt}} As a result, Portugal's population resumed growth and, by 2023, had already surpassed the 2009 peak.
Portugal is a fairly linguistically and religiously homogeneous country. Ethnically, the Portuguese people form a big majority of the total population in Portugal. The Portuguese people are mainly a combination of ancient paleolithic populations, and the proto-Celtic, Celtic, and the para-Celtic Lusitanians. Some other groups, like the Romans, Germanic (Visigoths, Suevi, Buri, Alans and Vandals) and later the Moorish (Arabs and Berber), Sephardic Jewish, and the French also passed through the country.
Today, Brazilians, Britons, Indians, Italians, French, Ukrainians, Nepalis and countries members of PALOP (Portuguese-speaking African countries) are the main immigrants and form the major foreign communities in the country.{{Cite web |last= |date=2023-06-23 |title=Quase 800 mil estrangeiros vivem em Portugal e 30% são brasileiros |url=https://www.dn.pt/sociedade/quase-800-mil-estrangeiros-vivem-em-portugal-e-30-sao-brasileiros-16577792.html |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=www.dn.pt |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite web |title=Statistics Portugal - Web Portal |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpgid=ine_main&xpid=INE |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=www.ine.pt}}
Portuguese is spoken throughout the country, with only some villages near the northern municipality of Miranda do Douro speaking Mirandese, locally recognised as a co-official language.
Total fertility rate
=Total fertility rate from 1850 to 1899=
File:Portugal population pyramid from 1950 to 2020.gif
The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation.{{citation|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800&country=PRT|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|author=Max Roser|date=2014|work=Our World In Data, Gapminder Foundation}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 700
| height = 200
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= million
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
| y1= 5.4, 5.5, 5.5, 5.6, 5.6, 5.7, 5.7, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.9, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.2,6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7, 7.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.8, 7.9, 8, 8, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.5, 8.5, 8.6, 8.6, 8.6, 8.7, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 8.9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8.9, 8.9, 8.8, 8.8, 8.7, 8.6, 8.6, 8.6, 8.9, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 9.9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 9.9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.4, 10.5, 10.5, 10.5, 10.5, 10.6, 10.6, 10.6, 10.6, 10.6, 10.5, 10.4, 10.4, 10.4, 10.3, 10.3, 10.3, 10.4, 10.4, 10.4, 10.5
| y1Title= population (million)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 700
| height = 200
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMax= 25
| yAxisMin= -25
⊄| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| hAnnotatonsLine=0
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| type = line
| x = 1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021
| y1= 10.2,10.4,12.4,12.8,12.7,11.8,10.2,11.0,10.2,10.8,12.6,16.6,14.8,11.9,12.0,12.0,10.7,9.0,-11.6,2.2,9.9,11.7,12.6,10.4,12.8,14.3,13.8,12.2,13.1,12.2,12.8,13.0,12.8,11.8,11.8,11.2,11.8,10.9,11.2,10.9,8.8,6.4,7.8,9.7,10.3,11.6,10.5,11.0,13.7,11.4,12.2,12.1,13.0,12.3,12.0,12.8,11.1,12.6,13.8,13.1,13.3,13.2,13.7,12.6,13.2,12.6,11.7,11.7,11.0,9.7,9.9,9.6,9.8,8.9,8.6,9.0,9.1,9.0,7.5,7.0,6.5,5.7,5.9,4.9,4.6,3.3,3.1,2.8,2.4,2.2,1.3,1.2,1.4,0.8,1.0,0.3,0.3,0.8,0.7,0.8,1.4,0.7,0.7,0.3,0.7,0.2,0.3,-0.1,0.0,-0.4,-0.5,-0.5,-1.7,-2.3,-2.2,-2.3,-2.2,-2.3,-2.5,-2.5,-3.8, -4.4
| y2= , -1.2, -6.9, -0.3, -5.6, -1.2, -4.9, -4, 0.1, -0.4, -5.7, -4.9, -14.8, -10.2, -10.5, -10.5, -8.9, -9.1, 15, -2.2, -6.6, -6.7, 3.6, 0.7, -1.8, -4.9, 2.1, 0.6, -2.6, 2.7, -0.3, -4.8, 2.7, 0.8, 0.8, 1.3, 0.3, 1.2, 0.8, 0.8, 4.4, 0.6, -0.1, 0.5, -1.5, -1.7, -3.1, -1.2, -3.8, -2.9, -3.6, -5.7, -8.7, -7.8, -7.8, -8.2, -6.8, -8.8, -8.7, -1.6, -9, -6, -6.5, -8.5, -13, -16.7, -19.6, -18.3, -15.7, -19.1, -21.1, -14.1, -8.4, -9.7, 19.6, 37.3, 1.2, 2, 3.1, 3.8, 4.3, 0.8, -0.2, -1.2, -0.5, -1.9, -2.7, -3.8, -3.5, -4.1, -3.9, -3.3, -0.9, 1.1, 2.4, 3.1, 3.7, 4.1, 4.5, 5.3, 6.5, 5.4, 4, 2.4, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 0.9, 1.5, 0.4, -2.3, -3.6, -3.5, -2.9, -1, -0.8, 0.5, 1.1, 4.3, 4, 9.9
| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000)
| y2Title=Crude migration change (per 1000)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 700
| height = 200
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= TFR
| yAxisMin=
⊄| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| hAnnotatonsLine=2.1
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| type = line
| x = 1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021
| y1= 3.96,4.07,4.16,4.29,4.11,4.13,4.17,3.99,3.94,3.89,4.12,5.02,4.54,4.22,4.09,4.24,4.17,4.08,3.86,3.59,4.37,4.21,4.3,4.32,4.26,4.24,4.36,4.03,4.15,3.89,3.86,3.86,3.89,3.88,3.74,3.59,3.45,3.39,3.34,3.28,3.22,3.12,3.14,3.27,3.28,3.39,3.29,3.14,3.42,3.23,3.1,3.1,3.1,3.1,3.1,3.1,3.11,3.12,3.13,3.15,3.16,3.18,3.18,3.19,3.19,3.18,3.16,3.13,3.09,3.05,2.99,2.94,2.88,2.83,2.77,2.71,2.65,2.57,2.48,2.39,2.29,2.18,2.07,1.97,1.87,1.78,1.71,1.65,1.60,1.53,1.51,1.43,1.49,1.54,1.42,1.37,1.45,1.48,1.48,1.49,1.57,1.45,1.47,1.44,1.40,1.40,1.36,1.33,1.37,1.32,1.37,1.30,1.28,1.21,1.23,1.30,1.36,1.37,1.41,1.42,1.40, 1.34
| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}
Vital statistics
=Vital statistics since 1900=
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;" |
| B.R. Mitchell. European historical statistics, 1750–1975.{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dybsets/1948%20DYB.pdf|title=United Nations. Demographic Yearbook 1948|website=Unstats.un.org|access-date=3 October 2017}} {{cite web|url=http://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_main|title=Statistics Portugal|website=Ine.pt|access-date=3 October 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.pordata.pt/Portugal/Popula%C3%A7%C3%A3o+residente+total+e+por+sexo-6|title=PORDATA – População residente: total e por sexo|website=Pordata.pt|access-date=3 October 2017}}{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0008272&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2|title=População residente (N.º) por Local de residência (NUTS - 2013), Sexo e Grupo etário (Por ciclos de vida); Anual|publisher=INE |website=ine.pt |access-date=15 June 2023}} ! width="80pt"|Average population (December 31) ! width="80pt"|Live births ! width="80pt"|Deaths ! width="80pt"|Natural change ! width="80pt"|Crude birth rate (per 1000) ! width="80pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000) ! width="80pt"|Natural change (per 1000) ! width="80pt"|Crude migration change (per 1000) ! width="80pt"|Total fertility rates{{refn|group=fn|In fertility rates, 2.1 and above is a stable population and has been marked blue, 2 and below leads to an aging population and the result is that the population decreases. }}{{cite web|url=http://www.prb.org/pdf11/2011population-data-sheet_eng.pdf|title=2011 WORLD POPULATION DATA SHEET|website=Prb.org|access-date=3 October 2017|archive-date=18 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118162350/http://www.prb.org/pdf11/2011population-data-sheet_eng.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://portuguese-american-journal.com/2012-birth-rate-negative-decreases-further-portugal/|title=2012 – Negative birth rate decreases further – Portugal – Portuguese American Journal|website=Portuguese-american-journal.com|date=2 January 2013|access-date=3 October 2017}} |
|---|
| 1900
| align="right" | 5,410,000 | align="right" | 165,245 | align="right" | 110,330 | align="right" | 54,915 | align="right" | 30.5 | align="right" | 20.3 | align="right" | 10.2 | |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.96 |
| 1901
| align="right" | 5,460,000 | align="right" | 170,773 | align="right" | 114,130 | align="right" | 56,643 | align="right" | 31.3 | align="right" | 20.9 | align="right" | 10.4 | -1.2 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.07 |
| 1902
| align="right" | 5,490,000 | align="right" | 176,029 | align="right" | 108,378 | align="right" | 67,651 | align="right" | 32.0 | align="right" | 19.7 | align="right" | 12.4 | -6.9 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.16 |
| 1903
| align="right" | 5,560,000 | align="right" | 183,138 | align="right" | 111,685 | align="right" | 71,453 | align="right" | 33.0 | align="right" | 20.1 | align="right" | 12.9 | -0.1 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.29 |
| 1904
| align="right" | 5,600,000 | align="right" | 176,726 | align="right" | 105,572 | align="right" | 71,154 | align="right" | 31.6 | align="right" | 18.9 | align="right" | 12.7 | -5.5 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.11 |
| 1905
| align="right" | 5,660,000 | align="right" | 179,746 | align="right" | 112,756 | align="right" | 66,990 | align="right" | 31.8 | align="right" | 20.0 | align="right" | 11.8 | -1.1 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.13 |
| 1906
| align="right" | 5,690,000 | align="right" | 182,920 | align="right" | 125,243 | align="right" | 57,677 | align="right" | 32.1 | align="right" | 22.0 | align="right" | 10.1 | -4.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.17 |
| 1907
| align="right" | 5,730,000 | align="right" | 176,417 | align="right" | 113,254 | align="right" | 63,163 | align="right" | 30.7 | align="right" | 19.7 | align="right" | 11.0 | -4.0 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.99 |
| 1908
| align="right" | 5,790,000 | align="right" | 175,268 | align="right" | 115,876 | align="right" | 59,392 | align="right" | 30.3 | align="right" | 20.0 | align="right" | 10.2 | 0.3 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.94 |
| 1909
| align="right" | 5,850,000 | align="right" | 174,753 | align="right" | 112,421 | align="right" | 62,332 | align="right" | 29.9 | align="right" | 19.2 | align="right" | 10.8 | -0.3 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.89 |
| 1910
| align="right" | 5,890,000 | align="right" | 186,953 | align="right" | 113,161 | align="right" | 73,792 | align="right" | 31.7 | align="right" | 19.2 | align="right" | 12.5 | -5.7 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.12 |
| 1911
| align="right" | 5,960,000 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 230,033 | align="right" | 130,900 | align="right" | 99,133 | style="color: blue" | 38.6 | align="right" | 22.0 | style="color:blue;" | 16.6 | -4.7 |style="color:blue;"|5.02 |
| 1912
| align="right" | 5,960,000 | align="right" | 207,870 | align="right" | 119,578 | align="right" | 88,292 | align="right" | 34.9 | align="right" | 20.1 | align="right" | 14.8 | -14.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.54 |
| 1913
| align="right" | 5,970,000 | align="right" | 193,906 | align="right" | 123,054 | align="right" | 70,852 | align="right" | 32.5 | align="right" | 20.6 | align="right" | 11.9 | -10.2 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.22 |
| 1914
| align="right" | 5,980,000 | align="right" | 188,479 | align="right" | 115,526 | align="right" | 72,953 | align="right" | 31.5 | align="right" | 19.3 | align="right" | 12.0 | -10.3 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.09 |
| 1915
| align="right" | 5,990,000 | align="right" | 195,225 | align="right" | 122,513 | align="right" | 72,712 | align="right" | 32.6 | align="right" | 20.5 | align="right" | 12.0 | -10.3 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.24 |
| 1916
| align="right" | 6,000,000 | align="right" | 192,780 | align="right" | 129,389 | align="right" | 63,391 | align="right" | 32.1 | align="right" | 21.6 | align="right" | 10.7 | -9.0 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.17 |
| 1917
| align="right" | 6,000,000 | align="right" | 188,391 | align="right" | 134,082 | align="right" | 54,309 | align="right" | 31.4 | align="right" | 22.3 | align="right" | 9.1 | -9.1 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.08 |
| 1918
| align="right" | 6,020,000 | align="right" | 178,687 | align="right" style="color: red" | 248,978 | align="right" style="color: red" | -70,291 | align="right" | 29.7 | style="color: red" | 41.4 | align="right" style="color: red" | -11.6 | 14.9 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.86 |
| 1919
| align="right" | 6,020,000 | align="right" | 166,162 | align="right" | 152,856 | align="right" | 13,306 | align="right" | 27.6 | align="right" | 25.4 | align="right" | 2.2 | -2.2 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.59 |
| 1920
| align="right" | 6,040,000 | align="right" | 202,908 | align="right" | 142,862 | align="right" | 60,046 | align="right" | 33.6 | align="right" | 23.7 | align="right" | 9.9 | -6.6 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.37 |
| 1921
| align="right" | 6,070,000 | align="right" | 197,022 | align="right" | 126,316 | align="right" | 70,706 | align="right" | 32.4 | align="right" | 20.8 | align="right" | 11.7 | -6.7 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.21 |
| 1922
| align="right" | 6,170,000 | align="right" | 203,727 | align="right" | 125,747 | align="right" | 77,980 | align="right" | 33.1 | align="right" | 20.4 | align="right" | 12.6 | 3.9 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.3 |
| 1923
| align="right" | 6,240,000 | align="right" | 207,172 | align="right" | 141,775 | align="right" | 65,397 | align="right" | 33.2 | align="right" | 22.7 | align="right" | 10.5 | 0.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.32 |
| 1924
| align="right" | 6,310,000 | align="right" | 207,440 | align="right" | 126,052 | align="right" | 81,388 | align="right" | 32.8 | align="right" | 20.0 | align="right" | 12.8 | -1.6 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.26 |
| 1925
| align="right" | 6,370,000 | align="right" | 208,434 | align="right" | 117,413 | align="right" | 91,021 | align="right" | 32.6 | align="right" | 18.4 | align="right" | 14.3 | -4.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.24 |
| 1926
| align="right" | 6,470,000 | align="right" | 214,633 | align="right" | 127,959 | align="right" | 86,674 | align="right" | 33.5 | align="right" | 19.8 | align="right" | 13.4 | 2.3 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.36 |
| 1927
| align="right" | 6,550,000 | align="right" | 199,399 | align="right" | 123,382 | align="right" | 76,017 | align="right" | 31.0 | align="right" | 18.8 | align="right" | 11.6 | 0.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.03 |
| 1928
| align="right" | 6,620,000 | align="right" | 211,314 | align="right" | 124,088 | align="right" | 87,226 | align="right" | 31.9 | align="right" | 18.7 | align="right" | 13.2 | -2.5 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.15 |
| 1929
| align="right" | 6,720,000 | align="right" | 200,874 | align="right" | 118,824 | align="right" | 82,050 | align="right" | 29.9 | align="right" | 17.7 | align="right" | 12.2 | 2.9 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.89 |
| 1930
| align="right" | 6,804,000 | align="right" | 202,529 | align="right" | 116,352 | align="right" | 86,177 | align="right" | 29.7 | align="right" | 17.1 | align="right" | 12.7 | -0.2 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.86 |
| 1931
| align="right" | 6,860,000 | align="right" | 204,120 | align="right" | 115,225 | align="right" | 88,895 | align="right" | 29.7 | align="right" | 16.8 | align="right" | 13.0 | -4.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.86 |
| 1932
| align="right" | 6,968,000 | align="right" | 208,062 | align="right" | 118,895 | align="right" | 89,167 | align="right" | 29.9 | align="right" | 17.1 | align="right" | 12.8 | 2.9 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.89 |
| 1933
| align="right" | 7,057,000 | align="right" | 204,315 | align="right" | 120,996 | align="right" | 83,319 | align="right" | 28.9 | align="right" | 17.2 | align="right" | 11.8 | 1.0 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.88 |
| 1934
| align="right" | 7,147,000 | align="right" | 203,158 | align="right" | 118,539 | align="right" | 84,619 | align="right" | 28.4 | align="right" | 16.6 | align="right" | 11.8 | 1.0 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.74 |
| 1935
| align="right" | 7,237,000 | align="right" | 203,943 | align="right" | 123,051 | align="right" | 80,892 | align="right" | 28.2 | align="right" | 17.0 | align="right" | 11.2 | 1.4 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.59 |
| 1936
| align="right" | 7,326,000 | align="right" | 205,615 | align="right" | 119,003 | align="right" | 86,612 | align="right" | 28.1 | align="right" | 16.2 | align="right" | 11.8 | 0.5 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.45 |
| 1937
| align="right" | 7,416,000 | align="right" | 198,217 | align="right" | 117,291 | align="right" | 80,926 | align="right" | 26.7 | align="right" | 15.8 | align="right" | 10.9 | 1.4 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.39 |
| 1938
| align="right" | 7,506,000 | align="right" | 199,467 | align="right" | 115,331 | align="right" | 84,136 | align="right" | 26.6 | align="right" | 15.4 | align="right" | 11.2 | 0.9 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.34 |
| 1939
| align="right" | 7,595,000 | align="right" | 198,888 | align="right" | 116,075 | align="right" | 82,813 | align="right" | 26.2 | align="right" | 15.3 | align="right" | 10.9 | 1.0 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.28 |
| 1940
| align="right" | 7,696,000 | align="right" | 187,892 | align="right" | 120,486 | align="right" | 67,406 | align="right" | 24.4 | align="right" | 15.7 | align="right" | 8.8 | 4.5 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.22 |
| 1941
| align="right" | 7,750,000 | align="right" | 184,336 | align="right" | 134,937 | align="right" | 49,399 | align="right" | 23.8 | align="right" | 17.4 | align="right" | 6.4 | 0.6 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.12 |
| 1942
| align="right" | 7,810,000 | align="right" | 187,503 | align="right" | 126,531 | align="right" | 60,972 | align="right" | 24.0 | align="right" | 16.1 | align="right" | 7.8 | -0.1 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.14 |
| 1943
| align="right" | 7,890,000 | align="right" | 198,101 | align="right" | 121,887 | align="right" | 76,214 | align="right" | 25.1 | align="right" | 15.3 | align="right" | 9.7 | 0.5 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.27 |
| 1944
| align="right" | 7,960,000 | align="right" | 201,373 | align="right" | 119,275 | align="right" | 82,098 | align="right" | 25.3 | align="right" | 14.8 | align="right" | 10.3 | -1.4 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.28 |
| 1945
| align="right" | 8,040,000 | align="right" | 209,131 | align="right" | 115,596 | align="right" | 93,535 | align="right" | 26.0 | align="right" | 14.2 | align="right" | 11.6 | -1.5 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.39 |
| 1946
| align="right" | 8,100,000 | align="right" | 205,825 | align="right" | 120,800 | align="right" | 85,025 | align="right" | 25.4 | align="right" | 14.9 | align="right" | 10.5 | -3.0 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.29 |
| 1947
| align="right" | 8,180,000 | align="right" | 200,488 | align="right" | 110,437 | align="right" | 90,051 | align="right" | 24.5 | align="right" | 13.5 | align="right" | 11.0 | -1.1 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.14 |
| 1948
| align="right" | 8,262,000 | align="right" | 220,981 | align="right" | 107,576 | align="right" | 113,405 | align="right" | 26.7 | align="right" | 13.0 | align="right" | 13.7 | -3.7 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.42 |
| 1949
| align="right" | 8,333,000 | align="right" | 212,260 | align="right" | 117,499 | align="right" | 94,761 | align="right" | 25.5 | align="right" | 14.1 | align="right" | 11.4 | -2.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.23 |
| 1950
| align="right" | 8,405,000 | align="right" | 205,163 | align="right" | 102,798 | align="right" | 102,365 | align="right" | 24.4 | align="right" | 12.2 | align="right" | 12.2 | -3.6 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.1 |
| 1951
| align="right" | 8,459,000 | align="right" | 207,870 | align="right" | 105,473 | align="right" | 102,397 | align="right" | 24.6 | align="right" | 12.5 | align="right" | 12.1 | -5.7 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.1 |
| 1952
| align="right" | 8,496,000 | align="right" | 211,213 | align="right" | 100,486 | align="right" | 110,727 | align="right" | 24.9 | align="right" | 11.8 | align="right" | 13.0 | -8.6 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.1 |
| 1953
| align="right" | 8,534,000 | align="right" | 202,135 | align="right" | 97,460 | align="right" | 104,675 | align="right" | 23.7 | align="right" | 11.4 | align="right" | 12.3 | -7.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.1 |
| 1954
| align="right" | 8,570,000 | align="right" | 197,536 | align="right" | 95,088 | align="right" | 102,448 | align="right" | 23.0 | align="right" | 11.1 | align="right" | 12.0 | -7.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.1 |
| 1955
| align="right" | 8,610,000 | align="right" | 209,790 | align="right" | 99,472 | align="right" | 110,318 | align="right" | 24.4 | align="right" | 11.6 | align="right" | 12.8 | -8.1 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.1 |
| 1956
| align="right" | 8,647,000 | align="right" | 202,667 | align="right" | 106,919 | align="right" | 95,748 | align="right" | 23.4 | align="right" | 12.4 | align="right" | 11.1 | -6.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.11 |
| 1957
| align="right" | 8,680,000 | align="right" | 211,494 | align="right" | 101,784 | align="right" | 109,710 | align="right" | 24.4 | align="right" | 11.7 | align="right" | 12.6 | -8.8 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.12 |
| 1958
| align="right" | 8,725,000 | align="right" | 212,467 | align="right" | 91,891 | align="right" | 120,576 | align="right" | 24.4 | align="right" | 10.5 | align="right" | 13.8 | -8.6 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.13 |
| 1959
| align="right" | 8,826,000 | align="right" | 213,062 | align="right" | 97,754 | align="right" | 115,308 | align="right" | 24.3 | align="right" | 11.1 | align="right" | 13.1 | -1.5 |style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.15 |
| 1960
| align="right" | 8,865,000 | align="right" | 213,895 | align="right" | 95,009 | align="right" | 118,886 | align="right" | 23.9 | align="right" | 10.6 | align="right" | 13.3 | 8.9 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.16 |
| 1961
| align="right" | 8,929,000 | align="right" | 217,516 | align="right" | 99,590 | align="right" | 117,926 | align="right" | 24.3 | align="right" | 11.1 | align="right" | 13.2 | -6.0 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.18 |
| 1962
| align="right" | 8,994,000 | align="right" | 220,200 | align="right" | 96,864 | align="right" style="color: blue"| 123,336 | align="right" | 24.4 | align="right" | 10.7 | align="right" | 13.7 | -6.4 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.18 |
| 1963
| align="right" | 9,031,000 | align="right" | 212,152 | align="right" | 98,011 | align="right" | 114,141 | align="right" | 23.4 | align="right" | 10.8 | align="right" | 12.6 | -8.5 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.19 |
| 1964
| align="right" | 9,034,000 | align="right" | 217,136 | align="right" | 96,878 | align="right" | 120,258 | align="right" | 23.8 | align="right" | 10.6 | align="right" | 13.2 | -12.9 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.19 |
| 1965
| align="right" | 8,999,000 | align="right" | 210,299 | align="right" | 95,187 | align="right" | 115,112 | align="right" | 23.0 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 12.6 | -16.5 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.18 |
| 1966
| align="right" | 8,931,000 | align="right" | 206,940 | align="right" | 100,088 | align="right" | 106,852 | align="right" | 22.7 | align="right" | 11.0 | align="right" | 12 | -19.6 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.16 |
| 1967
| align="right" | 8,875,000 | align="right" | 202,061 | align="right" | 95,816 | align="right" | 106,245 | align="right" | 22.2 | align="right" | 10.5 | align="right" | 11.7 | -18.0 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.13 |
| 1968
| align="right" | 8,837,000 | align="right" | 194,962 | align="right" | 94,661 | align="right" | 100,301 | align="right" | 21.4 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 11.0 | -15.3 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.09 |
| 1969
| align="right" | 8,758,000 | align="right" | 189,739 | align="right" | 101,088 | align="right" | 88,651 | align="right" | 20.9 | align="right" | 11.1 | align="right" | 9.7 | -18.6 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 3.05 |
| 1970
| align="right" | 8,663,252 | align="right" | 180,690 | align="right" | 92,854 | align="right" | 87,836 | align="right" | 20.9 | align="right" | 10.7 | align="right" | 10.1 | style="color: red" |
| 20.9
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.99 |
| 1971
| align="right" | 8,624,258 | align="right" | 181,243 | align="right" | 98,355 | align="right" | 82,888 | align="right" | 21.0 | align="right" | 11.4 | align="right" | 9.6 | -14.1 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.99 |
| 1972
| align="right" | 8,636,603 | align="right" | 174,685 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 90,025 | align="right" | 84,660 | align="right" | 20.2 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 9.8 | -8.4 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.85 |
| 1973
| align="right" | 8,629,598 | align="right" | 172,324 | align="right" | 95,239 | align="right" | 77,085 | align="right" | 20.0 | align="right" | 11.0 | align="right" | 8.9 | -9.7 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.76 |
| 1974
| align="right" | 8,879,127 | align="right" | 171,979 | align="right" | 96,837 | align="right" | 75,142 | align="right" | 19.4 | align="right" | 10.9 | align="right" | 8.5 | 20.2 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.69 |
| 1975
| align="right" | 9,307,815 | align="right" | 179,648 | align="right" | 97,750 | align="right" | 81,898 | align="right" | 19.3 | align="right" | 10.5 | align="right" | 8.8 | style="color: blue"|39.5 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.75 |
| 1976
| align="right" | 9,403,809 | align="right" | 186,712 | align="right" | 101,843 | align="right" | 84,869 | align="right" | 19.9 | align="right" | 10.8 | align="right" | 9.0 | 1.3 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.81 |
| 1977
| align="right" | 9,507,536 | align="right" | 181,064 | align="right" | 95,917 | align="right" | 85,147 | align="right" | 19.0 | align="right" | 10.1 | align="right" | 9.0 | 2.0 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.68 |
| 1978
| align="right" | 9,608,959 | align="right" | 167,467 | align="right" | 96,042 | align="right" | 71,425 | align="right" | 17.4 | align="right" | 10.0 | align="right" | 7.4 | 3.3 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.45 |
| 1979
| align="right" | 9,713,570 | align="right" | 160,311 | align="right" | 92,566 | align="right" | 67,745 | align="right" | 16.5 | align="right" | 9.5 | align="right" | 7.0 | 3.9 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.31 |
| 1980
| align="right" | 9,818,980 | align="right" | 158,309 | align="right" | 94,794 | align="right" | 63,515 | align="right" | 16.1 | align="right" | 9.7 | align="right" | 6.5 | 4.4 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.25 |
| 1981
| align="right" | 9,883,670 | align="right" | 152,071 | align="right" | 95,728 | align="right" | 56,343 | align="right" | 15.4 | align="right" | 9.7 | align="right" | 5.7 | 0.9 | align="right" style="color: blue" | 2.13 |
| 1982
| align="right" | 9,939,871 | align="right" | 151,002 | align="right" | 92,379 | align="right" | 58,623 | align="right" | 15.2 | style="color: blue" | 9.3 | align="right" | 5.9 | -0.2 | align="right" |2.08 |
| 1983
| align="right" | 9,975,859 | align="right" | 144,296 | align="right" | 96,179 | align="right" | 48,117 | align="right" | 14.5 | align="right" | 9.6 | align="right" | 4.8 | -1.2 | align="right" | 1.96 |
| 1984
| align="right" | 10,016,605 | align="right" | 142,783 | align="right" | 96,975 | align="right" | 45,808 | align="right" | 14.3 | align="right" | 9.7 | align="right" | 4.6 | -0.5 | align="right" | 1.91 |
| 1985
| align="right" | 10,030,621 | align="right" | 130,450 | align="right" | 97,085 | align="right" | 33,365 | align="right" | 13.0 | align="right" | 9.7 | align="right" | 3.3 | -1.9 | align="right" | 1.73 |
| 1986
| align="right" | 10,034,846 | align="right" | 126,715 | align="right" | 95,521 | align="right" | 31,194 | align="right" | 12.6 | align="right" | 9.5 | align="right" | 3.1 | -2.7 | align="right" | 1.67 |
| 1987
| align="right" | 10,025,215 | align="right" | 123,179 | align="right" | 95,102 | align="right" | 28,077 | align="right" | 12.3 | align="right" | 9.5 | align="right" | 2.8 | -3.8 | align="right" | 1.63 |
| 1988
| align="right" | 10,014,005 | align="right" | 122,093 | align="right" | 97,844 | align="right" | 24,249 | align="right" | 12.2 | align="right" | 9.8 | align="right" | 2.4 | -3.5 | align="right" | 1.62 |
| 1989
| align="right" | 9,995,995 | align="right" | 118,483 | align="right" | 95,743 | align="right" | 22,740 | align="right" | 11.9 | align="right" | 9.6 | align="right" | 2.3 | -4.1 | align="right" | 1.58 |
| 1990
| align="right" | 9,970,441 | align="right" | 116,321 | align="right" | 102,768 | align="right" | 13,553 | align="right" | 11.7 | align="right" | 10.3 | align="right" | 1.4 | -4.0 | align="right" | 1.57 |
| 1991
| align="right" | 9,950,029 | align="right" | 116,299 | align="right" | 103,882 | align="right" | 12,417 | align="right" | 11.7 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 1.2 | -3.2 | align="right" | 1.56 |
| 1992
| align="right" | 9,954,958 | align="right" | 114,924 | align="right" | 100,638 | align="right" | 14,286 | align="right" | 11.5 | align="right" | 10.1 | align="right" | 1.4 | -0.9 | align="right" | 1.54 |
| 1993
| align="right" | 9,974,391 | align="right" | 113,960 | align="right" | 105,950 | align="right" | 8,010 | align="right" | 11.4 | align="right" | 10.6 | align="right" | 0.8 | 1.2 | align="right" | 1.52 |
| 1994
| align="right" | 10,008,659 | align="right" | 109,227 | align="right" | 99,232 | align="right" | 9,995 | align="right" | 10.9 | align="right" | 9.9 | align="right" | 1.0 | 2.4 | align="right" | 1.45 |
| 1995
| align="right" | 10,043,693 | align="right" | 107,097 | align="right" | 103,475 | align="right" | 3,622 | align="right" | 10.7 | align="right" | 10.3 | align="right" | 0.4 | 3.1 | align="right" | 1.41 |
| 1996
| align="right" | 10,084,196 | align="right" | 110,261 | align="right" | 106,881 | align="right" | 3,380 | align="right" | 10.9 | align="right" | 10.6 | align="right" | 0.3 | 3.7 | align="right" | 1.45 |
| 1997
| align="right" | 10,133,758 | align="right" | 112,933 | align="right" | 104,778 | align="right" | 8,155 | align="right" | 11.1 | align="right" | 10.3 | align="right" | 0.8 | 4.1 | align="right" | 1.47 |
| 1998
| align="right" | 10,186,634 | align="right" | 113,384 | align="right" | 106,198 | align="right" | 7,186 | align="right" | 11.1 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 0.7 | 4.5 | align="right" | 1.48 |
| 1999
| align="right" | 10,249,022 | align="right" | 116,002 | align="right" | 107,871 | align="right" | 8,131 | align="right" | 11.3 | align="right" | 10.5 | align="right" | 0.8 | 5.3 | align="right" | 1.51 |
| 2000
| align="right" | 10,330,774 | align="right" | 120,008 | align="right" | 105,364 | align="right" | 14,644 | align="right" | 11.6 | align="right" | 10.2 | align="right" | 1.4 | 6.6 | align="right" | 1.55 |
| 2001
| align="right" | 10,394,669 | align="right" | 112,774 | align="right" | 105,092 | align="right" | 7,682 | align="right" | 10.8 | align="right" | 10.1 | align="right" | 0.7 | 5.5 | align="right" | 1.45 |
| 2002
| align="right" | 10,444,592 | align="right" | 114,383 | align="right" | 106,258 | align="right" | 8,125 | align="right" | 11.0 | align="right" | 10.2 | align="right" | 0.8 | 4.0 | align="right" | 1.47 |
| 2003
| align="right" | 10,473,050 | align="right" | 112,515 | align="right" | 108,795 | align="right" | 3,720 | align="right" | 10.7 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 0.4 | 2.3 | align="right" | 1.44 |
| 2004
| align="right" | 10,494,672 | align="right" | 109,298 | align="right" | 102,012 | align="right" | 7,286 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 9.7 | align="right" | 0.7 | 1.4 | align="right" | 1.41 |
| 2005
| align="right" | 10,511,988 | align="right" | 109,399 | align="right" | 107,464 | align="right" | 1,935 | align="right" | 10.4 | align="right" | 10.2 | align="right" | 0.2 | 1.4 | align="right" | 1.42 |
| 2006
| align="right" | 10,532,588 | align="right" | 105,449 | align="right" | 101,990 | align="right" | 3,459 | align="right" | 10.0 | align="right" | 9.7 | align="right" | 0.3 | 1.7 | align="right" | 1.38 |
| 2007
| align="right" | 10,553,339 | align="right" | 102,492 | align="right" | 103,512 | align="right" style="color: red" | -1,020 | align="right" | 9.7 | align="right" | 9.8 | align="right" style="color: red" | -0.1 | 2.1 | align="right" | 1.35 |
| 2008
| align="right" | 10,563,014 | align="right" | 104,594 | align="right" | 104,280 | align="right" | 314 | align="right" | 9.9 | align="right" | 9.9 | align="right" | 0.0 | 0.8 | align="right" | 1.40 |
| 2009
| align="right" | 10,573,479 | align="right" | 99,491 | align="right" | 104,434 | align="right" style="color: red" | -4,943 | align="right" | 9.4 | align="right" | 9.9 | align="right" style="color: red" | -0.5 | 1.5 | align="right" | 1.35 |
| 2010
| align="right" | 10,572,721 | align="right" | 101,381 | align="right" | 105,954 | align="right" style="color: red" | -4,573 | align="right" | 9.6 | align="right" | 10.0 | align="right" style="color: red" | -0.4 | 0.3 | align="right" | 1.39 |
| 2011
| align="right" | 10,558,950 | align="right" | 96,856 | align="right" | 102,848 | align="right" style="color: red" | -5,992 | align="right" | 9.2 | align="right" | 9.8 | align="right" style="color: red" | -0.6 | -0.7 | align="right" | 1.35 |
| 2012
| align="right" | 10,503,889 | align="right" | 89,841 | align="right" | 107,612 | align="right" style="color: red" | -17,771 | align="right" | 8.6 | align="right" | 10.3 | align="right" style="color: red"| -1.7 | -3.5 | align="right" | 1.28 |
| 2013
|align="right" | 10,444,092 |align="right" | 82,787 |align="right" | 106,554 |align="right" style="color: red" | -23,767 |align="right" | 7.9 |align="right" | 10.2 |align="right" style="color: red" | -2.3 | -3.4 |align="right" style="color: red" | 1.21 |
| 2014
|align="right" | 10,395,121 | align="right"| 82,367 |align="right" | 104,843 |align="right" style="color: red" | -22,476 |align="right" | 7.9 |align="right" | 10.1 |align="right" style="color: red" | -2.2 | -2.5 | align="right" | 1.23 |
| 2015
|align="right" | 10,368,554 |align="right" | 85,500 |align="right" | 108,539 |align="right" style="color: red" | -23,039 |align="right" | 8.3 |align="right" | 10.5 |align="right" style="color: red" | -2.2 | -0.4 | align="right" | 1.30 |
| 2016
| align="right" | 10,344,478 | align="right" | 87,126 | align="right" | 110,573 | align="right" style="color: red" | -23,447 | align="right" | 8.5 | align="right" | 10.7 |align="right" style="color: red" | -2.3 | 0 | align="right" | 1.36 |
| 2017
| align="right" | 10,335,770 | align="right" | 86,154 | align="right" | 109,758 | align="right" style="color: red" | -23,604 | align="right" | 8.4 | align="right" | 10.7 |align="right" style="color: red" | -2.3 | 1.5 | align="right" | 1.37 |
| 2018
| align="right" | 10,333,496 | align="right" | 87,020 | align="right" | 113,051 | align="right" style="color: red" | -26,031 | align="right" | 8.5 | align="right" | 11.0 |align="right" style="color: red" | -2.5 | 2.3 | align="right" | 1.41 |
| 2019
| align="right" | 10,375,395 | align="right" | 86,579 | align="right" | 111,843 | align="right" style="color: red" | -25,264 | align="right" | 8.4 | align="right" | 10.9 |align="right" style="color: red" | -2.4 | 6.5 | align="right" | 1.42 |
| 2020
| align="right" | 10,394,297 | align="right" | 84,530 | align="right" | 123,396 | align="right" style="color: red" | -38,866 | align="right" | 8.2 | align="right" | 12.0 |align="right" style="color: red" | -3.8 | 5.6 | align="right" | 1.40 |
| 2021
| align="right" | 10,421,117 | align="right" style="color: red" | 79,582 | align="right" | 124,841 | align="right" style="color: red" | -45,220 | style="color: red" | 7.7 | align="right" | 12.0 |align="right" style="color: red" | -4.3 | 6.9 | align="right" | 1.34 |
| 2022
| align="right" | 10,516,621 | align="right" | 83,671 | align="right" | 124,311 | align="right" style="color: red" | -40,640 | align="right" | 8.0 | align="right" | 11.9 |align="right" style="color: red" | -3.9 | 13.0 | align="right" | 1.42 |
| {{Cite web |title=Saldo natural negativo volta a desagravar-se em 2023, com a região Grande Lisboa a registar um saldo natural positivo - 2023 |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_destaques&DESTAQUESdest_boui=643914101&DESTAQUESmodo=2}}2023
| align="right" | 10,639,726 | align="right" | 85,994 | align="right" | 118,895 | align="right" style="color: red" | -32,901 | align="right" | 8.1 | align="right" | 11.2 |align="right" style="color: red" | -3.1 | 14.7 | align="right" | 1.44 |
| 2024
| align="right" style="color: blue" | 10,749,635 | align="right" | 84,642 | align="right" | 118,374 | align="right" style="color: red" | -33,732 | align="right" | 7.9 | align="right" | 11.1 |align="right" style="color: red" | -3.2 | 13.4 | align="right" | 1.40 |
According to Statistics Portugal, in the year 2024 56,691 children (67%) were born to Portuguese-born mothers, while 27,951 (33%) were born to foreign-born mothers. Compared to the year 2015, this represents a significant decrease in children born to Portuguese-born mothers (71,462 or 83.6% in 2015) and, conversely, an increase in children born to foreign-born mothers (14,038 or 16.4%), despite the roughly similar overall number of live births (85,500 in 2015 and 84,642 in 2024).{{Cite web |title=Natural balance worsens in 2024, but the Grande Lisboa region registers a positive natural balance for the second consecutive year |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_destaques&DESTAQUESdest_boui=701628039&DESTAQUESmodo=2|date=29 April 2025|access-date=30 April 2025|website=www.ine.pt}}
=Current vital statistics=
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ |
| Period
! Live births ! Deaths ! Natural increase |
|---|
| January - April 2024
| 27,393 | 43,217 | -15,824 |
| January - April 2025
| 27,363 | 43,347 | -15,984 |
| Difference
| {{decrease}} -30 (-0.11%) | {{increasenegative}} -130 (+0.30%) | {{decrease}} -160 |
| colspan="4" style="text-align: center;" | Source:{{Cite web |title=Número de casamentos celebrados em abril de 2025 diminuiu 3,1% em relação ao mês homólogo de 2024 - Maio de 2025 |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_destaques&DESTAQUESdest_boui=706217781&DESTAQUEStema=55466&DESTAQUESmodo=2|date=12 June 2025|access-date=2 July 2025|website=www.ine.pt}} |
=Structure of the population=
{{Hidden begin
|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (Official Census 2021): {{Cite web |last= |first= |title=População residente (N.º) por Local de residência (à data dos Censos 2021)|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0000256&selTab=tab0 |language=pt-PT}}
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
| class="wikitable" |
| width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80pt"|Female ! width="80pt"|Total ! width="80pt"|% |
|---|
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 4 920 220 | align="right" | 5 422 846 | align="right" | 10 343 066 | align="right" | 100.00 |
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 218 527 | align="right" | 207 185 | align="right" | 425 712 | align="right" | 4.07 |
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 222 278 | align="right" | 210 889 | align="right" | 433 167 | align="right" | 4.14 |
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 251 339 | align="right" | 240 793 | align="right" | 492 132 | align="right" | 4.70 |
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 266 963 | align="right" | 255 595 | align="right" | 522 558 | align="right" | 4.99 |
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 287 540 | align="right" | 273 647 | align="right" | 560 887 | align="right" | 5.36 |
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 280 721 | align="right" | 268 129 | align="right" | 548 850 | align="right" | 5.24 |
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 287 493 | align="right" | 284 268 | align="right" | 571 761 | align="right" | 5.46 |
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 305 503 | align="right" | 314 418 | align="right" | 619 921 | align="right" | 5.92 |
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 351 485 | align="right" | 375 132 | align="right" | 726 617 | align="right" | 6.94 |
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 392 737 | align="right" | 423 651 | align="right" | 816 388 | align="right" | 7.80 |
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 366 189 | align="right" | 400 157 | align="right" | 766 346 | align="right" | 7.32 |
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 351 700 | align="right" | 397 580 | align="right" | 749 280 | align="right" | 7.16 |
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 339 143 | align="right" | 386 682 | align="right" | 725 825 | align="right" | 6.93 |
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 309 373 | align="right" | 359 065 | align="right" | 668 438 | align="right" | 6.39 |
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 282 050 | align="right" | 335 766 | align="right" | 617 816 | align="right" | 5.90 |
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 215 263 | align="right" | 278 986 | align="right" | 494 249 | align="right" | 4.72 |
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 148 007 | align="right" | 211 012 | align="right" | 359 019 | align="right" | 3.43 |
| align="right" | 85+
| align="right" | 125 800 | align="right" | 242 600 | align="right" | 368 400 | align="right" | 3.52 |
| width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80"|Female ! width="80"|Total ! width="50"|Percent |
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 692 144 | align="right" | 658 867 | align="right" | 1 351 011 | align="right" | 12.91 |
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 3 272 879 | align="right" | 3 335 554 | align="right" | 6 608 433 | align="right" | 63.13 |
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 1 036 788 | align="right" | 1 386 851 | align="right" | 2 507 922 | align="right" | 23.96 |
{{Hidden end}}
{{Hidden begin
|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (Population Estimate 2024): {{Cite web |last= |first= |title=População residente (Série longa, início 1991 - N.º) por Local de residência (NUTS - 2024), Sexo e Idade; Anual|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0012903&selTab=tab0 |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=População residente por sexo e grupo etário |url=https://www.pordata.pt/pt/estatisticas/populacao/populacao-residente/populacao-residente-por-sexo-e-grupo-etario?_gl=1*1mdg7ad*_up*MQ..*_ga*NzY4ODYwNDEzLjE3NDY4NDA2MjI.*_ga_HL9EXBCVBZ*czE3NDY4NDA2MjIkbzEkZzAkdDE3NDY4NDA2MjIkajAkbDAkaDA. |website=Pordata|access-date=10 May 2025|language=pt-PT}}
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
| class="wikitable" |
| width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80pt"|Female ! width="80pt"|Total ! width="80pt"|% |
|---|
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 5 140 276 | align="right" | 5 609 359 | align="right" | 10 749 635 | align="right" | 100.00 |
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 220 086 | align="right" | 207 377 | align="right" | 427 463 | align="right" | 3.98 |
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 233 624 | align="right" | 221 883 | align="right" | 455 507 | align="right" | 4.24 |
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 243 599 | align="right" | 232 920 | align="right" | 476 519 | align="right" | 4.43 |
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 268 162 | align="right" | 258 998 | align="right" | 527 160 | align="right" | 4.90 |
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 289 623 | align="right" | 281 268 | align="right" | 570 891 | align="right" | 5.31 |
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 302 498 | align="right" | 290 466 | align="right" | 592 964 | align="right" | 5.52 |
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 308 727 | align="right" | 301 687 | align="right" | 610 414 | align="right" | 5.68 |
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 311 627 | align="right" | 316 321 | align="right" | 627 948 | align="right" | 5.84 |
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 352 567 | align="right" | 371 643 | align="right" | 724 210 | align="right" | 6.74 |
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 392 447 | align="right" | 422 057 | align="right" | 814 504 | align="right" | 7.58 |
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 382 410 | align="right" | 419 694 | align="right" | 802 104 | align="right" | 7.46 |
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 355 426 | align="right" | 399 864 | align="right" | 755 290 | align="right" | 7.03 |
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 349 270 | align="right" | 400 047 | align="right" | 749 317 | align="right" | 6.97 |
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 321 825 | align="right" | 373 947 | align="right" | 695 772 | align="right" | 6.47 |
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 284 282 | align="right" | 341 054 | align="right" | 625 336 | align="right" | 5.82 |
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 233 561 | align="right" | 298 384 | align="right" | 531 945 | align="right" | 4.95 |
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 155 373 | align="right" | 218 362 | align="right" | 373 735 | align="right" | 3.48 |
| align="right" | 85–89
| align="right" | 93 879 | align="right" | 156 944 | align="right" | 250 823 | align="right" | 2.33 |
| align="right" | 90–94
| align="right" | 34 159 | align="right" | 74 080 | align="right" | 108 239 | align="right" | 1.01 |
| align="right" | 95–99
| align="right" | 6 535 | align="right" | 19 677 | align="right" | 26 212 | align="right" | 0.24 |
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 596 | align="right" | 2 686 | align="right" | 3 282 | align="right" | 0.03 |
| width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80"|Female ! width="80"|Total ! width="50"|Percent |
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 697 309 | align="right" | 662 180 | align="right" | 1 359 489 | align="right" | 12.65 |
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 3 312 757 | align="right" | 3 462 045 | align="right" | 6 774 802 | align="right" | 63.02 |
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 1 130 210 | align="right" | 1 485 134 | align="right" | 2 615 344 | align="right" | 24.33 |
{{Hidden end}}
=Maps=
File:Densidad-Portugal-2020.png|Population density by municipality in Portugal (2020).
File:Poblacion-Portugal-2020.png|Population by municipality in Portugal (2020).
File:Variacion-01-11-Portugal.png|Population change by municipality in Portugal between 2001 and 2011.
File:Variacion-11-20-Portugal.png|Population change by municipality in Portugal between 2011 and 2020.
Other demographic statistics
{{Historical populations
|title= Historical population
|type =
|cols = 1
|percentages=pagr
|footnote =Source: INEINE, [https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0014164&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2 População (N.º) por Localização geográfica à data dos Censos (Série 1890 - 2021), Sexo e Grupo etário; Decenal], 2025INE, [https://censos.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=CENSOS&xpgid=censos_historia_pt Censos em Portugal de 1864 a 2011], 2014. OWID[https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population?tab=chart&country=PRT Portugal Population, 10,000 BCE to 2023], 2023
|0 | 412924
|600 | 367043
|1100 | 688207
|1400 | 825848
|1500 | 1150000
|1600 | 1840000
|1710 | 2430000
|1810 | 3010000
|1825 | 3390000
|1849 | 3411454
|1864 | 4188419
|1878 | 4550699
|1890 | 5049729
|1900 | 5423132
|1911 | 5969056
|1920 | 6032991
|1930 | 6825883
|1940 | 7722152
|1950 | 8510240
|1960 | 8851240
|1970 | 8648369
|1981 | 9833041
|1991 | 9862540
|2001 | 10356117
|2011 | 10562178
|2021 | 10343066
|2024 | 10749635
}}
File:Historical population of Portugal.svg
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.{{citation|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/|title=World Factbook EUROPE : PORTUGAL|work=The World Factbook|date=July 12, 2018}}
;Total population:
:10,749,635 (2024 official INE estimate){{Cite web |title=População residente (Série longa, início 1991 - N.º) por Local de residência (NUTS - 2013), Sexo e Idade; Anual |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0000256&selTab=tab0 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=www.ine.pt}}
;Age structure of the resident population
:2024 official INE estimate:{{Cite web |title=População residente (Série longa, início 1991 - N.º) por Local de residência (NUTS - 2024), Sexo e Idade; Anual |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0012903&selTab=tab0 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=www.ine.pt}}
:* 0-14 years: 12.65% (male 697,309 /female 662,180)
:* 15-64 years: 63.02% (male 3,312,757 /female 3,462,045)
:* 65 years and over: 24.33% (male 1,130,210/female 1,485,134)
;Median age:
:* total: 47.3 years (2024 official INE data){{Cite web |title=Idade mediana da população residente por Local de residência (NUTS - 2024) e Sexo; Anual |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0013277&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2 |date=2025-06-18| access-date=2025-06-18 |website=INE |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite web |title=Population structure indicators at national level: Median age |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/DEMO_PJANIND__custom_7251443/default/table?lang=en |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=ec.europa.eu}}
:* male: 45.5 years
:* female: 48.9 years
;Birth rate:
:7.9 births/1,000 population (2024 official INE estimate){{Cite web |title=Taxa bruta de natalidade |url=https://www.pordata.pt/portugal/taxa+bruta+de+natalidade-527 |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=www.pordata.pt}}
;Death rate:
:11.2 deaths/1,000 population (2024 official INE estimate){{Cite web |title=Taxa bruta de mortalidade |url=https://www.pordata.pt/Municipios/Taxa+bruta+de+mortalidade-367 |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=www.pordata.pt}}
;Total fertility rate:
:1.40 children born/woman (2024 official INE estimate){{Cite web |title=Indicadores de fecundidade: Índice sintético de fecundidade e taxa bruta de reprodução |url=https://www.pordata.pt/Portugal/Indicadores+de+fecundidade+Indice+sintetico+de+fecundidade+e+taxa+bruta+de+reproducao-416 |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=www.pordata.pt}}
;Net migration rate:
:13.40 net migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 official INE estimate){{Cite web |title=População residente: total e por grupo etário |url=https://www.pordata.pt/portugal/populacao+residente+total+e+por+grupo+etario-10 |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=www.pordata.pt}}{{Cite web |title=Saldos populacionais anuais: saldo total, saldo natural e saldo migratório |url=https://www.pordata.pt/portugal/saldos+populacionais+anuais+saldo+total++saldo+natural+e+saldo+migratorio-657 |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=www.pordata.pt}}
;Population growth rate:
:+ 1.03 % (2024 official INE estimate)
;Mother's mean age at first birth:
:30.3 years (2024 official INE estimate)
;Life expectancy at birth:
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!Period !Life expectancy in !Period !Life expectancy in |
| 1950–1955
|60.3 |1990–1995 |{{increase}}74.9 |
| 1955–1960
|{{increase}}62.4 |1995–2000 |{{increase}}76.0 |
| 1960–1965
|{{increase}}64.5 |2000–2005 |{{increase}}77.6 |
| 1965–1970
|{{increase}}66.4 |2005–2010 |{{increase}}79.3 |
| 1970–1975
|{{increase}}68.3 |2010–2015 |{{increase}}80.5 |
| 1975–1980
|{{increase}}70.4 |2015–2020 |{{increase}}81.1 |
| 1980–1985
|{{increase}}72.5 |2020–2024 |{{increase}}82.6 |
| 1985–1990
|{{increase}}74.0 | | |
Source: UN World Population Prospects{{cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|access-date=2017-07-15}}
;Infant mortality rate:
:2022 official INE estimate:
:* total: 2.59 deaths/1,000 live births. Country comparison to the world: 216th
:* male: 2.75 deaths/1,000 live births
:* female: 2.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 official INE estimate){{Cite web |title=Taxa de mortalidade infantil (‰) por Sexo; Anual |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0001389&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2}}
;Infant mortality rate
| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
!1960 !1961 !1962 !1963 !1964 !1965 !1966 !1967 !1968 !1969 !1970 !1971 !1972 !1973 !1974 !1975 |
| Deaths/1,000 live births
|77.5 |88.8 |78.6 |73.1 |69.0 |64.9 |64.7 |59.2 |61.1 |55.8 |55.5 |51.9 |41.4 |44.8 |37.9 |38.9 |
| Years
!1976 !1977 !1978 !1979 !1980 !1981 !1982 !1983 !1984 !1985 !1986 !1987 !1988 !1989 !1990 !1991 |
|---|
| Deaths/1,000 live births
|33.4 |30.3 |29.1 |26.0 |24.3 |21.8 |19.8 |19.2 |16.7 |17.8 |15.8 |14.3 |13.0 |12.1 |10.9 |10.8 |
| Years
!1992 !1993 !1994 !1995 !1996 !1997 !1998 !1999 !2000 !2001 !2002 !2003 !2004 !2005 !2006 !2007 |
| Deaths/1,000 live births
|9.2 |8.6 |7.9 |7.4 |6.8 |6.4 |6.0 |5.6 |5.5 |5.0 |5.0 |4.1 |3.8 |3.5 |3.3 |3.4 |
| Years
!2008 !2009 !2010 !2011 !2012 !2013 !2014 !2015 !2016 !2017 !2018 !2019 !2020 !2021 !2022 !2023 |
| Deaths/1,000 live births
|3.3 |3.6 |2.5 |3.1 |3.4 |2.9 |2.9 |2.9 |3.2 |2.7 |3.3 |2.9 |2.4 |2.4 |2.6 |2.5 |
File:Life expectancy in Portugal.svg in Portugal since 1940]]
File:Life expectancy by WBG -Portugal -diff.png
:2022 official INE estimate:
:* total dependency ratio: 58.4
:* youth dependency ratio: 20.44
:* elderly dependency ratio: 37.96
:* potential support ratio: 2.63 (2022 INE estimate)
;Urbanization:
:urban population: 73.38% of total population (2020 official INE estimate{{Cite web |title=Portal do INE |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0008856&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2&xlang=pt |access-date=2024-04-15 |website=www.ine.pt}})
:rate of urbanization: 0.44% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
;Sex ratio:
:2022 official INE estimate:
:* at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female{{Cite web |title=Nados-vivos de mães residentes em Portugal: total e por sexo |url=https://www.pordata.pt/Municipios/Nados+vivos+de+maes+residentes+em+Portugal+total+e+por+sexo-103}}
:* under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female{{Cite web |title=População residente (N.º) por Local de residência (NUTS - 2013), Sexo e Grupo etário; Anual |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0008273}}
:* 15–64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
:* 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
:* total population: 0.90 male(s)/female{{Cite web |title=Relação de masculinidade |url=https://www.pordata.pt/portugal/relacao+de+masculinidade-621}}
Employment and income
;Unemployment, youth ages 15–24
:
:total: 23.1%. Country comparison to the world: 66th
:male: 20.6%
:female: 26.2% (2021 est.)
Urban organization
=Metropolitan areas and agglomerations=
File:MunicipiosMaisPopul.svg are visible.|366x366px]]
As of 2024, Portugal had two significant agglomerations: the political metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto – Grande Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (3.0 million) and Grande Área Metropolitana do Porto (1.8 million). Together they host 44.87% of the total population.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0012918&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2|title=População residente (N.º) por Local de residência (NUTS - 2024), Sexo e Grupo etário; Anual|publisher=INE|access-date=18 June 2024|date=18 June 2025}}
| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="border: black 1px fixed" |
!Image!!City!!Metropolitan area!!Core municipality | |||
| |220px | Lisbon | 3,005,119 | 575,739 |
| |220px | Porto | 1,818,217 | 252,687 |
=Largest urban areas=
When considering the number of inhabitants in consistent single urban areas, de facto cities in mainland Portugal, per the new with increased density of human-created structures, and excluding suburban and rural areas, Portugal has two cities with about one million inhabitants each (Lisbon and Porto), ten others with more than 50,000 inhabitants and 14 cities with populations between 20,000 and 40,000 inhabitants.Fernando Nunes da Silva (2005), [http://www.moptc.pt/tempfiles/20060227144758moptc.pdf Alta Velocidade em Portugal, Desenvolvimento Regional], CENSUR, IST {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624061135/http://www.moptc.pt/tempfiles/20060227144758moptc.pdf|date=24 June 2009}}
File:Marquis of Pombal Square (Praça Marquês de Pombal) 4.jpg|1.Lisbon and surroundings
3 million inh. ca.
Greater Lisbon
File:Porto (37008876271).jpg|2.Porto and surroundings
2 million inh. ca.
Greater Porto
File:Avenida Central 2018 (1).jpg|3.Braga
204,000 inh.
File:DJI 0136.castelo guimarãesJPG.jpg|4.Guimarães
157,000 inh.
File:Coimbra 2021 (63).jpg|5.Coimbra
147,000 inh.
File:Câmara Municipal de Vila Nova de Famalicão - Portugal (24653100438).jpg|6. Vila Nova de Famalicão
137,000 inh.
File:Leiria - Portugal (40481754050).jpg|7. Leiria
136,000 inh.
File:Aerial photograph of Barcelos 2023 (3).jpg|8. Barcelos
117,000 inh.
File:Vista de Funchal desde Pico dos Barcelos, Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-29, DD 45.jpg|9.Funchal
108,000 inh.
File:ViseuAereas1.jpg|10.Viseu
104,000 inh.
=Largest cities=
Portugal has 151 localities with national city status (cidade). Every city is included into a municipality (município). This is a list of population by city, which means that it refers to the number of inhabitants in the city proper, excluding inhabitants from the same municipality but living outside the urban area of the city in other civil parishes (freguesias) of the municipality. In some cases (e.g. Lisbon), the entire municipality and the city proper cover the same territory.[http://dev.igeo.pt/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html UMA POPULAÇÃO QUE SE URBANIZA, Uma avaliação recente – Cidades, 2004] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006143612/http://dev.igeo.pt/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html |date=6 October 2014 }} Nuno Pires Soares, Instituto Geográfico Português (Geographic Institute of Portugal){{Cite web |last=|first=|title=Portugal: Regions and Cities|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/portugal/cities/|access-date=2023-07-04 |website=CITY POPULATION - statistics, maps & charts |language=en-EN}}{{Cite web |title=Censos2021 |url=https://geoc2021.ine.pt/ |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=geoc2021.ine.pt}}
[[File:Mapa densidade portugal.png|thumb|230px|right|Population density of Portugal in 2021, per km2:
{{Legend|#ffff00|0-49}}
{{Legend|#ffcc00|50-99}}
{{Legend|#ffa500|100-499}}
{{Legend|#ff6600|500-999}}
{{Legend|#ff0000|1000-1999}}
{{Legend|#880404|2000+}}]]
| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" | ||||
| align="right" | Rank
! align="left" | City name ! align="right" | Population ! align="left" | Metropolitan area ! align="left" | Subregion | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| align="right"
|1 | align="left" | Lisbon | 548,703 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Grande Lisboa |
| align="right"
|2 | align="left" | Porto | 240,592 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Grande Porto |
| align="right"
|3 | align="left" | Vila Nova de Gaia | 188,443 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Grande Porto |
| align="right"
|4 | align="left" | Amadora | 174,511 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Grande Lisboa |
| align="right"
|5 | align="left" | Braga | 148,977 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Minho | align="left" | Cávado |
| align="right"
|6 | align="left" | Coimbra | 106,655 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Coimbra | align="left" | Baixo Mondego |
| align="right"
|7 | align="left" | Funchal | 106,429 | align="left" | Madeira | |
| align="right"
|8 | align="left" | Setúbal | 98,470 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Península de Setúbal |
| align="right"
|9 | align="left" | Almada | 88,202 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Península de Setúbal |
| align="right"
|10 | align="left" | Agualva-Cacém | 81,006 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Grande Lisboa |
| align="right"
|11 | align="left" | Queluz | 73,047 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Grande Lisboa |
| align="right"
|12 | align="left" | Rio Tinto | 65,469 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Grande Porto |
| align="right"
|13 | align="left" | Barreiro | 62,860 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Península de Setúbal |
| align="right"
|14 | align="left" | Aveiro | 62,130 | align="left" | Baixo Vouga | |
| align="right"
|15 | align="left" | Viseu | 60,570 | align="left" | Dão-Lafões | |
| align="right"
|16 | align="left" | Odivelas | 58,170 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Grande Lisboa |
| align="right"
|17 | align="left" | Guimarães | 54,750 | align="left" | Ave | |
| align="right"
|18 | align="left" | Leiria | 54,540 | align="left" | Pinhal Litoral | |
| align="right"
|19 | align="left" | Faro | 49,360 | align="left" | Algarve | |
| align="right"
|20 | align="left" | Matosinhos | 49,034 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Grande Porto |
| align="right"
|21 | align="left" | Loures | 46,246 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Grande Lisboa |
| align="right"
|22 | align="left" | Portimão | 43,810 | align="left" | Algarve | |
| align="right"
|23 | align="left" | Póvoa de Varzim | 41,206 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Grande Porto |
| align="right"
|24 | align="left" | Amora | 41,140 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Península de Setúbal |
| align="right"
|25 | align="left" | Maia | 40,534 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Grande Porto |
| align="right"
|26 | align="left" | Évora | 40,373 | align="left" | Alentejo Central | |
| align="right"
|27 | align="left" | Montijo | 40,130 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | align="left" | Península de Setúbal |
| align="right"
|28 | align="left" | Ponta Delgada | 40,050 | align="left" | Açores | |
| align="right"
|29 | align="left" | Santa Maria da Feira | 39,576 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Entre Douro e Vouga |
| align="right"
|30 | align="left" | Ermesinde | 38,570 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto | align="left" | Grande Porto |
=Largest municipalities by population=
The following table lists the largest Portuguese municipalities by population as of 2023. The land area is expressed in km2 and only municipalities with populations of over 100,000 inhabitants are listed. The 26 listed municipalities account for 46.15% of the country's population and for only 5.14% of its total land area.
| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" | |||
| align="right" | Rank
! align="left" | Municipality ! align="right" | Population !Land Area !Density ! align="left" | Metropolitan area | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| align="right"
|1 | align="left" | Lisbon | 575,739
|100.05 |5,754.5 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|2 | align="left" | Sintra | 400,947
|319.23 |1,256.0 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|3 | align="left" | Vila Nova de Gaia | 312,984
|168.46 |1,857.9 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto |
| align="right"
|4 | align="left" | Porto | 252,687
|41.42 |6,100.6 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto |
| align="right"
|5 | align="left" | Cascais | 222,339
|97.40 |2,282.7 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|6 | align="left" | Loures | 209,877
|167.24 |1,254.9 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|7 | align="left" | Braga | 203,519
|183.40 |1,109.7 | |
| align="right"
|8 | align="left" | Almada | 183,643
|70.21 |2,615.6 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|9 | align="left" | Amadora | 181,607
|23.78 |7,637.0 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|10 | align="left" | Matosinhos | 181,046
|62.42 |2,900.4 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto |
| align="right"
|11 | align="left" | Oeiras | 177,866
|45.88 |3,876.8 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|12 | align="left" | Seixal | 176,883
|95.50 |1,852.2 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|13 | align="left" | Gondomar | 169,388
|131.86 |1,284.6 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto |
| align="right"
|14 | align="left" | Guimarães | 156,513
|240.95 |649.6 | |
| align="right"
|15 | align="left" | Odivelas | 156,278
|26.54 |5,888.4 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|16 | align="left" | Coimbra | 146,899
|319.40 |459.9 | align="left" | |
| align="right"
|17 | align="left" | Maia | 144,664
|82.99 |1,743.2 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto |
| align="right"
|18 | align="left" | Vila Franca de Xira | 140,711
|318.19 |442.2 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|19 | align="left" | Santa Maria da Feira | 140,568
|215.88 |651.1 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto |
| align="right"
|20 | align="left" | Vila Nova de Famalicão | 136,704
|201.59 |678.1 | align="left" | |
| align="right"
|21 | align="left" | Leiria | 136,006
|565.09 |240.7 | align="left" | |
| align="right"
|22 | align="left" | Setúbal | 124,339
|230.33 |539.8 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| align="right"
|23 | align="left" | Barcelos | 116,959
|378.90 |308.7 | align="left" | |
| align="right"
|24 | align="left" | Funchal | 108,129
|76.14 |1,420.1 | align="left" | |
| align="right"
|25 | align="left" | Viseu | 103,502
|507.10 |204.1 | align="left" | |
| align="right"
|26 | align="left" | Valongo | 101,464
|75.12 |1,350.7 | align="left" | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto |
People
{{main|Portuguese people}}
=Nationality=
:noun: Portuguese (singular and plural)
:adjective: Portuguese
=Immigration=
{{main|Immigration to Portugal}}
File:Portuguese and foreign born population pyramid in 2021.svg
In 1992, 1.3% of the population was foreign, by 2024 the number had grown to more than 14% or 1,546,521 people.{{Cite web |date=8 April 2025 |title=Relatório intercalar, Recuperação de processos pendentes na AIMA, População Estrangeira em Portugal |url=https://aima.gov.pt/media/pages/documents/4a518251d7-1744128191/relatorio-intercalar-recuperacao-de-processos-pendentes-na-aima-populacao-estrangeira-em-portugal.pdf |access-date=8 April 2025 |website=aima.gov.pt |language=pt-PT}}
Since the independence of the former African colonies, Portugal saw a steady immigration from Africa, most notably Cape Verde, Angola and Guinea-Bissau, but also São Tomé and Príncipe, Mozambique and former Portuguese India in Asia.
Portugal saw migration waves due to labor shortages since 1999, first from Eastern Europe (1999–2002), in two distinctive groups, a Slav (Ukraine, Russia and Bulgaria) and an East Latin (Romania and Moldova), that stopped and started declining as the labour market became saturated.
Since 2003, most of the immigrants came from Brazil, China and the Indian subcontinent. Family reunification was seen as important for a successful integration in the country, thus the government eased it, and in 2006, more than 6 in 10 new immigrants were family members of legal foreign residents in the country.[http://ww1.rtp.pt/noticias/index.php?article=362482&visual=26&tema=4 Imigração: Novos imigrantes legais em Portugal aumentaram 50% em 2006 – OCDE] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210125522/http://ww1.rtp.pt/noticias/index.php?article=362482&visual=26&tema=4 |date=10 February 2012 }} – RTP.pt
There is also a significant number of elderly Western European residents in search of quality of life, namely from the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium.
More recently, there is significant migration from the former Portuguese colony of Brazil, as since 2017 more than 30,000 Brazilians immigrate to Portugal annually.
Below is a summary table of the main foreign nationalities present in Portugal according to the latest AIMA data. As of December 31, 2023, there were 1,293,463 legally resident people in Portugal with foreign citizenship (12.16% of the population), with preliminary figures suggesting an increase to 1,546,521 by 2024 (14.39% of the population). These include both citizens born in Portugal with foreign citizenship and foreign immigrants. Descendants of immigrants are excluded (Portugal, like many European countries, does not collect data on ethnicity) and those who, regardless of place of birth or citizenship at birth, were Portuguese citizens (see also Portuguese nationality law). Among the latter are also naturalized citizens whose data are reported in the next table.
File:1st foreign nationality PT 2022.png.]]
| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+Largest groups of foreign residents as of 01.01.2024 !Nationality |
| {{flag|Brazil}}
|368,449 |
| {{flag|Angola}}
|55,589 |
| {{flag|Cape Verde}}
|48,885 |
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
|47,409 |
| {{flag|India}}
|44,051 |
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Italy}}
|36,227 |
| {{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
|32,535 |
| {{flag|Nepal}}
|29,972 |
| {{flag|China}}
|27,873 |
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|France}}
|27,549 |
| {{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
|26,460 |
| {{flag|Bangladesh}}
|25,666 |
| {{flag|Ukraine}}
|23,499 |
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Germany}}
|22,858 |
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Romania}}
|20,881 |
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Spain}}
|20,573 |
| {{flag|Pakistan}}
|17,148 |
| {{flag|United States of America}}
|14,126 |
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Netherlands}}
|13,592 |
| {{flag|Russia}}
|10,901 |
| Other countries {{small|(below 10,000)}}
|130,363 |
File:Immigrants in Portugal 2020.png by 2020.]]
Below is a summary table of Portuguese citizenship acquisitions by foreigners residing in the country recorded between 2008 and 2022 for countries having recorded at least 1,000 naturalizations during the given timespan. During this period, 342,458 people (3.27% of the current Portuguese population) obtained Portuguese citizenship according to the latest Eurostat data. These people are not counted among foreigners (see above table) as they are Portuguese citizens in all respects.{{cite web |title=Eurostat |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/MIGR_ACQ__custom_6165248/default/table?lang=en}}
| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" align="center"
!Nationality !Acquisitions of Citizenship |
| {{flagcountry|Brazil}}
| style="text-align:right" |89,713 |
| {{flagcountry|Cape Verde}}
| style="text-align:right" |55,109 |
| {{flagcountry|Ukraine}}
| style="text-align:right" |32,722 |
| {{flagcountry|Guinea-Bissau}}
| style="text-align:right" |27,043 |
| {{flagcountry|Angola}}
| style="text-align:right" |25,805 |
| {{flagcountry|Moldova}}
| style="text-align:right" |19,212 |
| {{flagcountry|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
| style="text-align:right" |14,990 |
| {{flagcountry|India}}
| style="text-align:right" |12,202 |
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flagcountry|Romania}}
| style="text-align:right" |6,922 |
| {{flagcountry|Nepal}}
| style="text-align:right" |6,473 |
| {{flagcountry|Russia}}
| style="text-align:right" |5,540 |
| {{flagcountry|Pakistan}}
| style="text-align:right" |5,288 |
| Other countries {{small|(below 5,000)}}
| style="text-align:right" |41,439 |
=Net migration=
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Portugal Net migration by regionData extracted from Portugal Statistics. ! Year !! Portugal !! Mainland !! Azores !! Madeira | ||||
| 2011 | -25,178 | -22,661 | -821 | -1,696 |
| 2012 | -37,290 | -34,127 | -955 | -2,208 |
| 2013 | -36,029 | -32,739 | -985 | -2,305 |
| 2014 | -26,495 | -21,293 | -2,066 | -3,136 |
| 2015 | -3,528 | 476 | -1,573 | -2,431 |
| 2016 | -629 | 2,222 | -1,400 | -1,451 |
| 2017 | 14,896 | 16,695 | -1,117 | -682 |
| 2018 | 23,757 | 24,720 | -1,094 | 131 |
| 2019 | 67,163 | 66,634 | -575 | 1,104 |
| 2020 | 57,768 | 54,889 | 839 | 2,040 |
| 2021 | 72,040 | 68,616 | 1,500 | 1,924 |
| 2022 | 136,144 | 131,449 | 1,973 | 2,722 |
| 2023 | 155,701 | 150,882 | 1,227 | 3,592 |
| 2024 | 143,641 | 138,766 | 1,276 | 3,599 |
=Ethnic minorities and persons with disabilities=
{{see also|Immigration to Portugal|Racism in Portugal|Romani people in Portugal}}
Portugal does not collect ethnicity or racial data of its population.{{Cite web |last=Shendruk |first=Amanda |date=2021-07-08 |title=Are you even trying to stop racism if you don't collect data on race? |url=https://qz.com/2029525/the-20-countries-that-dont-collect-racial-and-ethnic-census-data/ |access-date=2022-07-04 |website=Quartz |language=en}}
Anti-racism laws prohibit and penalize racial discrimination in housing, business, and health services.
Discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, education, access to health care, or the provision of other state services is illegal. The law mandates access to public buildings and to newly built private buildings for such persons.
Languages
{{main|Portuguese language}}
File:Portugal portuguese dialects.png
The main language spoken as first language by the overwhelming majority of the population is Portuguese.{{Cite web |last=Union |first=Publications Office of the European |date=2013-06-20 |title=Europeans and their languages : special Eurobarometer. 386, June 2012. |url=http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/f551bd64-8615-4781-9be1-c592217dad83 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=op.europa.eu |language=en}}
Other autochthonous languages spoken include:
- Caló (see also Caló language), the language of the Portuguese-Romani community. There are about 52,000 Romani people in Portugal.{{Cite web |last=Portugal |first=Rádio e Televisão de |title=Mais de 95% da etnia cigana em Portugal vive abaixo do limiar da pobreza |url=https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/pais/mais-de-95-da-etnia-cigana-em-portugal-vive-abaixo-do-limiar-da-pobreza_a1442067 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Mais de 95% da etnia cigana em Portugal vive abaixo do limiar da pobreza |date=25 October 2022 |language=pt}}
- Mirandês (see also Mirandese language), officially recognised as an official language.{{Cite web |last=Portuguesa |first=Observatório da Língua |date=2021-07-31 |title=A língua mirandesa é língua oficial em Portugal desde 1999. |url=https://observalinguaportuguesa.org/80760-2/ |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Observatório da Língua Portuguesa |language=pt-PT}} It enjoys special protection in the area of Miranda do Douro. As of today, there are about 15,000 people who speak the language (0.14%).{{Cite news |date=2015-05-31 |title=Língua Mirandesa |url=https://ctmad.pt/lingua-mirandesa/ |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Casa de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro de Lisboa |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite web |last=SAPO |title=Têm menos de 20 anos e sentem-se mais livres por falar mirandês |url=https://24.sapo.pt/atualidade/artigos/tem-20-anos-e-sentem-se-mais-livres-por-falar-mirandes |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=SAPO 24 |language=pt}}{{Citation |title=Assim se fala o mirandês |url=https://tvi.iol.pt/noticias/videos/assim-se-fala-o-mirandes/607827a20cf277cf82c19a2e |access-date=2023-05-11 |language=pt}}
- Barranquenhu (see also Barranquenho), spoken in the town of Barrancos (in the border between Extremadura, Andalusia and Portugal). As of today, there are about 3,000 speakers of the language (0.03%).{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Elisabete |date=2020-02-07 |title=O Barranquenho quer ser a 3ª língua oficial de Portugal |url=https://alentejo.sulinformacao.pt/2020/02/o-barranquenho-quer-ser-a-3a-lingua-oficial-de-portugal/ |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Sul Informação |language=pt-PT}}
- Minderico – a sociolect or argot spoken in Minde, practically extinct. There are about 150 speakers left{{Cite web |title=A luta de Vera Ferreira para salvar o minderico |url=https://omirante.pt/entrevista/2021-01-06-A-luta-de-Vera-Ferreira-para-salvar-o-minderico |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=O MIRANTE {{!}} A luta de Vera Ferreira para salvar o minderico. |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite web |last=Vicente |first=Manuel Fernandes |date=17 August 2009 |title=Minderico renasce com apoio da Volkswagen a línguas ameaçadas |url=https://www.publico.pt/2009/08/17/local/noticia/minderico-renasce-com-apoio-da-volkswagen-a-linguas-ameacadas-1396430 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=PÚBLICO |language=pt}}
- Portuguese Sign Language, the official language for the deaf community in Portugal. There are about 30,000 deaf people (0.29%) in Portugal who use the language.{{Cite web |title=Língua Gestual Portuguesa (LGP) |url=https://apsurdos.org.pt/?page_id=3725 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Associação Portuguesa de Surdos |language=pt-PT}} Interestingly, the first teacher of deaf-mutes in France was Portuguese-Jew Jacob Rodrigues Pereira.
Religion
{{main|Religion in Portugal|Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church|Our Lady of Fátima}}
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in Portugal {{small|(Census 2021)}}{{cite web|url=https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/pais/censos-2021-catolicos-diminuem-mas-ainda-sao-mais-de-80-dos-portugueses_n1449073|title=Censos 2021. Católicos diminuem, mas ainda são mais de 80% dos portugueses |publisher=RTP |date=2022-11-23 |access-date=2022-11-23}}
| label1 = Roman Catholicism
| value1 = 80.2
| color1 = #d4213d
| label2 = Protestantism
| value2 = 2.1
| color2 = DodgerBlue
| label3 = Jehovah's Witnesses
| value3 = 0.7
| color3 = Aquamarine
| label4 = Eastern Orthodoxy
| value4 = 0.7
| color4 = Purple
| label5 = Other Christian
| value5 = 1.0
| color5 = Pink
| label6 = Islam
| value6 = 0.4
| color6 = Green
| label7 = Hinduism
| value7 = 0.2
| color7 = Orange
| label8 = Buddhism
| value8 = 0.2
| color8 = Gold
| label9 = Judaism
| value9 = 0.03
| color9 = Blue
| label10 = Other religion
| value10 = 0.3
| color10 = Gray
| label11 = No religion
| value11 = 14.1
| color11 = Honeydew
}}
The great majority of the Portuguese population belongs to the Roman Catholic Church. Religious observance remains strong in northern areas, while the population of Lisbon and southern areas are generally less devout.
Religious minorities include a little over 400,000 Protestants and Mormons{{Cite web |last=Henriques |first=Joana Gorjão |title=O crescimento discreto dos mórmones em Portugal |url=https://www.publico.pt/2017/01/29/sociedade/noticia/mormones-o-crescimento-discreto-em-portugal-1759808 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=PÚBLICO |date=29 January 2017 |language=pt}}{{Cite web |last=Lusa |first=Agência |title=Aliança Evangélica comemora cem anos e diz haver 400 mil protestantes em Portugal |url=https://observador.pt/2021/11/14/alianca-evangelica-comemora-cem-anos-e-diz-haver-400-mil-protestantes-em-portugal/ |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Observador |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite web |title=2022 bate recorde de novas igrejas, em especial evangélicas e graças aos cidadãos brasileiros |url=https://www.dn.pt/sociedade/2022-bate-recorde-de-novas-igrejas-em-especial-evangelicas-e-gracas-aos-cidadaos-brasileiros-16140774.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=www.dn.pt |date=8 April 2023 |language=pt-PT}} (3.84% of the total population).
There are also about 100,000 Muslims{{Cite web |title="A comunidade muçulmana em Portugal dá-nos uma grande tranquilidade na prevenção do terrorismo" |url=https://www.dn.pt/sociedade/a-comunidade-muculmana-em-portugal-da-nos-uma-grande-tranquilidade-na-prevencao-do-terrorismo-15178283.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=www.dn.pt |date=20 September 2022 |language=pt-PT}} (1%) and 45,000 Hindus{{Cite web |title=Uma comunidade indiana em Portugal diversa e dialogante na fé |url=https://sicnoticias.pt/pais/2021-05-05-Uma-comunidade-indiana-em-Portugal-diversa-e-dialogante-na-fe-0caca0c0 |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=SIC Notícias |date=5 May 2021 |language=pt}}{{Cite web |title="Os meus filhos são hindus, portugueses e até rezam a ave-maria" |url=https://www.dn.pt/edicao-do-dia/17-out-2020/os-meus-filhos-sao-hindus-portugueses-e-ate-rezam-o-ave-maria-12931027.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=www.dn.pt |date=17 October 2020 |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite web |title=Cerca de 50.000 nepaleses entraram em Portugal nos últimos anos |url=https://www.dn.pt/sociedade/cerca-de-50000-nepaleses-entraram-em-portugal-nos-ultimos-anos---comunidade-hindu--14685296.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=www.dn.pt |date=16 March 2022 |language=pt-PT}} (0.43%), most of whom came from Goa, a former Portuguese colony on the west coast of India (Some Muslims also came from former two Portuguese African colonies with important Muslim minorities: Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique).
There are also about 1,500 Jews,{{Cite news |title=Por que judeus estão voltando a Portugal séculos após antepassados serem expulsos e massacrados |language=pt-BR |work=BBC News Brasil |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/geral-48440404 |access-date=2023-05-11}} 2,000 Baha'i{{Cite web |title=Portugal - Bahaipedia, an encyclopedia about the Bahá'í Faith |url=https://bahaipedia.org/Portugal |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=bahaipedia.org |language=en}} and 35,000 Sikh (0.34%)
Portugal is also home to about 17,000 Buddhists,{{Cite web |title=Budismo em Portugal {{!}} União Budista |url=https://uniaobudista.pt/budismo/portugal |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=uniaobudista.pt}} mostly Chinese from Macau and a few Indians from Goa.
Portugal is still one of the most religious countries in Europe, most Portuguese believe with certainty in the Existence of God and religion plays an important role in the life of most Portuguese.[https://www.dn.pt/portugal/portugueses-sao-mais-cristaos-e-vao-mais-a-igreja-do-o-resto-da-europa-9396819.html Portugueses são mais cristãos e vão mais à igreja do que o resto da Europa ocidental][https://www.publico.pt/2018/10/29/sociedade/noticia/portugal-unico-pais-europa-ocidental-onde-quase-metade-catolicos-acredita-deus-existe-1849285 Portugal é dos países onde mais pessoas garantem que Deus existe] According to the Pew Research Center, 40% of Portuguese Catholics pray daily.[https://www.pewforum.org/2017/08/31/five-centuries-after-reformation-catholic-protestant-divide-in-western-europe-has-faded/ Five Centuries After Reformation, Catholic-Protestant Divide in Western Europe Has Faded] Pew Research Center.
= Religious map of Portuguese municipalities =
Religion by municipality according with the 2021 Census.
{{multiple image
| align = left
| caption_align = center
| perrow = 2
| image1 = Catholics by municipality - Census 2021.png
| width1 = 335
| caption1 = Percentage of Catholics by municipality.
| image2 = Other christians - Census 2021.png
| width2 = 335
| caption2 = Percentage of Other Christians by municipality.
| image3 = Non-Christian religions.png
| width3 = 335
| caption3 = Percentage of Other religions (Non-Christians) by municipality.
| image4 = No-religion.png
| width4 = 335
| caption4 = Percentage of non religious by municipality.
}}
{{clear}}
Education
File:Cedofeita-Escola Secundária Carolina Michaelis (6).jpg highschool in Cedofeita]]
= Literacy =
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2021 official INE estimate){{Cite web |title=Statistics Portugal - Web Portal |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0012273&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2 |access-date=2024-04-15 |website=www.ine.pt}}
:total population: 96.92%
:male: 97.90%
:female: 96.04%
;School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
:total: 17 years
:male: 17 years
:female: 17 years (2020)
See also
- {{interlanguage link|Portugal census|pt|Censo demográfico em Portugal}}
- Portugal
Notes
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}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Portugal topics}}
{{Demographics of Europe}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Portugal}}