Duho languages

{{short description|Proposed language family}}

{{Infobox language family

|name=Duho

|acceptance=proposed

|region=Northwestern Amazon

|familycolor=American

|family= Proposed as one of the world's primary language families

|child1=Hodi–Saliban

|child2=Ticuna–Yuri

|glotto=none

}}

Duho is a proposed language family of South America, uniting two proposed genetic groupings, Hodi–SalibanRosés Labrada, J. E. 2015. Is Jodï a Sáliban Language? In: Workshop on historical relationships among languages of the Americas. Leiden, 2-5th September 2015, Universiteit Leiden. and Ticuna–Yuri. This language family was proposed by Marcelo Jolkesky (2016), based on his previous but now disclaimed Macro-Daha family which had also included the Andoque–Urequena languages.Jolkesky, Marcelo. 2009. [https://www.academia.edu/241934/Macro-Daha_reconstru%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_um_tronco_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstico_do_noroeste_amaz%C3%B4nico Macro-Daha: reconstrução de um tronco lingüístico do noroeste amazônico]. ROSAE - I Congresso Internacional de Lingüística Histórica, 26–29 July 2009.

Zamponi (2017) concludes that the similarities between Saliban and Hodɨ appear to be due to contact, but that a distant genealogical relationship between Betoi and Sáliban is plausible though not demonstrated. He does not address Ticuna–Yuri.Zamponi, Raoul. 2017 (2018). [https://www.academia.edu/37607961/ Betoi-Jirara, Sáliban, and Hodɨ: relationships among three linguistic lineages of the mid-Orinoco region]. Anthropological Linguistics 59: 263-321.

Prehistory

Jolkesky (2016) suggests that the homeland of Proto-Duho was in the Serranía de Chiribiquete.{{rp|590}}

Language contact

Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with Chibchan languages due to contact, which may point to the earlier presence of Chibchan speakers in the Orinoco basin.{{rp|325}}

Classification

Internal classification of the Duho language family by Jolkesky (2016):Jolkesky, M. 2016. [https://www.academia.edu/27105400/ Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas]. Brasilia: UnB. PhD Dissertation.

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Pronouns

Jolkesky's Duho languages have shared forms in for "I", *kʷ for "you" and *t for "we", which are found in all languages.

:

class=wikitable
languageIthouheshewethey
Ticuna

| ʧò- || ku- || dĩ- || ɡĩ- /i- || tò- || ta-́

Yuri

| tshuu || wikú || di || - || too || -

Saliba

| ʧ- || ũku, kʷ- || Ø-, i-, -di || x-, -x || t- || h-

Piaroa

| ʧ(u)- || (u)ku, kʷ- || Ø-, -de || hʷ-, -h || t(u)- || tʰ(a)-

Wirö

| ʧ(V)- || ɯkʷɯ, kʷ(V)- || Ø- || h(V)-, -h || d(V)-, -dɯtʰɯ || tʰ(V)-

Hodi

| ʰtæ || ʰkæ || || - || ʰtai || hai

Betoi

| r(u)- || uhu, h(u)- || Ø-, -ri || Ø- || r-, -nuto || ?

Lexicon

Several basic words in Duho languages appear to be related. The following examples are given, with further parallels in Sape:

:

class=wikitable
languagetreemouthheadhairpatheatspiritoffspringbreastwhowhat
Ticuna

| dãi || àː || èrú || ʧi || bã̀ || ɡõ̀ː || ã́ẽ̀ || dẽ́ || biĩ́ || tèẽ́ || tàː

Yuri

| noi || i à || gerühó || ii || -mó || - || - || o nné || - || - || -

Saliba

| - || aha || iʤu || - || maa(-na) || ikua || õãĩ || nẽ(-ẽ) || omixe || ã-diha || ã-daha

Piaroa

| dawi || æ || u(-ju) || -ʦˀe || mæ(-næ) || ku || ãẽ || ĩtʰĩ || ami || di || dæhe

Wirö

| towi || a || u; -ʤu || -ˀʤe || ma(-na) || ku(-õ) || - || ĩtʰĩ || omu || ti || tahi

Hodi

| ʰtawɯ || a || ʰtu || - || ma(-na); -ma || ʰku-õ || ãwẽ(-no) || ĩni || me(e) || - || -

(Sape)

| tapa || itu || koyanukú, moynaku || pa || mu || ko/ku || - || katona || wi || pante || pemente

References

{{reflist}}

{{Language families}}

{{South American languages}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duho languages}}

Category:Proposed language families

Category:Indigenous languages of South America