Economy of metropolitan Detroit

{{See also|Architecture of metropolitan Detroit}}

From the metro area economy, Michigan was second in the U.S. in 2004 for in new corporate facilities and expansions.MEDC (March 3, 2005) [http://www.globeinvestor.com/servlet/ArticleNews/print/PRNEWS/20050303/2005_03_03_12_0813_1322091 Michigan #2 in the Nation for New Corporate Facilities and Expansions in 2004] Globeinvestor.com PR NEWS WIRE. Retrieved on May 2, 2007. From 1997 to 2004, Michigan was the only state to top the 10,000 mark for the number of major new developments. Among metro areas with more than one million people, Metro Detroit was fourth in the U.S. from 2007 to 2009 for new corporate facilities and expansions.Lane, Amy (March 5, 2010). [http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20100305/BRIGHTSIDE/303059985 Michigan retains 3rd-place ranking by Site Selection magazine]. Crains Detroit Business. Retrieved on April 17, 2010.Medernach, Karen and Mike O'Conner (March 2010).[http://www.siteselection.com/issues/2010/mar/cover/0709_NewCorpFacilities.pdf 2007-2009 New Corporate Facilities and Expansions] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716075455/http://www.siteselection.com/issues/2010/mar/cover/0709_NewCorpFacilities.pdf |date=July 16, 2011}}. Site Selection. Retrieved on April 17, 2010. Metro Detroit has one of the nation's largest office markets with {{convert|147880000|sqft|m2|sp=us}}.{{usurped|1=[https://archive.today/20130119145315/http://www.colliersmn.com/prod/cclod.nsf/city/CCA7552CDCD47A70852571AB006E5FFD?OpenDocument Metro Detroit Office Market report]}}. Colliers International. Retrieved on August 16, 2008. Major inter-connected office complexes include the {{convert|5500000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} Renaissance Center, the {{convert|2200000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} Southfield Town Center, and the {{convert|1395000|sqft|m2|abbr=on}} Cadillac Place joined with the {{convert|487000|sqft|m2|-1|abbr=on}} Fisher Building in the historic New Center area.

File:RowHouses on John R.jpg on John R. Street, renovated as condominiums in 2003]]

The metro area's resilience has kept the state's economy growing in spite of difficulties.

From the third quarter of 2006 to the fourth quarter of 2009, Metro Detroit's residential resale housing market struggled, along with the residential real estate trend across the United States creating opportunities for buyers.Mortgage Foundation (website). [http://www.mtgfoundation.com/2007/03/michigan-housing-market-report-detroit-home-prices-plummet.html Michigan Housing Market Report: Detroit Home Prices Plummet]. Retrieved on April 7, 2007.Bourdet, Dorothy (November 22, 2006).[http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061122/BIZ03/611220342/1012 The incredible deflating housing market]. Detroit Free Press. The Case–Shiller index projects Metro Detroit as the nation's third strongest housing market by 2014, attracting interest from international investors.{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/businessweek|title=Businessweek - Bloomberg|website=Bloomberg.com}} Among the top fifty metropolitan areas, Detroit ranked as the third most affordable in the United States in a Forbes 2011 report.[http://www.fox19.com/Global/story.asp?S=13823284 Forbes ranks Cincinnati #5 for affordable cities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119193845/http://www.fox19.com/Global/story.asp?S=13823284 |date=January 19, 2016}}. Fox 19.com, (January 11, 2011). Retrieved January 12, 2011. Detroit was among the top five cities in the U.S. for job growth from 2010 to 2012.[http://www.wxyz.com/dpp/news/detroit-among-top-five-cities-across-country-for-job-growth Detroit among top five cities across country for job growth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030140628/http://www.wxyz.com/dpp/news/detroit-among-top-five-cities-across-country-for-job-growth |date=October 30, 2012}}. ABC News 7 WXYZ.com, October 28, 2012.Giang, Vivian (October 26, 2012).[https://finance.yahoo.com/news/the-10-us-cities-with-the-best-job-growth-right-now-24430599.html The 10 US Cities with the Best Job Growth]. Business Insider Yahoo.com.Headapohl, Jackie (March 30, 2011).[http://www.mlive.com/jobs/index.ssf/2011/03/detroit_in_top_5_markets_for_engineering.html Detroit in top 5 markets for engineering services sector]. MLive A 2011 economic study showed Metro Detroit with the highest share of employment (13.7%) in the technology sectors in the U.S.[http://www.andersoneconomicgroup.com/Portals/0/upload/Tech%20Report%20Book_printerres.pdf Technology industry report 2011]. Anderson Group, 2011. The state repealed its business tax in 2011 and replaced it with a 6% corporate income tax which substantially reduced taxes on business.{{cite news |last=Luke |first=Peter |date= May 25, 2011 |url= http://www.mlive.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/05/gov_rick_snyder_signs_michigan.html |title= Gov. Rick Snyder signs Michigan business/income tax overhaul into law |work= Bridge Magazine |access-date= December 3, 2011}}{{cite news|last=Bell |first=Dawson |date=November 18, 2011 |url=http://www.lansingstatejournal.com/article/20111118/NEWS04/311180025/Michigan-Supreme-Court-hands-Gov-Rick-Snyder-victory-plan-tax-pensions |title=Michigan Supreme Court hands Gov. Rick Snyder a victory on plan to tax pensions |work=Lansing State Journal |access-date=December 3, 2011}}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}} Michigan became the 24th Right to Work state in the U.S. in 2012.

Metro Detroit is home to highly successful real estate developers. Area suburbs are among the more affluent in the U.S.{{cite web|url=http://www.oakgov.com/peds/assets/docs/community_profiles/OakCounty.pdf#search=%22Oakland%20County%20richest%22 |title=2004–05 Community profile Oakland County |access-date=June 17, 2009 |quote=Oakland County also ranks as the fourth wealthiest county in the nation among counties with populations of more than one million people. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326083635/http://www.oakgov.com/peds/assets/docs/community_profiles/OakCounty.pdf |archive-date=March 26, 2009}} Some of the newer multimillion-dollar estates in the metro area include those of the Turtle Lake development in Bloomfield Hills by Victor International.[http://www.turtlelakeliving.com/ Turtle Lake in Bloomfield Hills] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070527101144/http://www.turtlelakeliving.com/ |date=May 27, 2007}}. Retrieved on March 31, 2007. There are a full range of retail shopping centers from upscale stores to discount chains. In 2007, Bank of America with regional offices in Troy announced that it would commit $25 billion to community development in Michigan.Crain's Detroit Business (October 4, 2007).[http://www.metromodemedia.com/innovationnews/bankofamerica3807.aspx Bank of America commits $25 B for community development in Michigan]. Metro Mode Media. Retrieved on September 6, 2008.

The Cool Cities Initiative is an innovative reinvestment strategy for America's northern cities begun by Michigan leaders to rebuild inner cities and downtowns.[http://www.coolcities.com/ Cool Cities Initiative] Retrieved on April 7, 2007. Immigration continues to play a role in the region's projected growth with the population of Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint (CMSA) estimated to be 6,191,000 by 2025.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}} Cities with existing infrastructure like Detroit are equipped to accommodate future increases in projected U.S. population growth.Haya El Nasser (May 27, 2006).[https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-10-26-100-million_x.htm]. USA Today. Retrieved on May 5, 2009. A 2007 report showed the city of Detroit's average household income at $47,962. Redevelopment of historic buildings is priority for the city.Kaffer, Nancy (March 31, 2010).[http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20100331/FREE/100339963 Detroit to begin demolition of dangerous buildings]. Crain's Detroit Business. Retrieved on July 1, 2010.

File:1001WoodwardfromCampusMartuis.jpg in Downtown Detroit, redeveloped into high-rise condominiums]]

OnStar, Ally Financial, Compuware, Quicken Loans, and Blue Cross Blue Shield Association have brought an increased employment base to downtown Detroit. In the decade leading up to 2006, downtown Detroit gained more than $15 billion in new investment from private and public sectors. The Detroit Riverfront conservancy has been able to acquire the $500 million investment for Detroit International Riverfront development through a series of public and private grants to complete the first phase of the five and a half-mile (8.8 km) parkway along the riverfront east from the Hart Plaza and the Renaissance Center to the Belle Isle Bridge with phase II west of Hart Plaza to the Ambassador Bridge.[http://www.detroitriverfront.org/ Detroit Riverfront Conservancy] Retrieved on April 2, 2007. In 2010, Henry Ford Health System and Vanguard Health Systems announced substantial renovations and expansions in New Center and Midtown Detroit.Greene, Jay (April 5, 2010).[http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20100405/FREE/100409959 Henry Ford Health System plans $500 million expansion]. Crains Detroit Business. Retrieved on June 12, 2010.

Lifestyles for rising professionals in Detroit reflect those of other major cities. A 2007 study found that Detroit's new downtown residents are predominantly young professionals (57 percent are ages 25–34, 45 percent have bachelor's degrees, 34 percent have a master's or professional degree).Reppert, Joe (October 2007).[http://downtowndetroit.org/ddp/newsroom/Detroit_Drill_Down_Report.pdf Detroit Neighborhood Market Drill Down] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926205010/http://downtowndetroit.org/ddp/newsroom/Detroit_Drill_Down_Report.pdf |date=September 26, 2011}}. Social Compact. Retrieved on July 10, 2010.Harrison, Sheena (June 25, 2007). [http://www.crainsdetroit.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070625/SUB/70623003/-1/newsletter02 DEGA enlists help to spur Detroit retail]. Crain's Detroit Business. Retrieved on November 28, 2007. "New downtown residents are largely young professionals according to Social Compact." This dynamic is luring many younger residents to the downtown area.Halaas, Jaime (December 20, 2005).[http://www.modeldmedia.com/features/loftdesign.aspx Inside Detroit Lofts] Model D Media. Some are choosing to live in the grandiose mansions of Grosse Pointe in order to be closer to the urban scene.{{cite web|url=http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20070702/SUB/707010309# |title=Waterfront Living: River rebirth draws residents downtown - Detroit News and Information - Crain's Detroit Business |publisher=Crainsdetroit.com |date=July 2, 2007 |access-date=July 1, 2010}} The {{convert|365|acre|km2|adj=on}} river east development is a plan investing billions of dollars in a new mixed use residential, commercial, and retail space for downtown Detroit to serve the people where they work and live. To spearhead the development, Michigan created the William G. Milliken State Park and Harbor downtown along the Detroit International Riverfront. In 2007, downtown Detroit was named among the best big city neighborhoods in which to retire by CNN Money editors.Bigda, Carolyn, Erin Chambers, Lawrence Lanahan, Joe Light, Sarah Max, and Jennifer Merritt. [https://money.cnn.com/galleries/2007/moneymag/0710/gallery.bpretire.moneymag/18.html Detroit Best place to retire: Downtown] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214174832/https://money.cnn.com/galleries/2007/moneymag/0710/gallery.bpretire.moneymag/18.html |date=December 14, 2012}}. CNN Money. Retrieved on October 22, 2007. In 2008, Troy, Michigan, ranked as the fourth-most affordable U.S. city with a median household income of 78,800.Gopal, Prashant. (August 29, 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080907002338/http://images.businessweek.com/ss/08/08/0829_affordable_metros/5.htm America's Most and Least Affordable Housing Markets]. Business Week. Oakland County is the fourth wealthiest county in the United States among counties with more than one million people.

Redevelopment of the Fort Shelby Hotel and the Westin Book-Cadillac Hotel has spurred economic growth downtown. Cobo Hall convention and exhibit facility, which hosts the North American International Auto Show, has begun a nearly $300 million renovation to be completed in 2014. Development of Detroit's west river area and its Michigan Central Station are the next important challenges for the city.

File:ChaseBuildingDetroit.JPG up Woodward Ave., left to right: The First National Building, One Woodward Avenue, the Guardian, The Qube, Greater Penobscot Building, and One Kennedy Square across from the District.]]

Metro Detroit is among the top five financial centers in the U.S. having all of the Big Four accounting firms.[http://www.detroitchamber.com Detroit Regional Chamber of Commerce] Retrieved on April 4, 2007. The area's major financial service employers include Quicken Loans, Ally Financial, Ford Motor Credit Company, Bank of America, Comerica, PNC Financial Services, Fifth Third Bank, JP Morgan Chase, GE Capital, TD Auto Finance, Deloitte Touche, KPMG, Ernst & Young, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Baker Tilly, Plante Moran, Robert Half International, and Raymond James.

Financial and investment executives have diverse employment opportunities in metropolitan Detroit. Ally Financial, headquartered at Tower 200 of the Renaissance Center, is among the largest holders of mortgages in the United States. Detroit-based Quicken Loans is the fifth-largest retail home mortgage lender in the U.S. and the largest online. The metropolitan area has a range of venture capital firms which finance business start-ups and acquisitions.Michigan Economic Development Corporation (MEDC).[http://www.michigan.org/medc/GreatLocation/Firm/ Venture Capital Firms] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208171912/http://www.michigan.org/medc/GreatLocation/Firm/ |date=February 8, 2007}} State of Michigan Retrieved on April 12, 2007. General Motors invests its $85 billion pension trust, providing funding to the area.Burr, Barry S. (February 23, 2009).[http://www.pionline.com/article/20090223/PRINTSUB/302239949 GM's pension fund]. Crain communications, Pensions & Investments. Retrieved on July 15, 2009.Bruno, Mark (March 19, 2007).[http://www.pionline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070319/PRINTSUB/70316041/1039/TOC "GM could become a bond trail blazer"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008170244/http://www.pionline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20070319%2FPRINTSUB%2F70316041%2F1039%2FTOC |date=October 8, 2007}} Pensions & Investments online Detroit's historic Penobscot Building in the downtown financial district is in the heart of the city's wireless Internet zone and fiber-optic network.

Fifth Third Bank, which maintains its regional headquarters at tower 1000 of the Southfield Town Center, announced a $100 million expansion in the Metro Detroit area in order to take market share from Dallas-based rival Comerica, which also maintains a large presence in Michigan. Fifth Third announced it would create 350 new jobs in the area and open 30 to 40 new branches.Smith, Joel (March 13, 2007).[http://detnews.com/article/20070313/BIZ/703130367/Fifth-Third-escalates-banking-turf-war Fifth Third escalates banking turf war].{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}} The Detroit News. Retrieved on July 5, 2010.

In 2009, Quicken Loans more than doubled its mortgage volume from the previous year to $25 billion, experiencing significant growth in market share.Golobay, Diana (March 4, 2010).[http://www.housingwire.com/2010/03/04/quicken-loans-doubles-mortgage-volume-in-2009 Quicken Loans Doubles Mortgage Volume in 2009] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308061303/http://www.housingwire.com/2010/03/04/quicken-loans-doubles-mortgage-volume-in-2009/ |date=March 8, 2010}}. Housing Wire. Retrieved on July 5, 2010. In 2010, Quicken began a new division within the company to provide mortgage services to community banks nationwide.Prior, John (May 17, 2010).[http://www.housingwire.com/2010/05/17/quicken-loans-to-provide-origination-outsourcing-for-smaller-banks Quicken Loans to Provide Origination Outsourcing for Smaller Banks] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524195107/http://www.housingwire.com/2010/05/17/quicken-loans-to-provide-origination-outsourcing-for-smaller-banks/ |date=May 24, 2010}}. Housing Wire. Retrieved on July 5, 2010.

In 2011, Quicken Loans relocated its headquarters to downtown Detroit, consolidating about 4,000 of its suburban employees in a move considered to be a high importance to city planners to reestablish the historic downtown.Howes, Daniel (November 12, 2007).[http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071112/UPDATE/711120450/1361 Quicken moving to downtown Detroit]. The Detroit News. Retrieved on November 12, 2007.Duggan, Daniel and Tom Henderson (November 13, 2007).[http://www.crainsdetroit.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071113/REG/71113001/1017/FREE/-/-/gilbert-moving-to-detroit-the-right-thing-and-the-smart-thing Gilbert: Moving to Detroit the right thing' - 'and the smart thing']. Crains Detroit Business. Retrieved on June 17, 2009.Howes, loc. cit. In 2011, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan consolidated 6,000 of its employees in downtown Detroit, relocating 3,000 to Tower 500 and 600 of the Renaissance Center from Southfield.{{cite web|url=http://www.mlive.com/business/detroit/index.ssf/2010/07/blue_cross_blue_shield_employe.html|title=Blue Cross Blue Shield employees gear up to move to Detroit's Renaissance Center |website=mlive.com|date=July 29, 2010 }}

Metro Detroit accounts for the State's national ranking in emerging technology fields such as life sciences, information technology, and advanced manufacturing; Metro Detroit's technology sector is fifth in the U.S. for total employment and fourth in the percent of employment concentrated within the sector.[http://www.andersoneconomicgroup.com/Publications/Detail/tabid/125/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/7994/Automation-Alleys-Technology-Industry-Report-2011-Edition.aspx Automation Alley Technology Industry Report (2011 Edition)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705103106/http://www.andersoneconomicgroup.com/Publications/Detail/tabid/125/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/7994/Automation-Alleys-Technology-Industry-Report-2011-Edition.aspx |date=July 5, 2015}}. Anderson Economic Group. Retrieved July 17, 2011. In 2010, the Detroit area became the fastest growing region in the U.S. for high technology jobs.Flinn, Roy and Jeff Green (March 24, 2011).[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/03/24/BU3U1II32D.DTL&type=business Detroit auto, tech firms woo Silicon Valley talent]. San Francisco Chronicle with Bloomberg News. Retrieved March 24, 2011. Downtown Detroit maintains a wireless Internet zone and has seen an influx of information technology jobs.Arend, Mark (January 2012).[http://www.siteselection.com/issues/2012/jan/Michigan.cfm Where the Tech Jobs Are]. Site Selection. A report by the Silicon Valley–based TechNet group found Michigan to be the leading state for stimulating demand for broadband, positioning it during the early 2000s.Bowman, Lisa, M. (July 17, 2003). [https://archive.today/20120711155725/http://news.com.com/Michigan+winning+the+broadband+race/2100-1034_3-1026945.html Michigan winning the broadband race] CNET News. Retrieved on April 12, 2007. The Michigan Information Technology Center provides education, support services, and conferencing facilities for the region's information technology companies.[http://www.michitc.org/index.html Michigan Information Technology Center] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815165302/http://www.michitc.org/index.html |date=August 15, 2007}}. Retrieved on June 17, 2009. The metro area is home to high tech business incubators such as the Michigan Security Network, a consortium which coordinates business growth of cybersecurity, biodefense, and border security sectors.Zemke, Jon (September 10, 2009).[http://www.metromodemedia.com/innovationnews/michigansecuritynetwork0132.aspx Defense firms coordinate attack with Michigan Security Network]. Metromode. Retrieved on January 2, 2010.(June 11, 2009).[http://www.metromodemedia.com/innovationnews/northwoodwardtechincubator0120.aspx Troy law firm opens North Woodward Tech Incubator]. Metromode. Retrieved on January 2, 2010.

Some of the metro area's information technology and software companies with a major presence or headquarters include Compuware, HP Enterprise Services, IBM, Google, General Electric, Unisys, Fiserv, Covansys, and ProQuest. HP Enterprise Services makes Metro Detroit its regional headquarters and one of its largest global employment locations. On June 26, 2009, General Electric announced that it will create software at a new advanced manufacturing and technology center in Van Buren Township. Comcast and Verizon maintain a large presence in the area. OnStar, based in the Renaissance Center is also a source of growth. Chrysler's largest corporate facility is its U.S. headquarters and technology center in the Detroit suburb of Auburn Hills. VisionIT and Kelly IT Resources are other large employers headquartered in the metro area filling a wide range of needs. Five of the world's twenty largest employers began in Metro Detroit.The Detroit Almanac (2001). Detroit Free Press.

On June 30, 2015, Quicken Loans announced the opening of its new state-of-the-art, 66,000-square-foot Technical Center in Corktown. The new facility will feature two 10,000-square-foot server rooms in addition to training, office, meeting, and technical support space. Half of the data center including one server room will be occupied by the Quicken Loans' technology team. An equal-sized 33,000 square foot portion of the building, including the second 10,000 square-foot server room, is available for lease.{{cite web|url=http://www.quickenloans.com/press-room/2014/construction-underway-on-new-detroit-based-quicken-loans-technology-center/|title=Construction Underway On New, Detroit-based Quicken Loans Technology Center - Quicken Loans Pressroom|date=May 20, 2014|website=quickenloans.com|access-date=June 3, 2014|archive-date=May 27, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527220545/http://www.quickenloans.com/press-room/2014/construction-underway-on-new-detroit-based-quicken-loans-technology-center/|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.freep.com/story/money/business/michigan/2015/06/30/detroit-corktown-quicken-gilbert/29504683/|title=Gilbert unveils new Quicken computer center|website=freep.com}}

{{See also|Engineering Research Center for Wireless Integrated Microsystems|University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index|United States Army Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center|University Research Corridor|Center for Automotive Research}}

File:Lawyers Club.jpg in Ann Arbor]]

Metro Detroit has diversified its economic base though initiatives in emerging technologies. Michigan typically ranks third or fourth in overall Research & development (R&D) expenditures in the United States. In 2011, Detroit received the first U.S. Patent and Trademark Office outside the Washington, D.C. area.Anglebrandt, Gary (December 22, 2010).[http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20101216/FREE/101219888/detroit-to-get-first-u-s-patent-satellite-office# Detroit to get first U.S. patent satellite office]. Crain's Detroit Business. Retrieved July 26, 2011. Metro area universities provide a source of top talent for the region. The University of Michigan in Ann Arbor is one of the world's leading research institutions and is among the highly ranked institutions in the U.S. The University of Michigan schools of engineering, medicine, business, and law are consistently among the top-ranked in the United States.{{cite web |url=http://execed.bus.umich.edu/michiganadvantage/ranking.aspx |title=Ranking of Executive Education at Michigan's Ross School of Business |access-date=July 5, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714171632/http://execed.bus.umich.edu/michiganadvantage/ranking.aspx |archive-date=July 14, 2012}}{{cite web |url=http://www2.med.umich.edu/prmc/media/newsroom/details.cfm?ID=606 |title=University of Michigan Medical School ranks among top 10 in country in U.S.News & World Report | University of Michigan Health System |access-date=July 5, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719074357/http://www2.med.umich.edu/prmc/media/newsroom/details.cfm?ID=606 |archive-date=July 19, 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.engin.umich.edu/about/rankings.html |title=Michigan Engineering | Rankings |access-date=July 5, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729154728/http://www.engin.umich.edu/about/rankings.html |archive-date=July 29, 2010}}{{cite web|url=http://www.top-law-schools.com/rankings.html|title=Law School Rankings|website=www.top-law-schools.com}} In 2002, the state constructed the NextEnergy Center just north of Wayne State University to focus on fuel cell development and alternative energy.

The area is home to many post-secondary institutions of higher learning and research, including: Baker College, Carnegie Institute, Cleary University, Cranbrook Educational Community, Eastern Michigan University, Lawrence Technological University, Oakland University, Thomas M Cooley Law School-Rochester, Walsh College, Rochester College, Madonna University, Marygrove College, University of Detroit Mercy, the University of Michigan, and Wayne State University.

On the Canadian side of the border, Windsor's two post-secondary institutions have partnered with auto makers to open high tech research and training facilities. The University of Windsor is home to the University of Windsor/DaimlerChrysler Canada Automotive Research and Development Centre. St. Clair College has the Ford Centre for Excellence in Manufacturing.University of Windsor. [http://athena.uwindsor.ca/units/eng/news.nsf/0/474F9FFD7E425CCA85256CD00049CC0D?openDocument "University of Windsor/DaimlerChrysler Canada Automotive Research and Development Centre"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013171806/http://athena.uwindsor.ca/units/eng/news.nsf/0/474F9FFD7E425CCA85256CD00049CC0D?openDocument |date=October 13, 2008}}. Retrieved on April 11, 2007.St Clair College. [http://www.stclaircollege.ca/fcem/ "Ford Centre for Excellence in Manufacturing"]. Retrieved on April 11, 2007.

{{See also|Michigan Life Sciences Corridor}}

Metro Detroit area is one of the leading health care economies in the U.S. according to a 2003 study measuring health care industry components, with the region's hospital sector ranking fourth in the nation.Devol, Ross C. and Rob Koepp (August 2003).[http://www.maricopa.edu/bwd/pdfs/healthpole003.pdf America's Health Care Economy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207160922/http://www.maricopa.edu/bwd/pdfs/healthpole003.pdf |date=February 7, 2012}}. Miliken Institute. Retrieved on November 6, 2011. A 2006 economic impact report showed that the metropolitan region supported 245,379 direct health care jobs with an additional 120,408 indirect and induced jobs.Michigan Health & Hospital Association (June 2006).[http://www.mha.org/mha_app/resources/economicimpact/index.jsp The Economic Impact of Health Care in Michigan (Third Edition)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071127044002/http://www.mha.org/mha_app/resources/economicimpact/index.jsp |date=November 27, 2007}}. Retrieved on October 23, 2007. Major health system networks in the region include the University of Michigan, Henry Ford, Beaumont, Detroit Medical Center, St. John, Oakwood, St. Joseph, Karmanos Cancer Center, and the John D. Dingell and Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Medical Centers.

Beginning in 2010, Oakland University in Rochester opened Michigan's fourth medical school in a partnership with Beaumont Hospitals. The school will boost the region's economy with jobs in the life sciences, research, clinical trials, and doctorsSchultz, Marisa and Mike Wilkinson (April 6, 2007).[http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070406/SCHOOLS/704060383 Auto Oakland U. to open medical school]. Detroit Free Press Wayne State University in Detroit has the largest single-campus medical school in the United States, and the nation's fourth largest medical school overall.[http://www.dmc.org/?id=14&sid=1 Careers at the DMC], retrieved 6/24/09 Detroit Medical Center formally became a part of Vanguard Health Systems on December 30, 2010, as a for-profit corporation. Vanguard has agreed to invest nearly $1.5 billion in the Detroit Medical Center complex which will include $417 million to retire debts, at least $350 million in capital expenditures and an additional $500 M for new capital investment.Anstett, Patricia (March 20, 2010).[http://www.dmc.org/upload/docs/News/FREEP3202010.pdf $1.5 Billion for new DMC] {{webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120905091819/http://www.dmc.org/upload/docs/News/FREEP3202010.pdf |date=September 5, 2012}}. Detroit Free Press. DMC.org. Retrieved on June 12, 2010.{{cite web|url=http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20100611/FREE/100619971|title=For-profit Vanguard signs deal to buy nonprofit Detroit Medical Center|date=June 11, 2010|website=crainsdetroit.com}}

In January 2009, the University of Michigan established the North Campus Research Complex through its purchase of the former Pfizer research facility with 30 buildings on {{convert|174|acre|km2}} in Ann Arbor in order to create about 2,000 jobs through establishing commercial partnerships.Rigg, Sarah A. (January 1, 2009).[http://www.mlive.com/businessreview/annarbor/index.ssf/2009/01/university_of_michigan_buys_fo.html University of Michigan buys former Pfizer site in surprise deal]. MLive. Retrieved on December 23, 2009. The Community Foundation of Southeast Michigan administers $100 M of private foundation grants for the regions New Economy Initiative to spur investment in a variety of metro area projects.Zemke, Jon (March 5, 2009).[http://www.metromodemedia.com/innovationnews/neweconomyinitiative0106.aspx New Economy Initiative makes big investment in Metro Detroit]. Metromode. Retrieved on January 2, 2009. A BioEnterprise Midwest Healthcare Venture report found that the Detroit - Ann Arbor region attracted $312 M in new biotechnology venture capital investments from 2006 to 2009.[http://www.metromodemedia.com/innovationnews/biotechvcrankingmetrodetroit0139.aspx Metro Detroit, Michigan score high in biotech VC rankings]. Metromode Dec 17, 2009. Retrieved on July 14, 2010.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110910155607/http://www.bioenterprise.com/images/company_assets/512F1C7F-0D64-4A5E-9D91-785DC064755F/q42009vcactivityrelease_23d7.PDF Midwest Health Care Startups Raise $780 M in 2009]}}. BioEnterprise. Retrieved on July 14, 2010.

In 2012, two major construction projects were begun in New Center, the Henry Ford Health System started the first phase of its South Campus site, a $500 million, 300-acre revitalization project, with the construction of a new $30 million, 275,000-square-foot, Medical Distribution Center for Cardinal Health, Inc.{{cite news|url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/30/henry-ford-health-system-300-acre-detroit-development-cardinal-health-_n_1556870.html |title= Henry Ford Health System Plans $500 Million, 300-Acre Detroit Development | work=Huffington Post | date=May 30, 2012}}{{cite web|url= http://www.dbusiness.com/September-October-2014/Block-By-Block/#.VPtOQ8J0yM8 |title= Blight removal in Detroit isn't impossible, but it is difficult|date= October 2, 2014}} and Wayne State University started construction on a new $93 million, 207,000-square-foot, Integrative Biosciences Center (IBio).Henderson, Tom (April 15, 2012).[http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20120415/FREE/304159964/wsu-to-build-93m-biotech-hub WSU to build $93M biotech hub]. Crains Detroit Business. Retrieved on March 15, 2015.{{cite web|url=http://archinect.com/dehronek_leedap/project/wayne-state-university-ibio-the-integrative-biosciences-center |title=Wayne State University IBio - The Integrative Biosciences Center |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925081546/http://archinect.com/dehronek_leedap/project/wayne-state-university-ibio-the-integrative-biosciences-center |archive-date=September 25, 2015}} As many as 500 researchers, and staff will work out of the IBio Center.{{cite web |title= Wayne State breaks ground on Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Building|url=http://media.wayne.edu/2012/10/15/wayne-state-breaks-ground-on-multidisciplinary |website=Today at Wayne |access-date=October 23, 2007 |language=en |date=2 July 2020}}

File:Ford Dearborn Development Center (Proving Grounds), Dearborn, Michigan (14200507431).jpg

As the world's traditional automotive center, Metro Detroit is headquarters to America's "Big Three" automakers, General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and Chrysler.{{cite web|url=http://www.sae.org/congress/|title=SAE World Congress convenes in Detroit|access-date=June 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210095927/http://www.sae.org/congress/|archive-date=February 10, 2007|url-status=dead}}Lawrence, Peter (2009).[http://www.cdf.org/issue_journal/interview_with_michigans_governor.html Interview with Michigan's Governor] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120031101/http://www.cdf.org/issue_journal/interview_with_michigans_governor.html |date=November 20, 2008}}, Corporate Design Foundation. Retrieved on June 17, 2009. "Michigan is known as the world's automotive center."

Virtually every major global automaker has a presence in the area including technology and design centers. Oakland County's "Automation Alley" has over 1,800 of world's advanced technology companies with Metro Detroit ranking fifth in the U.S. in technology sector employment.[http://www.wtcdw.com/regionaladvantages.pdf Regional Advantages for International Business] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070925184453/http://www.wtcdw.com/regionaladvantages.pdf |date=September 25, 2007}}. World Trade Center Detroit Windsor. Retrieved on September 3, 2007. There are about 4,000 factories in the area.World Book Inc., Volume 5. 2008. The automotive headquarters for the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) is in the suburb of Troy. OnStar and Ally Financial are a source for growth.

In spite of foreign competition for market share, Detroit's automakers have continued to gain volume from previous decades with the expansion of the American and global automotive markets. Manufacturing in the state grew 6.6% from 2001 to 2006,National Association of Manufacturers (February 2008).[https://web.archive.org/web/20081023020928/http://www.nam.org/~/media/Files/State_Data/Michigan.ashx Facts about Michigan Manufacturing]. Retrieved on June 17, 2009. In 2008, an economic and financial crisis impacted global auto industry sales. For 2010, the domestic automakers reported significant profits indicating the beginning of rebound.Shoenberger, Robert (May 25, 2010).[http://www.cleveland.com/business/index.ssf/2010/05/rebounding_auto_industry_boost.html Rebounding auto industry boosts Shiloh Industries' second-quarter sales, profit]. Cleveland.com. Retrieved on September 18, 2010.Schroeder, Robert (July 30, 2010).[http://www.marketwatch.com/story/obama-says-us-auto-industry-on-rebound-2010-07-30 Obama says U.S. auto industry on rebound]. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved on September 9, 2010.[https://money.cnn.com/2010/08/12/news/companies/gm_results/index.htm GM posts profit, CEO Whitacre to retire]. CNN Money. Retrieved on September 18, 2010.Cwiek, Sarah (November 30, 2010).[http://www.publicbroadcasting.net/michigan/news.newsmain/article/0/0/1731658/Michigan.Morning.Edition/New.study.shows.strong.economic.recovery.in.Metro.Detroit New study shows strong economic recovery in Metro Detroit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511073749/http://www.publicbroadcasting.net/michigan/news.newsmain/article/0/0/1731658/Michigan.Morning.Edition/New.study.shows.strong.economic.recovery.in.Metro.Detroit |date=May 11, 2011 }}. NPR Michigan. Retrieved December 4, 2010.Buss, Dale (April 1, 2012).[https://www.forbes.com/sites/dalebuss/2012/04/01/7-things-chrysler-could-use-for-a-good-second-half/ 7 Things Chrysler Could Use To Mount a Good 'Second Half']. Forbes. The sales revenue from just one of Detroit's automakers exceeds the combined total for all of the top companies in many major U.S. cities. A Center for Automotive Research (CAR) study estimated that tax revenue generated by the automotive industry in the United States for a single year, 2010, amounted to $91.5 billion in state and local tax revenue and additional $43 billion in federal tax revenue.{{Cite web | first = Paul A. | last = Eisenstein | title = Assessment of tax revenue generated by the auto industry | work = Center for Automotive research | date = April 2012 | url = http://www.cargroup.org/assets/files/final_tax_revenues_apr_2012_v3.pdf | access-date = December 2, 2012 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121108182509/http://www.cargroup.org/assets/files/final_tax_revenues_apr_2012_v3.pdf | archive-date = November 8, 2012}}

File:Headquarters of GM in Detroit.jpg is the headquarters of General Motors.]]

The area includes a variety of manufacturers and is an important component of U.S. national security.Clark, Wesley K. (November 17, 2008).[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/16/opinion/16clark.html What's Good for G.M. Is Good for the Army]. The New York Times. Retrieved on February 1, 2009. United States Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command (TACOM) is headquartered in Metro Detroit together with Selfridge Air National Guard Base. The region has important defense contractors such as General Dynamics. The area is home to Rofin-Sinar, a leading maker of lasers which are used for industrial processes. Advanced robotics is another important segment in the metro area. On June 27, 2009, General Electric announced plans to build a new $100 M center for advanced manufacturing technology and software, in Van Buren Township in Wayne County, expected to employ 1,200 people providing a pay range of $100,000 per year.Gallagher, John (June 27, 2009).[http://www.freep.com/article/20090627/BUSINESS06/906270326/GE+to+create+1+200+jobs GE to create 1,200 jobs in Michigan: New facility to hire tech-savvy workers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119193845/http://www.freep.com/article/20090627/BUSINESS06/906270326/GE+to+create+1+200+jobs |date=January 19, 2016}}. Detroit Free Press. Retrieved on June 28, 2009.Bailey, David and Soyoung Kim (June 26, 2009).[https://www.theguardian.com/business/feedarticle/8578904 GE's Immelt says U.S. economy needs industrial renewal]. The Guardian. Retrieved on June 28, 2009. Dow Chemical is a significant company in the metro region. The metro region's large energy producers include DTE and CMS.

[[File:Distribution of Detroit's Economy.svg|thumb|200px|Labor force distribution in Detroit by category:
{{Legend|#9a99ff|Construction}} {{Legend|#993365|Manufacturing}} {{Legend|#fffecb|Trade, transportation, utilities}} {{Legend|#cafffd|Information}} {{Legend|#660066|Finance}}

{{Legend|#fe8081|Professional and business services}}

{{Legend|#0265cb|Education and health services}}

{{Legend|#ccccfe|Leisure and hospitality}}

{{Legend|#010080|Other services}}

{{Legend|#ff00fe|Government}}]]

With its major port status, the city's infrastructure accommodates heavy industry. Marathon Oil Company maintains a large refinery in Detroit, expanded to refine oil sands from Canada.Reuters (June 20, 2008).[https://archive.today/20130201063300/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS134230+20-Jun-2008+PRN20080620 Construction Begins on Marathon's Detroit Refinery Upgrade Project]. Retrieved on September 20, 2008. Lafarge's cement distribution facility constructed at the city's Springwells Industrial Park in 2005 includes North America's largest cement silo.Concrete Monthly (October 2005).[http://www.concretemonthly.com/monthly/art.php?1732 Lafarge's new $30 million cement terminal is important part of Detroit revitalization] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628112025/http://www.concretemonthly.com/monthly/art.php?1732 |date=June 28, 2009}}. Retrieved on September 16, 2008.

Detroit's automakers are building vehicles like the Chevrolet Volt flex fuel hybrid and Buick LaCrosse e-assist hybrid. In 2006, Ford announced a dramatic increase in production of its hybrid gas-electric models,Dorinda Elliott (January 30, 2006). [https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,1151787,00.html "Can This Man Save The American Auto Industry?"] Time. Ford and GM have also promoted E-85 ethanol capable flexible-fuel vehicles as a viable alternative to gasoline. General Motors has invested heavily in all fuel cell-equipped vehicles,Kiley, David (June 13, 2001). [https://www.usatoday.com/money/autos/2001-06-13-gm-hydrogen.htm GM buys stake in firm tapping hydrogen power]. USA Today. while Chrysler is focusing much of its research and development into biodiesel.PRNewswire (March 22, 2006). [http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/060322/dew025.html?.v=41 Diesel Jeep Liberty Sales Double Expectations] Yahoo News. Two days after the September 11, 2001, attacks, GM announced it had developed the world's most powerful fuel cell stack capable of powering large commercial vehicles.[http://www.gm.com/company/news_events/press_releases/ GM announces world's most powerful fuel cell stack (13 September 2001)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314023031/http://www.gm.com/company/news_events/press_releases/ |date=March 14, 2007}}. GM Press Release. In 2002, the state of Michigan established NextEnergy, a non-profit corporation whose purpose is to enable commercialization of various energy technologies, especially hydrogen fuel cells. Its main complex is located north of Wayne State University. In August 2009, Michigan and Detroit's auto industry received $1.36 B in grants from the U.S. Department of Energy for the manufacture of lithium-ion batteries which are expected to generate 6,800 immediate jobs and employ 40,000 in the state by 2020.Priddle, Alisa and David Shepardson (August 6, 2009).[http://www.detnews.com/article/20090806/AUTO01/908060429/1148/auto01/Mich.+gets+$1.3B+battery+jolt Mich. gets $1.3B battery jolt]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}. The Detroit News. Retrieved August 6, 2009.

On quality, Cadillac outscored all other luxury automakers in two of three quality surveys by AutoPacific, Strategic Vision, and J.D. Power in 2003.[https://www.usatoday.com/money/2003-06-04-autoquality.htm Auto Quality (June 4, 2003)]. USA Today Ford led all other automakers in the 2007 J.D. Initial Quality survey.[http://autos.msn.com/advice/article.aspx?contentid=4020143 Initial Quality Winners from J.D Power] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026125404/http://autos.msn.com/advice/article.aspx?contentid=4020143 |date=October 26, 2007}}. MSN Autos. Retrieved on June 17, 2009.

The Greater Detroit Foreign Trade Zone (GDFTZ) was created in 1981 through the U.S. Department of Commerce to allow for the reduction of taxes across borders and to attract, retain and facilitate international trade[http://www.gdftz.com/ Welcome to GDFTZ.com!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070504050721/http://www.gdftz.com/ |date=May 4, 2007}}. Greater Detroit Foreign Trade Zone, Inc. Retrieved on September 5, 2007. In 2011, Metro Detroit ranked as the fourth largest export market in the United States.[http://www.detroitnews.com/article/20120913/BIZ/209130473/Metro-Detroit-exports-grow-12-now-fourth-largest-export-market-U-S-?odyssey=tab {{!}}topnews{{!}}text{{!}}FRONTPAGE Metro Detroit exports grow 12%, is now fourth largest export market in U.S.]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}. Detroit News, September 13, 2012. Infrastructure is an important component in the metro area economy. Detroit has an extensive toll-free expressway system which, together with its status as a major port city, provide advantages to its location as a global business center. There are no toll roads in Michigan.[http://www.michigan.gov/mdot/0,1607,7-151-9631_12965_14013-28071--,00.html Why doesn't Michigan have toll roads]. Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved on September 5, 2007. "A system of toll free highways has been viewed as important to commerce, industry, tourism, and general economic development."

Metro Detroit is the country's number-one exporting region and busiest commercial port.[http://www.michigantrade.org/ Why MITA will be a success]. Michigan International Trade Association. Retrieved on September 3, 2007. "Detroit is the most active commercial port of entry in the USA." "Greater Detroit is the number one exporting region among 310 defined metropolitan areas (CMSA) in the U.S." Detroit is at the center of the Great Lakes Megalopolis. The Ambassador Bridge is the busiest commercial border crossing in North America, carrying 27 percent of the total trade between the U.S. and Canada.[http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/freight_analysis/ambass_brdg/ambass_brdge_ovrvw.htm Ambassador Bridge Crossing Summary (May 11, 2005)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051118020441/http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/freight_analysis/ambass_brdg/ambass_brdge_ovrvw.htm |date=November 18, 2005 }}. U.S. Department of Transportation. Retrieved on September 5, 2007. More than fifteen million people and ten million vehicles cross the Ambassador Bridge and the Detroit-Windsor Tunnel annually.[http://www.tradepointdetroit.org/ Trade Point Detroit Windsor]. Retrieved on May 24, 2009. A 2004 Border Transportation Partnership study showed that 150,000 jobs in the Detroit-Windsor region and $13 billion in annual production depend on Detroit's international border crossing.Detroit Regional Chamber (2006) [http://www.detroitchamber.com/detroiter/articles.asp?cid=7&detcid=531 Detroit/Windsor Border Update: Part I-Detroit River International Crossing Study] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060321130504/http://www.detroitchamber.com/detroiter/articles.asp?cid=7&detcid=531 |date=March 21, 2006}}. Retrieved on September 5, 2007.{{cite web|url=http://www.ambassadorbridge.com/IntlCrossing/BridgeFacts.aspx|title=Ambassador Bridge|website=www.ambassadorbridge.com|access-date=May 26, 2010|archive-date=June 15, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615035043/http://www.ambassadorbridge.com/IntlCrossing/BridgeFacts.aspx|url-status=dead}} The Detroit River International Crossing project calls for a second bridge to be built across the Detroit River to facilitate increased trade and ease of travel.

Many people commute across the Detroit-Windsor international border daily. Professions identified in the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement which began in 1988 are permitted TN Visas for legal work in the United States and Canada, creating freedom of labor movement. TN status is recognized in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) which began in 1994. As an example, a large number of nurses in Detroit hospitals also live in Windsor. The {{convert|710|mi|km|adj=on}} Quebec City–Windsor Corridor contains over 18 million people, with 51 percent of the Canadian population and three out of the four largest metropolitan areas in Canada, according to the 2001 Census. Headquartered in Detroit, the international law firm of Miller, Canfield, Paddock & Stone P.L.C., is one of the largest in the United States. Metro area business leaders belong to the Detroit Economic Club, headquartered at 211 West Fort Street. The U.S. dollar is readily accepted as currency in Windsor.

{{Main|Transportation in metropolitan Detroit}}

File:Ambassador_Bridge_and_a_fragment_of_Windsor.jpg, a suspension bridge that connects Detroit with Windsor, Ontario, in Canada. It is the busiest international border crossing in North America in terms of trade volume.]]

Metro Detroit offers a comprehensive system of transit services for the central city and region. The Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) administers the advanced network of freeways in metropolitan Detroit and Michigan. The region offers mass transit with bus services provided jointly by the Detroit Department of Transportation (DDOT) and the Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART) through a cooperative service and fare agreement. Cross border service between the downtown areas of Windsor and Detroit is provided by Transit Windsor via the Tunnel Bus.{{cite web

|url=http://www.citywindsor.ca/000600.asp

|title=Routes and Schedules

|access-date=September 25, 2006 |author=Transit Windsor.

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927205706/http://www.citywindsor.ca/000600.asp

|archive-date=September 27, 2007}} A monorail system, known as the People Mover, operates daily through a 2.9 mile (4.6 km) loop in the downtown area.[http://smart.focalhost.com/travel.html Detroit Area Transit Systems] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050415014331/http://smart.focalhost.com/travel.html |date=April 15, 2005}}. focalhost.com. Retrieved on April 7, 2007. Amtrak provides service to Detroit, operating its {{lnl|Amtrak|Wolverine}} service between Chicago, Illinois, and Pontiac. Greyhound Bus provides nationwide service to Detroit with its station on Howard Street near Michigan Avenue. A proposed SEMCOG Commuter Rail service could link Ann Arbor, Detroit Metropolitan Airport, Ypsilanti, The Henry Ford, Dearborn, and Detroit's New Center Amtrak station.[http://www.semcog.org/AADD.aspx Ann Arbor - Detroit Regional Rail Project] SEMCOG. Retrieved on May 20, 2008.

File:DTW McNamara Terminal from the air.jpg (DTW), one of the largest air traffic hubs in the US]]

As a major U.S. port, Detroit is an important center for transportation and logistics employment including its aviation, rail, truck, and ship docking facilities. Detroit maintains a cruise ship dock and passenger terminal on Hart Plaza adjacent to the Renaissance Center. Commercial vessels dock at Michigan's 38 deep water ports which provide access to the Great Lakes Waterway and the Saint Lawrence Seaway.[http://www.michiganadvantage.org/Reference/Maps/Default.aspx "Michigan Business References"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624004820/http://www.michiganadvantage.org/Reference/Maps/Default.aspx |date=June 24, 2010}}. Michigan Economic Development Corporation. Retrieved on July 11, 2010. Detroit Metropolitan Airport (DTW) is one of America's largest and most recently modernized facilities, with six major runways, Boeing 747 maintenance facilities, and an attached Westin Hotel and Conference Center. Located in nearby Romulus, DTW is metro Detroit's principal airport and is a hub for Delta Air Lines and Spirit Airlines. Bishop International Airport in Flint and Toledo Express Airport in Toledo, Ohio, are other commercial passenger airports. Coleman A. Young International Airport (DET), commonly called Detroit City Airport, is on Detroit's northeast side, and offers charter service.Sapte, Benjamin (2003). [http://www.erau.edu/research/BA590/chapters/ch2.htm Southwest Airlines: Route Network Development since 1971] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060411080441/http://www.erau.edu/research/BA590/chapters/ch2.htm |date=April 11, 2006}}. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. Retrieved on April 2, 2007. Willow Run Airport in Ypsilanti is for commercial aviation. One economic development strategy proposed is an Aerotropolis, a concept utilizing Detroit Metropolitan Airport as a central business district.Greg Lindsay (July/August 2006). [http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/107/aerotropolis.html The rise of the Aerotropolis] Fast Company. Detroit Renaissance, now known as Business Leaders for Michigan, announced an eleven-point strategy to transform the region's economy which includes development of the Aerotropolis.Detroit Renaissance, (May 3, 2007). [http://info.detnews.com/2007/renaissance.pdf Road to Renaissance] {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5rmDiPnx3?url=http://info.detnews.com/2007/renaissance.pdf |date=August 6, 2010}} Press Release.

The U.S. Department of Transportation has awarded $244 million in grants for high-speed rail upgrades between Chicago and Detroit.{{cite web|url=http://www.annarbor.com/business-review/high-speed-rail-grants-include-244-million-for-detroit-to-chicago-amtrak-improvements|title=High-speed rail grants include $244 million for Detroit-to-Chicago Amtrak improvements|website=annarbor.com}} A consortium of investors including the Canadian Pacific Railway has proposed a new larger rail tunnel to accommodate large double stacked freight cars under the Detroit River which could open in 2015.Shea, Bill (June 17, 2010).[http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20100617/FREE/100619884 Windsor Port Authority joins group seeking to build $400 million rail tunnel]. Crain's Detroit. Retrieved on July 7, 2010. With the new tunnel potentially emerging near the Michigan Central Station, a redeveloped station could play a role as a trade inspection facility.{{Cite web|url=https://www.modeldmedia.com/inthenews/mcs030910.aspx|title=New York Times asks: What's to be done with Michigan Central Station?|website=Model D}}

Tourism in metropolitan Detroit is an important economic factor, comprising nine percent of the area's two million jobs.{{cite web|url=http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-Midwest/Detroit-Economy.html|publisher=Advameg, Inc.|title=Detroit: Economy Major Industries and Commercial Activity|access-date=June 12, 2008}} About 15.9 million people visit the area annually spending an estimated $4.8 B.Michigan's Future - (July 10, 2007).[http://www.michiganfuture.com/2007/07/metro-detroit-v.html Metro Detroit visitors, spending at the highest level since 9/11] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209071701/http://www.michiganfuture.com/2007/07/metro-detroit-v.html |date=December 9, 2007}}. Michigan's Future citing CIC Research Inc. study for 2006. Retrieved on November 6, 2007.[http://www.visitdetroit.com/visitorcenter/aboutdetroit/statistics/ Metro Detroit Convention and Visitors Bureau statistics] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061228113712/http://www.visitdetroit.com/visitorcenter/aboutdetroit/statistics/ |date=December 28, 2006}} Retrieved on April 4, 2007. Besides casino gaming, the region's leading attraction is The Henry Ford, America's largest indoor-outdoor museum complex.America's Story, Explore the States: Michigan (2006). [http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/es/mi/ford_1 Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014115229/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/es/mi/ford_1 |date=October 14, 2009}} Library of Congress. Retrieved on May 2, 2007.State of Michigan: MI Kids (2006).[http://www.michigan.gov/mikids/0,1607,7-163-15858_20583---,00.html Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207070058/http://www.michigan.gov/mikids/0,1607,7-163-15858_20583---,00.html |date=December 7, 2010}} Retrieved on May 2, 2007. The Detroit International Riverfront links the Renaissance Center to a series of venues, parks, restaurants, and hotels by a riverfront walkway.

The region hosts large multi-day events with crowds of hundreds of thousands to over three million people for annual events such as the Windsor-Detroit International Freedom Festival, the North American International Auto Show, and the Motown Winter Blast on Campus Martius Park. The city's Midtown and New Center areas anchored by Wayne State University attract millions of visitors each year to its museums and cultural centers; for example, the Detroit Festival of the Arts in Midtown draws about 350,000 people.[http://www.modeldmedia.com/neighborhoods/Midtown.aspx Midtown] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405014021/http://www.modeldmedia.com/neighborhoods/Midtown.aspx |date=April 5, 2008}} Model D Media. Retrieved on March 11, 2007. Mall developers consider the metro area's Somerset Collection to be among the nation's top privately held mall properties with 2004 gross annual sales of about $600 M and sales per square foot at $620 compared to the national average of $341.Groover, Joel (June 1, 2004). [http://retailtrafficmag.com/mag/retail_privacy_please/ Privacy Please] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927000601/http://retailtrafficmag.com/mag/retail_privacy_please/ |date=September 27, 2007}}. Retail Traffic Penton Media. Retrieved on September 3, 2007.

The area has hosted several major sporting events such as Super Bowl XL; in fact, Detroit is the only northern city to have hosted two Super Bowls. Ford Field hosted the 2009 NCAA Final Four; in April 2007 it hosted WrestleMania 23. Major League Baseball's 2005 All-Star Game was held at Comerica Park, as were 2006 World Series games due to the Detroit Tigers success. Metro Detroit is one of thirteen U.S. cities with teams from four major sports.

The area's {{convert|24000|acre|km2|adj=on}} network of Huron-Clinton Metroparks receives about nine million visitors annually.[http://www.metroparks.com/index.php Huron Clinton Metro Parks] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070309192939/http://www.metroparks.com/index.php |date=March 9, 2007}} Retrieved on April 2, 2007. About 5.9 million people live in the Detroit–Windsor region, making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in North America. An estimated 46 million people live within a 300-mile (480 km) radius of Metro Detroit.[http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/distances.html?n=77 Cities located close to Detroit]. Time and Date world clock distances. Retrieved on September 2, 2007.Audi, Tamara (September 26, 2007). What Happens In Detroit. The Wall Street Journal, B6. "But the market at issue, as MGM Mirage sees it, includes a {{convert|300|mi|km|adj=on}} radius of potential overnight clients across the region". Thus, the metro area has many opportunities for growth in tourism with great potential for development and expansion. The region's abundance of natural lakes and coastal landscape present investment potential for beachfront resorts and luxury high rise condominiums. In addition, there is the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge which is the only international wildlife preserve in North America, uniquely located in the heart of a major metropolitan area. The refuge includes islands, coastal wetlands, marshes, shoals, and waterfront lands along {{convert|48|mi|km}} of the Detroit River and Western Lake Erie shoreline.

The city of Detroit functions as an entertainment hub for the entire region, as casino resorts, major sports venues, and theatre district increase development prospects for new retail. Detroit is the largest American city and metropolitan region to offer casino resort hotels.Mink, Randy, and Karen Mink (July 2001). Detroit Turns 300 - Detroit 300 Festival. Travel America, World Publishing Co., Gale Group. The MGM Grand Detroit (2007), Motor City Casino (2008), Caesars Windsor (2007), and Hollywood Casino (2008) comprise the regions four major casino resorts.

Movie studios in metro area help to establish the state as a legitimate contender in the 12-month-a-year film business.USA Today (February 3, 2009).[https://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2009-02-03-michigan-studios_N.htm Film production studios coming to Michigan cities]. Retrieved on March 27, 2009. Motown Motion Picture Studios (2009) with {{convert|535000|sqft|m2}} will produce movies at the Pontiac Centerpoint Business Campus for a film industry expected to employ over 4,000 people in the metro area.Gallaher, John and Kathleen Gray and Chris Christoff - (2/03/09).[http://www.freep.com/article/20090203/NEWS06/902030361 Pontiac film studio to bring jobs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211174219/http://freep.com/article/20090203/NEWS06/902030361 |date=February 11, 2009 }}. Detroit Free Press.

{{See also|List of shopping malls in Michigan}}

File:Detroit December 2019 12 (Woodward Avenue).jpg]]

Metro Detroit has many chain retailers and super regional shopping malls, in both upscale and outlet style venues, which, in addition to the "land" malls of Southland Center in Taylor, Eastland Center in Harper Woods, and Westland Center in Westland (Southfield's Northland Center closed in 2015), are located throughout other suburban municipalities such as Troy, Novi, Auburn Hills, Sterling Heights, and Dearborn.Grossman, Andrew. "[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124510185111216455 Retailers Head for Exits in Detroit]". The Wall Street Journal. June 16, 2009. Retrieved on June 17, 2009. In the 2000s, some older malls closed, while some inner-ring suburban malls have been remodeled. Others have a new role with "big box" establishments. During the same decade, upscale lifestyle centers appeared in Detroit suburbs, most nobably The Mall at Partridge Creek in Clinton Township."[http://www.detnews.com/article/20091231/BIZ/912310315/1001/BIZ Decade in review: Business]". The Detroit News. December 31, 2009. Retrieved on January 8, 2010. Several suburban municipalities, including Birmingham, Royal Oak, Rochester, and Grosse Pointe, contain their own street-side shopping districts.

File:Greektownnew2.jpg]]

Many local merchants and restaurants are located within the Detroit city-limits including Lower Woodward Avenue Historic District, Greektown Historic District, the Renaissance Center, and those in the Eastern Market Historic District; however, the city of Detroit has few big chain retailers. A 2007 Selzer and Co. poll found that nearly two-thirds of suburban residents said they occasionally dine and attend cultural or professional sporting events in downtown Detroit.Bailey, Ruby L.(August 22, 2007). The D is a draw: Most suburbanites are repeat visitors. Detroit Free Press. New Detroit Free Press-Local 4 poll conducted by Selzer and Co., finds, "nearly two-thirds of residents of suburban Wayne, Oakland, and Macomb counties say they at least occasionally dine, attend cultural events or take in professional games in Detroit." The Fairlane Town Center, a super-regional shopping mall in Dearborn, is about 15 minutes from downtown Detroit.

A 2007 Social Compact report showed that city of Detroit residents spend about $1.7 billion annually in the suburbs for retail goods and services.{{cite web |url=http://downtowndetroit.org/ddp/newsroom/Detroit_DrillDown_Media_Release.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=July 10, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726003239/http://downtowndetroit.org/ddp/newsroom/Detroit_DrillDown_Media_Release.pdf |archive-date=July 26, 2011}} As of 2009, "big box" super-centers had yet to open stores within the city limits of Detroit. In August 2009, the Meijer chain of super-centers announced it would open its first store within the city limits at the $90 million Gateway Marketplace.Guest, Gretta (August 15, 2009).[http://www.freep.com/article/20090815/BUSINESS06/908150341/1318/Meijer-will-build-store-in-Detroit Meijer will build store in Detroit]. Detroit Free Press. Retrieved on August 15, 2009. In April 2009, developers announced they had leased 60 percent of the retail space for a planned $90 million open-air mall, the Gateway Marketplace, to be located within the city-limits of Detroit.Trop, Jaclyn (April 1, 2009).[https://archive.today/20130102082953/http://www.detnews.com/article/20090401/BIZ/904010336/1001/$80M+open-air+Detroit+mall+moves+ahead open-air Detroit mall moves ahead]. The Detroit News. Retrieved on July 8, 2009. Gateway Marketplace opened in June 2013. Meijer then opened another store in the Old Redford section of the northwest side in 2015.

As of 2009, the city's major bookstore is Wayne State University Bookstore, leaving an opening for a major book store chain. New car dealerships have migrated to the suburbs. The decline of chain fast-food outlets within Detroit has closely paralleled that of the city itself, including a notable decline of locations of Yum! Brands-owned restaurants within the city limits to the point that Taco Bell is down to two locations on the city's west side, as well as an additional store in Wayne State University, as of 2019.

As of 2009, German-based supermarket chain Aldi, which opened Detroit locations in 2001 and 2005, and the Michigan-based Spartan Stores were the grocery chains operating within the city of Detroit.Foley, Aaron (June 18, 2009).[http://www.mlive.com/news/detroit/index.ssf/2009/06/detroiters_complain_of_lack_of.html Detroiters complain of lack of shopping options]. MLive.com. Retrieved on July 8, 2009.Foley, Aaron (June 28, 2009). [http://www.mlive.com/news/detroit/index.ssf/2009/06/meijers_potential_detroit_loca.htmlConversation: "Meijer's potential Detroit location spurs city-suburb debate"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004054521/http://www.mlive.com/news/detroit/index.ssf/2009/06/meijers_potential_detroit_loca.htmlConversation%3A |date=2012-10-04}} MLive.com. Sunday . Retrieved on July 13, 2009. In 2011, Whole Foods Market announced a new Midtown location in the city of Detroit.{{Cite web |title=Find a Whole Foods Market Store Near You |url=https://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/stores |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120717062857/http://wholefoodsmarket.com/stores/midtown/ |archivedate=July 17, 2012 |website=Whole Foods Market}}Dolan, Matthew (July 27, 2011).[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111904800304576472450182417710 Whole Foods to Open Store in Detroit in 2013]. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 15, 2011. This location opened in June 2013 to much fanfare. Many independent grocery stores serve neighborhoods in Detroit; however, a 2009 University of Michigan report estimated that neighborhoods within the city limits of Detroit have sufficient income to sustain from $210 million to $377 million in additional grocery retail spending which has leaked to nearby suburbs and that the city could support up to {{convert|1000000|sqft|m2|-2|sp=us}} of additional retail grocery space.Guest, Greta (June 30, 2009). [http://www.freep.com/article/20090630/BUSINESS06/906300333/Grassroots+grocery+aims+to+fill+niche+in+city "Grassroots grocery aims to fill a niche in Detroit"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703114426/http://www.freep.com/article/20090630/BUSINESS06/906300333/Grassroots+grocery+aims+to+fill+niche+in+city |date=2009-07-03}} Detroit Free Press. Retrieved on July 12, 2009.Larson, Larissa (October 21, 2009).[http://www.closup.umich.edu/events/seminars/misc/urban-food-retail/ The Role of Urban Food Retail in Detroit's Economic Development and Revitalization] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804004920/http://closup.umich.edu/events/seminars/misc/urban-food-retail/ |date=August 4, 2010}}. University of Michigan, Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy. Retrieved on July 6, 2010. The report noted that retail grocery traffic tends to stimulate growth of other types of retail and that large retail chains have been slow to realize the growth potential for the city.

As of 2011, according to Martin Manna, the Chaldean American Chamber of Commerce's executive director, 75 of the 84 supermarkets in the Detroit city limits are owned by Assyrian Americans.[http://detroit2020.com/2011/08/11/chaldeans-in-metro-detroit/ "Chaldeans In Metro Detroit"]. ([https://archive.today/20130919045718/http://detroit2020.com/2011/08/11/chaldeans-in-metro-detroit/ Archive]) Detroit 20-20. WXYZ-TV (ABC 7), Scripps TV Station Group, The E.W. Scripps Co. August 11, 2011. Retrieved on September 19, 2013. Metro Foodland in the city is an African American owned business; it is the final remaining black-owned supermarket in Detroit, a majority black city. The owner, James Hooks, said that there always have been few black-owned grocery stores in Detroit. Former employees of Hooks had established two other black-owned stores, and both stores closed.DetroitBlogger John. [http://www.metrotimes.com/detroit/the-black-market/Content?oid=2149121 "The black market"]. Metro Times. June 20, 2012. Retrieved on July 25, 2012. "Though many small businesses in the city are struggling right now, hundreds of supporters came out for this one. Because this isn't just any grocery store. It's the last black-owned supermarket in Detroit. Local media stopped by. Jet magazine called. How is it possible, they all wanted to know, that in a city whose population is mostly black, there is just one black-owned supermarket? " and "There never were many black-owned grocery stores in the city, he notes. Until recently there were two others, started by former employees of his, actually, and both went out of business, leaving him with the title." Southwest Detroit has many independent grocery stores.Esparza, Santiago. [http://www.mlive.com/business/detroit/index.ssf/2013/07/independent_grocery_stores_thr.html "Independent grocery stores thriving in Southwest Detroit; 'We have soul,' says one owner"]. ([https://archive.today/20130729073643/http://www.mlive.com/business/detroit/index.ssf/2013/07/independent_grocery_stores_thr.html Archive]) MLive. July 24, 2013. Retrieved on July 29, 2013. In particular Southwest Detroit has several Hispanic supermarkets, or supermercados, that stock meat, specialty produce, and tortillas.Selasky, Susan M. [http://www.freep.com/article/20120503/FEATURES02/205030378/Southwest-Detroit-s-Hispanic-groceries-have-what-you-need-for-Cinco-de-Mayo "Southwest Detroit's Hispanic groceries have what you need for Cinco de Mayo"]. Detroit Free Press. May 3, 2012. Retrieved on November 1, 2012.

{{Main|Media in Detroit}}

As the traditional automotive center, the region is a major source for related journalism and business news. Gale publishing and Crain Communications are headquartered in the metro area. The Detroit television market is the thirteenth-largest in the United States;[http://www.nielsenmedia.com/DMAs.html Nielsen Media Research Local Universe Estimates (September 24, 2005)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060517010320/http://www.nielsenmedia.com/DMAs.html |date=May 17, 2006}} The Nielson Company(April 2, 2007). however, these ratings do not include Canadian cable viewers who watch Detroit television stations; cities served by Detroit channels in Ontario include London, Ottawa, and Thunder Bay; many Western Canadians also watch Detroit channels, such as Saskatoon residents[http://www.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/arts/tv-lineup/shaw.html Shaw's Saskatoon Channel Lineup (April 7, 2007)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404083739/http://www.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/arts/tv-lineup/shaw.html |date=April 4, 2007}} The Saskatoon Free-Net. These channels include WJBK 2 (Fox), WDIV-TV 4 (NBC), WXYZ-TV 7 (ABC), WMYD 20 (MyNetworkTV), WPXD-TV 31 (Ion Television), WKBD-TV 50 (The CW), WTVS 56 (PBS) and WWJ-TV 62 (CBS). Detroit has the twelfth-largest radio market in the United States,[http://www.arbitron.com/radio_stations/mm001050.asp Market Ranks and Schedule]. Arbitron.com. Retrieved on April 2, 2007. though this ranking does not take into account Canadian audiences.

As of 2015 there was one movie theater within the Detroit city limits showing first-run films: Bel Air 10 in northeast Detroit. There are some independent theater options: the Detroit Institute of Arts Detroit Film Theatre, the Cinema Detroit in Midtown, and the Redford Theatre in northwest Detroit. The Renaissance Center previously had the first-run theater Ren Cen 4 but it closed in the summer of 2015.Felton, Ryan. "[http://www.metrotimes.com/Blogs/archives/2015/07/01/ren-cen-4-movie-theater-in-downtown-detroit-closes Ren Cen 4 movie theater in downtown Detroit closes]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150710024057/http://www.metrotimes.com/Blogs/archives/2015/07/01/ren-cen-4-movie-theater-in-downtown-detroit-closes Archive]). Metro Times. July 1, 2015. Retrieved on July 9, 2015.

In 2015, there were 49 movie theaters in the Metro Detroit area outside the city of Detroit totaling 522 screens, many of them also showing first-run films and offering stadium seating options, which range from the five-screen Ford Drive-In in Dearborn to decades-old single-screen theaters in communities such as Farmington and Plymouth to the AMC Theatres Forum 30 megaplex in Sterling Heights. Of these, ten are megaplexes with 20 or more screens. These are found in Sterling Heights, Auburn Hills, Clinton, Dearborn, Southfield, Southgate, Brighton and Ypsilanti. Since then, Cinemark Theaters opened a 12-screen location at Southland Center in Taylor in April 2016, Cinemark also offers the Rave Motion Pictures Ann Arbor 20 in Ypsilanti.

IMAX options in Metro Detroit include dedicated theaters at The Henry Ford and the Michigan Science Center as well as in individual auditoriums at several AMC outlets and the aforementioned Rave 20 in Ypsilanti. AMC, Cinemark and Regal Entertainment Group, operators of the United Artists Commerce Stadium 14 just outside Walled Lake, face competition from Michigan-based chains Emagine Entertainment, MJR Digital Cinemas and Phoenix Theaters.

{{Further|History of Detroit}}

President Franklin Roosevelt referred to America as the "Arsenal of Democracy". Detroit and its automotive industries played a pivotal role in the Allied victory during World War II.{{cite journal |last=Lankton |first=Larry |date=November–December 1991 |url=http://www.michiganhistorymagazine.com/detroit/pdf/autos_to_arms.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030811002727/http://www.michiganhistorymagazine.com/detroit/pdf/autos_to_arms.pdf |title=Autos to Armaments: Detroit Becomes the Arsenal of Democracy |journal=Michigan History |archive-date=August 11, 2003 |access-date=February 10, 2013}} With Europe, Asia, and the Pacific islands under siege by the Axis powers, Henry Ford's genius would be turned to mass production for the war effort. Specifically, the B-24 Liberator bomber, still the most produced allied heavy bomber in history, quickly shifted the balance of power. The aviation industry could produce, if everything went all right, one Consolidated Aircraft B-24 Bomber a day at an aircraft plant. Ford would show the world how to produce one B-24 an hour, and at peak production Ford produced 650 per month at Willow Run by 1944. Ford's Willow Run factory broke ground in the April 1941. At the time, it was the largest assembly plant in the world, with over {{convert|3500000|sqft|m2|-4|sp=us}}. Edsel Ford, Henry Ford's son, under stress, died in the spring of 1943 of stomach cancer, prompting Henry Ford to resume day-to-day control of the Ford Motor Company. Willow Run completed its first B-24 in October 1942, with production increasing substantially by August 1943. Pilots and crew slept on the 1,300 cots waiting to fly the B-24s as they rolled off the assembly line at Ford's Willow Run facility.Nolan, Jenny (January 28, 1997).[https://archive.today/20121204140927/http://info.detnews.com/redesign/history/story/historytemplate.cfm?id=73&category=locations Willow Run and the Arsenal of Democracy] . Michigan History, The Detroit News. Retrieved on August 7, 2010.

{{See also|List of Michigan companies}}

• {{Portal-inline|Michigan}}
• {{Portal-inline|Economics}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{Cite book | author=Bak, Richard | year=2001 | title=Detroit Across Three Centuries | publisher=Thomson Gale | isbn=1-58536-001-5}}
• Bak, Richard (2003). Henry and Edsel: The Creation of the Ford Empire. Wiley {{ISBN|0-471-23487-7}}
• {{Cite book | author=Ballard, Charles L. | year=2006 | title=Michigan's Economic Future: Challenges and Opportunities | publisher= Michigan State University Press| isbn=0-87013-796-4}}
• {{Cite book |author1=Ballard, Charles L. |author2=Paul N. Courant |author3=Douglas C. Drake |name-list-style=amp| year=2003 | title=Michigan at the Millennium | publisher= Michigan State University Press| isbn=0870136682}}
• {{Cite book|author=Cantor, George|title=Detroit: An Insiders Guide to Michigan|year=2005|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0-472-03092-2|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/exploremichigand0000cant}}
• {{Cite book|author=Davis, Michael W. R. |title=Detroit's Wartime Industry: Arsenal of Democracy (Images of America)|year=2007|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-0-7385-5164-7}}
• {{Cite book|author=Fisher, Dale|title=Building Michigan: A Tribute to Michigan's Construction Industry|year=2003|publisher=Grass Lake, MI: Eyry of the Eagle Publishing|isbn=1-891143-24-7}}
• {{Cite book|author=Fisher, Dale|title=Southeast Michigan: Horizons of Growth|year=2005|publisher=Grass Lake, MI: Eyry of the Eagle Publishing|isbn=1-891143-25-5}}
• {{Cite book|author=Fisher, Dale|title=Detroit: Visions of the Eagle|year=1994|publisher=Grass Lake, MI: Eyry of the Eagle Publishing|isbn=0-9615623-3-1}}
• {{Cite book|author1=Gavrilovich, Peter |author2=Bill McGraw |title=The Detroit Almanac|publisher=Detroit Free Press| year=2000|isbn=0-937247-34-0}}
• {{Cite book|author=Hyde, Charles K.|title=Riding the Roller Coaster: History of the Chrysler Corporation|year=2003|publisher=Wayne State University Press|isbn=0-8143-3091-6}}
• {{Cite book|author=Iacocca, Lee|title=Where Have All the Leaders Gone|publisher=Scribner|year=2007|isbn=978-1-4165-3247-7|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/wherehavealllead00iaco}}
• {{Cite book | author=Poremba, David Lee | title=Detroit: A Motor City History | publisher=Arcadia Publishing | year=2003 | isbn=0-7385-2435-2}}
• {{Cite book | author=Poremba, David Lee | title=Detroit in Its World Setting (timeline) | publisher=Wayne State University | year=2001 | isbn=0-8143-2870-9 | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/detroitinitsworl0000unse}}
• {{Cite book |author1=Smith, Michael |author2=Tom Featherstone| title=Labor in Detroit (Images of America) | publisher=Arcadia Publishing| year=2001 | isbn=0-7385-1896-4}}
• {{Cite book | author1=Vlasic, Bill | author2=Bradley A. Stertz | title=Taken for a Ride: How Daimler-Benz Drove off with Chrysler | publisher=William Morrow & Company | year=2000 | isbn=0-688-17305-5 | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/takenforridehowd00vlas}}
• {{Cite book| author=Woodford, Arthur M.|title=This is Detroit 1701–2001|publisher=Wayne State University Press| year=2001|isbn=0-8143-2914-4}}

• [http://www.aerialpics.com/ Aerial pictures]
• [http://www.businessleadersformichigan.com/ Business Leaders for Michigan]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20131215233228/http://cityscapedetroit.org/ Cityscape Detroit]
• [http://www.visitdetroit.com/ Detroit Metro Convention & Visitors Bureau]
• [http://www.econclub.org/ Detroit Economic Club]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070704004827/http://www.degc.org/main.cfm?location=14 Detroit Economic Growth Corporation]
• [http://www.detroitchamber.com Detroit Regional Chamber of Commerce]
• [http://www.detroitriverfront.org/ Detroit Riverfront Conservancy]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20100727204854/http://www.downtowndetroit.org/ddp/home.htm Downtown Detroit Partnership]
• [http://experiencedetroit.com/ Experience Detroit]
• [http://www.guide2detroit.com/ Guide2Detroit]
• [http://www.newcenter.com/ New Center Council]
• [http://www.nextenergy.org/ NextEnergy]

{{Metro Detroit|state=expanded}}

{{Detroit}}

{{Michigan}}

{{Economy of the United States by jurisdiction}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Economy Of Metropolitan Detroit}}

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Metro Detroit