Energy in the Czech Republic

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Electricity produced using:{{cite web |title=Czech Republic 2021 Energy Policy Review |url=https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/301b7295-c0aa-4a3e-be6b-2d79aba3680e/CzechRepublic2021.pdf |date=2021}}

• Coal 43.1%
• Nuclear 33.3%
• Bioenergy and waste 20.5%
• Solar 0.9%
• Hydro 0.8%
• Wind 0.3%
• Thermal 0.3%

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Energy consumed:

• Coal 30.3%
• Oil 21.1%
• Nuclear 19.5%
• Natural gas 18.1%
• Bioenergy and waste 11.9%

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File:ISS013-E-53494.jpg

{{See also|Coal#World coal reserves|List of countries by coal production}}

OKD is a major mining company in the Czech Republic.

Coal usage: 2019 40.9 Mt, 2020 31.5 Mt, 2021 31.4 Mt, 2022 35.1 Mt

The country aims to phase out coal power by 2038 or earlier.{{Cite web|title=Remaining EU Coal Power Polluters|url=https://ember-climate.org/project/a-german-2030-exit-will-isolate-remaining-eu-coal-power-polluters/|access-date=2021-12-20|website=Ember|language=en-GB}}

Oil and gas deposits in the Czech Republic are in Moravia.

Crude oil from Russia comes through the Druzhba pipeline via Ukraine. The Ingolstadt–Kralupy–Litvínov pipeline can bring crude oil from Germany and be connected to the Transalpine Pipeline.

The Country has two refineries, owned by Česká rafinérská. The Litvinov refinery needs to be modified to process non-Russian grade oil.{{cite web |title=Czech Litvinov refinery can handle switch to non-Russian oil |url=https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/czech-litvinov-refinery-can-handle-switch-to-non-russian-oil |date=3 November 2023}}

The Gazela Pipeline allowed gas to be supplied from other countries by connecting through Germany at Brandov or Rozvadov or through Slovakia via Lanžhot.

Gas usage: 2020 8.8 Bcm, 2021 9.4 Bcm, 2022 7.8 Bcm, 2023 7.1 Bcm.{{cite web |title=Czech Republic in 2023 uses least amount of gas in 29 years |url=https://www.azernews.az/region/220046.html |date=7 January 2023}}

In April 2025 it was reported that the Czech Republic has achieved full independence from Russian oil supplies for the first time in its history, ending over 60 years of reliance. This milestone was made possible by the completion of capacity upgrades to the Transalpine (TAL) pipeline, which transports oil from Italy through Germany to the Czech Republic. The enhanced TAL pipeline now delivers 8 million tonnes of oil annually, sufficient to meet the country's entire demand. Prime Minister Petr Fiala announced the development at the central oil depot in Nelahozeves, emphasizing that the Czech Republic is now fully supplied by non-Russian oil through western routes. Previously, the country received about half of its oil imports via the Druzhba pipeline from Russia. The state-owned pipeline operator MERO completed the TAL expansion at the end of 2024, enabling this significant shift in energy sourcing.{{Cite web |date=2025-04-17 |title=Czechia fully independent from Russian oil for the first time in history |url=https://english.radio.cz/czechia-fully-independent-russian-oil-first-time-history-8848731 |access-date=2025-04-20 |website=Radio Prague International |language=en}}

{{Main|Electricity sector in the Czech Republic}}

In 2022 Electricity production was 78.8 terawatt-hours (TWh), whilst consumption was 60.4 TWh.

53.60% was generated from fossil fuels, mostly lignite, 40.95% nuclear and 5.46% renewables.{{cite web |title=Czech Republic - Country Commercial Guide |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/czech-republic-energy |date=8 September 2023}}

{{See also|Climate change|Category:Climate change by country}}

In 2014, the emissions of carbon dioxide were 10.4 tons per capita. The EU average was 7.9 tons per capita. Czech Republic's emissions were comparable to those of Japan or the Netherlands.{{cite web | url = http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=CO2ts_pc1990-2014 | title = CO2 time series 1990-2014 per capita for world countries | publisher = Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency | access-date = 2015-11-30}}

In 2023, the city of Brno is working to modernise its heat generation and distribution infrastructure. Teplárny Brno received a €75 million loan from the European Investment Bank for this modernization. The initiative aims at lowering the country's reliance on oil imports, and consists of a wood chip-fuelled heat and power biomass unit.{{Cite journal |last=Bank |first=European Investment |date=2024-02-27 |title=Energy Overview 2024 |url=https://www.eib.org/en/publications/20240053-energy-overview-2024 |language=EN}}{{Cite web |date=2023-05-18 |title=EIB, Teplarny Brno sign €75 million loan to upgrade heat system in Czech Republic |url=https://www.districtenergy.org/blogs/district-energy/2023/05/18/eib-teplarny-brno-sign-75-million-loan-to-upgrade- |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=www.districtenergy.org |language=en}}

According to Forbes list of billionaires (2011) Czech billionaire Zdenek Bakala ($2 B 2011) has made his wealth in coal business.Forbes list of billionaires (2011) [https://www.forbes.com/wealth/billionaires/list?industry=17&state=&country=-1 Forbes list of billionaires (2011) Energy] Forbes March 10, 2011 Forbes ranked Zdenek Bakala (Net Worth$1.5 B) as richest Czech in energy business (coal) in 2013.[https://www.forbes.com/billionaires/list/#page:1_sort:0_direction:asc_search:_filter:All%20industries_filter:Saudi%20Arabia_filter:All%20states Billionaires Czech Energy 2013]

Bakala is the biggest player on the coal market in Central Europe. He has consolidated Polish mining markets into his company New World Resources.[https://www.forbes.com/profile/zdenek-bakala/ Profile Bakala] Forbes March 2011

Primary energy consumption per million people in 2008 was 50 TWh compared to other countries (TWh): Canada 93 (3103 TWh 33.3), USA 87 (26,560 TWh 304.5), UK 40 (2,424 TWh 61.4), Greece 31 TWh (354 TWh 11.24) and Poland 30 (1138 TWh 38.12).

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