Entryism#Boring from within

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One entryist strategy that took place in the United States is called the "boring from within" strategy. Radical workers would join established (and often conservative) trade unions and attempt to join their leadership to shift their stances leftward. These workers were called "borers". Boring was opposed by radical workers who supported dual unionism, where radical unions would attempt to win over workers and firm-level union locals from the established trade unions.

Starting in the 1890s, a faction of the Socialist Labor Party – which would split to become the Socialist Party of America – began "boring from within" in an attempt to make the American Federation of Labor (AFL) more radical.{{cite news |title=On Boring From Within |first1=Bert |last1=Russell |newspaper=The One Big Union Monthly |publisher=Industrial Workers of the World |date=February 1938 |url=https://libcom.org/article/boring-within-bert-russell |quote=A faction, however, tantalized by their near-success retained faith in changing the A. F. L. and the difference between the factions culminated in the formation of the Socialist Party, 1900, which adopted officially the policy of boring from within the A. F. L.}} In contrast, the Industrial Workers of the World – and another faction of the Socialist Labor Party, close to the Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance, which would remain in the party – supported a dual unionist strategy of competing against the AFL within a workplace.{{cite journal |last1=Devinatz |first1=Victor G |title=The Labor Philosophy of William Z. Foster: From the IWW to the TUEL |journal=International Social Science Review |volume=71 |number=1/2 |year=1996 |pages=3–13 |jstor=41882191 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41882191}}

In opposition, Daniel De Leon of the Socialist Labor Party criticized "boring from within only" and supported "boring from within and without".{{cite news |first1=Daniel |last1=De Leon |title="Boring From Within" |newspaper=Daily People |publisher=Socialist Labor Party |date=March 31, 1905 |url=https://www.slp.org/pdf/de_leon/eds1905/mar31_1905.pdf}} SLP members were encouraged to join the Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance and later the Workers' International Industrial Union.

In 1929, the Communist Party of America abandoned "boring from within" the AFL and embraced dual unionism against the AFL.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}} As a result, its labor organization, the Trade Union Educational League (TUEL) became the Trade Union Unity League (TUUL).

{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2020}}

The "French Turn" refers to the classic form of entryism advocated by Leon Trotsky in his essays on "The French Turn". In June 1934, he proposed for the French Trotskyists to dissolve their Communist League and to join the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) and for the Communist League to dissolve its youth section to join more easily with revolutionary elements. The tactic was adopted in August 1934, despite some opposition, and successfully raised the group's membership to 300 activists.

Proponents of the tactic advocated that the Trotskyists should enter the social democratic parties to connect with revolutionary socialist currents within them and then to steer those currents toward Leninism. However, entryism lasted briefly since the leadership of the SFIO started to expel the Trotskyists. The Trotskyists of the Workers Party of the United States also successfully used their entry into the Socialist Party of America to recruit their youth group and other members. Similar tactics were also used by Trotskyist organisations in other countries, including the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, and Poland. Entryism was used to connect with and recruit leftward-moving political currents inside radical parties.

Since it was used in France, Marxists have used the tactic even if they had different preconceptions of how long the period of entry would last:

• A "split perspective" is sometimes employed in which the smaller party intends to remain in the larger party for a short period of time, with the intention of splitting the organisation and leaving with more members than it began with.
• The entryist tactic can work successfully, in its own terms, over a long period. For example, it was attempted by the Militant tendency in the United Kingdom, whose members worked within the Labour Party from the 1950s onward and managed to get control in the Labour Party Young Socialists and Liverpool City Council before it was expelled in the 1980s. Many other Trotskyist groups have attempted similar feats, but few have gained the influence that the Militant tendency attained.

After the end of World War 2, Michel Pablo – then in the Leadership of the Fourth International – proposed a tactic of long-term entry into the "mass-parties of the working class", primarily because the meagre prospects of building independent parties in the post-war circumstances. This would primarily prevent the tiny propaganda-circles of the Trotskyist movement becoming sectarian circles, isolated from the working class.{{Cite web |title=Michel Pablo: Where Are We Going? (January 1951) |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/pablo/1951/01/where.html |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=www.marxists.org}}

The organizations were understood to retain their political identity and their own press.

The sui generis ("of a special type") variant did contain the difference that, where their own political identity could not be maintained, the group would maintain an independent presence, which would primarily aid the task of entry.{{Cite book |last=Alexander |first=Robert J. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21594038 |title=International Trotskyism, 1929-1985 : a documented analysis of the movement |date=1991 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=0-8223-0975-0 |location=Durham |pages=316–321 |oclc=21594038}}

In Europe, that was the approach used, for example, by The Club and later Socialist Action in the British Labour Party,{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/Jeremy_Corbyn/11893986/Jeremy-Corbyns-top-team-encouraged-street-riots.html|title=Jeremy Corbyn's top team encouraged street riots|last=Gilligan|first=Andrew|author-link=Andrew Gilligan|date=26 September 2015|website=telegraph.co.uk|access-date=2 April 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404121300/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/Jeremy_Corbyn/11893986/Jeremy-Corbyns-top-team-encouraged-street-riots.html|archive-date=4 April 2018}} and by Fourth Internationalists inside the Communist Parties. In France, Trotskyist organizations, most notably the Parti des Travailleurs and its predecessors, have successfully entered trade unions and mainstream left-wing parties.

{{See also|Platform (European politics)}}

Some political parties, such as the Workers' Party in Brazil or the Scottish Socialist Party, allow political tendencies to organise within them openly. In those cases, the term "entryism" is not usually used. Political groups that work within a larger organisation but also maintain a "public face" often reject the term "entryism" but are sometimes still considered to be entryists by the larger organization.

{{See also|2019 Australian Parliament infiltration plot}}

In Australia, the practice was widespread during the 1950s, when the Communist Party of Australia battled against right-wing Industrial Groups for control of Australian trade unions. The 'Groupers' subsequently formed the Democratic Labor Party. Today, the practice in Australia is often known as a type of branch stacking.

In 1985, the Nuclear Disarmament Party was split after accusations that it had been infiltrated by the Socialist Workers Party (SWP), a Trotskyist group.Nic MacLellan, 'The Election and Defection of the NDP', Peace Studies, July 1985, pp 18-19Ken Mansell, 'Making Sense of the NDP Split', Peace Studies, July 1985, pp 19-20Greg Adamson, '[http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/361/18803 The rise and undermining of anti-nuclear political action] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817112817/http://www.greenleft.org.au/1999/361/18803|date=17 August 2009}}', Green Left Weekly issue 361, 19 May 1999.

In recent times, RSPCA Australia has been described as being the victims of the practice.{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2004/s1137257.htm|title=A Blind Eye", ABC Four Corners|website=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=21 June 2004|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810215129/http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2004/s1137257.htm|archive-date=10 August 2011}} The National Farmers' Federation and Animals Australia have each been accused of infiltrating branches of RSPCA Australia in an attempt to promote opposing policies concerning battery hens, intensive pig farming, and the live export of sheep.

Since the 2000s, the religious right has practiced entryism into a number of state branches of the Liberal Party of Australia, notably in New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland and Victoria.{{cite journal|url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/whos-behind-the-safe-school-videos-the-concerned-mums-political-connections-20170811-gxukuu.html|title=Who's behind the Safe School videos? The concerned mums' political connections|journal=The Age|date=12 Aug 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815171054/http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/whos-behind-the-safe-school-videos-the-concerned-mums-political-connections-20170811-gxukuu.html|archive-date=2017-08-15}} During the 2022 Victorian State Election one upper house candidate, Renee Heath, was accused of being a part of an entryist plot begun by the Pentecostal church begun by her father, by Catherine Burnett-Wake, who Heath had defeated for pre-selection. Heath would later have her position in the Liberal party ended by Matthew Guy, although the move came too late for her to be disendorsed from her near certain victory as the first ranked candidate in her upper house zone, and she was eventually allowed to return to the party after the election and Guy's removal as leader.{{cite web | url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/liberal-leader-matthew-guy-ignored-warnings-about-renee-heath-s-religious-views-20221119-p5bzme.html | title=Liberal leader Matthew Guy ignored warnings about Renee Heath's religious views | date=19 November 2022 }}

In 2018, it was revealed that the NSW National party and its youth wing, the Young Nationals had been infiltrated by the far right with more than 30 members being investigated for alleged links. Leader McCormack denounced the infiltration, and several suspected far rightists were expelled from the party and its youth wing.An abridged list of articles discussing Far right infiltration:

• {{cite web|title='These guys are crazy': Barnaby Joyce backs 'Nazi' expulsions after backtrack|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/nov/02/barnaby-joyce-sceptical-of-neo-nazi-infiltration-of-nsw-nationals|work=The Guardian|date=2 November 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104015515/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/nov/02/barnaby-joyce-sceptical-of-neo-nazi-infiltration-of-nsw-nationals|archive-date=4 November 2018|url-status=live}}
• {{cite web|title=Nationals clear man accused of leading alleged neo-Nazi branch stacking|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/31/nationals-clear-man-accused-of-leading-alleged-neo-nazi-branch-stacking|work=The Guardian|date=31 October 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103013659/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/31/nationals-clear-man-accused-of-leading-alleged-neo-nazi-branch-stacking|archive-date=3 November 2018|url-status=live}}
• {{cite web|last1=Hutchins|first1=Gareth|title=Far right extremists 'not welcome' in Nationals, leader says amid investigation|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/29/far-right-extremists-not-welcome-in-nationals-leader-says-amid-investigation|work=The Guardian|date=29 October 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105033032/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/29/far-right-extremists-not-welcome-in-nationals-leader-says-amid-investigation|archive-date=5 November 2018|url-status=live}}
• {{cite web|last1=Michael|first1=McGowen|title=NSW Young Nationals expel and suspend members over far-right links|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/15/nsw-young-nationals-expel-and-suspend-members-over-far-right-links|work=The Guardian|date=15 October 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103011728/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/oct/15/nsw-young-nationals-expel-and-suspend-members-over-far-right-links|archive-date=3 November 2018|url-status=live}}

{{See also|United front (China)}}

During the Northern Expedition in China, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) joined the party of the Nationalist Party of China (Kuomintang) for a time (1923–1927), creating the First United Front, but one of the CCP's ideas behind doing so was the possibility of eventually gaining a majority in the Nationalist Party and shaping its policies.{{Cite book|last=Leung|first=Edwin Pak-wah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drHgAyJuO_IC|title=Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Civil War|date=2002-10-16|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-6609-6|pages=88|language=en}} Eventually, the situation degraded, the Nationalists expelled the Communists from their party, and the Chinese Civil War began. The war was paused for a time (1936–1945) to allow for a Second United Front during the Second Sino-Japanese War. However, the civil war resumed again and remained active until 1950, after the CCP had won.

In 1967 West German student movement leader Rudi Dutschke coined the slogan "long march through the institutions" as a way to bring about fundamental change in West German society. As a conservative, government-supporting kind of entryism, the GDR branch of the Communist Party of Germany/Marxists–Leninists was infiltrated by the Stasi. In some of the cells there were more IMs than real members.[http://www.demokratie-statt-diktatur.de/DSD/DE/Parteiengruendung/Dokumente/parteiengruendung_kpd-ml/parteiengruendung_kpd-ml_tabelle.html?nn=4755762 Sachstandsbericht der MfS-Hauptabteilung XXII über die Situation im Frühjahr/Sommer 1980] demokratie-statt-diktatur.deof the Stasi-Unterlagen-Behörde. Access on 12 April 2014.

The country's four small communist parties, the Communist Party of New Zealand (CPNZ), Socialist Unity Party (SUP), Workers Communist League (WCL), and the Socialist Action League (SAL), have tried to influence the Labour Party, the trade unions, and various popular issues, like the anti-Springbok tour protests, Māori biculturalism, and the anti-nuclear movement. During the ANZUS diplomatic crisis 1984 to 1985, which resulted from New Zealand's nuclear ship ban, the pro-Moscow SUP tried to infiltrate anti-nuclear organisations, as part of a strategy of steering New Zealand's foreign policy away from its traditional ally, the United States.{{cite book|last=Gustafson|first=Barry|editor1-first=Alexander|editor1-last=Trapeznik|editor2-first=Aaron|editor2-last=Fox|title=Lenin's Legacy Down Under|publisher=Otago University Press|year=2004|pages=29–30|chapter=Chapter 2: New Zealand in the Cold War World|isbn=1-877276-90-1}}

New Zealand's Christian Right also attempted to obtain electoral influence. During the 1987 general election, several conservative Christian groups, including the Society for the Protection of Unborn Children (SPUC), Women for Life and the Coalition of Concerned Citizens, tried to infiltrate the National Party by running conservative Christian individuals as candidates. The groups also attacked the Labour government's policies towards peace education, sex education, abortion, Māori biculturalism, and the ANZUS alliance. Several CCC supporters contested the 1987 election as National candidates, including Rob Wheeler (Mount Albert), Andrew Stanley (Onehunga), and Howard Martin (Papatoetoe). However, the efforts met little electoral success, and the Lange government was re-elected for a second term.{{cite book|last1=Jesson|first1=Bruce|author-link1=Bruce Jesson|first2=Allanah|last2=Ryan|first3=Paul|last3=Spoonley|author-link3=Paul Spoonley|title=Revival of the Right: New Zealand Politics in the 1980s|edition=1st|publisher=Heinemann Reed|year=1988|pages=82–84|chapter=Chapter 4: Remoralising Politics|isbn=0-7900-0003-2}}

During the 1990s, another conservative tendency emerged within the National Party by the establishment of the informal Christian Voice in 1998. However, the group had faded by the mid-2000s, when several minor Christian political parties including former National MP Graeme Lee's Christian Democrat Party, Peter Dunne's United Future, and Brian Tamaki's Destiny New Zealand emerged to court the evangelical Christian vote.{{cite book|last=James|first=Colin|editor-first=Raymond|editor-last=Miller|title=New Zealand Government & Politics, Fifth Edition|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|pages=491|chapter=Chapter 7.3: National|isbn=9780195585094}} As a result of the attempts at taking over the party, National quietly centralised its candidate selection procedures.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/national-party/4|title=Party Principles - National Party|last1=James|first1=Colin|date=21 May 2012|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand|access-date=5 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121117072744/http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/national-party/4|archive-date=17 November 2012}}{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/national-party/5|title=Party composition and organisation - National Party |last1=James|first1=Colin|date=21 May 2012|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand|access-date=5 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121117072749/http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/national-party/5|archive-date=17 November 2012}}

Despite the tensions with moral conservatives, National Party leader Don Brash still accepted covert assistance from the Exclusive Brethren during the 2005 general elections. The assistance included organizing a separate electoral canvassing and advertising campaign that attacked the incumbent Labour and Green coalition government. The strategy backfired and contributed to Prime Minister Helen Clark's second re-election.{{cite AV media|people=A. Barry, Nicky Hager|year=2008|title=The Hollow Men|url=http://www.nzonscreen.com/title/the-hollow-men-2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415232410/http://www.nzonscreen.com/title/the-hollow-men-2008|archive-date=2015-04-15|format=4 3/4 inch|publisher=Community Media Trust|location=Wellington|url-status=live}} The controversy arising from the Exclusive Brethren's canvassing on behalf of National, Brash's successor, Prime Minister John Key, explicitly rejected any assistance from the Exclusive Brethren during the 2008 election.Colin James, "National," p.491

After the downfall of the centrist to centre-left Democratic Renewal Party in 1990s it was taken over by far-right elements which transformed the party into the National Renovator Party soon after.

{{see also|Militant in Liverpool}}

A long-lasting entry tactic was used by the Trotskyist group Militant tendency, whose initially small numbers of supporters worked within the mainstream Labour Party from the 1960s. By the early 1980s they still numbered only in the low thousands but had managed to gain a controlling influence of the Labour Party Young Socialists and Liverpool City Council, however shortly thereafter Militant activists began to be expelled after an internal Labour ruling that their organisation breached the party's constitution. A remnant of the group now operates within the Labour Party as Socialist Appeal but the majority then left to form the Socialist Party (England and Wales).

The Guardian columnist George Monbiot claims that a group, influenced by the defunct Marxist Living Marxism magazine, has pursued entryist tactics in British scientific and media organisations since the late 1990s.The Guardian comment, December 9, 2003. "Invasion of the entryists" by George Monbiot. Online at [https://www.theguardian.com/comment/story/0,3604,1102753,00.html] and {{cite web |date=9 December 2003 |title=Invasion of the Entryists |url=http://www.monbiot.com/archives/2003/12/09/invasion-of-the-entryists/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118054527/http://www.monbiot.com/archives/2003/12/09/invasion-of-the-entryists/ |archive-date=2007-11-18 |access-date=2007-10-25}}, retrieved on October 25, 2007.

The 2015 Labour Party leadership election was the target of a campaign by The Daily Telegraph for Conservative sympathisers to join the Labour party (at a fee of £3) in order to vote for the left-wing candidate Jeremy Corbyn, with the view that he would render the party unelectable.{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/11741861/How-you-can-help-Jeremy-Corbyn-win-and-destroy-the-Labour-Party.html|title=How you can help Jeremy Corbyn win - and destroy the Labour Party|first=Telegraph Comment|last=Desk|date=15 July 2015|access-date=4 May 2018|via=www.telegraph.co.uk|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116171526/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/11741861/How-you-can-help-Jeremy-Corbyn-win-and-destroy-the-Labour-Party.html|archive-date=16 November 2017}} That strategy was labelled 'entryism' by observers,{{which|date=June 2020}} though it is unclear that it qualifies under the commonly-understood definition, unlike the broader term 'subversion'.{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/jul/15/daily-telegraph-labour-party-jeremy-corbyn|title=Daily Telegraph urges readers to 'doom' Labour by backing Jeremy Corbyn|first=Jamie|last=Grierson|date=15 July 2015|website=The Guardian|access-date=4 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504144401/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/jul/15/daily-telegraph-labour-party-jeremy-corbyn|archive-date=4 May 2018}} Likewise, the left-wing Momentum group has been accused of entryism and engaging in the Militant-style tactics, with movements made by prominent Labour MPs (current and suspended) to deselect MPs who did not support Corbyn.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/mar/18/secret-tape-reveals-momentum-plot-to-link-with-unite-seize-control-of-labour|title=Secret tape reveals Momentum plot to seize control of Labour|last1=Helm|first1=Toby|date=2017-03-18|work=The Observer|access-date=2019-07-17|last2=Hacillo|first2=Alex|language=en-GB|issn=0029-7712|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705094834/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/mar/18/secret-tape-reveals-momentum-plot-to-link-with-unite-seize-control-of-labour|archive-date=2019-07-05|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-45258341|title=Row over Labour MP's 'democracy roadshow'|date=2018-08-21|access-date=2019-07-17|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717122002/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-45258341|archive-date=2019-07-17|url-status=live}}

In the wake of the Brexit vote in 2016, some supporters of Leave feared that the government would negotiate a deal that would keep far too many ties between with the European Union and so members of the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP), which had struggled politically since Brexit, joined the Conservative Party, along with previously independent Leave supporters. The movement was especially pronounced in the constituencies of Conservative MPs who had supported Remain.{{cite news|last=Jones|first=Owen|title=Tories courted the Ukippers: now they'll be consumed by them|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/aug/30/tories-ukip-britain-entryism|newspaper=The Guardian|date=August 30, 2018|access-date=July 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725202234/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/aug/30/tories-ukip-britain-entryism|archive-date=July 25, 2019|url-status=live}} The group Leave.EU ran campaigns that urged its supporters to join the Conservatives to deselect MPs who did not support a hard Brexit.{{Cite web|url=https://leave.eu/deselect-your-remainer-tory-mp/|title=Deselect your Remainer Conservative MP|date=2019-01-22|website=Leave.EU|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717121629/https://leave.eu/deselect-your-remainer-tory-mp/|archive-date=2019-07-17|url-status=live}} Those who joined the party during that period were credited with helping Boris Johnson win the leadership election (and thus become Prime Minister) after Prime Minister Theresa May's resignation.{{cite news|last=Mueller|first=Benjamin|title=New Members Flood U.K.'s Conservatives, Yanking the Party Right|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/19/world/europe/brexit-conservative-party.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 19, 2019|access-date=July 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725010721/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/19/world/europe/brexit-conservative-party.html|archive-date=July 25, 2019|url-status=live}}

{{see also|Crossover voting}}

Supporters of Fred Newman and the New Alliance Party joined the Reform Party en masse and gained some level of control over the New York State affiliate of the Reform Party.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}{{date missing}} Another United States politician, Lyndon LaRouche, had attempted an entryist strategy in the Democratic Party since 1980, but with little success.{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-06-17-me-11647-story.html |title=Despite the Smell of Death, Tories Will Likely Hang on |website=Los Angeles Times |date=17 June 1986 |access-date=2018-03-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017160554/http://articles.latimes.com/1986-06-17/local/me-11647_1_labor-party |archive-date=2015-10-17 }} {{cite news|title=Despite the Smell of Death, Tories Will Likely Hang On|first=WILLIAM|last=PFAFF|work=Los Angeles Times|location=Los Angeles, Calif.|date=June 17, 1986|page=5}} Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee is noted for its "realignment" strategy efforts within the Democratic Party in the 1970s, while its modern-day successor Democratic Socialists of America is primarily focused on running its members on the Democratic Party platform (e.g. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Rashida Tlaib), or endorsing other democratic socialists at doing so (e.g. Bernie Sanders).{{cite journal |last=Schulman |first=Jason |date=Winter 2016 |url=https://newpol.org/issue_post/bernie-sanders-and-dilemma-democratic-party/ |title=Bernie Sanders and the Dilemma of the Democratic "Party" |journal=New Politics |access-date=22 September 2023 |volume=XV |number=4 |pages=7–12}} Many Libertarian Party or right-libertarian-leaning politicians have run for office as Republicans, and several (such as Ron Paul, his son Rand Paul, Mark Sanford, Justin Amash, Thomas Massie, and Gary Johnson) have been successful, although some of them have subsequently left the Republican Party.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}

Some jurisdictions have passed laws to discourage entryism. In New York State elections, changes in party affiliation by voters already registered are not formally processed until a week after that year's general election to prevent entryism in a primary election since they are open only to voters who are already enrolled in the party holding the primary.{{cite web|title=New York Consolidated Laws, Election Law - ELN § 5-304.3 Enrollment; change of enrollment or new enrollment by previously registered voters|url=https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/election-law/eln-sect-5-304.html|publisher=State of New York|website=findlaw.com|date=December 1, 1985|access-date=August 7, 2019|quote=A change of enrollment received by the board of elections not later than the twenty-fifth day before the general election shall be deposited in a sealed enrollment box, which shall not be opened until the first Tuesday following such general election. Such change of enrollment shall be then removed and entered as provided in this article.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807230742/https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/election-law/eln-sect-5-304.html|archive-date=August 7, 2019|url-status=live}} The state's Wilson Pakula law, passed after American Labor Party candidates were entering and winning Democratic and Republican Party primaries in the late 1940s, also requires candidates who are not members of a particular political party to get formal permission from the relevant jurisdiction's party committees before they run in a primary election.{{cite web|title=New York Consolidated Laws, Election Law - ELN § 6-120. Designation and nomination; restrictions|url=https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/election-law/eln-sect-6-120.html|publisher=State of New York|website=findlaw.com|access-date=August 7, 2019|quote=The members of the party committee representing the political subdivision of the office for which a designation or nomination is to be made, unless the rules of the party provide for another committee, in which case the members of such other committee, and except as hereinafter in this subdivision provided with respect to certain offices in the city of New York, may, by a majority vote of those present at such meeting provided a quorum is present, authorize the designation or nomination of a person as candidate for any office who is not enrolled as a member of such party as provided in this section.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807230809/https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/election-law/eln-sect-6-120.html|archive-date=August 7, 2019|url-status=live}}

• Communist front
• Fifth Column
• Ghost skin
• Long march through the institutions
• Salami tactics
• Socialist Labour Party (Ireland)
• Spoils system
• State capture

• {{cite book |title=Entryism and the Revolutionary Socialist Left in Britain|last=Sigoillot|first=Nicolas|year=2023|publisher=Routledge|isbn=1032547995}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

• [http://www.marxist.net/openturn/historic/index.html "Problems of Entrism"] by Ted Grant with an introduction by Peter Taaffe and various writings by Leon Trotsky as published in a Militant tendency booklet.

Category:Deep politics

Category:Political terminology

Category:Trotskyism