GEO Imaging Satellite
{{Short description|Indian earth observation satellite}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox spacecraft class
| name = Geo Imaging Satellite
| names_list =
| image = GISAT-1_spacecraft_in_the_cleanroom_before_encapsulation.jpg
| caption = GISAT-1 spacecraft in the cleanroom before encapsulation.
| image_size = 300px
| manufacturer =
| applications = Earth observation
| country = India
| reference = Geocentric orbit
| orbits = Geostationary orbit
| operator = ISRO
| lifetime = 7 years (planned)
| status = Planned
| launched = 1
| operational = 0
| failed = 1
| lost = 0
| first = 12 August 2021, 00:13 UTC{{cite news|title=Launch of India's new-age Earth imaging satellite by May 15: K. Sivan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/launch-of-indias-new-age-earth-imaging-satellite-by-may-15-k-sivan/articleshow/82074910.cms|access-date=15 April 2021}}{{cite news |title=ISRO revises launch schedule of GISAT-1 after "minor issue" with satellite|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/isro-revises-launch-schedule-of-gisat-1-after-minor-issue-with-satellite/article34171421.ece|access-date=26 March 2021}}{{cite web|author=Chethan Kumar|date=April 9, 2021|title=Voltage issue further delays launch of Gisat-1 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/voltage-issue-further-delays-launch-of-gisat-1/articleshow/81993758.cms|access-date=2021-04-09|newspaper=The Times of India}}
| last =
| retired =
| mass = 2268 kg {{cite web|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/article-files/right-to-information/annual_report-15-16|title=Annual Report 2015-2016|publisher=Indian Space Research Organisation|page=35|date=December 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160705060034/http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/article-files/right-to-information/annual_report-15-16|archive-date=2016-07-05}}
| Launch vehicle = GSLV F10
| power = 2280 watts
| equipment = Ritchey-Chrétien telescope{{Cite web|url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/gisat-1.htm|title = Gisat 1, 2 (Eos 03, 05)}}
Multispectral array detectors
Steerable antenna
| Rocket = GSLV F10
}}
Geo Imaging Satellite or GISAT is an Indian imaging satellite class for geostationary orbit with a high temporal resolution, meant for providing near real time imaging with fast revisit capability and real time monitoring.https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/flipping_book/annual_report_2019-20_english/files/assets/common/downloads/Annual%20Report%202019-20%20 {{Dead link|date=February 2022}} Two satellites will provide resolution in the range of 42 to 318 m.{{cite web|last=Srivastava|first=Alok|date=3 January 2016|title=User Interface Meet 2016: "New Indian eye in GEO"|url=https://nrsc.gov.in/sites/all/pdf/GISAT-UIM-3Jan2016_V3_Alok_2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830152056/http://nrsc.gov.in:80/sites/all/pdf/GISAT-UIM-3Jan2016_V3_Alok_2.pdf|archive-date=30 August 2016|access-date=7 March 2021|website=nrsc.gov.in}} It will carry multi-spectral (Visible and Near-InfraRed, and Short Wave-InfraRed), multi-resolution (42 to 318 m) imaging instruments.{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/mbErel.aspx?relid=94099|title = Untitled Page}}
The first satellite; EOS-3 (aka GISAT-1) was launched on 12 August 2021 but failed to reach orbit as cryogenic upper stage of GSLV could not ignite. EOS-3 was supposed to fulfil civilian applications.{{Cite news |last=K |first=Chethan |title=Navy to acquire Gisat-2; Dedicated satellite to boost capability in IOR region {{!}} India News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/navy-to-acquire-gisat-2-dedicated-satellite-to-boost-capability-in-ior-region/articleshow/91384738.cms |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=The Times of India |date=7 May 2022 |language=en |quote=The first one (Gisat-1) was for civilian use, but Gisat-2 is for strategic purposes and the navy has very specific requirements which they (Isro) need to meet,}}
The second satellite, EOS-5 (aka GISAT-2) will be acquired by Indian Navy and will differ slightly in capabilities compared to EOS-03 (aka GISAT-1).{{Cite web |date=March 2022 |title=Ministry of Defence, Demands for Grants (2022-23), Army, Navy, Air Force, Joint Staff, Military Engineer Services, Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme And Sainik Schools (Demand No. 20 and 21) |url=http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Defence/17_Defence_27.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319073904/http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Defence/17_Defence_27.pdf |archive-date=19 March 2022}}{{Cite web |title=Space research in India, January 2018 – June 2020 |url=https://cosparhq.cnes.fr/assets/uploads/2021/02/India_2018-20-final_compressed.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304090118/https://cosparhq.cnes.fr/assets/uploads/2021/02/India_2018-20-final_compressed.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2021 |quote=GISAT Series: Geo Imaging Satellite is envisaged to provide high resolution imaging capability from geostationary orbit. It will consist of high-resolution imaging in VNIR (GISAT-1/-2) and LWIR (GISAT-2). There will be two hyperspectral imagers covering VNIR and SWIR regions. GISAT-1 payload was successfully delivered to the project.}}
Payload
File:I-2K based GISAT-1 spacecraft in deployed configuration..png
GISATs will image in multi-spectral and hyper-spectral bands to provide near real-time pictures of large areas of the country, under cloud-free conditions, at frequent intervals which is, selected field image in every 5 minutes and entire Indian landmass image every 30 minutes at 42 m spatial resolution.
Features of GISAT-1 are:
- 700 mm Ritchey–Chrétien telescope based on the design of Cartosat-2A
- Array detectors in Visible and Near-InfraRed (VNIR), and Short Wave-InfraRed (SWIR) bands
- Electronically steerable, phased array antenna
- High agility, jitter-free platform