Gerbera

The genus was named in honour of German botanist and medical doctor {{ill|Traugott Gerber|de}} (1710–1743),{{Cite web|url=https://www.gerbera.org/traugott-gerber/|title=Traugott Gerber|website=Gerbera.org}} who travelled extensively in Russia and was a friend of Carl Linnaeus.Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607

File:Orange Daisy sepals.jpg

Gerbera species are tufted, caulescent, perennial herbs, often with woolly crown, up to 80 cm high. Leaves are all in rosette, elliptical with entire or toothed margin or lobed, petiolate or with a petaloid base, pinnately veined, often leathery and felted beneath. Single to several flowering stems from each rosette bear bracteate or ebracteate, simple, one-headed inflorescence-capitulum. Capitula are radiate, with several rows of bracts. Ray florets are female, 2-lipped, the outer lip is large and strap-shaped, inner lip consists of two small, thread-like lobes of white, pink or red, rarely yellow colour. Disc florets are fertile, five-lobed and irregularly 2-lipped with curled petals.

Formerly included numerous species once considered members of Gerbera are now placed in other genera: Chaptalia, Leibnitzia, Mairia, Perdicium, Trichocline, and Oreoseris.

In accordance with International Plant Names Index genus Gerbera includes 22 accepted species:{{cite web |title=Gerbera L. Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2#children |website=Plants of the World Online |language=en}}

• Gerbera crocea Kuntze — Dialstee
• Gerbera grandis J.C.Manning & Simka
• Gerbera linnaei Cass. — Varingblom
• Gerbera ovata J.C.Manning & Simka{{cite journal |last1=Manning |first1=J.C. |last2=Simka |first2=B. |last3=Boatwright |first3=J.S. |last4=Magee |first4=A.R. |title=A revised taxonomy of Gerbera sect. Gerbera (Asteraceae: Mutisieae) |journal=South African Journal of Botany |date=May 2016 |volume=104 |pages=142–157 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2015.10.002|doi-access=free }}
• Gerbera serrata Druce
• Gerbera tomentosa DC.
• Gerbera wrightii Harv.

• Gerbera ambigua Sch.Bip.
• Gerbera aurantiaca Sch.Bip. — Hilton daisy
• Gerbera galpinii Klatt — Galpin's gerbera
• Gerbera jamesonii Bolus — Barberton daisy, Gerbera daisy, Transvaal daisy
• Gerbera sylvicola Johnson, N.R.Crouch & T.J.Edwards{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Isabel Marion |last2=Crouch |first2=Neil R. |last3=Edwards |first3=Trevor J. |title=Gerbera sylvicola (Asteraceae: Mutisieae), a new forest species from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa |journal=Phytotaxa |date=2 December 2014 |volume=186 |issue=4 |pages=229 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.186.4.7}}
• Gerbera viridifolia (DC.) Sch.Bip. — Pink gerbera

• Gerbera bojeri Sch.Bip. — Bojer's gerbera
• Gerbera diversifolia Humbert
• Gerbera elliptica Humbert
• Gerbera emirnensis Baker
• Gerbera hypochaeridoides Baker
• Gerbera leandrii Humbert
• Gerbera perrieri Humbert
• Gerbera petasitifolia Humbert

• Gerbera parva N.E.Br.

File:Gerbera viridifolia 1DS-II 3-0777.jpg|Gerbera viridifolia

File:Gerbera jamesonii (Asteraceae).jpg|Gerbera jamesonii

File:Gerbera ambigua.jpg|Gerbera ambigua

File:Hilton Daisy.jpg|Gerbera aurantiaca

File:Gerbera wrightii 1DS-II 2-4140.jpg|Gerbera wrightii

File:Gerbera × hybrida 01.JPG|Gerbera × hybrida

File:Orange Gerbera growing in a pot in Calcutta.jpg|Gerbera × hybrida

File:Gerbera daisy orange002.jpg|Gerbera × hybrida

Gerbera is native to tropical regions of Africa. It was introduced into countries of Latin America and Southeast Asia.

Gerbera is very popular and widely used as a decorative garden plant or as cut flowers. The domesticated cultivars are mostly a result of a cross between Gerbera jamesonii and another South African species Gerbera viridifolia.{{cite web |url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantefg/gerberajames.htm |author=Isabel Johnson |title=Gerbera jamesonii Adlam |access-date=22 January 2014}} The cross is known as Gerbera × hybrida. Thousands of cultivars exist. They vary greatly in shape and size. Colours include white, yellow, orange, red, and pink. The centre of the flower is sometimes black. Often the same flower can have petals of several different colours. The flower-heads (capitula) can be as small as 7 cm (Gerbera 'mini Harley') in diameter or up to 12 cm (Gerbera ‘Golden Serena’).

Gerbera is also important commercially. It is the fifth most used cut flower in the world (after rose, carnation, chrysanthemum, and tulip). It is also used as a model organism in studying flower formation.

Gerbera contains naturally occurring coumarin derivatives. It is attractive to bees, butterflies, and birds, but resistant to deer. Small ones are called gerbrinis.{{cite web|url=http://njaes.rutgers.edu/deerresistance/|title=Landscape Plants Rated by Deer Resistance|website=njaes.rutgers.edu}}

{{Reflist}}

• Hansen, Hans V. A taxonomic revision of the genus Gerbera (Compositae, Mutisieae) sections Gerbera, Parva, Piloselloides (in Africa), and Lasiopus (Opera botanica. No. 78; 1985), {{ISBN|87-88702-04-9}}.
• Nesom, G .L. 2004. Response to "The Gerbera complex (Asteraceae, Mutisieae): to split or not to split" by Liliana Katinas. Sida 21:941–942.
• Bremer K. 1994: Asteraceae: cladistics and classification. Timber Press: Portland, Oregon.

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• [http://www.gerbera.org Gerbera.org]—official website of the Gerbera Association—established in Barberton, South Africa
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20061106044415/http://www.kirche-zodel.de/museum.htm Traugott-Gerber-Museum], Germany (German)

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Category:Asteraceae genera

Category:Garden plants

Category:Mutisieae