Gottfriedia

{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}

{{Taxobox

| domain = Bacteria

| regnum= Bacillati

| phylum = Bacillota

| classis = Bacilli

| ordo = Bacillales

| familia = Bacillaceae

| genus = Gottfriedia

| genus_authority =Gupta et al. 2020

| type_species = Gottfriedia luciferensis

| type_species_authority =(Logan et al. 2002) Gupta et al. 2020

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision =

• G. acidiceleris
• G. endophytica
• G. luciferensis
• G. solisilvae

}}

Gottfriedia is a genus of gram-positive or Gram-variable rod-shaped bacteria in the family Bacillaceae within the order Bacillales.{{Cite journal|last1=Gupta|first1=Radhey S.|last2=Patel|first2=Sudip|last3=Saini|first3=Navneet|last4=Chen|first4=Shu|date=2020-11-01|title=Robust demarcation of 17 distinct Bacillus species clades, proposed as novel Bacillaceae genera, by phylogenomics and comparative genomic analyses: description of Robertmurraya kyonggiensis sp. nov. and proposal for an emended genus Bacillus limiting it only to the members of the Subtilis and Cereus clades of species|url=https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.004475|journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology|language=en|volume=70|issue=11|pages=5753–5798|doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.004475|issn=1466-5026|pmid=33112222|doi-access=free}}{{Cite book|date=2005|editor-last=Brenner|editor-first=Don J.|editor2-last=Krieg|editor2-first=Noel R.|editor3-last=Staley|editor3-first=James T.|editor4-last=Garrity|editor4-first=George M.|editor5-last=Boone|editor5-first=David R.|editor6-last=De Vos|editor6-first=Paul|editor7-last=Goodfellow|editor7-first=Michael|editor8-last=Rainey|editor8-first=Fred A.|editor9-last=Schleifer|editor9-first=Karl-Heinz|title=Bergey's Manual® of Systematic Bacteriology|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28022-7|doi=10.1007/0-387-28022-7|isbn=978-0-387-24144-9 }} The type species for this genus is Gottfriedia luciferensis.

Members of Gottfriedia were transferred from the polyphyletic genus Bacillus, whose complicated interspecies taxonomy arose as a result of vague criteria used to assign novel bacteria into the genus.{{Cite journal|last1=Ash|first1=Carol|last2=Farrow|first2=J.A.E.|last3=Wallbanks|first3=Sally|last4=Collins|first4=M.D.|date=2008-06-28|title=Phylogenetic heterogeneity of the genus Bacillus revealed by comparative analysis of small-subunit-ribosomal RNA sequences|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.1991.tb00608.x|journal=Letters in Applied Microbiology|volume=13|issue=4|pages=202–206|doi=10.1111/j.1472-765x.1991.tb00608.x|s2cid=82988953 |issn=0266-8254|url-access=subscription}} The extensive polyphyly of the genus has been recognized as an issue by the scientific community,{{Cite journal|last=Logan|first=N.A.|date=2011-12-20|title=Bacillus and relatives in foodborne illness|journal=Journal of Applied Microbiology|volume=112|issue=3|pages=417–429|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05204.x|issn=1364-5072|pmid=22121830|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=La Duc|first1=Myron T|last2=Satomi|first2=Masataka|last3=Agata|first3=Norio|last4=Venkateswaran|first4=Kasthuri|date=March 2004|title=gyrB as a phylogenetic discriminator for members of the Bacillus anthracis–cereus–thuringiensis group|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2003.11.004|journal=Journal of Microbiological Methods|volume=56|issue=3|pages=383–394|doi=10.1016/j.mimet.2003.11.004|issn=0167-7012|pmid=14967230|url-access=subscription}} resulting in the publication of multiple phylogenetic studies in an effort to clarify the taxonomy of this genus. As a result, Bacillus has been restricted only include species closely related to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus,{{Cite journal|last1=Patel|first1=Sudip|last2=Gupta|first2=Radhey S.|date=2020-01-01|title=A phylogenomic and comparative genomic framework for resolving the polyphyly of the genus Bacillus: Proposal for six new genera of Bacillus species, Peribacillus gen. nov., Cytobacillus gen. nov., Mesobacillus gen. nov., Neobacillus gen. nov., Metabacillus gen. nov. and Alkalihalobacillus gen. nov.|journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology|language=en|volume=70|issue=1|pages=406–438|doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.003775|issn=1466-5026|pmid=31617837|doi-access=free}} and many species were transferred into novel genera such as Virgibacillus, Solibacillus, Brevibacillus and Ectobacillus.{{Cite journal|last1=Heyndrickx|first1=M.|last2=Lebbe|first2=L.|last3=Kersters|first3=K.|last4=Hoste|first4=B.|last5=De Wachter|first5=R.|last6=De Vos|first6=P.|last7=Forsyth|first7=G.|last8=Logan|first8=N. A.|date=1999-07-01|title=Proposal of Virgibacillus proomii sp. nov. and emended description of Virgibacillus pantothenticus (Proom and Knight 1950) Heyndrickx et al. 1998|journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology|volume=49|issue=3|pages=1083–1090|doi=10.1099/00207713-49-3-1083|issn=1466-5026|pmid=10425765|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Shida|first1=O.|last2=Takagi|first2=H.|last3=Kadowaki|first3=K.|last4=Komagata|first4=K.|date=1996-10-01|title=Proposal for Two New Genera, Brevibacillus gen. nov. and Aneurinibacillus gen. nov.|journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology|language=en|volume=46|issue=4|pages=939–946|doi=10.1099/00207713-46-4-939|issn=0020-7713|pmid=8863420|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Mual|first1=Poonam|last2=Singh|first2=Nitin Kumar|last3=Verma|first3=Ashish|last4=Schumann|first4=Peter|last5=Krishnamurthi|first5=Srinivasan|last6=Dastager|first6=Syed|last7=Mayilraj|first7=Shanmugam|date=2016-05-01|title=Reclassification of Bacillus isronensis Shivaji et al. 2009 as Solibacillus isronensis comb. nov. and emended description of genus Solibacillus Krishnamurthi et al. 2009|journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology|language=en|volume=66|issue=5|pages=2113–2120|doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.000982|issn=1466-5026|pmid=26907585|doi-access=free}}

The name Gottfriedia was chosen to celebrate the German scientist and naturalist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (1795–1876), who initially proposed the name Bacillus for rod-shaped and to recognize his contributions to the studies of microscopic organisms.