Gramado

Gramado was originally settled in 1875 by Portuguese immigrants. Five years later, the first German immigrants arrived and these were followed shortly after by Italian immigrants from the Italian settlements in Caxias do Sul.

In 1913, the city seat was moved to Linha Nova, the location of the present-day city center. At this time, Gramado was an unincorporated city within the city of Taquara. A railway, brought by Gramado's founder and first administrator, José Nicoletti Filho, arrived in the city in 1921, boosting the local economy. Gramado officially became a city in 1937, when Gramado was already known as a summer holiday resort. Gramado became a city on 15 December 1954 by force of State Act 2,522.{{cite web|url=http://www.al.rs.gov.br/legiscomp/arquivo.asp?Rotulo=Lei%20nº%202522&idNorma=585&tipo=pdf|title=Lei N° 2.522|publisher=Estado do Rio Grande do Sul – Assembleia Legislativa|date=15 December 1954|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050711/http://www.al.rs.gov.br/legiscomp/arquivo.asp?Rotulo=Lei%20n%C2%BA%202522&idNorma=585&tipo=pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}

Gramado Government is in a strong mayor-council government model, as set forth by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. Elections for both mayoral and legislative offices are held every fourth year. The Mayor may seek reelection once, while Councilmen have no restriction on terms they may serve.

Executive powers are held by the mayor of Gramado, who appoints a Cabinet, the heads of several municipal bodies and members of the Planning Commission. The current mayor is Nestor Tissot{{cite web|url=http://www.gramado.rs.gov.br/index.php/Gabinete-do-Prefeito/O-Prefeito.html|title=O Prefeito|publisher=Prefeitura de Gramado|website=www.gramado.rs.gov.br|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420044739/http://www.gramado.rs.gov.br/index.php/Gabinete-do-Prefeito/O-Prefeito.html|archive-date=20 April 2009|url-status=dead}} (PP) elected in 2008. The current Deputy Mayor is Luia Barbacovi.{{cite web|url=http://www.gramado.rs.gov.br/index.php/Gabinete-do-Prefeito/O-Vice-Prefeito.html|title=O Vice Prefeito|publisher=Prefeitura de Gramado|website=www.gramado.rs.gov.br|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420044739/http://www.gramado.rs.gov.br/index.php/Gabinete-do-Prefeito/O-Prefeito.html|archive-date=20 April 2009|url-status=dead}} In the election of 2016 the opposition candidate won, thereby Fedoca Bertolucci takes the City Hall on 1 January 2017.

Gramado has several green areas. Among the most important are Black Lake, Communications Square, Knorr Park, Orchard Park, Major Nicoletti Square and Roses Square.

Lago Negro (Black Lake) is the most known, visited green area of Gramado. It was created{{cite web|url=http://www.brasilviagem.com/pontur/?CodAtr=3128|title=Gramado|website=www.brasilviagem.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516053154/http://www.brasilviagem.com/pontur/?CodAtr=3128|archive-date=16 May 2006|url-status=dead}} in 1953 by Leopoldo Rosenfeld on an area containing a large concentration of hydrangeas, hence the name the Hydrangeas' Region. It was named Black Lake because Rosenfeld imported the trees surrounding the lake from Germany's Black Forest. This area had been destroyed by fire in 1942.

A creek was dammed up to create{{cite web|url=https://jcnet.uol.com.br/cadernos/detalhe_turismo.php?codigo=54780|title=Pousadas de Gramado|publisher=Jornal da Cidade|date=21 July 2005|last=Barbosa|first=Eliane}}{{dead link|date=March 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} a U-shaped lake. Rosenfeld imported pine seedlings from the Black Forest in Germany to be planted all around the newly formed lake's rim.

Lago Negro is a 1.6 kilometers away from the Town Hall. There is a boathouse, working daily from 08:30 to 19:00, where you can rent swan boats to tour the lake, concession stands, public restrooms, and a small craftsmen fair nearby.

The city is in a mountain range, averaging 850 meters above sea level. Visitors from the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes may notice several tree species (including Red Maple, American Sweetgum and American Tuliptree) common to their home territory in cultivation here, flourishing among the native Parana Pine. Hydrangeas blossom in late spring.

Gramado has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb, according to the Köppen climate classification). The summers are not usually hot, with temperatures around {{convert|22|C}}. There are some hotter days, but with always pleasant evenings, moderated by mountain air and forests. Winters are cool, with temperatures sometimes falling below {{convert|0|C}}, heavy frosts and occasional snowfall.

{{Weather box|width=auto

|location=Gramado

|metric first=Yes

|single line=Yes

|rain colour = green

|Jan high C = 25.6

|Feb high C = 24.8

|Mar high C = 22.9

|Apr high C = 19.9

|May high C = 17.6

|Jun high C = 16.7

|Jul high C = 16.9

|Aug high C = 18.1

|Sep high C = 19.3

|Oct high C = 21.4

|Nov high C = 23.4

|Dec high C = 23.2

| Jan mean C =20.7

| Feb mean C =20.1

| Mar mean C =18.2

| Apr mean C =15.4

| May mean C =13.1

| Jun mean C =12.2

| Jul mean C =12.2

| Aug mean C =13.2

| Sep mean C =14.4

| Oct mean C =16.4

| Nov mean C =18.2

| Dec mean C =18.1

|Jan low C = 15.8

|Feb low C = 15.4

|Mar low C = 13.6

|Apr low C = 10.9

|May low C = 8.7

|Jun low C = 7.7

|Jul low C = 7.5

|Aug low C = 8.4

|Sep low C = 9.6

|Oct low C = 11.4

|Nov low C = 13.0

|Dec low C = 13.1

|Jan rain mm = 168

|Feb rain mm = 168

|Mar rain mm = 184

|Apr rain mm = 152

|May rain mm = 143

|Jun rain mm = 175

|Jul rain mm = 163

|Aug rain mm = 170

|Sep rain mm = 197

|Oct rain mm = 177

|Nov rain mm = 136

|Dec rain mm = 163

|source 1=[http://pt.climate-data.org/location/43839/ Climate Data]}}

{{Portal|Brazil}}

• Festival de Gramado, a major South American film festival and Gramado's most important event;
• Natal Luz, Christmas festival, the largest in Brazil.
• Festa da Colônia, event that celebrates the immigration history of the region.

Gramado is served by Canela Airport, located in the municipality of Canela, 8 km away.

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Brazil}}

Gramado is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Irmandades de Gramado|url=https://gramado.rs.leg.br/pagina/id/1014/?irmandades-de-gramado.html|website=gramado.rs.leg.br|publisher=Gramado|language=pt|access-date=18 November 2020}}

• {{flagicon|POR}} Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
• {{flagicon|ITA}} Levico Terme, Italy
• {{flagicon|URY}} Maldonado, Uruguay
• {{flagicon|POR}} Óbidos, Portugal
• {{flagicon|ARG}} Bariloche, Argentina
• {{flagicon|CHL}} Puerto Varas, Chile

• List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul
• Snow in Brazil

File:Pórticodeentrada.jpg|City entrance portico

File:Igreja Matriz São Pedro.jpg|Igreja Matriz São Pedro, or "Stone Church", the most famous in the city

File:Natal Luz - Gramado - Show de acendimento - panoramio (10).jpg|Natal Luz (Christmas of Lights)

File:Mini Mundo - Gramado - panoramio.jpg|"Mini-Mundo" (Mini-World)

File:Chocofest 2014.jpg|Choco-fest

File:Rota Romantica - Gramado - panoramio (2).jpg|Hydrangeas adorn the roads around the city

File:Lagonegro3.jpg|Hydrangeas along the Lago Negro (Back Lake)

File:Gramado RS 2022.jpg|Italian cuisine, in addition to that from other countries, all of a high standard, is one of the city's attractions

File:PapaiNoelGramado.jpg|German architecture is a requirement for building properties in the city

File:Caracol Chocolates.jpg|Dozens of artisanal chocolate shops spread across the city are a striking feature

File:Alemanha Encantada - Gramado - panoramio (2).jpg|Theme park reminiscent of Germany and Oktoberfest

{{Reflist}}

{{Municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul}}

{{Rota Romântica}}

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{{Coord|29|24|S|50|52|W|type:city_region:BR|display=title}}

Category:Municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul

Category:Populated places established in 1875

Category:1875 establishments in Brazil

Category:German-Brazilian culture

Category:Italian-Brazilian culture