Hans Cloos
{{Short description|German geologist}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Hans Cloos
| image =
| image_size = 150px
| caption = Hans Cloos
| birth_date = 8 November 1885
| birth_place = Magdeburg, German Empire
| death_date = {{d-da|26 September 1951|8 November 1885}}
| death_place = Bonn, West Germany
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality = German
| ethnicity =
| field = geology
| work_institutions = University of Breslau
| alma_mater =
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students = İhsan Ketin
Henno Martin
| known_for =
| author_abbrev_bot =
| author_abbrev_zoo =
| influences =
| influenced =
| prizes = Penrose Medal (1948)
| religion =
| footnotes =
| signature =
}}
Hans Cloos (8 November 1885 – 26 September 1951) was a prominent German structural geologist.
Born in Magdeburg, Germany, Hans Cloos earned his doctorate at Freiburg in 1910, then worked in Indonesia and Namibia up until the start of First World War. During the war his geological skills were put to use along the western front.
Following the war, he began a study of plutons and their interior structure. In 1919 he became professor of geology at the University of Breslau. His younger brother, Ernst Cloos, who was born in 1898, would come to study geology at Breslau under his brother and later became a prominent geologist and professor at Johns Hopkins University.
In 1926 Cloos left Breslau to become professor of geology at the University of Bonn. He made additional geological trips to explore the Scandinavian region, England, and North America.
Professor Hans Cloos made pioneering studies of rock deformation, including granite tectonics. He employed scaled analogue models to study the physical mechanics of faulting, and examined how continents developed their structure. He was also noted for his artistic abilities, including music and draftsmanship.
Cloos died in Bonn, West Germany in 1951.
The ''Hans Cloos'' medal
It is a senior award, which is presented by the International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAEG) since 1977 to an engineering geologist of outstanding merit.{{Cite web|url=https://australiangeomechanics.org/awards/hans-cloos-medal-iaeg/|title=Hans Cloos Medal (IAEG) – Australian Geomechanics Society|website=australiangeomechanics.org|language=en|access-date=2018-06-05}}{{Cite journal|last=Záruba|first=Qu.|date=1978|title=Symposium landslides and other mass movements Glissements et autres Mouvements de Terrain Praha, Czechoslovakia 15–16 September 1977|journal=Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology|language=en|volume=17|issue=1|pages=1–4|doi=10.1007/bf02634669|bibcode=1978BIAEG..17....1Z |s2cid=129723467 |issn=1435-9529}} It is normally awarded every two years during an international congress of the IAEG.
According to the prize description, "the recipient should be a person of international repute who has made a major contribution to engineering geology in his/her written papers or to the development of engineering geology and/or the IAEG in their own area".{{Cite web|url=http://iaeg.info/info/awards-and-prizes/hans-cloos-medal/|title=Hans-Cloos Medal - IAEG|website=iaeg.info|language=en|access-date=2018-06-05}}
Since 2002, upon receipt of the prize, the winner also delivers a lecture, named the Hans Cloos lecture.{{Cite journal|last=Knill|first=John|title=Core values: the first Hans-Cloos lecture|journal=Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment|year=2003|language=en|volume=62|issue=1|pages=1–34|doi=10.1007/s10064-002-0187-9|bibcode=2003BuEGE..62....1K |s2cid=15106773 |issn=1435-9529}} Then, the winner is invited to submit a scientific paper based on the lecture for possible publication on the Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment.
The winners of the Hans Cloos medal are listed below:
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
|+ !Year !Winner !Country |
| 1977
|{{flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} Czechoslovakia |
| 1978
|Léon Calembert |{{flagicon|Belgium}} Belgium |
| 1980
|Marcel Arnould |{{flagicon|France}} France |
| 1982
|Richard Wolters |{{flagicon|West Germany}} West Germany |
| 1984
|{{flagicon|Austria}} Austria |
| 1986
|Evgenii M. Sergeev |{{flagicon|USSR}} USSR |
| 1989
|David J. Varnes |{{flagicon|USA}} USA |
| 1990
|William R. Dearman |{{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom |
| 1992
|Michael Langer |{{flagicon|Germany}} Germany |
| 1994
|William R. Judd |{{flagicon|USA}} USA |
| 1996
|Ricardo Oliveira |{{flagicon|Portugal}} Portugal |
| 1998
|Owen L. White |{{flagicon|Canada}} Canada |
| 2000
|Paul G. Marinos |{{flagicon|Greece}} Greece |
| 2002
|John Knill{{Cite journal|last1=Baynes|first1=Fred|last2=Rosenbaum|first2=Mike|date=2004-03-01|title=Discussion arising from the 1st Hans Cloos Lecture, by John Knill|journal=Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment|language=en|volume=63|issue=1|pages=89–90|doi=10.1007/s10064-003-0217-2|bibcode=2004BuEGE..63...89B |s2cid=130568412 |issn=1435-9529}} |{{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom |
| 2004
|{{flagicon|Italy}} Italy |
| 2006
|{{flagicon|USA}} USA |
| 2008
|{{flagicon|China}} China |
| 2010
|{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} United Kingdom |
| 2012
|{{flagicon|Russia}} Russia |
| 2014
|{{flagicon|France}} France |
| 2016
|{{flagicon|Turkey}} Turkey |
| 2018
|Runqiu Huang{{Cite web|url=http://en.sklgp.com/en/news/newsRelease/1488.html|title=Prof. Huang Runqiu won the academic lifetime achievement award HANS CLOOS MEDAL by IAEG and also delivered a keynote lecture_News Release_News_State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection|website=en.sklgp.com|access-date=2018-10-24}}{{Cite web|url=http://iaeg.info/news/highlights/photos-from-the-iaeg-congress-in-san-francisco/|title=Photos from the IAEG Congress in San Francisco - IAEG|website=iaeg.info|language=en|access-date=2018-10-24}} |{{flagicon|China}} China |
Honors
{{unreferenced section|date=May 2018}}
- The wrinkle ridge Dorsum Cloos on the Moon is named after him.
- In 2006, Cloos was featured in the book Bedrock: Writers on the Wonders of Geology edited by Lauret E. Savoy, Eldridge M. Moores, and Judith E. Moores (Trinity University Press) which looks at how writing pays a tribute to the Earth's geological features.
Bibliography
- Der Mechanismus tiefvulkanischer Vorgänge, 1921.
- Memoirs: Gespräch mit der Erde, 1947; translated into English as Conversations with the Earth by E.B. Garside, 1953.
References
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cloos, Hans}}
Category:20th-century German geologists
Category:Academic staff of the University of Bonn
Category:Penrose Medal winners
Category:Structural geologists
Category:Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin
Category:Scientists from Saxony-Anhalt
Category:Scientists from Magdeburg
Category:Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities