Helsingborg

Helsingborg is one of the oldest cities of what is now Sweden. It has been the site of permanent settlement officially since 21 May 1085.{{cite web |url=http://www.helsingborg.se/templates/StandardPage.aspx?id=549&epslanguage=EN |title=Helsingborgs stad – History of Helsingborg |publisher=Helsingborg.se |date=21 May 2007 |access-date=30 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808165355/http://helsingborg.se/templates/StandardPage.aspx?id=549 |archive-date=8 August 2007 }} Helsingborg's geographical position at the narrowest part of Øresund made it very important for Denmark, at that time controlling both sides of that strait. From 1429 Eric of Pomerania introduced the Sound Dues, a levy on all trading vessels passing through the sound between Helsingør and Helsingborg.Faringdon, Hugh. (1989) Strategic Geography Routledge. {{ISBN|0-415-00980-4}} This was one of the main sources of income for the Danish Crown. Crossing traffic, like fishermen, were not subject to the tax, which was initially directed against the Hanseatic League.{{cn|date=November 2023}}File:Ser Reg Sueciae Aduentus Helsingburgi (cropped).jpgFollowing the Dano-Swedish War (1657–1658) and the Treaty of Roskilde Denmark had to give up all territory on the southern Scandinavian Peninsula, and Helsingborg became part of Sweden. King Charles X Gustav of Sweden landed here on 5 March 1658 to take personal possession of the Scanian lands and was met by a delegation led by the bishop of the Diocese of Lund, Peder Winstrup. At that time the town had a population of barely 1,000 people.{{cite web |url=http://www2.historia.su.se/urbanhistory/cybcity/stad/helsingborg/befolkning.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041115172801/http://www.historia.su.se/urbanhistory/cybcity/stad/helsingborg/befolkning.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 November 2004 |title=CyberCity / Helsingborg / Befolkning |publisher=.historia.su.se |date=14 January 2008 |access-date=30 July 2010 }}

Its situation on a conflict-ridden border caused problems for Helsingborg. Denmark recaptured Scania twice, but could not hold it. The last Danish attempt to regain Scania was in 1710, when 14,000 men landed on the shores near Helsingborg. The Battle of Helsingborg was fought on 10 March just outside the city, which was badly affected. It took a long time to recover; even in 1770 the city had only 1,321 inhabitants and was still growing slowly.

On 20 October 1811, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France and crown prince-elect of Sweden (later King Charles XIV John) took his first step on Swedish soil in Helsingborg on his journey from Paris to Stockholm.{{cite web |url=http://www.helsingborg.se/templates/StandardPage.aspx?id=80759&epslanguage=SV |title=Helsingborgs stad – Bernadotte jubileum 2010 |publisher=Helsingborg.se |date=12 April 2010 |access-date=30 July 2010 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

From the middle of the 19th century onwards, Helsingborg was one of the fastest-growing cities of Sweden, increasing its population from 4,000 in 1850 to 20,000 in 1890 and 56,000 in 1930 due to industrialization.{{cn|date=November 2023}} From 1892, a train ferry was put in service, connecting Helsingborg with its Danish sister city Helsingør. A tramway network was inaugurated in 1903 and closed down in 1967.{{cn|date=November 2023}}

Following the Swedish orthography reform of 1906, the spelling of many place names in Sweden was modernized. In 1912, it was decided to use the form Hälsingborg. In preparation for the local government reform in 1971, Hälsingborg city council proposed that the new, enlarged municipality should be spelled Helsingborg; this form was adopted by the government of Sweden from 1 January 1971.

In World War II, Helsingborg was among the most important drop-off points for the rescue of Denmark's Jewish population during the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler had ordered that all Danish Jews were to be arrested and deported to the concentration camps on Rosh HaShanah, the Jewish New Year which fell on 2 October 1943. When Georg Ferdinand Duckwitz, a German maritime attaché received word of the order on 28 September 1943, he shared it with political and Jewish community leaders. Using the name Elsinore Sewing Club (Danish: Helsingør Syklub) as a cover for messages, the Danish population formed an Underground Railroad of sorts, moving Jews away from the closely watched Copenhagen docks to spots farther away, especially Helsingør, just two miles across the Øresund from Helsingborg. Hundreds of civilians hid their fellow Danish citizens—Jews—in their houses, farm lofts and churches until they could board them onto Danish fishing boats, personal pleasure boats and ferry boats. In the span of three nights, Danes had smuggled over 7200 Jews and 680 non-Jews (gentile family members of Jews or political activists) across the Øresund, to safety in Sweden, with one of the main destinations at Helsingborg.{{cite web|url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/rescue-of-the-danish-jews-evacuation-effects.html|title=Rescue of the Danish Jews: Evacuation & Effects|access-date=24 November 2018|first1=Katie|last1=Streit|website=study.com|url-access=subscription|archive-date=24 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124003651/https://study.com/academy/lesson/rescue-of-the-danish-jews-evacuation-effects.html|url-status=live}}

Helsingborg has an oceanic climate (Cfb) typical of southern Sweden, although its winters are very mild for a location at such a high latitude. Although the temperature differences between seasons are significant, Helsingborg often lacks a meteorological winter with both January and February averaging just above the freezing point in terms of mean temperatures. Summers are warm and comparatively long by Swedish standards, with summer arriving earlier and fall later than virtually all areas of Sweden, aside from other parts of Skåne. Helsingborg & nearby surroundings also have a history with being hit by tornadoes.{{Cite web |url=https://www.eswd.eu/ |title=European Severe Weather Database |access-date=3 October 2023 |archive-date=18 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218011836/https://eswd.eu/ |url-status=live }} On 8 August 1947, a High-end F1/T3 Tornado hit the Ramlösa district of Helsingborg, causing moderate damage to a farm. Greenhouses were damaged or destroyed, a stall sustained deroofing, a shed was blown away and a tree was snapped.{{cite web | url=https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=17171317102 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003171813/https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=17171317102 | archive-date=3 October 2023 | title=European Severe Weather Database }} On 16 August 2007, downtown Helsingborg was impacted by an F1 Tornado, damaging a school and snapping trees.{{cite web | url=https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=1724112073 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003172454/https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=1724112073 | archive-date=3 October 2023 | title=European Severe Weather Database }}{{Cite web |url=https://www.hd.se/2007-08-16/tromb-mitt-i-stan-slet-ner-tak |title=Tromb mitt i stan slet ner tak |date=16 August 2007 |access-date=3 October 2023 |archive-date=3 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003193328/https://www.hd.se/2007-08-16/tromb-mitt-i-stan-slet-ner-tak |url-status=live }} On 22 June 2014, a Waterspout was observed outside Helsingborg.{{cite web | url=https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=17301593717 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003173045/https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=17301593717 | archive-date=3 October 2023 | title=European Severe Weather Database }}{{cite web | url=http://hd.se/skane/2014/06/22/tromb-over-viken/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826010506/http://hd.se/skane/2014/06/22/tromb-over-viken/ | archive-date=26 August 2014 | title=Tromb över Sundet - hd.se }} On 27 August 2018, the Eskilsminne district of Helsingborg was hit by an F0 Tornado. Some roofs sustained minor damage.{{cite web | url=https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=17372646558 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003173819/https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=17372646558 | archive-date=3 October 2023 | title=European Severe Weather Database }}{{Cite web |url=https://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/vindfenomen/tromber-och-fallvindar/tromber-och-fallvindar-i-sverige-2015-1.88698 |title=Tromber och fallvindar i Sverige 2015-2019 | SMHI |access-date=3 October 2023 |archive-date=28 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528223000/https://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/vindfenomen/tromber-och-fallvindar/tromber-och-fallvindar-i-sverige-2015-1.88698 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=https://www.hd.se/2018-08-27/misstankt-tromb-lyfte-studsmattor-pa-eskilsminne |title=Misstänkt tromb lyfte studsmattor på Eskilsminne |date=27 August 2018 |access-date=3 October 2023 |archive-date=15 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215224754/https://www.hd.se/2018-08-27/misstankt-tromb-lyfte-studsmattor-pa-eskilsminne |url-status=live }}

{{Weather box

|location = Helsingborg (2002–2022 averages), extremes since 1948

|metric first = Yes

|single line = Yes

|Jan record high C = 11.0

|Feb record high C = 15.3

|Mar record high C = 18.0

|Apr record high C = 26.0

|May record high C = 28.1

|Jun record high C = 30.9

|Jul record high C = 33.2

|Aug record high C = 32.4

|Sep record high C = 31.1

|Oct record high C = 22.5

|Nov record high C = 16.6

|Dec record high C = 12.0

|year record high C = 33.2

|Jan avg record high C = 8.0

|Feb avg record high C = 8.6

|Mar avg record high C = 14.0

|Apr avg record high C = 19.3

|May avg record high C = 24.7

|Jun avg record high C = 27.5

|Jul avg record high C = 29.4

|Aug avg record high C = 28.4

|Sep avg record high C = 23.7

|Oct avg record high C = 17.5

|Nov avg record high C = 12.5

|Dec avg record high C = 9.0

|year avg record high C = 30.1

|Jan high C = 3.0

|Feb high C = 3.3

|Mar high C = 6.9

|Apr high C = 12.5

|May high C = 17.1

|Jun high C = 20.7

|Jul high C = 22.8

|Aug high C = 22.3

|Sep high C = 18.3

|Oct high C = 12.6

|Nov high C = 7.9

|Dec high C = 4.4

|year high C =

|Jan mean C = 0.8

|Feb mean C = 0.5

|Mar mean C = 3.4

|Apr mean C = 7.9

|May mean C = 13.3

|Jun mean C = 16.0

|Jul mean C = 18.1

|Aug mean C = 17.7

|Sep mean C = 14.4

|Oct mean C = 9.6

|Nov mean C = 5.8

|Dec mean C = 2.4

|year mean C =

|Jan low C = -1.4

|Feb low C = -1.3

|Mar low C = -0.1

|Apr low C = 3.2

|May low C = 7.5

|Jun low C = 11.2

|Jul low C = 13.4

|Aug low C = 13.4

|Sep low C = 10.5

|Oct low C = 6.5

|Nov low C = 3.6

|Dec low C = 0.4

|year low C =

|Jan avg record low C = -10.3

|Feb avg record low C = -8.9

|Mar avg record low C = -6.9

|Apr avg record low C = -2.8

|May avg record low C = 1.1

|Jun avg record low C = 6.1

|Jul avg record low C = 9.0

|Aug avg record low C = 8.1

|Sep avg record low C = 4.2

|Oct avg record low C = -1.2

|Nov avg record low C = -4.6

|Dec avg record low C = -7.6

|year avg record low C = -12.8

|Jan record low C = -21.7

|Feb record low C = -20.5

|Mar record low C = -18.8

|Apr record low C = -8.7

|May record low C = -1.5

|Jun record low C = 3.0

|Jul record low C = 4.4

|Aug record low C = 5.4

|Sep record low C = -0.1

|Oct record low C = -7.3

|Nov record low C = -10.3

|Dec record low C = -22.0

|year record low C = -22.0

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 52.1

|Feb precipitation mm = 43.8

|Mar precipitation mm = 37.0

|Apr precipitation mm = 27.5

|May precipitation mm = 49.5

|Jun precipitation mm = 67.2

|Jul precipitation mm = 72.0

|Aug precipitation mm = 87.0

|Sep precipitation mm = 51.2

|Oct precipitation mm = 69.8

|Nov precipitation mm = 55.3

|Dec precipitation mm = 60.5

|year precipitation mm =

|source 1 = SMHI Open Data{{cite web | url = https://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer/#param=airtemperatureInstant,stations=all | work = Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute | language = sv | title = Ladda ner meteorologiska observationer | access-date = 10 February 2023 | archive-date = 11 April 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190411092753/https://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer#param=airtemperatureInstant,stations=all | url-status = dead }}

|source 2 = SMHI Monthly Data 2002–2022{{cite web |url=http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/temperatur/2.1240 |work=Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute |date=10 February 2023 |title=Års- och månadsstatistik |language=sv |access-date=27 February 2016 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225065632/http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/temperatur/2.1240%20 |url-status=dead }}

|date=February 2023}}

113,816 live in the city of Helsingborg as of 2020, up from 104,250 inhabitants in 2015. 149,280 live in the municipality, with the city being by far the most populated one. Helsingborg is the second-largest city in Scania (after Malmö) and ninth-largest in Sweden.

The City of Helsingborg is subdivided into 31 districts.

Helsingborg is a major regional centre of trade, transport and business. In 2001 Campus Helsingborg, a branch of University of Lund, opened in the former Tretorn rubber factory buildings, founded by Henry Dunker.

Three ferry companies take people and cargo to and from Denmark around the clock. The route is popular with day-trippers going to Helsingør or Copenhagen, or simply enjoying the views from the ferries.{{cn|date=April 2023}}

IKEA, the retailer of furniture and home interiors, has its international corporate headquarters in Helsingborg.

Nicorette, the nicotine chewing gum, has a manufacturing plant there.{{cn|date=April 2023}} Ramlösa is a mineral water from Ramlösa Brunn, a southern suburb of the city. Mobile phone developer Spectronic is also situated in Helsingborg. The online custom clothing retailer Tailor Store Sweden AB has its offices in Helsingborg. Zoégas, a major coffee company, has been located here since the 1800s.{{cite web |url=http://www.zoegas.se/om-zoegas/ |title=Zoégas – Om Zoégas |publisher=zoegas.se |date=12 May 2015 |access-date=12 May 2015 |archive-date=18 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072739/http://www.zoegas.se/om-zoegas/ |url-status=live }}

The beverage espresso and tonic first appeared on a menu in the city, at the coffeehouse Koppi Roasters in 2007.{{Cite web |title=Deep Dive: What Is an Espresso Tonic? {{!}} Trade Coffee |url=https://www.drinktrade.com/blog/education/what-is-espresso-tonic |access-date=19 November 2023 |website=www.drinktrade.com |language=en |archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601000947/https://www.drinktrade.com/blog/education/what-is-espresso-tonic |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |date=19 November 2023 |title=Coffee Drinks Stake a Claim at the Bar - The New York Times |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/dining/coffee-drinks-stake-a-claim-at-the-bar.html |access-date=19 November 2023 |archive-date=19 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231119014859/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/dining/coffee-drinks-stake-a-claim-at-the-bar.html |url-status=bot: unknown |last1=Strand |first1=Oliver }}

The following sports clubs are located in Helsingborg:

{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|

• Stattena IF
• Helsingborgs IF
• FC Helsingborg
• Helsingborgs HC
• Hittarps IK
• Högaborgs BK
• Ramlösa Södra FF
• HRC Gripen
• Helsingborg MCK
• FC Drottninghög
• Eskilsminne IF
• Helsingborgs FRK
• Kullavägens BK
• Helsingborg BBK

}}

The Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) and World Bowling Tour (WBT) have jointly hosted a ten-pin bowling event in Sweden since 2017 called the Lucky Larsen Masters. Olympia Bowling in Helsingborg hosted the event in 2019, and is scheduled to host again in September 2023.{{cite web |url=https://www.pba.com/pba-tour/pba-national-tour |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209083757/https://www.pba.com/pba-tour/pba-national-tour |archive-date=9 February 2023 |title=2023 PBA Tour Schedule |website=pba.com |date=29 January 2023 |access-date=22 May 2023}}

{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|

• Bernt Olsson, Chef
• Louise Hansson, World champion swimmer
• Marianne Bernadotte, former fashion model and actress
• Boel Berner, sociologist, historian, and editor
• Nick Bostrom, philosopher
• Kalle Brink, professional golfer
• Fabian Brunnström, ice hockey player
• Dieterich Buxtehude, composer and organist
• Elsa Collin, actress
• Covenant, synth band
• Darkane, metal band
• Elegant Machinery, synth band
• Pontus Farnerud, football player
• Linn Grant, professional golfer
• Louise Friberg, professional golfer
• Maja Ivarsson, lead singer of rock band The Sounds
• Joseph B. Johnson, Governor of the U.S. State of Vermont
• Alexander Kačaniklić, football player
• Karl Kruszelnicki, scientist (Dr Karl)
• Henrik Larsson, football player
• Ann Linde, former Swedish foreign minister
• Hampus Lindholm, ice hockey player
• Johan Liiva, musician
• Andreas Lilja, ice hockey player
• Anna Lundberg, actress
• Mikael Lundberg, golfer
• Mats Magnusson, football player
• Gunnar Nilsson, formula one driver
• Roland Nilsson, football player
• Tina Nordström, chef
• Thomas Öberg, lead singer of bob hund
• Oscar Olsson, educationalist
• Anette Olzon, singer
• Lina Perned, actress
• Peps Persson, musician
• Nils Poppe, comedian
• Ruben Rausing, founder of Tetra Pak
• Eva Rydberg, comedian
• Eric Saade, musician, presenter
• Marcus Schossow, electronic DJ
• Caroline Seger, football player
• Jay Smith, singer
• Soilwork, metal band
• Kalle Svensson, football player
• Terror 2000, metal band
• Tobias Törnkvist, ice hockey player
• Tove Lo, singer-songwriter
• Velvet, singer
• Östen Warnerbring, musician
• The Wasted Penguinz, DJ duo
• Johan Wissman, athlete

}}

File:Helsingborg-300px.jpg|Helsingborg waterfront

File:Helsingborg port.jpg|The northern harbour for yachts in Helsingborg

File:HelsingborgTownhall2.jpg|The Helsingborg city hall

File:Konsul Trapps plats.jpg|Steps leading to Kärnan, central Helsingborg, close by the water front.

File:Sankta Maria kyrka (Helsingborg, Sweden).jpg|The Church of Saint Mary, central Helsingborg

File:Bphotell.jpg|Brunnsparkshotellet, Ramlösa

File:Ramlosaspring.jpg|Ramlösa mineral water, old spring from 1707

File:Hamletferry.jpg|The ferry Hamlet on the Öresund between Helsingborg and Helsingør

File:Kärnan.jpg|Kärnan, the medieval tower

File:Helsingborg street.jpg|View over Helsingborg from Kärnan

File:HELSINGBORG.jpg|View over Helsingborg from Kärnan

File:Utzon elineberg helsingborg 05 (1954-66).jpg|Jørn Utzon's Elineberg Housing development

File:Pålsjöbaden i Helsingborg.jpg|Swimming baths and sauna, Pålsjöbaden

• Port of Helsingborg
• European route E4
• {{Lang|sv|Helsingborgs Dagblad}}
• Sofiero Palace, a nearby castle

{{Reflist}}

• {{Commons category-inline}}
• {{wikivoyage-inline}}
• {{wikivoyage-inline|Helsingborg}}
• [https://www.helsingborg.se/ Helsingborg Municipality]

{{Localities in Helsingborg Municipality}}

{{Skåne County}}

{{30 most populous cities of Sweden}}

{{50 most populous urban settlements of Scandinavia}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Municipal seats of Skåne County

Category:Swedish municipal seats

Category:Populated places in Helsingborg Municipality

Category:Port cities in Sweden

Category:Port cities and towns of the Øresund

Category:Denmark–Sweden border crossings

Category:Coastal cities and towns in Sweden

Category:1085 establishments in Europe

Category:11th-century establishments in Scania

Category:Cities in Sweden