Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture

{{Coord|23.36|N|103.37|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-53_source:Gaode|display=t}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Honghe Prefecture

| other_name =

| native_name = {{lang|zh-Hans|红河州}}

| official_name = Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture
{{longitem|style=font-size:110%;|{{nobold|{{nativename|zh|红河哈尼族彝族自治州}}
{{nativename|hni|Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel}}
{{nativename|ii|ꉼꉻꆈꌠꊨꏦꏱꅉꍏ}}}}}}

| settlement_type = Autonomous prefecture

| motto =

| image_skyline = {{multiple image

|border = infobox

|total_width = 280px

|image_style = border:1;

|perrow = 2/2/2

|image1 = Scenery of Nanhu Lake.jpg

|caption1 = Mengzi South Lake

|image2 = 个旧市天际线 - 2023-08-13 04.jpg

|caption2 = Downtown of Gejiu

|image3 = Shuanglong Bridge Jianshui.JPG

|caption3 = Jianshui Double Dragon Bridge

|image4 = Bisezhai Railway Station (20230405125903).jpg

|caption4 = Bisezhai Railway Station

|image5 = 東方韻特色小鎮 20191224155438 01.jpg

|caption5 = Mile Dongfengyun art town

|image6 = Terrace field yunnan china edit.jpg

|caption6 = Hani Rice Terraces

}}

| image_seal =

| seal_size =

| image_map = Honghe in Yunnan.svg

| mapsize =

| map_caption = Location of Honghe Prefecture in Yunnan

| image_map1 =

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| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = People's Republic of China

| subdivision_type1 = Province

| subdivision_name1 = Yunnan

| subdivision_type2 = County-level division

| subdivision_name2 = 3 county-level cities
7 counties
3 autonomous counties

| subdivision_type3 =

| subdivision_name3 =

| subdivision_type4 =

| subdivision_name4 =

| seat_type = Prefecture seat

| seat = Mengzi

| government_footnotes =

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| established_title = Prefecture established

| established_date = 6 September 1957

| established_title2 =

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| area_magnitude =

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| area_footnotes =

| area_total_km2 = 32929

| area_land_km2 =

| population_as_of = 31 December 2019

| population_footnotes =

| population_note =

| population_total = 4775000

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_blank1_title =

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| demographics_type2 = GDP{{cite book |author=云南省统计局、国家统计局云南调查总队 |title=《云南统计年鉴－2023》|date=December 2023 |publisher=China Statistics Press |isbn=978-7-5037-9653-1}}

| demographics2_title1 = Autonomous prefecture

| demographics2_info1 = CN¥ 286.3 billion
US$ 42.2 billion

| demographics2_title2 = Per capita

| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 64,768
US$ 9,553

| timezone = China Standard

| utc_offset = +8

| elevation_footnotes =

| elevation_m =

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 661400

| area_code = 0873

| iso_code = CN-YN-25

| blank_name = Licence plate prefixes

| blank_info = {{lang|zh-cn|云G}}

| blank1_name =

| blank1_info =

| website = [http://www.hh.gov.cn/ HH.gov.cn]

| footnotes =

| elevation_max_m = 3074.3

| elevation_max_point = Xilongshan, Jinping County

| elevation_min_point = Confluence of the Hong River and Nanxi River in Hekou

| elevation_min_m = 76.4

| population_urban = 33.7%

}}

File:Jianshui-shi-chao-yang-lou.jpg]]

File:Yuanyang sunset rice terraced mountain.jpg near sunset]]

{{Infobox Chinese|title=Honghe|psp=Hungho|s=红河|t=紅河|w=Hung²-ho²|p=Hónghé}}

{{Infobox Chinese|psp=Hungho Hani and I Autonomous Prefecture|s=红河哈尼族彝族自治州|t=紅河哈尼族彝族自治州|w=Hung²-ho² Ha¹-ni²-tsu² I²-tsu² Tzu⁴-chih⁴-chou¹|p=Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu}}

Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture ({{lang-zh|s=红河哈尼族彝族自治州|t=紅河哈尼族彝族自治州|p=Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu}}; Hani: {{lang|hni|Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel}}; Yi: ꉼꉸꉳꆃꁈꆃꁈꊨꏦꍓ) is an autonomous prefecture in Southeast-Central Yunnan Province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lào Cai and Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the Yi and the Hani. Honghe has an area of {{convert|32929|km2}} and its seat is Mengzi. The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to ethnic minorities.

In 2008, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the People's Republic of China nominated the Honghe Hani Terraced Fields of Yuanyang County for World Heritage Site status. It was added to the list on 22 June 2013, bringing the total number of World Heritage Sites in China to 45.

Subdivisions

The prefecture is subdivided into 13 county-level divisions: 4 county-level cities, 6 counties, and 3 autonomous counties:

class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; width:50%;" align=center !colspan="6" align="center" \| Map
colspan="6" align="center" \| {{Image label begin\|image=Administrative Division Honghe.png\|width=540\|link=}} {{Image label\|x=910\|y=1130\|scale=540/1800\|text=Gejiu}} {{Image label\|x=1110\|y=820\|scale=540/1800\|text=Kaiyuan, Yunnan}} {{Image label\|x=1180\|y=1110\|scale=540/1800\|text=Mengzi City}} {{Image label\|x=1110\|y=430\|scale=540/1800\|text=Mile (city)}} {{Image label\|x=1230\|y=1310\|scale=540/1800\|text=Pingbian County}} {{Image label\|x=740\|y=850\|scale=540/1800\|text=Jianshui County}} {{Image label\|x=420\|y=820\|scale=540/1800\|text=Shiping County}} {{Image label\|x=1390\|y=200\|scale=540/1800\|text=Luxi County}} {{Image label\|x=710\|y=1310\|scale=540/1800\|text=Yuanyang County}} {{Image label\|x=290\|y=1180\|scale=540/1800\|text=Honghe County}} {{Image label\|x=800\|y=1540\|scale=540/1800\|text=Jinping County}} {{Image label\|x=280\|y=1480\|scale=540/1800\|text=Lüchun County}} {{Image label\|x=1420\|y=1570\|scale=540/1800\|text=Hekou County}} {{Image label end}}
width="150" \| Name ! width="80" \| Hanzi ! width="100" \| Hanyu Pinyin ! Population (2010) ! Area (km²) ! Density (/km²)
--------- \|Mengzi City \|{{lang\|zh\|蒙自市}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Méngzì Shì}} \|417,200 \|2,228 \|187
--------- \|Gejiu City \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|个旧市}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Gèjiù Shì}} \|459,800 \|1,597 \|288
--------- \|Kaiyuan City \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|开远市}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Kāiyuǎn Shì}} \|322,700 \|2,009 \|161
--------- \|Mile City \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|弥勒市}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Mílè Shì}} \|539,700 \|4,004 \|135
--------- \|Lüchun County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|绿春县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Lǜchūn Xiàn}} \|222,200 \|3,167 \|70
--------- \|Jianshui County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|建水县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Jiànshuǐ Xiàn}} \|531,500 \|3,940 \|135
--------- \|Shiping County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|石屏县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Shípíng Xiàn}} \|299,100 \|3,090 \|97
--------- \|Luxi County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|泸西县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Lúxī Xiàn}} \|400,700 \|1,674 \|239
--------- \|Yuanyang County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|元阳县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Yuányáng Xiàn}} \|396,800 \|2,292 \|173
--------- \|Honghe County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|红河县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Hónghé Xiàn}} \|296,500 \|2,034 \|146
--------- \|Jinping Miao, Yao and Dai Autonomous County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Jīnpíng Miáozú Yáozú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn}} \|356,200 \|3,677 \|97
--------- \|Hekou Yao Autonomous County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|河口瑶族自治县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Hékǒu Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn}} \|104,600 \|1,313 \|80
--------- \|Pingbian Miao Autonomous County \|{{lang\|zh-Hans\|屏边苗族自治县}} \|{{Transliteration\|zh\|Píngbiān Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn}} \|154,000 \|1,905 \|81

class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; width:50%;" align=center

!colspan="6" align="center" | Map

colspan="6" align="center" |

{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Honghe.png|width=540|link=}}

{{Image label|x=1230|y=1310|scale=540/1800|text=Pingbian
County}}

width="150" | Name

! width="80" | Hanzi

! width="100" | Hanyu Pinyin

! Population
(2010)

! Area (km²)

! Density
(/km²)

---------

|Mengzi City

|{{lang|zh|蒙自市}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Méngzì Shì}}

|417,200

|2,228

|187

---------

|Gejiu City

|{{lang|zh-Hans|个旧市}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Gèjiù Shì}}

|459,800

|1,597

|288

---------

|Kaiyuan City

|{{lang|zh-Hans|开远市}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Kāiyuǎn Shì}}

|322,700

|2,009

|161

---------

|Mile City

|{{lang|zh-Hans|弥勒市}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Mílè Shì}}

|539,700

|4,004

|135

---------

|Lüchun County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|绿春县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Lǜchūn Xiàn}}

|222,200

|3,167

|70

---------

|Jianshui County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|建水县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Jiànshuǐ Xiàn}}

|531,500

|3,940

|135

---------

|Shiping County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|石屏县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Shípíng Xiàn}}

|299,100

|3,090

|97

---------

|Luxi County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|泸西县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Lúxī Xiàn}}

|400,700

|1,674

|239

---------

|Yuanyang County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|元阳县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Yuányáng Xiàn}}

|396,800

|2,292

|173

---------

|Honghe County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|红河县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Hónghé Xiàn}}

|296,500

|2,034

|146

---------

|Jinping Miao, Yao and Dai Autonomous County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Jīnpíng Miáozú Yáozú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn}}

|356,200

|3,677

|97

---------

|Hekou Yao Autonomous County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|河口瑶族自治县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Hékǒu Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn}}

|104,600

|1,313

|80

---------

|Pingbian Miao Autonomous County

|{{lang|zh-Hans|屏边苗族自治县}}

|{{Transliteration|zh|Píngbiān Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn}}

|154,000

|1,905

|81

Demographics

At the end of 2019, Honghe Prefecture had 4.775 million residents, of which 61.3% belonged to ethnic minorities.{{Cite web|title=美丽红河__红河哈尼族彝族自治州人民政府门户网站|url=http://www.hh.gov.cn/mlhh/|access-date=2021-01-23|website=hh.gov.cn}}

=Ethnic groups in Honghe, 2010 census=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
Nationality ! Population ! Percentage
align=left\| Han \| 1,928,601 \| 42.85%
align=left\| Yi \| 1,043,599 \| 23.19%
align=left\| Hani \| 789,702 \| 17.55%
align=left\| Hmong \| 326,141 \| 7.25%
align=left\| Zhuang \| 111,182 \| 2.47%
align=left\| Dai \| 106,150 \| 2.36%
align=left\| Yao \| 92,759 \| 2.06%
align=left\| Hui \| 74,767 \| 1.66%
align=left\| Lahu \| 11,430 \| 0.25%
align=left\| Bai \| 4,846 \| 0.11%
align=left\| Others \| 11,719 \| 0.26%
Total \|4,500,896 \|

class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"

Nationality

! Population

! Percentage

align=left| Han

| 1,928,601

| 42.85%

align=left| Yi

| 1,043,599

| 23.19%

align=left| Hani

| 789,702

| 17.55%

align=left| Hmong

| 326,141

| 7.25%

align=left| Zhuang

| 111,182

| 2.47%

align=left| Dai

| 106,150

| 2.36%

align=left| Yao

| 92,759

| 2.06%

align=left| Hui

| 74,767

| 1.66%

align=left| Lahu

| 11,430

| 0.25%

align=left| Bai

| 4,846

| 0.11%

align=left| Others

| 11,719

| 0.26%

Total

|4,500,896

|

=Ethnic subgroups=

File:Red River valley between Manhao and Lianhuatan - P1380190 - banana tree by the Red River.jpg forms the border between Honghe Prefecture's Jinping County (background) and Hekou County (foreground). Bananas are grown in abundance on both sides of the river]]

Honghe Prefecture has the following ethnic Hani subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:32):

Hani
Nuobi
Nuomei
Ache
Lami
Baihong
Asuo
Budu
Qide
Gehe
Biyue
Kaduo
Ha'ou ({{lang|zh-Hans|哈欧}})
Enu (Ximoluo)

Honghe Prefecture has the following 10 ethnic Yi subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:68):

Nisubo {{lang|zh-Hans|尼苏泼}} (exonyms and other names: Luoluo {{lang|zh-Hans|罗罗}}, Sandaohong {{lang|zh-Hans|三道红}}, Huayao {{lang|zh|花腰}}, Muji {{lang|zh|母基}})
Nibo {{lang|zh-Hans|尼泼}} (exonyms and other names: Sani {{lang|zh|撒尼}}, Azhe {{lang|zh|阿哲}})
Gepo {{lang|zh-Hans|葛泼}} (exonyms and other names: White Yi {{lang|zh|白彝}})
Siqi {{lang|zh|斯期}} (exonyms and other names: Large Black Yi {{lang|zh|大黑彝}}, Small Black Yi {{lang|zh|小黑彝}})
Axibo {{lang|zh-Hans|阿细泼}} (exonyms and other names: Axi {{lang|zh-Hans|阿细}})
Puwabo {{lang|zh-Hans|朴瓦泼}}, Pulebo {{lang|zh-Hans|普勒泼}} (exonyms and other names: Pula {{lang|zh|朴喇}})
Alubo {{lang|zh-Hans|阿鲁泼}} (exonyms and other names: Alu {{lang|zh-Hans|阿鲁}})
Lesubo {{lang|zh-Hans|勒苏泼}} (exonyms and other names: Shansu {{lang|zh-Hans|山苏}})
Luobo {{lang|zh-Hans|罗泼}} (exonyms and other names: Awu {{lang|zh-Hans|阿务}}, Laowu {{lang|zh-Hans|老乌}})
Xiangtang {{lang|zh|香堂}}

Transportation

= Roads =

= Railways =

The prefecture is crossed by the early-20th century narrow-gauge Kunming–Hai Phong Railway and its branches. These railways have lost most of their economic importance after the opening of the standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou railway (whose sections within the prefecture are the Yuxi–Mengzi Railway and the Mengzi–Hekou Railway).

The prefecture is also served by the Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway and Mile–Mengzi Railway (under construction).

= Airport =

Honghe Mengzi Airport is being built in the prefectural capital Mengzi.{{Cite web|title=红河蒙自机场开工建设|url=http://www.hh.gov.cn/szhh/zwdt/202011/t20201118_481234.html|access-date=2021-05-15|website=hh.gov.cn}}

References

External links

[http://www.hh.gov.cn/ Honghe Prefecture official website]
[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5346/ Hani fields]

{{Other ethnic minorities autonomy in the People's Republic of China}}

{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}

Category:Hani autonomous counties

Category:Yi autonomous prefectures