Honora Burke

{{Infobox noble

| name = Honora Burke

| image = {{CSS image crop|Image=Honora_de_Burke.jpg|bSize=380|cWidth=187|cHeight=214|oTop=94|oLeft=90|Location=center}}

| alt = Portrait of a young lady with brown eyes and hair

| CoA =

| tenure =

| predecessor =

| spouse = {{unbulleted list|Patrick Sarsfield, 1st Earl of Lucan|James, 1st Duke of Berwick}}

| issue = James Sarsfield; James, 2nd Duke of Berwick

| issue-link = #chldrn

| father = William, 7th Earl of Clanricarde

| mother = Helen MacCarty

| successor =

| birth_date = {{Circa|1675}}

| birth_place = Portumna Castle

| death_date = 16 January 1698 (aged c.23)

| death_place = Pézenas, Languedoc, France

| noble family = Burke

}}

Honora Burke became Honora FitzJames, Duchess of Berwick on Tweed ({{Circa|1675}} – 1698), married Patrick Sarsfield and went into French exile where he followed her soon afterwards. After his death at the Battle of Landen, she married James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, an illegitimate son of James II. She may have introduced the country dance (contredanse anglaise) to the French court.

Birth and origins

Honora was born about 1675 at Portumna Castle, County Galway.{{Sfn|Burke|2005|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Lfg7ilbJhMYC&pg=PA21 21, line 19]|ps=. "Honora de Burgh was born C 1675 at Portumna Castle, Co. Galway."}} She was the youngest child of William Burke and his second wife, Helen MacCarty. Her father was William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde. The Burkes (originally De Burgh) were an Old English family long-established in Connacht. Her mother was a daughter of Donough MacCarty, 1st Earl of Clancarty and thus belonged to the MacCarthy of Muskerry dynasty, a Gaelic Irish family that descended from the kings of Desmond.{{Sfn|O'Hart|1892|p=[https://archive.org/details/irishpedigrees00unkngoog/page/n160/ 122]|ps=. "Cormac MacCarty Mor, Prince of Desmond (see the MacCarty Mór Stem, No. 115,) had a second son, Dermod Mór, of Muscry (now Muskerry) who was the ancestor of MacCarthy, lords of Muscry and earls of Clan Carthy."}} She had previously been married to Sir John Fitzgerald of Dromana.{{Sfn|Cokayne|1913|p=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerageo03coka/page/233/ 233, line 2]|ps=. "He [Clanricarde] m. [married] 2ndly Helen, widow of sir John FitzGerald, of Dromana, co. Waterford (who d. [died] 1662), da. [daughter] of Donough (MacCarty), 1st Earl of Clancarty [I. [Ireland]] by Eleanor ..."}} Honora was raised as a Roman Catholic. She was often called Honora de Burgh during this period.

{{Chart top|width=auto|collapsed=no|align=right|clear=right|Family tree}}

{{Tree chart/start|style=clear: both; font-size: 90%; width: 28em;}}

{{Tree chart|Txt|Txt=Honora Burke with her two husbands, her parents, and other selected relatives.{{Efn|Also see the lists of siblings and children in the text.}}|boxstyle_Txt=border: 0 solid white; text-align: left;}}

{{Tree chart|WlmBk| | | |DngC1|y|ElnrB|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|WlmBk=William
Burke
d. 1626

|DngC1=Donough
1st Earl
Clancarty
1594–1665|boxstyle_DngC1=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: beige;

|ElnrB=Eleanor
Butler
1612–1682}}

{{Tree chart| |WlmR7|y|Helen| |Justn|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|WlmR7=William
Burke
7th Earl
Clanricarde
d. 1687|boxstyle_WlmR7=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lightcyan;

|Helen=Helen
MacCarty
d. 1722

|Justn=Justin
MacCarthy
Viscount
Mount-
cashel
d. 1694|boxstyle_Justn=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;}}

{{Tree chart|Ulick| |MgtMI|!|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|Ulick=Ulick
d. 1691

|MgtMI=Margaret
d. 1744}}

{{Tree chart| | |SarL1|y|Sbjct|y|JmsB1|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|SarL1=Patrick
Sarsfield
1st Earl
Lucan
1655–1693|boxstyle_SarL1=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: wheat;

|Sbjct=Honora
Burke
c. 1675 – 1698|boxstyle_Sbjct=border: 2px solid red; border-radius: 0.5em;

|JmsB1=James
FitzJames
1st Duke
Berwick
1670–1734|boxstyle_JmsB1=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;}}

{{Tree chart| | | | |SarL2| |JmsB2|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|SarL2=James
Sarsfield
2nd Earl
Lucan
1693–1719|boxstyle_SarL2=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: wheat;

|JmsB2=James
Fitz-James
Stuart
2nd Duke
Berwick
1696–1738|boxstyle_JmsB2=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;}}

{{Tree chart|Leg|Leg=Legend|boxstyle_Leg=border: 0 solid white;}}

{{Tree chart|SbjBx|SbjTx| |Bk1Bx|Bk1Tx| |Bk2Bx|Bk2Tx

|SbjBx=XXX|boxstyle_SbjBx=border: 2px solid red; border-radius: 0.5em; color: white;

|SbjTx=Subject of
the article|boxstyle_SbjTx=border: 0 solid white; text-align: left;

|Bk1Bx=XXX|boxstyle_Bk1Bx=background: lavender; border-radius: 0.5em; border-width: 1px; color: lavender;

|Bk1Tx=Dukes of
Berwick|boxstyle_Bk1Tx=border: 0 solid white; text-align: left;

|Bk2Bx=XXX|boxstyle_Bk2Bx=background: wheat; border-radius: 0.5em; border-width: 1px; color: wheat;

|Bk2Tx=Earls of
Lucan|boxstyle_Bk2Tx=border: 0 solid white; text-align: left;}}

{{Tree chart|Bk3Bx|Bk3Tx| |Bk4Bx|Bk4Tx|

|Bk3Bx=XXX|boxstyle_Bk3Bx=background: lightcyan; border-radius: 0.5em; border-width: 1px; color: lightcyan;

|Bk3Tx=Earls of
Clanricarde|boxstyle_Bk3Tx=border: 0 solid white; text-align: left;

|Bk4Bx=XXX|boxstyle_Bk4Bx=background: beige; border-radius: 0.5em; border-width: 1px; color: beige;

|Bk4Tx=Earls of
Clancarty|boxstyle_Bk4Tx=border: 0 solid white; text-align: left;}}

!align="left"|Honora listed among her siblings

She appears below at the bottom of the list of siblings as the youngest:

Ulick (1670–1691), created Viscount of Galway and slain at the Battle of Aughrim fighting for the Jacobites{{Sfn|Lodge|1789|p=[https://archive.org/details/peerageirelando00archgoog/page/n182 138, line 13]|ps=. "Ulick, created by privy seal, dated at Whitehall, 9 May, and by patent 2 June 1687, baron of Tyaquin in the co. of Galway, and Viscount of Galway; was a nobleman of true courage and endowed with many good qualities; he commanded a regiment of foot in K. James's army; and in that station was killed at Aghrim, 12 July 1691, being not full 22 years old."}}{{Efn|name=Lodge}}
Margaret (1673–1744), first married Bryan Magennis, 5th Viscount of Iveagh and then Thomas Butler of Garryricken{{Sfn|Lodge|1789|p=[https://archive.org/details/peerageirelando00archgoog/page/n182 138, line 27]|ps=. "Margaret, born in 1673 and married first in 1689 to Bryan Viscount Magennis, of Iveagh who dying in 1692, she remarried in 1696 with Thomas Butler of Kilcash in the co. of Tipperary, Esq.; where she died his widow, 19 July 1744."}}{{Efn|name=Lodge|Lodge by error ignores Clanricarde's second marriage to Helen and lists all the children as born by Lettice Shirley, his first wife.}}
William, died childless in France{{Sfn|Lodge|1789|p=[https://archive.org/details/peerageirelando00archgoog/page/n182 138, line 26]|ps=. "William died in his minority in France."}}{{Efn|name=Lodge}}
Honora (c. 1675 – 1698)

!align="left"|Honora's half-siblings

Half-siblings from her father's first marriage were:{{Sfn|Debrett|1828|p=[https://archive.org/details/debrettspeerage01debrgoog/page/n221/ 643]|ps=. "Richard, 6th earl, who also d. [died] without issue, and was succeeded by his brother William, 7th earl, father of Richard, 8th earl (who died without issue) and John, 9th earl, who d. 17 October 1722, leaving issue."}}

Richard (died after 1708), became the 8th Earl of Clanricarde{{Sfn|Cokayne|1913|p=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerageo03coka/page/233/ 233]|ps=. "8. Richard (Bourke), Earl of Clanricarde & [I. [Ireland]], s. [son] and h. [heir] by 1st wife. He conformed to the established Church in or before 1681."}}
John (1642–1722), became the 9th Earl of Clanricarde{{Sfn|Cokayne|1913|p=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerageo03coka/page/234/ 234]|ps=. "9. John (Bourke), Earl of Clanricarde & [I. [Ireland]], br. [brother] and h. [heir] male by full blood. He was born 1642 ..."}} and
Thomas (died 1688), killed at the Siege of Buda, Hungary{{Sfn|Lodge|1789|p=[https://archive.org/details/peerageirelando00archgoog/page/n182 138, line 11]|ps=. "Thomas, who was killed in 1688 at the siege of Buda, in Hungary, then possessed by the Turks ..."}}{{Efn|name=Lodge}}{{Efn|There probably is some error here as the siege of Buda was in 1686.}}{{Sfn|Burke|1869|p=[https://archive.org/details/genealogicalhera00inburk/page/228/ 228, left column, line 6]|ps=. "Thomas, killed at Buda."}}

Early life

Her father died in 1687{{Sfn|Cokayne|1913|p=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerageo03coka/page/233/ 233, line 5a]|ps=. "He [Clanricarde] d. Oct. 1687."}} and was succeeded by her half-brother Richard as the 8th Earl of Clanricarde. Honora inherited a fortune of £3,500 from her father.{{Sfn|Hardy|1913|p=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951t00034639m&view=1up&seq=66 14]|ps=. "... the late Earl of Clanricarde bequeathed to his daughter, Lady Honor Burke, who since married Colonel Sarsfield, the sum of 3,500l by his last will and testament, which is forfeited to the King by her marriage with the said Patrick Sarsfield ..."}} Her mother married thirdly, sometime between 1687 and 1700, to Colonel Thomas Burke.{{Sfn|Cokayne|1913|p=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerageo03coka/page/233/ 233, line 5b]|ps=. "His [Clanricarde's] widow m. [married] 3rdly before 1 Feb. 1699/1700, Thomas Bourke, who died between 29 May 1718 and 5 Dec. 1720."}}

First marriage

In the winter of 1689/90{{Cite web|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/sarsfield-patrick-a7924|title=You are being redirected...|website=www.dib.ie}} Honora, aged 15,{{Sfn|Wauchope|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613989/page/994/ 994, right column]|ps=. "Sarsfield married Lady Honora Bourke, a fifteen-year-old ..."}} married Patrick Sarsfield, aged about 35, at Portumna Abbey.{{Sfn|Burke|2005|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Lfg7ilbJhMYC&pg=PA21 21, line 32]|ps=. "Honora married (1) Patrick Sarsfield at Portumna Abbey 9th Jan 1689, age just 16 years, after heir marriage, Honora and Patrick went to live at Sarsfield's house in Lucan, Dublin."}}{{Sfn|Ruvigny|1904|p=[https://archive.org/details/jacobitepeerageb00ruvi/page/81/ 81, last line]|ps=. "He [Sarsfield] married Lady Honora, second daughter of William (Bourke) seventh Earl of Clanricarde [I.], by his second wife, Lady Ellen, daughter of Donough (MacCarty), first Earl of Clancarty [I. [Ireland]]."}} The couple went to live in Sarsfield's house at Lucan near Dublin. Sarsfield was at that time the eldest living son of a landowner from County Kildare and an experienced soldier, serving in the Irish Army of James II during the Williamite War in Ireland.{{Sfn|Lodge|1789|p=[https://archive.org/details/peerageirelando00archgoog/page/n182 138, line 32]|ps=. "Lady Honora (first married to Patrick Sarsfield, Earl of Lucan, who was killed in the battle of Landen, 29 July, 1693, by whom she had one son who died without issue in Flanders ..."}}

Sarsfield rose rapidly to become one of the leaders of the Jacobite movement in Ireland, noted in particular for the Ballyneety Raid on King William's artillery train shortly before the Siege of Limerick (1690).{{Sfn|Wauchope|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613989/page/995 965, left column]|ps=. "... in the early hours of 12 August 1690, he attacked the siege train while it camped at Ballyneety, near Cullen, co. Tipperary, some 12 miles from Limerick."}} In January 1691 James II ennobled him for this achievement making him the 1st Earl of Lucan.{{Sfn|Ruvigny|1904|p=[https://archive.org/details/jacobitepeerageb00ruvi/page/81/ 81, line 18]|ps=. "He greatly distinguished him at the first siege of Limerick in August 1690 and in reward was created by King James, January 1690/91 ... Earl of Lucan."}} She therefore became Countess of Lucan. After the surrender of Limerick following a second siege in 1691, Lucan led the defeated Irish Army to France to continue serving the exiled James II, an event known as the Flight of the Wild Geese.{{Sfn|Wauchope|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613989/page/996 966, left column]|ps=. "Lucan left Ireland for the last time on 22 December 1691, having succeeded in getting over 12,000 Irish soldiers transported to France to join King James."}}

Honora had probably left for France a year earlier with other Jacobite ladies.{{Sfn|Wauchope|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613989/page/996 966, right column, line 27]|ps=. "... had been evacuated to France during the war in Ireland before being joined by her husband in early 1692 at the Jacobite court in exile at St Germain-en-Laye."}} In France she was admired for her beauty and is said to have introduced "les contredanses anglaises" (English country dance) to the French Court.{{Sfn|Petrie|1953|p=[https://archive.org/details/marshaldukeofber0000unse/page/101/ 101]|ps=:"Her son by her second marriage wrote of her '... et ce fut elle qui introduisit à la cour de France la mode de danser les contredanses anglaises.'"}}{{Sfn|Wauchope|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613989/page/996/ 996, right column, line 30]|ps=. "Admired for her beauty, she is credited with the introduction of the 'çontradanses anglaises' to the French Court."}} In 1692 her husband participated in a failed plan to invade England.{{Sfn|O'Callaghan|1854|p=[https://archive.org/details/historyofirishbr01ocal/page/165/ 165]|ps=. "... to be commanded, under the king, by the veteran Marshal de Bellefonds, to whom Patrick Sarsfield, Earl of Lucan, was Maréchal de camp or Major General."}}

In April 1693 Honora and Patrick had one son:{{Sfn|Wauchope|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613989/page/996/ 996, right column, line 32]|ps=. "With Lucan she had one child, James Francis Edward (the Jacobite second earl), born in April 1693, three months before she was widowed."}}

James Francis Edward (1693–1719), became the 2nd Earl of Lucan and took part in the planned 1719 Jacobite Rising in Ireland, but died of natural causes shortly afterwards.{{Sfn|Todhunter|1895|p=[https://archive.org/details/lifepatricksars00todhgoog/page/n216/ 202, line 19]|ps=. "He [James Sarsfield] died, without issue, at St. Omer, May 12th, 1719."}}

He was named after James Francis Edward Stuart, the Jacobite Prince of Wales, later known as the Old Pretender.

On 29 July 1693 Lucan was mortally wounded at the Battle of Landen{{Sfn|Todhunter|1895|p=[https://archive.org/details/lifepatricksars00todhgoog/page/n216/ 202, line 1]|ps=. "It was in the last charge that Sarsfield, at the head of the flower of French cavalry (no Irish regiment being engaged), as he drove the enemy down to the river, was struck by a musket ball in the breast, and fell."}} and died shortly afterwards at Huy.{{Sfn|Todhunter|1895|p=[https://archive.org/details/lifepatricksars00todhgoog/page/n216/ 202, line 9]|ps=. "He was carried from the field to the village of Huy, where he died in a few days, of the fever induced by his wound."}}

It has been said that Catalina Sarsfield, who married a German adventurer, known for having briefly established himself as King Theodore of Corsica, was a daughter of Honora and her first husband.{{Sfn|Ruvigny|1904|p=[https://archive.org/details/jacobitepeerageb00ruvi/page/82/ 82]|ps=. "Lady [____] Sarsfield, married about 1718, Baron Theodore de Neuhof, sometime King of Corsica."}}{{Sfn|Todhunter|1895|p=[https://archive.org/details/lifepatricksars00todhgoog/page/n216/ 202, line 23]|ps=. "His daughter married Baron de Neuburg, styled King of Corsica."}} In fact Catalina (the Spanish form of Catherine) came from the Limerick branch of the Sarsfield family and was born in Nantes to David Sarsfield, a distant cousin of Lucan.{{Sfn|Gasper|2013|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=3dtNjB_uz-UC&pg=PA41 41]|ps=. "Neuhoff's presentation to the king and queen of Spain had an unexpected consequence: one of the queen's maids of honour fell in love with him. She was Catalina Sarsfield, the daughter of David Sarsfield, an Irish Catholic exile who fought for Philip in Spain ..."}}{{Citation needed|date=June 2020}}

After Lucan's death the dowager countess joined the Jacobite court-in-exile at Saint-Germain-en-Laye near Paris. She tried to help the Irish community there, part of which lived in great poverty but lacked herself the means.{{Sfn|Lyons|2008|p=69|ps=. "The protection that the widows of the Earl of Tyconnell (d. 1691) and Patrick Sarsfield (d.1692) gave to the Irish at St. Germain-en-Laye was significant but ultimately inadequate ..."}}

File:Honora_de_Burke.jpg

Second marriage

At Saint-Germain-en-Laye the dowager Countess Lucan met James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick and fell in love with him. Berwick was an illegitimate son of James II and Arabella Churchill, and pursued a brilliant military career since an early age. He had served alongside Lucan in Ireland. Honora married James on 26 March 1695 in the chapel of the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye.{{Sfn|Handley|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary19matt/page/882/ 882, left column, line 32]|ps=. "On 26 March 1695 Berwick married, in the royal chapel at St Germain-en-Laye, Honora Sarsfield, née Bourke ..."}} making her the Duchess of Berwick. The King was not overjoyed at the marriage, as he had wanted his son to make a grander match that might have helped the Jacobite cause.{{Sfn|Lodge|1789|p=[https://archive.org/details/peerageirelando00archgoog/page/n182 138, last line]|ps=. "[Honora] secondly was married in the chapel of the Castle of St Germains, near Paris, in 1695, to James Fitz-James, Duke of Berwick, Marshal, Duke and Peer of France, eldest natural son of James II. by Arabella, sister to John Churchill Duke of Marlborough ..."}} In that same year her husband was attainted in England and therefore lost, at least officially, his title.{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n226/ 208, right column, line 43]|ps=. "Marshal Berwick was attainted in 1695, when the dukedom of Berwick and his minor English honours became forfeited."}} However, she and her husband continued to use it and were generally known as the Duke and Duchess of Berwick. Saint-Simon, for example calls him so in 1698.{{Sfn|Saint-Simon|1879|p=[https://archive.org/details/memoiresdesaints05sain/page/24/ 24]|ps=. "Le duc de Berwick perdit en même temps [1698] une très aimable femme qu'il avoit épousée par amour, et qui avoit très bien réussi à la cour et à Saint-Germain ... Elle était à la première fleur de son âge, belle, touchante, faite à peindre, une nymphe."}}

Honora and James had a son:

James (1696–1738), who served in the Spanish Army and founded a dynasty in that country.{{Sfn|FitzJames|1778|p=[https://archive.org/details/mmoiresdumar01berw/page/153/ 153, footnote]|ps=. "Il m'en reste un fils qui naquit le 21 octobre 1696 ..."}}

Death and timeline

She died on 16 January 1698{{Sfn|FitzJames|1778|p=[https://archive.org/details/mmoiresdumar01berw/page/153/ 153, line 11]|ps=. "Ma femme ... mourut au mois de Janvier de cette année [1698] ..."}}{{Sfn|Mulcahy|2003|p=119|ps=. "She died in the month of January 1698. She was not yet twenty-three."}} of consumption,{{Sfn|Handley|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary19matt/page/882/ 882, left column, last line]|ps=. "On 16 January 1698 his wife died of consumption at Pézenas in Languedoc;"}} leaving her husband in "great grief". She was buried in the Convent of English Benedictines{{Sfn|Trou|1841|p=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_KwFTAAAAcAAJ/page/n253/ 236, line 24]|ps=. "... le tombeau en marbre blanc de la princesse Honorée, fille de Guillaume Burke, paire d'Irlande et épouse de Jacques Fitz-James, duc de Berwick."}} in Pontoise.{{Sfn|Handley|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary19matt/page/882/ 882, right column, line 1]|ps=. "... she was buried at Pontoise."}} Her burial was attended many prominent Jacobites: Henry FitzJames (Berwicks's brother), Lord Perth, Melfort, Richard Hamilton, James Porter, Lord Waldegrave, and Dominic Maguire (the Primate of all Ireland).{{Sfn|Trou|1841|p=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_KwFTAAAAcAAJ/page/n253/ 236–237]}}

Her husband married Anne Bulkeley, daughter of Henry Bulkeley (Master of the Household to James II) three years later on 18 April 1700.{{Sfn|Handley|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary19matt/page/882/ 882, right column, line 6]|ps=. "In Paris on 18 April he married Anne (c. 1675–1751), daughter of Henry Bulkeley, master of the household to James II."}}

align="left"\|Age	align="left"\|Date	align="left"\|Event
{{Table\|hide}} !colspan=3\|Timeline
colspan=3\|As her birth date is uncertain, so are all her ages.
0	1675, about	Born at Portumna Castle.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|6 Feb 1685}}	1685, 6 Feb	Accession of King James II, succeeding King Charles II{{Sfn\|Fryde\|Greenway\|Porter\|Roy\|1986\|p=[https://archive.org/details/handbookofbritis0000unse/page/44/ 44, line 46]\|ps=. "James II. ... acc. 6 Feb. 1685 ..."}}
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|Oct 1687}}	1687, Oct	Father died.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|9 Jan 1689}}	1689, 9 Jan	Married Sarsfield at Portumna Abbey.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|13 Feb 1689}}	1689, 13 Feb	Accession of William and Mary, succeeding King James II{{Sfn\|Fryde\|Greenway\|Porter\|Roy\|1986\|p=[https://archive.org/details/handbookofbritis0000unse/page/45/ 45, line 11]\|ps=. "William III. ... acc. 13 Feb. 1689 ..."}}
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|12 Mar 1689}}	1689, 12 Mar	King James II landed at Kinsale.{{Sfn\|Witherow\|1879\|p=[https://archive.org/stream/derryandenniski01withgoogpage/n75/ 55, line 21]\|ps=. "On Tuesday the 12th of March, King James arrived at Kinsale from France ..."}}
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|Jan 1691}}	1691, Jan	Became Countess of Lucan as Sarsfield is created Earl of Lucan by James II.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|12 Jul 1691}}	1691, 12 Jul	Brother Ulick slain at the Battle of Aughrim.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|Apr 1693}}	1693, Apr	Son James Francis Edward born.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|29 Jul 1693}}	1693, 29 Jul	1st husband mortally wounded at the Battle of Landen.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|9 Jan 1695}}	1695, 9 Jan	Married 2ndly Berwick at Saint-Germain-en-Laye and became Duchess of Berwick.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|1695}}	1695	2nd husband attainted in England.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|21 Oct 1696}}	1696, 21 Oct	Son James born.
{{Age\|17 Jan 1675\|16 Jan 1698}}	1698, 16 Jan	Died at Pézenas, Languedoc, France.

Notes and references

= Notes =

=Citations =

= Sources =

{{Cite book|last=Burke |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Burke |date=1866 |title=A Genealogical History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire |edition=New |publisher=Harrison |location=London |oclc=11501348 |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_K3MaAAAAYAAJ/}}
{{Cite book|last=Burke |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Burke |date=1869 |title=A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire |edition=31st |publisher=Harrison |location=London |oclc=1045624502 |url=https://archive.org/details/genealogicalhera00inburk/}} (for Clanricarde)
{{Cite book|last=Burke |first=Jim |date=2005 |title=A History of De Burgo, De Burgh, De Burca, Burke, Bourke |publisher=Séamus de Búrka |location=Ireland |oclc=619552006 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lfg7ilbJhMYC}} – Jim Burke!
{{Cite book|last=Cokayne |first=George Edward |author-link=George Edward Cokayne |editor-last=Gibbs |editor-first=Vicary |editor-link=Vicary Gibbs (St Albans MP) |date=1913 |title=The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant |edition=2nd |volume=III |publisher=St Catherine Press |location=London |oclc=228661424 |url=https://archive.org/details/completepeerageo03coka/}} – Canonteign to Cutts (for Clancarty and Clanricarde)
{{Cite book|last=Debrett |first=John |author-link=John Debrett |date=1828 |title=Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |edition=17th |volume=II |publisher=F. C. and J. Rivington |location=London |oclc=54499602 |url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeerage01debrgoog/}} – Scotland and Ireland
{{Cite book|last=FitzJames |first=James FitzJames, the Duke of Berwick |author-link=James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick |date=1778 |title=Mémoires du Maréchal de Berwick |volume=Tome premier |publisher=Moutard |location=Paris |language=fr |oclc=1049657563 |url=https://archive.org/details/mmoiresdumar01berw/}}
{{Cite book|editor-last=Fryde |editor-first=E. B. |editor2-last=Greenway |editor2-first=D. E. |editor3-last=Porter |editor3-first=S. |editor4-last=Roy |editor4-first=I. |date=1986 |title=Handbook of British Chronology |publisher=Offices of the Royal Historical Society |edition=3rd |series=Royal Historical Society Guides and Handbooks, No. 2 |location=London |isbn=0-86193-106-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofbritis0000unse/ |url-access=registration}} – (for timeline)
{{Cite book|last=Gasper |first=Julia |date=2013 |title=Theodore Von Neuhoff, King of Corsica: The Man Behind the Legend |publisher=University of Delaware Press |location=Newark, Delaware |isbn=978-1-61149-440-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3dtNjB_uz-UC}}
{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Handley |first=Stuart |editor1-last=Matthew |editor1-first=Colin |editor1-link=Colin Matthew |editor2-last=Harrison |editor2-first=Brian |editor2-link=Brian Harrison (historian) |date=2004 |title=FitzJames, James (1650/51–1712) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |volume=19 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |pages=881–884 |isbn=0-19-861369-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary19matt/page/881/ |url-access=registration}}
{{Cite book|last=Hardy |first=William John |author-link=William John Hardy |date=1913 |title=Calendar of the State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reign of William III. 1 January—31 December, 1696 |pages=6 v |publisher=His/Her Majesty's Stationery Office |location=London |oclc=878147296 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951t00034639m}}
{{Cite book|last=Lodge |first=John |author-link=John Lodge (archivist) |editor-last=Archdall |editor-first=Mervyn |editor-link=Mervyn Archdall (Irish antiquary) |date=1789 |title=The Peerage of Ireland or, A Genealogical History of the Present Nobility of that Kingdom |volume=I |publisher=James Moore |location=Dublin |oclc=264906028 |url=https://archive.org/details/peerageirelando00archgoog/}} – Blood royal, dukes, earls (for Clanricarde)
{{Cite journal|last=Lyons |first=Mary Ann |title=Digne de compassion: female dependants of Irish Jacobite soldiers in France, c.1692-c.1730 |journal=Eighteenth-Century Ireland |volume=23 |year=2008 |pages=55–75 |doi=10.3828/eci.2008.6 |jstor=27806924 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27806924 |url-access=registration}}
{{Cite journal|last=Mulcahy |first=John |date=2003 |title=Honora Burke, the Flower of Portumna |journal=Irish Arts Review |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=118–119 |jstor=25502985 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25502985 |url-access=registration}}
{{Cite book|last=O'Callaghan |first=John Cornelius |date=1854 |title=History of the Irish Brigades in the Service of France |publisher=P. O'Shea Publisher |location=New York |oclc=1046538374 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofirishbr01ocal/}}
{{Cite book|last=O'Hart |first=John |author-link=John O'Hart |date=1892 |title=Irish Pedigrees: Or, the Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation |edition=5th |volume=I |publisher=James Duffy & Co. |location=Dublin |oclc=7239210 |url=https://archive.org/details/irishpedigrees00unkngoog/}} – Irish stem
{{Cite book|last=Petrie |author-link=Sir Charles Petrie, 3rd Baronet |first=Charles |date=1953 |title=The Marshal Duke of Berwick: The Picture of an Age |publisher=Eyre and Spottiswoode |location=London |oclc=1049657563 |url=https://archive.org/details/marshaldukeofber0000unse/ |url-access=registration}}
{{Cite book|last=Ruvigny |first=Melville Henry, Marquis de |author-link=Melville Henry Massue |date=1904 |title=Jacobite Peerage Baronetage Knightage and Grants of Honour |publisher=T C & E C Jack |location=Edinburgh |oclc=655825906 |url=https://archive.org/details/jacobitepeerageb00ruvi/}}
{{Cite book|last=Saint-Simon |first=Louis de Rouvroy, duc de |author-link=Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon |editor-last=Boislisle |editor-first=Arthur de |date=1879 |title=Mémoires du duc de Saint-Simon |edition=2nd |volume=Tome cinquième |publisher=Hachette |location=Paris |language=fr |oclc=1068033585 |url=https://archive.org/details/memoiresdesaints05sain/}} – 1698
{{Cite book|last=Todhunter |first=John |date=1895 |title=Life of Patrick Sarsfield, Earl of Lucan |publisher=T. Fisher Unwin |location=London |oclc=6152671 |url=https://archive.org/details/lifepatricksars00todhgoog/}}
{{Cite book|last=Trou |first=M. l'abbé |date=1841 |title=Recherches historiques, archéologiques et biographiques sur la ville de Pontoise |publisher=Dufey |location=Pontoise |language=fr |oclc=162335368 |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_KwFTAAAAcAAJ/}}
{{Cite encyclopedia|last=Wauchope |first=Piers |editor1-last=Matthew |editor1-first=Colin |editor1-link=Colin Matthew |editor2-last=Harrison |editor2-first=Brian |editor2-link=Brian Harrison (historian) |date=2004 |title=Sarsfield, Patrick, Jacobite first earl of Lucan (d. 1693) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |volume=48 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |pages=993–996 |isbn=0-19-861398-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613989/page/993/ |url-access=registration}}
{{Cite book|last=Witherow |first=Thomas |author-link=Thomas Witherow |date=1879 |title=Derry and Enniskillen in the Year 1689 |publisher=William Mallan & Son |location=London & Belfast |oclc=82779901 |url=https://archive.org/stream/derryandenniski01withgoog/}} (for timeline)

External links

[http://indigo.ie/~wildgees/honora3.htm Wild Geese Heritage Museum and Library, Portumna]

Category:1670s births

Category:1698 deaths

Honora

Category:17th-century Irish people

Category:Daughters of Irish earls

Category:Flight of the Wild Geese

Category:Irish emigrants to France

Category:Irish Jacobites

Category:People from County Galway

Honora