Hosea 7

The original text was written in Hebrew. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}} Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, including 4Q78 (4QXII^c; 75–50 BCE) with extant verses 12–13;{{sfn|Ulrich|2010|p=593}}[https://thewaytoyahuweh.com/dead-sea-scrolls/general-info/#hosea Dead sea scrolls - Hosea]{{sfn|Fitzmyer|2008|p=38}}[https://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/manuscript/4Q78-1 4Q78 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library] and 4Q82 (4QXII^g; 25 BCE) with extant verses 1, 12–16.{{sfn|Fitzmyer|2008|p=39}}{{sfn|Ulrich|2010|pp=593–594}}[https://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/manuscript/4Q82-1 4Q82 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}{{efn|The Book of Hosea is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.{{cite book| last= Shepherd|first= Michael |title= A Commentary on the Book of the Twelve: The Minor Prophets | series= Kregel Exegetical Library | publisher= Kregel Academic | year= 2018 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_iNZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|isbn= 978-0825444593 | page= 13}}}}

This chapter is divided into 16 verses.

:When I would have healed Israel,

:Then the iniquity of Ephraim was uncovered,

:And the wickedness of Samaria.

:For they have committed fraud;

:A thief comes in;

:A band of robbers takes spoil outside.{{bibleverse|Hosea|7:1|NKJV}}: New King James Version

Hosea mentions Samaria here for the first time, the capital of the northern kingdom: he will refer to it again on several further occasions.{{sfn|Day|2007|p=575}} Albert Barnes suggests that "the name "Israel" includes the whole people; the names, Ephraim and Samaria, probably are meant to designate the chief among them, Ephraim having been their royal tribe, and being the chief tribe among them; Samaria being their royal city.

: Ephraim also is like a silly dove without heart:

:: they call to Egypt,

:: they go to Assyria.{{bibleverse|Hosea|7:11|KJV}}: King James Version

• "A silly dove": a proverbial bird for 'simplicity', for being easily deceived,Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. 1871.{{PD-notice}} easily be led to evil ("like wax to be bent to evil"; Psalm 116:6), as in an Eastern proverb: "There is nothing more simple than a dove". Jerome wrote that this bird does not search nor grieve for its chicks when they are missing.Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890.{{PD-notice}} Thus {{bibleverse| Proverbs|1:22|9}} has "How long, you simple one, will you love simplicity?", whereas Jesus Christ uses the likeness of the dove in "be wise as serpents, harmless ('simple'; 'innocent') as doves" (Matthew 10:16).Barnes, Albert, [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes/hosea/7.htm Notes on the Old Testament]. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998, accessed 28 November 2023. {{PD-notice}}
• "Call to Egypt": for help, as when Hoshea king of Israel asked help from So (or Sabacon), king of Egypt (2 Kings 17:4).
• "Go to Assyria": paying tributes like Menahem to Pul, or Hoshea to Shalmaneser (2 Kings 15:19). The Targum interprets it not as to "go asking for help" but states that "they go captive ('are carried captive') into Assyria."John Gill. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible. Exposition of the Old and New Testament. Published in 1746-1763.{{PD-notice}}

{{Portal|Bible}}

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}

• Assyria
• Egypt
• Ephraim
• Israel
• Judah
• Samaria

{{div col end}}

• Related Bible parts: Hosea 6, Hosea 8

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{Cite book

|last = Collins

|first = John J.

|title = Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures

|publisher = Fortress Press

|year = 2014

|isbn = 9781451469233

|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ

}}

• {{cite book|last= Day | first= John | chapter = 27. Hosea | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John| editor-last1=Barton |editor1-link = John Barton (theologian) | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman |editor2-link = John Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 571–578 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ| access-date=February 6, 2019}}
• {{Cite book|title = A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature|last = Fitzmyer|first = Joseph A.|author-link= Joseph Fitzmyer |publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC | year = 2008|isbn = 9780802862419|location = Grand Rapids, MI }}
• {{Cite book

|last = Hayes

|first = Christine

|title = Introduction to the Bible

|publisher = Yale University Press

|year = 2015

|isbn = 978-0300188271

|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC

}}

• {{Cite book

| editor-last = Ulrich

| editor-first = Eugene |editor-link= Eugene Ulrich

| title = The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants

| year = 2010

| publisher = Brill

| url = https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls}}

• {{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

• [http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1307.htm Hosea 7 Hebrew with Parallel English]
• [http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16161 Hosea 7 Hebrew with Rashi's Commentary]

• [http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=33&c=7 Hosea 7 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205102247/http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=33&c=7 |date=2017-02-05 }}

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