Hosea 9

The original text was written in Hebrew language. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}} Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, including 4Q82 (4QXII^g; 25 BCE) with extant verses 1–4, 9–17.{{sfn|Ulrich|2010|p=594}}[https://thewaytoyahuweh.com/dead-sea-scrolls/general-info/#hosea Dead sea scrolls - Hosea]{{sfn|Fitzmyer|2008|p=39}}[https://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/manuscript/4Q82-1 4Q82 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}{{efn|The Book of Hosea is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.{{cite book| last= Shepherd|first= Michael |title= A Commentary on the Book of the Twelve: The Minor Prophets | series= Kregel Exegetical Library | publisher= Kregel Academic | year= 2018 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_iNZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|isbn= 978-0825444593 | page= 13}}}}

This chapter is divided into 17 verses.

Verses 1-9 and 14-17 are words attributed to Hosea forming "a prophetic diatribe" against religious practice in Ephraim (i.e. the Kingdom of Israel). In verses 10-13 God speaks directly.{{sfn|Day|2007|p=576}}

:Do not rejoice, O Israel, with joy like other peoples,

:For you have played the harlot against your God.

:You have made love for hire on every threshing floor.{{bibleverse|Hosea|9:1|NKJV}}: New King James Version

The "rejoicing ... like other peoples" refers to Israel's festal worship.{{sfn|Day|2007|p=576}} The Good News Translation renders this text as People of Israel, stop celebrating your festivals like pagans.{{bibleverse|Hosea|9:1|GNT}}: Good News Translation

: They have deeply corrupted themselves,

:: as in the days of Gibeah:

: therefore he will remember their iniquity,

:: he will visit their sins.{{bibleverse|Hosea|9:9|KJV}}: King James Version

The "days of Gibeah" refers to the "abominable acts" done to the concubine of a Levite (Judges 19), which almost brought the tribe of Benjamin into extinction, except six hundred men.Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Old Testament. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.{{PD-notice}}Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. 1871.{{PD-notice}}

: As for Ephraim, their glory shall fly away like a bird,

:: from the birth, and from the womb, and from the conception.{{bibleverse|Hosea|9:11|KJV}}: KJV

• "Fly away like a bird": The "double fruitfulness" of Ephraim because of the fertile land and the multiplication of their population; was to vanish quickly and entirely, like birds swiftly fly out of sight. The calamity is further expressed in anti-climactic way - no child-bearing, no pregnancy, no conception (cf. {{bibleverse|Deuteronomy|32:25|9}}.Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890.{{PD-notice}}John Gill. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible. Exposition of the Old and New Testament. Published in 1746-1763.{{PD-notice}}

{{Portal|Bible}}

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}

• Assyria
• Baal-Peor
• Egypt
• Ephraim
• Gibeah
• Gilgal
• Israel
• Memphis
• Samaria
• Tyre

{{div col end}}

• Related Bible parts: Numbers 25, Judges 19, Hosea 6, Hosea 7, Hosea 8

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{Cite book

|last = Collins

|first = John J.

|title = Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures

|publisher = Fortress Press

|year = 2014

|isbn = 9781451469233

|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ

}}

• {{cite book|last= Day | first= John | chapter = 27. Hosea | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John| editor-last1=Barton |editor1-link = John Barton (theologian) | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman |editor2-link = John Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 571–578 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ| access-date=February 6, 2019}}
• {{Cite book|title = A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature|last = Fitzmyer|first = Joseph A.|author-link= Joseph Fitzmyer |publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC | year = 2008|isbn = 9780802862419|location = Grand Rapids, MI }}
• {{Cite book

|last = Hayes

|first = Christine

|title = Introduction to the Bible

|publisher = Yale University Press

|year = 2015

|isbn = 978-0300188271

|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC

}}

• {{Cite book

| editor-last = Ulrich

| editor-first = Eugene |editor-link= Eugene Ulrich

| title = The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants

| year = 2010

| publisher = Brill

| url = https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls}}

• {{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

• [http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1309.htm Hosea 9 Hebrew with Parallel English]
• [http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16163 Hosea 9 Hebrew with Rashi's Commentary]

• [http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=33&c=9 Hosea 9 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207114327/http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=33&c=9 |date=2017-02-07 }}

{{Book of Hosea}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hosea 09}}

09

Category:Phoenicians in the Hebrew Bible