International Docking Adapter#IDA-2

Prior to IDA several different docking adapters were designed to fill a similar role but were never implemented.

The APAS to LIDS Adaptor System (ATLAS) was announced in 2008.{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/nasa-develops-new-docking-system-for-constellation-220598/|title=NASA develops new docking system for Constellation|last=Coppinger|first=Rob|date=4 Jan 2008|publisher=Flightglobal|access-date=19 January 2015|location=London}} It would have been placed on the open PMAs and converted APAS-95 to the Low Impact Docking System (LIDS). ATLAS was planned to be launched on Orion's first two missions to the International Space Station. Orion's missions to the ISS were later canceled altogether and its role as a crew transporter was replaced by the Commercial Crew Program.{{cite web|url=http://spacenews.com/40957orion-no-backup-for-commercial-crew-says-bolden/|title=Orion No Backup for Commercial Crew, Says Bolden|last=Klotz|first=Irene|date=18 June 2014|publisher=SpaceNews|access-date=28 February 2015}}

File:Common Docking Adapter.png

The Common Docking Adapter (CDA) was announced in 2009.{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=32552|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150228070152/http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=32552|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 February 2015|title=Recovery Act: United States On-orbit Segment Phase II Development of International Space Station Common Docking Adapter|date=7 Oct 2009|publisher=SpaceRef|access-date=28 February 2015}} It was planned to be used to convert the Common Berthing Mechanism to the NASA Docking System.{{cite web|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20110005478.pdf|title=NASA Docking System (NDS) Technical Integration Meeting|last=Hatfield|first=Skip|date=17 Nov 2010|publisher=NASA|access-date=28 February 2015}} The CDAs would have been attached directly to Node-2 forward and Node-2 zenith. They would have been delivered on the Japanese HTV cargo spacecraft.

IDA converts APAS-95 to the NASA Docking System (which complies with the International Docking System Standard) and allows the transfer of crew, cargo, power and data.{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/docking-adapter-sets-stage-for-commercial-crew-craft|title=Docking Adapter Sets Stage for Commercial Crew Craft|last=Siceloff|first=Steven|date=27 June 2015|publisher=NASA|access-date=28 June 2015|location=Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA|archive-date=29 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629190839/http://www.nasa.gov/feature/docking-adapter-sets-stage-for-commercial-crew-craft/|url-status=dead}} IDA has a mass of {{convert|526|kg|lb|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|42|in|cm|order=flip|abbr=on}} and a width of {{convert|63|in|cm|order=flip|abbr=on}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/spacex_crs7_mission_overview.pdf|title=SpaceX CRS-7 Mission Overview|date=June 2015|publisher=NASA|access-date=28 June 2015|archive-date=11 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511054212/https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/spacex_crs7_mission_overview.pdf|url-status=dead}} When including the docking targets, laser retro-reflectors and related systems that are arrayed around the outer perimeters, the outer diameter is about {{convert|94|in|cm|order=flip|abbr=on}}.

Boeing is the primary contractor for the IDAs and the adapters were assembled at their Houston Product Support Center.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6GmuRY5bHA&t=43m44s|title=SpaceX Pre-Launch Briefing from NASA's Kennedy Space Center|date=27 June 2015|publisher=NASA|access-date=28 June 2015}}{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2qtIfuoyig|title= Space Station Live: The ABCs of IDA (video)|date=20 Feb 2015|publisher=NASA|access-date=28 February 2015}} Parts from subcontractors came from 25 American states and the primary structure is from Russian company RSC Energia.

Each IDA was delivered as unpressurized cargo in the trunk of a SpaceX Dragon 1. When each IDA arrived, Dextre removed it from Dragon's trunk and moved it to about {{convert|1|ft|cm|order=flip|abbr=on}} from the front of the PMA. It then moved the IDA carefully into position until it was seated on the PMA and held it there. Astronauts during an Extravehicular activity then completed the electrical connections and permanently connect it to the PMA.

IDA-1 was planned to be attached to Node-2's forward PMA. IDA-2 was originally planned to be attached to Node-2's zenith PMA. But following the loss of IDA-1, IDA-2 was instead attached to Node-2's forward PMA (PMA-2).{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/5-Status_of_ISS.pdf|title=HSF Transition from ISS to cis-lunar space and ISS Status|last=Scimemi|first=Sam|date=November 4, 2015|publisher=NASA|access-date=29 November 2015|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208044902/http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/5-Status_of_ISS.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|last1=Harwood|first1=William|title=Spacewalkers attach docking adapter to space station for commercial vehicles|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2016/08/19/spacewalkers-attach-new-port-to-space-station-for-commercial-spacecraft/|access-date=20 August 2016|agency=Spaceflight|date=19 August 2016}} IDA-3, a replacement for IDA-1, is installed at Node-2's zenith PMA (PMA-3).

File:IDA-1 top-angle.jpg

In February 2015, IDA-1 had been transported to the Kennedy Space Center while IDA-2 was still at Boeing's Houston facility. The systems and targets for IDA-1 were put through about a month of tests at the Space Station Processing Facility before being loaded for launch.

IDA-1 was lost during the launch failure of SpaceX CRS-7 on 28 June 2015.{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/672214main_1-Hartman_July12_NAC_Final_508.pdf|title=International Space Station Program Status|last=Hartman|first=Dan|date=23 July 2012|publisher=NASA|access-date=10 August 2012|archive-date=7 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130407033118/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/672214main_1-Hartman_July12_NAC_Final_508.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/ISS-USOS-Program-Status-NAC-Public-July-2014.pdf|title=Status of the ISS USOS|last=Hartman|first=Daniel|date=July 2014|publisher=NASA Advisory Council HEOMD Committee|access-date=26 October 2014|archive-date=18 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218101921/https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/ISS-USOS-Program-Status-NAC-Public-July-2014.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://spacenews.com/docking-adapter-satellites-student-experiments-lost-in-dragon-failure/|title=Docking Adapter, Satellites, Student Experiments Lost In Dragon Failure|last=Foust|first=Jeff|date=28 June 2015|publisher=SpaceNews|access-date=29 June 2015}}

File:IDA-2 pre-flight.jpg

IDA-2 was launched on SpaceX CRS-9 on 18 July 2016.{{cite news |url= http://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/space-exploration-technologies/spacex-launches-seventh-mission-2016-nasas-crs-9/ |title= SpaceX Conducts Second Ground Landing After Launch Of CRS-9 Dragon To ISS |author= Jason Rhian |date= 18 July 2016 |publisher= Spaceflight Insider |access-date= 18 July 2016 |archive-date= 24 July 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160724211831/http://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/space-exploration-technologies/spacex-launches-seventh-mission-2016-nasas-crs-9/ |url-status= dead }} It was attached and connected to PMA-2 during a spacewalk on 19 August 2016. First docking was achieved with the arrival of Crew Dragon Demo-1 on 3 March 2019.{{Cite web |url=https://spacenews.com/crew-dragon-docks-with-iss/ |title=Crew Dragon docks with ISS |author=Jeff Foust |date=3 March 2019 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US |access-date=6 June 2019}}

IDA-3 was launched on the SpaceX CRS-18 mission in July 2019.{{cite web |title=United States Commercial ELV Launch Manifest |url=http://www.sworld.com.au/steven/space/uscom-man.txt |first=Steven |last=Pietrobon |date=August 20, 2018 |access-date=August 21, 2018}} IDA-3 is constructed mostly from spare parts to speed construction.{{cite news |url= https://spaceflightnow.com/2016/05/01/boeing-borrows-from-inventory-to-speed-docking-adapter-delivery/ |title= Boeing borrows from inventory to speed docking adapter delivery |author= Stephen Clark |date= 1 May 2016 |publisher= Spaceflight Now }} It was attached and connected to PMA-3 during a spacewalk on 21 August 2019.{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2019/08/21/spacewalkers-complete-installation-of-second-commercial-docking-port/|title=Spacewalkers Complete Installation of Second Commercial Docking Port – Space Station|website=blogs.nasa.gov|access-date=21 August 2019|archive-date=2 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602183325/https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2019/08/21/spacewalkers-complete-installation-of-second-commercial-docking-port/|url-status=dead}} First docking was achieved with the arrival of SpaceX CRS-21 on 7 December 2020.{{cite web |url=https://spaceexplored.com/2020/12/07/two-spacex-spacecrafts-docked-to-international-space-station-as-dragon-2-joins-crew-dragon/ |title=Two SpaceX spacecrafts docked to International Space Station as Dragon 2 joins Crew Dragon |author=Seth Kurkowski |date=7 December 2020 |website=SpaceExplored.com |language=en-US |access-date=27 January 2021}}

File:IDA attached to PMA.png|Rendering of IDA connected to the PMA-2

File:IDA former planned locations on ISS.png|Pre-IDA-1 loss, planned locations of the IDAs

File:IDA planned locations on ISS.png|Post-IDA-1 loss, current locations of the IDAs

File:Iss072e143839 (Nov 3, 2024) --- The unoccupied space-facing port on the International Space Station's Harmony module is pictured several hours before the SpaceX Dragon Freedom spacecraft would relocate there after und.jpg|IDA-3 (white) attached to the top of PMA-3 (black), which is attached to the zenith berth of the Harmony module

{{commons category|International Docking Adapter}}

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