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Itbayat language

{{Short description|Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Itbayat

|altname=Ibatan

|nativename={{lang|poz-PH|Itbayaten}}

|states=Philippines

|region=Itbayat Island

|ethnicity=Ivatan people
Yami people

|speakers={{sigfig|3,450|2}}

|date=1996 census

|ref={{e18|ivv|Ivatan}}

|familycolor=Austronesian

|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3=Batanic

|fam4=Yami–Itbayat

|iso3=

|glotto=itba1237

|glottorefname=Itbayaten

|map=The Batanic languages.png

|mapcaption=Itbayat and the other Batanic languages

}}

The Itbayat language or Itbayaten (also known generically as Ibatan) is an Austronesian language, in the Batanic group. It is spoken primarily in Itbayat, a municipality in Batanes, Philippines.

Phonology

= Vowels =

{{IPA|/a, ɜ, i, o/}}

Vowels are contrasted between long and short vowels, for example as seen in the words {{Lang|poz-PH|tokod}} ('support') and {{Lang|poz-PH|tookod}} ('a kind of yam').

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Itbayat consonants

! colspan="2" |

!Labial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Uvular

!Glottal

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPA link|m}}

|{{IPA link|n}}

|{{IPA link|ɲ}}

|{{IPA link|ŋ}}

|

|

rowspan="2" |Plosive/
Affricate

!voiceless

|{{IPA link|p}}

|{{IPA link|t}}

|{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}

|{{IPA link|k}}

|

| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ʔ}}

voiced

|{{IPA link|b}}

|{{IPA link|d}}

|{{IPA link|d͡ʒ}}

|{{IPA link|ɡ}}

|

rowspan="2" |Fricative

!voiceless

|({{IPA link|f}})

|{{IPA link|s}}

|

|

|

|{{IPA link|h}}

voiced

|{{IPA link|v}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|ɣ}}

|{{IPA link|ʁ}}

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|

|{{IPA link|l}}

|{{IPA link|j}}

|{{IPA link|w}}

|

|

colspan="2" |Trill

|

|{{IPA link|r}}

|

|

|

|

  • /f/ is only used in loanwords but tends to become /p/.

Grammar

= Pronouns =

The following set of pronouns is found in the Itbayat language.{{Cite book |last=Yamada |first=Yukihiro |url=http://repository.tufs.ac.jp/bitstream/10108/75457/1/ELPR_A3-006.pdf |title=Itbayat–English Dictionary |date=2002 |series=ELPR Publications Series A3-006 |language=en |hdl=10108/75457 |hdl-access=free}}

class="wikitable"

|+Itbayat pronouns

! rowspan="2" colspan="3" |

! colspan="2" | Nominative

! colspan="2" | Genitive

! rowspan="2" | Locative

free || bound

! free || bound

rowspan="4" | 1st
person

! colspan="2" | singular

| {{Lang|poz-PH|yaken}}

| {{Lang|poz-PH|ako}}

| {{Lang|poz-PH|ñaken}}

| {{Lang|poz-PH|ko}}

| {{Lang|poz-PH|jaken}}

colspan="2" | dual

| –

| {{Lang|mis|ta}}

| –

| –

| –

rowspan="2" | plural

! inclusive

| {{Lang|mis|yaten}}

| {{Lang|mis|ta}}

| {{Lang|mis|ñaten}}

| {{Lang|mis|ta}}

| {{Lang|mis|jaten}}

exclusive

| {{Lang|mis|yamen}}

| {{Lang|mis|kami}}

| {{Lang|mis|ñamen}}

| {{Lang|mis|namen}}

| {{Lang|mis|jamen}}

rowspan="2" | 2nd
person

! colspan="2" | singular

| {{Lang|mis|imo}}

| {{Lang|mis|ka}}

| {{Lang|mis|nimo}}

| {{Lang|mis|mo}}

| {{Lang|mis|dimo}}

colspan="2" | plural

| {{Lang|mis|imiyo}}

| {{Lang|mis|kamo}}

| {{Lang|mis|nimiyo}}

| {{Lang|mis|miyo}}

| {{Lang|mis|dimiyo}}

rowspan="2" | 3rd
person

! colspan="2" | singular

| –

| –

| {{Lang|mis|niya}}/{{Lang|mis|ña}}

| {{Lang|mis|na}}

| {{Lang|mis|dira}}

colspan="2" | plural

| {{Lang|mis|sira}}

| {{Lang|mis|sira}}

| {{Lang|mis|nira}}

| {{Lang|mis|da}}

| {{Lang|mis|dira}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

{{refbegin}}

  • {{Cite book |last=Yamada |first=Yukihiro |title=A Grammar of the Itbayat Language of the Philippines |date=2014 |location=Himeji, Japan |language=en}}

{{refend}}

{{Philippine languages}}

{{Languages of the Philippines}}

Category:Batanic languages

Category:Languages of Batanes

{{philippine-lang-stub}}