Batanes

The name Batanes is a Hispanicized plural form derived from the Ivatan endonym Batan.{{Citation needed|date=June 2020}}

The ancestors of today's Ivatans descended from Austronesians who migrated to the islands 4,000 years ago during the Neolithic period. They lived in fortified mountain areas called idjangs and drank sugar-cane wine, or palek. They used gold as currency and were farmers, seafarers and boat-builders. Batanes was a major site for the Maritime Jade Road, one of the most extensive sea-based trade networks of a single geological material in the prehistoric world, operating for 3,000 years from 2000 BCE to 1000 CE.Tsang, Cheng-hwa (2000), "Recent advances in the Iron Age archaeology of Taiwan", Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association, 20: 153–158, doi:10.7152/bippa.v20i0.11751Turton, M. (2021). Notes from central Taiwan: Our brother to the south. Taiwan’s relations with the Philippines date back millennia, so it’s a mystery that it’s not the jewel in the crown of the New Southbound Policy. Taiwan Times.Everington, K. (2017). Birthplace of Austronesians is Taiwan, capital was Taitung: Scholar. Taiwan News.Bellwood, P., H. Hung, H., Lizuka, Y. (2011). Taiwan Jade in the Philippines: 3,000 Years of Trade and Long-distance Interaction. Semantic Scholar.

In 1687, the British explorer, privateer, and naturalist William Dampier visited the islands and named them in honour of prominent Dutch and British figures. Itbayat was named "Orange Isle" after William of Orange. Batan was named "Grafton Isle" after Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton. Sabtang Isle was named "Monmouth Isle" after James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth. During his stay in August and September 1687, Dampier made valuable observations about settlement types and subsistence of the inhabitants of the Batanes. He mentioned the existence of terraced and defended settlements on elevated terrain (now known as ijang) and listed various types of types of tubers and vegetables, and pigs and goats as common food sources, but notably no wet rice or cattle.{{Cite book|jstor = j.ctt5hgz91|language=en|title = 4000 Years of Migration and Cultural Exchange|year = 2013|volume = 40|publisher = ANU Press|isbn = 9781925021271}}

In 1783, the Spanish claimed Batanes as part of the Philippines under the rule of Governor-General José Basco y Vargas. Batanes was ruled as part of the Provincia de Cagayan. The Bashi Channel was increasingly used by English East India Company ships and the Spanish authorities brought the islands under their direct administration to prevent them falling under British control.Howard T. Fry, "The Eastern Passage and Its Impact on Spanish Policy in the Philippines, 1758–1790", Philippine Studies, vol.33, First Quarter, 1985, pp.3–21, p.18. The Ivatan remained on their idjang castle-fortresses for some time. In 1790, Governor Guerrero{{Clarify|date=February 2007|reason=The Governor-general of the Philippines at this point in time is Félix Berenguer de Marquina, unless Guerrero refers to a governor of Batanes.}} decreed that Ivatans were to live in the lowlands and leave their remote idjang. In response, the mangpus, or indigenous Ivatan leaders, headed by the Ivatan hero Aman Dangat, revolted against the Spanish invaders.{{cite book |last1=Churchill |first1=Bernardita Reyes |last2=Quiason |first2=Serafin D. |last3=Tan |first3=Samuel K. |title=The Philippine Revolution and Beyond: Papers from the International Conference on the Centennial of the 1896 Philippine Revolution |date=1998 |publisher=Philippine Centennial Commission, National Commission for Culture and the Arts |isbn=9789719201823 |page=586 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pmlxAAAAMAAJ&q=Aman+Dangat |access-date=September 30, 2019 |language=en}}{{verify source |date=June 2023}}

Using guns, the Spanish ended the revolution, killing Aman Dangat and several other Ivatan leaders. Basco and Ivana were the first towns established under full Spanish control. Mahatao was then administered by Basco, while Uyugan and Sabtang, by Ivana. Itbayat was not organized until the 1850s, its coast being a ridge. Soon, Ilocanos came to the islands and integrated with the local population.

Roads, ports, bridges, churches and government buildings were built in this time. Limestone technology used by the Spanish spread to the islands, making bridges strong and fortified. Some of these bridges still remain at Ivana and Mahatao. By 1890, many Ivatans were in Manila, and became ilustrados, who then brought home with them the revolutionary ideas of the Katipunan. These Ivatans, who were then discontented with Spanish rule, killed the ruling General Fortea and declared the end of Spanish rule.{{citation needed|date=April 2020}}

Toward the end of the Spanish administration, Batanes was made a part of Cagayan. Due to historical reasons from that time, some segments of Taiwan society argue that the islands should not belong to the Philippines.{{Cite web |date=2004-09-23 |title=Bashi Strait: a lesson in geography |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2004/09/23/2003204030 |website=Taipei Times}}{{Cite web |date=2013-05-25 |title=Batan isles have never been part of Philippines - Taipei Times |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2013/05/25/2003563102 |website=Taipei Times}}{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Hurng-Yu |date=September 2021 |title=The Pending Territorial Sovereignty of the Batanes Islands: A Taiwan Perspective |url=https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1013251121500119 |journal=Issues & Studies |language=en |volume=57 |issue=3 |doi=10.1142/S1013251121500119 |issn=1013-2511|url-access=subscription }} Batanes was created as a sub-province of Cagayan on August 20, 1907 with the approval of Act No. 1693. In 1909, the new American authorities organized it into an independent province, with the approval of Act No. 1952.{{cite PH act|chamber=Act|number=1952|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13145|title=An Act to Provide for the Establishment of the Province of Batanes; to Amend Paragraph Seven of Section Sixty-eight of Act Numbered Eleven Hundred and Eighty-nine in Certain Particulars; to Authorize the Provincial Board of the Province of Batanes, With the Approval of the Governor-General, to Extend the Time for the Payment Without Penalty of Taxes and Licenses; to Amend Section Five of Act Numbered Fifteen Hundred and Eighty-two, Entitled "the Election Law," by Increasing the Number of Delegates to the Philippine Assembly to Eighty-one, and for Other Purposes|date=May 20, 1909|accessdate=June 30, 2023|ref=Supreme Court E-Library}} During this time, additional public schools were constructed and more Ivatan became aware of their place in the Philippines.

In 1920, the first wireless telegraph was installed, followed by an airfield in 1930. New roads were constructed and the Batanes High School was instituted around this time as well.{{citation needed|date=April 2020}}

Because of their strategic location, the islands were one of the first points occupied by the invading Japanese imperial forces at the outbreak of the Pacific War. On the morning of December 8, 1941, the Batan Task Force from Taiwan landed on the Batan Islands, which became the first American territory occupied by the Japanese. The objective of the invasion - to secure the small airfield outside Basco - was accomplished without resistance. Japanese fighters from Basco took part in the raid on Clark Air Base the following day. Over the next several days, the success of the Japanese bombing of Clark Field rendered a base at Basco unnecessary, and on December 10, 1941, the naval combat force was withdrawn to participate in the invasion of Camiguin.{{cite web|title=The First Landings|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-P-PI/USA-P-PI-6.html|access-date=March 18, 2014}}

As part of an administrative reorganization, the province of Batanes was downgraded to a municipality of Cagayan from 1942 to 1944.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf4qAQAAMAAJ&q=Batanes+abolition|title=Official Gazette Philippines, 1942|work=Official Gazette (Philippines)|page=447-448|date=August 31, 1942|access-date=March 2, 2023|author1=Philippines }}"Pursuant to the authority conferred upon me as Head of the Central Administrative Organization by Order No. 1 in connection with Order No. 3 of the Commander in Chief of the Imperial Japanese Forces in the Philippines and upon the recommendation of the Executive Commission it is hereby ordered that—

1. The Province of Batanes is abolished and the comprising the same as well as the territory thereof shall be annexed to the Province Cagayan.
2. The municipalities of Baler and Casiguran, Province of Tayabas, and the territories thereof are segregated from said province and shall be annexed to the Province of Nueva Ecija.
3. The municipality of Infanta, Province of Tayabas, and the territory thereof are segregated from province and shall be annexed to the Province of Laguna.
4. The Province of Marinduque is abolished and municipalities comprising the same as well as territory thereof shall be annexed to the Province of Tayabas.
5. The Province of Romblon is abolished and the municipalities comprising the same as well the territory thereof shall be annexed to the of Capiz." Upon its restoration, Victor de Padua, an Ilocano who was one of the first School Superintendents on Batan, was made Provincial Governor. Early in 1945, the island was liberated by the Philippine Commonwealth forces of the 1st and 12th Infantry Divisions of the Philippine Commonwealth Army.

Batanes was briefly marred by political violence during the 1969 presidential elections, when the Philippine Constabulary's Special Forces allowed motorcycle-riding goons dubbed the "Suzuki boys" to secure the victory of Rufino Antonio Jr., an ally of President Ferdinand Marcos, as representative of the Lone District of Batanes in the House of Representatives of the Philippines through a campaign of terror and intimidation. The resulting outcry led to the Supreme Court decrying the "rape of democracy" in the province, and annulled Antonio's victory in 1970 in favor of his rival, Jorge Abad.{{Cite web |url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/blood-money-not-gold-honey-birthed-solid-north-part-2/ |title=Blood and money, not gold and honey, birthed Solid North |access-date=13 July 2023 |date=26 June 2022 |work=Rappler}}

In 1984, Pacita Abad, the foremost Ivatan visual artist, became the first woman to be awarded the Ten Outstanding Young Men (TOYM) award, breaking 25 years of male dominance. In her acceptance speech, she said, "it was long overdue that Filipina women were recognized, as the Philippines was full of outstanding women" and referred proudly to her mother.{{Cite web |url=https://www.pacitaabad.com/Activities/Awards.php |title=Pacita Abad: Woman of Color |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627091006/https://www.pacitaabad.com/Activities/Awards.php |url-status=dead }}

File:Oldest House in Ivatan.jpg and coral and its roofing of cogon grass.]]

In 1993, the Batanes Protected Landscape and Seascape, which encompassed the entire province, was listed in the Tentative List of the Philippines for UNESCO World Heritage Site inscription in the future.{{Cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/521/|title=Batanes Protected landscapes and seascapes|first=UNESCO World Heritage|last=Centre|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}

In 1997, the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) was passed in Philippine Congress. The law paved the way for the indigenous territorial rights of the Ivatans. The province has since promoted its Ivatan roots. Part of the Ilocano population has returned to mainland Luzon. On December 7, 2004, Pacita Abad died after finishing her last international artwork while suffering from cancer.{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnet.com/artists/pacita-abad/biography|title=Pacita Abad Biography – Pacita Abad on artnet|website=www.artnet.com}}

A minor dispute between the Philippines and Taiwan erupted in 2007, after Taiwan Times published an editorial written by Tamkang University professor Chen Hurng-yu, claiming that Taiwan has territorial claims over Batanes and encouraging the Taiwanese government to take over the province.{{cite news |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2007/12/23/2003393815 |title=Manila's weak claim to the Batanes |date=December 23, 2007 |author=Chen Hurng-yu |access-date=July 31, 2024 |work=Taipei Times}} This, despite the islands being first claimed by Spanish Philippines in 1783 and later incorporated and administered by the Philippines without any contesting nation since the 18th century.{{cite journal | last=Fry | first=Howard T. | title=The Eastern Passage and Its Impact on Spanish Policy in the Philippines, 1758-1790 | journal=Philippine Studies | publisher=Ateneo de Manila University | volume=33 | issue=1 | year=1985 | issn=0031-7837 | jstor=42632762 | pages=3–21 | url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/42632762 }}

The province has a total area of {{convert|219.01|km2|sp=us}}{{PSGC detail|nscb}} comprising ten islands situated within the Luzon Strait between the Balintang Channel and Taiwan. The islands are sparsely populated and subject to frequent typhoons. The three largest islands, Batan, Itbayat, and Sabtang, are the only inhabited islands.

The northernmost island in the province, also the northernmost land in the entire Philippines, is Mavulis (or Y'ami) Island. Other islands in the chain are Misanga (or North), Ditarem, Siayan, Diogo (or Dinem), Ivuhos, and Dequey. The islands are part of the Luzon Volcanic Arc.

File:Batanes Hills.png

Almost one-half of Batanes is hills and mountains. Batan Island is generally mountainous on the north and southeast. It has a basin in the interior. Itbayat Island slopes gradually to the west, being mountainous and hilly along its northern, eastern coast. On Sabtang, mountains cover the central part, making the island slope outward to the coast.

The islands are situated between the vast expanse of the waters of Bashi Channel and Balintang Channel, where the Pacific Ocean merges with the South China Sea. The area is a sea lane between the Philippines and Japan, China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. It is rich with marine resources, including the rarest sea corals in the world.{{Which|date=May 2012}}

The province is hilly and mountainous, with only {{convert|1,631.5|ha}} or 7.1% of its area level to undulating terrain. 78.2% or 17,994.4 hectares vary from rolling hills to steep and very steep. Forty-two percent (42%) or {{convert|9,734.40|ha}} are steep to very steep land. Because of the terrain of the province, drainage is good and prolonged flooding is non-existent.

The main island of Batan has the largest share of level and nearly level lands, followed by Itbayat and Sabtang, respectively. Itbayat has gently rolling hills and nearly level areas on semi-plateaus surrounded by continuous massive cliffs rising from {{convert|20|to|70|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} above sea level, with no shorelines. Sabtang has its small flat areas spread sporadically on its coasts, while its interior is dominated by steep mountains and deep canyons. Batan Island and Sabtang have intermittent stretches of sandy beaches and rocky shorelines.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}

The terrain of the province, while picturesque at almost every turn, has limited the potential for expansion of agriculture in an already very small province.

File:Batanes Stone house.jpg

Batanes has a tropical climate (Köppen climate classification Am). The average yearly temperature is {{convert|26.0|C|F|1}}. The average monthly temperature ranges from {{convert|22.0|C|F|1}} in January to {{convert|28.5|C|F|1}} in July, similar to that of Southern Taiwan. Precipitation is abundant throughout the year. The rainiest month is August. The driest month is April. November to February are the coldest months.

There is a misconception that Batanes is constantly battered by typhoons.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}} Batanes is mentioned frequently in connection with typhoons, because it holds the northernmost weather station in the Philippines, thus, it is a reference point for all typhoons that enter the Philippine area. In September 2016, Typhoon Meranti impacted the entire province, including a landfall on Itbayat.{{cite news|last1=Clark|first1=Steven|title=Eye of typhoon Meranti passes over Philippines' Itbayat|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/eye-of-typhoon-meranti-passes-over-philippines-itbayat/3125510.html|access-date=September 14, 2016|work=Channel NewsAsia|date=September 14, 2016|archive-date=September 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915183432/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/eye-of-typhoon-meranti-passes-over-philippines-itbayat/3125510.html|url-status=dead}}

Batanes is subdivided into 6 municipalities, all encompassed by a lone congressional district.

File:Ph fil batanes.png

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{{Main|List of barangays in Batanes}}

The 6 municipalities of the province comprise a total of 29 barangays. Ihuvok II in Basco was the most populous in 2010, and Nakanmuan in Sabtang was the least.{{PH census|2010|02}}

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The population of Batanes in the 2020 census was 18,831 people,{{PH census|current|02}}. The population density was {{convert|{{sigfig|18,831/219.01|2}}|PD/km2|disp=or|sp=us}}.

File:Ivatan Woman Inside.jpg

The natives are called Ivatans. They share prehistoric cultural and linguistic commonalities with the Babuyan on Babuyan Island and the Tao people of Orchid Island.

This divided homeland is a result of the Dutch invasion of Taiwan in 1624 (Dutch Formosa) and Spanish invasion in 1626 (Spanish Formosa). The northern half of the Ivatan homeland, Formosa and Orchid Island were part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This area came under Dutch governance. The Dutch were expelled in 1662 by forces of the Chinese Southern Ming dynasty, led by the Chinese pirate Koxinga who then set himself up as the King of Taiwan.

The southern half of the Ivatan homeland, the islands of Batanes, was reinforced and fortified by Spanish refugees from Formosa, before being formally joined in the 18th century with the Spanish government in Manila.

An Ilocano minority population lives in Batanes. Some have left and returned to mainland Luzon.

The main languages spoken in Batanes are Ivatan, which is spoken on the islands of Batan and Sabtang. Itbayaten is spoken primarily on the island of Itbayat. The Ivatan which is dominant in the province is considered to be one of the Austronesian languages. From college level down to elementary level, the language is widely spoken.[http://www.batanesonline.com/LiteraryArts/IvatanLanguage.htm www.BatanesOnline.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212194455/http://www.batanesonline.com/LiteraryArts/IvatanLanguage.htm |date=December 12, 2007 }} Ilocano, the lingua franca of northern Luzon, is also widely spoken and understood by the Ivatans. The Ivatans also speak and understand Tagalog and English.

Ivatan-speaking communities can be found in other parts of the country, mainly in mainland Luzon, as well as overseas.

File:Goats in Batanes.png

An extensive survey of the ecology of Batanes{{cite web|url=http://www.quantum-conservation.org/BatanesSurvey20082.htm|title=Final Report Batanes Biodiversity Survey|website=quantum-conservation.org|access-date=March 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113171159/http://www.quantum-conservation.org/BatanesSurvey20082.htm|archive-date=January 13, 2017|url-status=dead}} provided the scientific basis for confirming the need for a national park in Batanes protecting the Batanes protected landscapes and seascapes, proposed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, submitted in August 1993. An effort is underway to declare the whole province, along with the sugar central sites in Negros, as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/?pattern=philippines|title=UNESCO World Heritage Centre - Tentative Lists|first1=UNESCO World Heritage|last1=Centre|website=whc.unesco.org|access-date=March 31, 2018}}

The province is the home of the unique conifer species Podocarpus costalis. Although it is reportedly growing in some other places such as coasts of Luzon, Catanduanes and even Taiwan, full blossoming and fruiting are observed only in Batanes. Its fruiting capacity on the island remains a mystery but is likely due to several factors such as climate, soil and type of substratum of the island.

Several species of birds, bats, reptiles and amphibians inhabit the island. Many of those are endemic to the Philippines. The island is a sanctuary for different migratory birds during winter in the Northern Hemisphere. The Batanes archipelago, along with the nearby Babuyan Islands, have been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because they support significant populations of resident Taiwan green pigeons, Ryukyu scops-owls and short-crested monarchs, Chinese egrets on passage, and wintering yellow buntings.{{cite web |url= https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/batanes-islands-iba-philippines|title=Batanes Islands|author= |date=2024|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 2024-10-16}}

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About 75% of the Ivatans are farmers and fishermen. The rest are employed in the government and services sector. Garlic and cattle are major cash crops. Ivatans plant camote (sweet potato), cassava, gabi or tuber and a unique variety of white uvi. Sugarcane is raised to produce palek, a kind of native wine, and vinegar.{{Cite web|last1=Boston|first1=677 Huntington Avenue|last2=Ma 02115 +1495‑1000|date=December 13, 2017|title=Vinegar|url=https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/food-features/vinegar/|access-date=October 9, 2021|website=The Nutrition Source|language=en-us}}

In recent years, fish catch has declined due to the absence of technical know-how. Employment opportunities are scarce. Most of the educated Ivatans have migrated to urban centers or have gone abroad.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

A wind diesel generating plant was commissioned in 2004.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

Distance and bad weather work against its economic growth. Certain commodities like rice, soft drinks, and gasoline carry a 75% to 100% mark-up over Manila retail prices.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

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The island province of Batanes is accessible by air, via Basco Airport and Itbayat Airport. There are daily flights from Manila by Philippine Airlines bound to Basco Airport at Batan Island. There are also flights from Tuguegarao City (Cagayan) by Sky Pasada as of 2024. These two airlines make Batan Island accessible from the mainland via air travel. The other local airlines previously serving Basco Airport have stopped their transport services after the COVID 19 Pandemic. As of 2024, PAL Express has flown to Batanes since May 2013. Meanwhile, Itbayat, an island Municipality of the Province of Batanes, is accessible via Basco Airport. There are no direct flights from the mainland to Itbayat. Itbayat may also be accessed via ferry boats from Basco. Meanwhile, Sabtang, also an island municipality like Itbayat, is accessible via ferry boats from Batan Island, particularly from Ivana Port, a Municipality in the main Island of Batan.

The Ivatan people of Batanes are one of the most egalitarian societies in the Philippines. The prime motivator of the cultural values of the Ivatans are imbibed in their pre-colonial belief systems of respecting nature and all people. The Ivatans, both the older and younger generations, have one of the highest incidences of social acceptance to minority groups in the country.

The Ivatans have a high respect for the elderly and the prowess of natural phenomena such as waves, sea breeze, lightning, thunders, earthquakes, and wildlife congregations. Discriminating someone based on skin color, ethnic origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, and traditions on nature is unacceptable in Ivatan values. Land grabbing is a grave crime in Ivatan societies, making ancestral domain certification an important part of Ivatan jurisprudence since the enactment of the IPRA Law. {{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

{{Specific section|date=June 2016}}

The entire province is listed in the UNESCO tentative list for inscription in the World Heritage List. The government has been finalizing the site's inscription, establishing museums and conservation programs since 2001. Seven intangible heritage elements of the Ivatan have been set by the Philippine government in its initial inventory in 2012. The elements are undergoing a process to be included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.

A branch of the National Museum of the Philippines is located in Uyugan.{{Cite web |title=Breathtaking Batanes |url=https://tribune.net.ph/2025/04/06/breathtaking-batanes |website=Daily Tribune |date=April 7, 2025}}

File:Sabtang Island, Batanes.JPG island]]

• Sabtang Island is undisturbed and unspoiled. It has intermittent white sand beaches with steep mountains and deep canyons with small level areas sporadically found along the coastline. Southwest of Batan Island, Sabtang is accessible by 30-minute falowa ride from Radiwan Port in Ivana. Sabtang Island is also the take-off point for Ivuhos Island from Barangay Nakanmuan.
• Itbayat Island is located north of Batan Island. Itbayat is shaped like a giant bowl. The island is surrounded by massive boulders and cliffs rising from {{convert|20|to(-)|70|ft|m|abbr=off}} above sea level and has no shoreline. It has a dirt airstrip for light aircraft. A regular ferry runs the Batan-Itbayat route. Travel time is about four hours by falowa from Basco Seaport. A light plane flies from Basco Airport to Itbayat at around P1,875 per person and leaves only when the plane is full.
• Batan Island is the most populated island of the province. It is composed of four municipalities: Basco, Ivana, Uyugan, and Mahatao. Basco is the center of commerce and the seat of the provincial government.
• Mount Iraya is a dormant volcano standing at {{convert|1,517|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} whose last eruption was recorded in 505 AD. Mountaineering, trekking, and trailblazing are recommended sports activities on the mountain. Walking distance from Basco, the top of Mt. Iraya can be reached in about three hours.
• Mavulis Island is the northernmost island of Batanes. From this location, one can see Formosa (Taiwan) on a clear day. Tatus or coconut crabs abound on the island surrounded by rich marine life.
• Di-atay Beach is a cove with multi-colored rocks and white sand ideal for picnics and beachcombing. Located along the highway of Mahatao, it is {{convert|9.85|km|mi|2|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco.
• Songsong in Chadpidan Bay is an hour of exhilarating trek from Basco proper ({{convert|3|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}}). It is famous for its beautiful sunset view.
• Naidi Hills is walking distance from Basco.
• Chawa Cave is for the more adventurous. An enchanted cave with a natural salt bed whose mouth opens to the south China Sea and is accessible through the boulders of Chawa Point in Mahatao. It is {{convert|4|km|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco.
• Sitio Diura at Racuj-a-Ide is the fishermen's village at Mananoy Bay. Fishing season is marked by a festival in mid-March called Kapayvanuvanua. Visitors are treated with fresh fish delicacies from the Pacific Ocean. Within the area is the legendary Spring of Youth and living cave with crystal limestone formations. The bay is {{convert|9|km|mi|spell=in|abbr=off}} from Basco.
• Nakabuang Cave is {{convert|5.5|km|mi|1|abbr=off|sp=us}} from San Vicente Centro in Sabtang.
• Mt. Matarem is an extinct volcano {{convert|495|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} at its summit. It is {{convert|8|km|mi|spell=in|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco.
• White Beach at Vatang, Hapnit, and Mavatuy Point, all in Mahatao.
• Storm-proof Stone houses in Batanes many residents during typhoon made up their already-fortified houses with wood and secured the roofs with nets and ropes. This was done to ensure that the structures—which symbolize the Ivatan's strength and resilience against disasters—outlast the high-pressure winds of a typhoon that is expected to unleash. Tapangkos or covering were also installed on the doors and windows of several buildings in Batanes, including the capitol building. During heavy storms, it was also a time for Bayanihan of the residents as they helped each other tie-down roofs.

• Radar Tukon was a United States weather station on a hilltop. It offers a magnificent 360-degree view of Batan Island, the South China Sea, Mt. Iraya, Basco proper, boulder lined cliffs and the Pacific Ocean. At present, it houses the northernmost weather station in the Philippines, the Basco Radar Station, and is only {{convert|2.75|km|mi|2|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco.
• Old Loran Station housed a US Coast Guard detachment for almost two decades and is about {{convert|25|km|mi|0|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco.
• Ruins Of Songsong is a ghost barangay which is a cluster of roofless shells of old stone houses abandoned after a tidal wave that hit the island of Batan in the 1950s. It has a long stretch of beach. The ruins are {{convert|23|km|mi|0|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco.
• San Jose Church in Ivana was built in 1814. It has a crenelated fortress-like campanile. The church fronts the Ivana Seaport and is {{convert|14|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco.
• Kanyuyan Beach & Port at Baluarte Bay in Basco is the port of call of the cargo ships bringing goods from Manila.
• San Carlos Borromeo Church and a convent at Mahatao are {{convert|6|km|mi|spell=in|abbr=off|sp=us}} from Basco. It was completed in 1789 and still retains its centuries-old features.
• Idjangs or fortified stone fortresses where the native Ivatans' ancestors migrated to Batanes as early as 4,000 BC lived in them for defensive cover.
• Fundacion Pacita is a lodging house and restaurant, which was formerly owned by Pacita Abad, the most iconic Ivatan visual artist. The house has been redecorated and filled with numerous art works of Pacita Abad after she died in 2004.

• Radiwan Point at Ivana Seaport is where the Katipuneros landed on September 18, 1898. It is also the ferry station of the falowas plying the islands of Sabtang and Itbayat.
• Boat-shaped Stone Grave Markers, Chuhangin Burial Site, Ivuhos Island, Sabtang, Batanes
• Chavulan Burial Jar Site, Ivuhos Island, Sabtang Island
• Arrangement of Stone with Holes, Sumnanga, Sabtang
• Columnar Stones, Post Holes, Stone Anchors, Itbud Idyang, Uyugan, Batanes
• Arrangement of Stone Walls, Idyang Site, Basco, Batanes
• Paso Stone Formation, Ivuhos Island, Sabtang, Batanes
• Columnar Stone with Holes, Mahatao, Batanes

In 2012, the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the ICHCAP of UNESCO published Pinagmulan: Enumeration from the Philippine Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The first edition of the UNESCO-backed book included (1) Laji, (2) Kapayvanuvanuwa Fishing Ritual, (3) Kapangdeng Ritual, (4) Traditional Boats in Batanes, (5) Sinadumparan Ivatan House Types, (6) Ivatan Basketry, and (7) Ivatan (Salakot) Hat Weaving, signifying their great importance to Philippine intangible cultural heritage. The local government of Batanes, in cooperation with the NCCA, is given the right to nominate the 7 distinct elements into the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.{{cite web|url=http://www.ichcap.org/eng/ek/sub3/sub2.php|title=ICHCAP - e-Knowledge Center|website=www.ichcap.org|access-date=March 31, 2018|archive-date=February 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201213333/http://www.ichcap.org/eng/ek/sub3/sub2.php|url-status=dead}}

File:Old Spanish Bridge.png|An old Spanish bridge in Ivana

File:Valuga Beach.png|A rocky shore in Batanes

File:Gloomy Sky Over the Lighthouse.png|Gloomy sky over the lighthouse in Basco

File:Ivatan Man.jpg|An Ivatan holding one of many types of traditional Ivatan baskets

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{sister project links|n=no|q=no|s=no|b=no|v=no|voy=yes|d=yes}}

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• {{OSM relation|1506352}}
• [http://ecai.org/batanesatlas/ Batanes Islands Cultural Atlas]
• [http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Tagalog_Default_files/Philippine_Culture/Regional%20Cultures/northern_luzon_cultures.htm Northern Luzon cultures] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223044734/http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Tagalog_Default_files/Philippine_Culture/Regional%20Cultures/northern_luzon_cultures.htm |date=December 23, 2020 }}
• [http://batanestravelandtours.com Batanes Travel and Tours]
• [http://outoftownblog.com/batanes-travel-guide-explore-breathtaking-batanes/ Batanes Budget Travel Guide]
• [http://www.pinoyadventurista.com/2013/05/travel-tip-guide-on-planning-trip-to-batanes.html TRAVEL TIP: A Guide on Planning a Trip to Batanes]

{{Geographic location

| North=Pingtung County, {{flag|Taiwan}}
Bashi Channel (Luzon Strait)

| West=South China Sea

| Center=Batanes

| East=Philippine Sea

| South=Balintang Channel (Luzon Strait)
Cagayan

}}

{{Batanes|state=expanded}}

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