John 10

File:Papyrus 6 (John 10,1-10).jpg, written {{circa}} AD 350]]

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 42 verses. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:

• Papyrus 75 (AD 175–225)
• Papyrus 66 (~200)
• Codex Vaticanus (325–350)
• Papyrus 6 (~350; extant: Greek verses 1–2, 4–7, 9–10; Coptic verses 1–12, 20){{Cite book

|last1=Aland

|first1=Kurt

|authorlink=Kurt Aland

| last2 = Aland

| first2 = Barbara

| authorlink2 = Barbara Aland

| others = Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.)

|title=The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism

|publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

|year=1995

|location=Grand Rapids

|page=96

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2pYDsAhUOxAC

|isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1}}

• Codex Sinaiticus (330–360)
• Codex Bezae (~400)
• Codex Alexandrinus (400–440)

• {{bibleverse|John|10:11|KJV}}: {{bibleverse|Isaiah|40:11|KJV}}, {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|34:23|KJV}}{{cite web|url=https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Iohn_10_1611/|title=Biblical concordances of John 10 in the 1611 King James Bible}}
• {{bibleverse|John|10:22|KJV}}: {{bibleverse|1 Maccabees|4:59|KJV}}
• {{bibleverse|John|10:34|KJV}}: Psalm {{bibleverse-nb|Psalm|82:6|KJV}}{{cite book|last= Kirkpatrick| first= A. F. | authorlink=Alexander Kirkpatrick| title= The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes |series=The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges | volume = Book IV and V: Psalms XC-CL | place = Cambridge |publisher= At the University Press | year = 1901 | pages = 839 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=SLJzlHElr6cC | access-date= February 28, 2019}}

Events recorded in this chapter refer to the following locations:

• Jerusalem ({{bibleverse||John|10:22-39|NKJV}})
• The east bank of Jordan River, the place where John the Baptist was baptizing at first. ({{bibleverse||John|10:40-42|NKJV}})

In verses {{bibleverse|John|10:1–5|NKJV|1–5}}, Jesus uses a parable,John 10:6, King James Version and Authorised Version illustration{{bibleverse|John|10:6|NKJV}}, New King James Version and God's Word Translation or "figure of speech"{{bibleverse|John|10:6|ESV}}, English Standard Version regarding the manner in which a true shepherd enters his sheepfold, through the door or the gate, unlike the manner of a thief or a stranger. H. W. Watkins notes that "the word rendered 'parable' (in verse 6) is the wider word ({{langx|el|παροιμία}}, paroimia) which includes every kind of figurative and proverbial teaching, every kind of speech ... which departs from the usual course ({{langx|el|οἶμος}}, oimos)". The word παραβολα (parabola) is not used in John's Gospel.Watkins, H. W. (1905), [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/ellicott/john/10.htm Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers] on John 10, accessed 17 May 2016

Jesus begins:

:Very truly I tell you Pharisees, anyone who does not enter the sheep pen by the gate, but climbs in by some other way, is a thief and a robber.{{bibleverse|John|10:1|NIV}}: New International Version

The Pharisees are not mentioned in the Greek text (λεγω υμιν,{{bibleverse|John|10:1|WHNU}}: Westcott-Hort New Testament legō humin, "I speak to you") but they are mentioned in the New International Version (NIV) in continuity with John 9:40, where "some Pharisees" had spoken with Jesus. The NIV and the Jerusalem Bible also confirm in verse 6 that the Pharisees are the group Jesus is addressing.{{bibleverse|John|10:6|NIV}}: NIVJerusalem Bible (1966), Footnote b at John 10:6 German Protestant theologian Heinrich Meyer argues that these verses continue from chapter 9 "without the slightest indication of a change having taken place", and that ideally the chapter break would have been inserted at John 9:35.Meyer, H. A. W. (1880), [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/meyer/john/10.htm Meyer's NT Commentary] on John 10, translated from the German sixth edition, accessed 25 May 2019 Henry Alford likewise connects this pericope with John 9:35-41.Alford, H., [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/alford/john/10.htm Greek Testament Critical Exegetical Commentary - Alford] on John 10, accessed 12 August 2022

In this illustration, the true shepherd "enters the sheepfold by the door" and "calls his own sheep by name and leads them out ({{langx|el|ἐξάγει αὐτά}})" ({{bibleverse|John|10:1,3|NKJV}}). The alternative way in, taken by the thief or stranger, is to "climb up some other way", i.e. to climb over the wall of the sheepfold.{{bibleverse|John|10:1|AMP}}: Amplified Bible The narrative is introduced "very truly" or "most assuredly".{{bibleverse||John|10:1|NKJV}}: NKJV Jesus' audience ("they", verse 6) did not understand what he was saying, and did not understand that he was applying the reference to thieves and robbers (verse 1) to themselves.

In its reference to the shepherd leading the flock out of the sheepfold, verse 3 has the only occurrence in the New Testament of the word ἐξάγει (exagei) ,[http://biblehub.com/greek/exagei_1806.htm Englishman's Concordance], accessed 18 May 2016 The Ethiopic version adds "and loves them" to verse 3.Gill, J., [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/gill/john/10.htm Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible] on John 10, accessed 18 May 2016

In verse 7, Jesus "feels compelled" to start again (πάλιν, palin). He describes himself here and in verse 9 as "the door of the sheep",{{bibleverse|John|10:7|NKJV}}: NKJV and in {{bibleref2-nb|John|10:11|NKJV}} and {{bibleref2-nb|John|10:14|NKJV}} as "the good shepherd". The word in {{langx|el|θύρα}} is translated as "door" in the King James Version and the American Standard Version, but as "gate" in the New Revised Standard Version, the Common English Bible and other translations.Translations accessed at BibleGateway.com In verse 7, the Textus Receptus adds that Jesus said to them ({{langx|el|αὐτοῖς}}) but this addition is generally agreed to be "of doubtful authority".Plummer, A., [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/john/10.htm Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges] on John 10, cf. Watkins, H. W., [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/ellicott/john/10.htm Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers] on John 10, both accessed 24 May 2016

:Others said, "These are not the words of one who has a demon. Can a demon open the eyes of the blind?"{{bibleverse|John|10:21|NKJV}}: NKJV

This verse further reiterates the continuity between this chapter and the dialogue following the healing of the man born blind in John 9.

Verse 22 refers to Hanukkah:

:Now it was the Feast of Dedication in Jerusalem, and it was winter.{{bibleverse|John|10:22|NKJV}}: NKJV

The feast ({{langx|el|τὰ ἐγκαίνια}}, ta egkainia) recalls the Maccabean purification and re-dedication of the Temple, {{bibleverse|1|Maccabees|4:36-51|NABRE}}. The narrative moves forward from the Feast of Tabernacles, when the events and teaching from {{bibleverse|John|7:14|NKJV}} to {{bibleref2-nb|John|10:21|NKJV}} appear to take place.Benson, J., [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/benson/john/10.htm Benson's Commentary] on John 10, accessed 25 May 2019 During the intervening two months, there is no account of whether Jesus remained in Jerusalem or not. In {{bibleref2|John|7:40|NKJV}} we read that Jesus "went away again beyond the Jordan". Meyer identifies a number of commentators who have suggested that there was an additional "journey to Galilee or Peraea" before the feast of dedication, although he himself considers that these suggestions are "dictated by harmonistic presuppositions and clumsy combinations, ... and not by the requirements of exegesis".

Jesus walked in the temple, in Solomon’s porch or colonnade,{{bibleref2|John|10:23|NKJV}}: NKJV a gathering place used by the early church (see {{bibleref2|Acts|3:11|NKJV}} and {{bibleref2-nb|Acts|5:12|NKJV}}) located on the eastern side of the temple.Plummer, A., [http://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/john/10.htm Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges] on John 10, accessed 15 August 2022. Note Plummer's reference to John 5:12 is errorneous

The chapter ends with Jesus evading Jewish attempts to stone him ({{bibleverse|John|10:31,39|NKJV}}) and then leaving Jerusalem ({{bibleverse|John|10:40|NKJV}}) and traveling "beyond the Jordan to the place where John was baptizing at first" (Perea). {{bibleverse||Matthew|19:1|NKJV}} and {{bibleverse||Mark|10:1|NKJV}} similarly record that Jesus traveled "to the region of Judea by the other side of the Jordan", but in the synoptic tradition He had previously been in Capernaum rather than Jerusalem. Perea was a region where many people "came to the decision that He was the Messiah" ({{bibleverse|John|10:42|NKJV}} in the Living Bible translation).

• Hanukkah
• Jerusalem
• Jesus Christ
• John the Baptist
• Jordan River
• Solomon's Porch
• Trinitarian indwelling (related to John 10:38)
• Related Bible parts: Psalm 23, Psalm 82, Ezekiel 34

{{reflist}}

• {{bibleverse|John|10|KJV}} King James Bible - Wikisource
• {{cite web|url=http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=1&b=4&c=10 |title=English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate}}
• {{cite web|url=http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=John+10 |title=Online Bible at GospelHall.org}} (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
• {{cite web|url=http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=50&chapter=10 |title=Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway}} (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)
• {{cite web|url=https://biblehub.com/interlinear/john/10.htm|title=John 10 with interlinear text (GreeK-English)}}
• {{cite web|url=https://www.abarim-publications.com/Interlinear-New-Testament/John/John-10-parsed.html|title=Interlinear (Greek/English) New Testament, translated word by word and with Greek grammar parsing codes}}

{{sequence

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| list = Chapters of the Bible
Gospel of John

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}}

{{Gospel of John}}

John 10