John Burton Cleland

John Burton Cleland was born in Norwood, South Australia a grandson of John Fullerton Cleland and son of Dr William Lennox ClelandChief Medical Officer, Lunacy Department, South Australia : see John's Notable Australians 1906 (1847–1918) and Matilda Lauder Cleland née Burton (1848–1928) a daughter of John Hill Burton FRSE. He attended Prince Alfred College and the universities of Adelaide and Sydney, graduating in medicine in 1900.

Cleland married Dora Isabel Paton (1880–1955) a daughter of Rev David Paton DD (1841–1907), minister of Chalmers Presbyterian Church, North Terrace, Adelaide,{{cite web|title=The Late Dr. Paton|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/5055843|newspaper=Advertiser|date=15 February 1907 |publisher=National Library of Australia|access-date=16 August 2016}} and Isabella Ann McGhie née Robson (1847–1933) and they had four daughters and a son. He encouraged them in the sciences:

• Dr Margaret Burton Cleland MRCS FRACP (1909–2004) who married Dr John Patrick Horan (1907–1993) MD FRCP FRACP;
• Dr William Paton 'Bill' Cleland MB FRCP FRCS (1912–2005), who married Norah Goodhart (1914–1994), became a cardio-thoracic surgeon;{{cite web|last1=Arthur|first1=Hollman|title=William Paton Cleland|url=http://munksroll.rcplondon.ac.uk/Biography/Details/5440|website=Lives of the Fellows|publisher=Royal College of Physicians|access-date=17 August 2016}}
• Joan Burton Cleland (c. 1915–2000) who married Erskine Norman Paton (1922–1985) became an ornithologist;
• Elizabeth Robson Cleland (16 October 1910 – 31 January 2005) married (Alfred) Moxon Simpson (1910–2001) on 3 August 1938. Moxon was a son of Alfred Allen Simpson. Elizabeth Simpson was author of The Hahndorf Walkers and The Clelands of Beaumont
• Barbara Burton Cleland (1913–?), a mathematics graduate who married Prof Andrew John La Nauze (1911–1990)

Sir Donald MacKinnon Cleland CBE (1901–1975), administrator of Papua New Guinea, was his cousin, the son of Elphinstone Davenport Cleveland (1843–1928) and his second wife Anne Emily MacKinnon (1870–1944).{{cite book|last1=Nelson|first1=N H|title=Cleland, Sir Donald Mackinnon (Don) (1901–1975)|chapter=Sir Donald Mackinnon (Don) Cleland (1901–1975) |url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cleland-sir-donald-mackinnon-don-9762|publisher=Australian National University|access-date=19 August 2016}}

He worked as a microbiologist in Western Australia and New South Wales for several years. He was appointed as a full Professor of Pathology at the University of Adelaide, and taught generations of students.[http://www.bmj.com/cgi/reprint/330/7501/1212.pdf Caroline Richmond, "Obituary of William Paton Cleland (1912–2005)"], British Medical Journal, 2005, 330; 1212

Image:John Burton Cleland bronze bust - Cleland Wildlife Park.JPG

Cleland was elected President of the Royal Society of South Australia 1927–1928, and again in 1941. He became a member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) in 1902, and served as its President 1935–1936.

In 1934–35, he published a two-volume monograph on the fungi of South Australia, one of the most comprehensive reviews of Australian fungi to date.

Along with Charles Duguid and Constance Cooke, he was a board member of South Australia's Aborigines Protection Board after its creation in 1940, established by the Aborigines Act Amendment Act (1939) and "charged with the duty of controlling and promoting the welfare" of Aboriginal people.{{cite web|website=SA History Hub|url=https://sahistoryhub.history.sa.gov.au:443/organisations/aborigines-protection-board?hh=1&|title=Aborigines Protection Board|access-date=5 July 2019}}

Cleland led a University of Adelaide anthropological expedition to Nepabunna Mission in the northern Flinders Ranges in May 1937, whose members included Charles P. Mountford as ethnologist and photographer, botanist Thomas Harvey Johnston, virologist Frank Fenner, and others.{{cite web | title=Nepabunna, 1937-39 | website= SA Memory |publisher=State Library of South Australia| date= 28 Oct 2009 | url=https://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=1303 | access-date=13 November 2020}}

Cleland was the pathologist on the infamous Taman Shud Case, in which an unidentified man was discovered dead on a beach 1 December 1948. While Cleland theorised that the man had been poisoned, he found no trace of it. The man was never identified.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}

Cleland became increasingly interested in wildlife conservation and served as commissioner of the Belair National Park in 1928 and as chairman in 1936–65. He chaired the Flora and Fauna Handbooks Committee of South Australia, and with them oversaw the production of a series of descriptive biological manuals, and other books related to flora, fauna and geology.R. V. Southcott, 'Cleland, Sir John Burton (1878–1971)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, [http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cleland-sir-john-burton-5679/text9595], published in hardcopy 1981. Retrieved 18 April 2014.

• 1949, he was elected an Honorary Life Member of the RAOU.
• 1952, he was awarded the Australian Natural History Medallion.
• 1963, he is commemorated by the Cleland Wildlife Park (now within Cleland National Park).{{Citation | author1=South Australia. National Parks and Wildlife Service | title=Cleland Conservation Park management plan : Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia | date=1983 | publisher=Department of Environment and Planning, South Australia | isbn=978-0-7243-4556-4 |page=32|url=https://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/sharedassets/public/park-management/parks_pdfs_cleland_cp_mp.pdf }}
• The J.B. Cleland Kindergarten in St Georges, South Australia is also named after him.{{cite journal |last1=Southcott |first1=R.V. |date= 1971 |title=Obituary: John Burton Cleland, Kt. CBE., M.D., Ch.M, F.R.A.C.P. 22.vi.1878-11.viii.1971. |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41079047#page/266/mode/1up |journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia |volume= 95|issue= 4|pages=243- |doi= |access-date=9 December 2024 |quote=A comparatively minor honour which Cleland valued was having a kindergarten in the neighbouring suburb of Beaumont named after him.}}

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{{botanist|Cleland}}

• List of mycologists
• Fungi of Australia
• :Category:Taxa named by John Burton Cleland

{{Reflist}}

• Condon, H.T. (1972). Obituary. John Burton Cleland. Emu 72: 117–118.
• Robin, Libby. (2001). The Flight of the Emu: a hundred years of Australian ornithology 1901–2001. Carlton, Vic. Melbourne University Press. {{ISBN|0-522-84987-3}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928013838/http://www.samuseum.australia.sa.com/aa060/index.html Online Guide to Records at the South Australian Museum Archives].
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050624131437/http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/ual/special/cleland.html Papers of Sir John Burton Cleland].
• [http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P000313b.htm Biographical entry for John Burton Cleland] Bright Sparcs.
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120322210735/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cleland-sir-john-burton-5679 Sir John Burton Cleland] Australian Dictionary of Biography.
• [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41079047 Cleland obituary]
• [https://members.racp.edu.au/page/library/college-roll/college-roll-detail&id=312 RACP Members: Cleland biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818190845/https://members.racp.edu.au/page/library/college-roll/college-roll-detail%26id%3D312 |date=18 August 2016 }}

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Category:1878 births

Category:1971 deaths

Category:Australian mycologists

Category:Australian ornithologists

Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire

Category:Knights Bachelor

Category:People educated at Prince Alfred College