Kaby Lake#Amber Lake

As with previous Intel processors (such as the 8088, Banias, Dothan, Conroe, Sandy Bridge, Ivy Bridge, and Skylake), Kaby Lake's development was led by Intel's Israeli team, based in Haifa.{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/haifa-team-sires-intels-fastest-ever-processor/|title=Haifa team sires Intel's 'fastest-ever' processor|last=Solomon|first=Shoshanna|date=30 August 2016|newspaper=The Times of Israel|access-date=27 August 2018}} Intel Israel Development Centers manager Ran Senderovitz said: "When we started out on the project, we were only thinking about basic improvements from the previous generation. But we began looking at things differently with a lot of innovation and determination and we achieved major improvements." He added that the performance of the seventh generation chips was improved by 12% for applications and 19% for Internet use compared with the sixth generation chips.{{Cite news|url=https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-intels-israel-team-has-done-it-again-1001149339|title=Intel's Israel team has done it again|date=31 August 2016|newspaper=Globes|access-date=27 August 2018}} Third-party benchmarks do not confirm these percentages as far as gaming is concerned.{{Cite web|url=https://www.pcgamesn.com/intel/intel-kaby-lake-benchmarks|title=Intel Core i7 7700K benchmark preview|last=James|first=Dave|website=Pcgamesn.com|date=December 15, 2016 |access-date=27 August 2018}}

Built on an improved 14 nm process (14FF+), Kaby Lake features faster CPU clock speeds, clock speed changes, and higher Turbo frequencies. Beyond these process and clock speed changes, little of the CPU architecture has changed from Skylake,{{cite news|last1=Kampman|first1=Jeff|title=Intel's Kaby Lake CPUs revealed|url=https://techreport.com/review/30587/intel-kaby-lake-cpus-revealed|access-date=August 30, 2016|publisher=Tech Report|date=August 30, 2016}} resulting in identical IPC (Instructions Per Clock).

Kaby Lake features a new graphics architecture to improve performance in 3D graphics and 4K video playback.{{cite news|last1=Cutress|first1=Ian|last2=Ganesh|first2=TS|title=Intel Announces 7th Gen Kaby Lake|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/10610/intel-announces-7th-gen-kaby-lake-14nm-plus-six-notebook-skus-desktop-coming-in-january|access-date=August 30, 2016|website=Anandtech.com|date=August 30, 2016}}

{{cite web

| url=http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2015/06/29/intel-corporation-is-doing-something-smart-with-it.aspx

| title=Intel Corporation Is Doing Something Smart with Its Upcoming Kaby Lake Chip

| first=Ashraf

| last=Eassa

| date=August 29, 2015

| website=The Motley Fool

| access-date=July 27, 2016}} It adds native HDCP 2.2 support,{{cite web

| url=https://benchlife.info/intel-kaby-lake-scedule-show-10nm-cannonlake-will-push-back-to-2018-10162015/

| title=Kaby Lake 存活至 2018 年，Intel 10nm 計劃產品再推遲

| author=Chris L

| date=October 16, 2015

| access-date=July 27, 2016}}

along with fixed function decode of H.264 (AVC), HEVC Main and Main10/10-bit, and VP9 10-bit and 8-bit video.

{{cite web

| url=https://benchlife.info/intel-kaby-lake-will-use-200-series-pch-11162015/

| title=Z170 主機板也能用，Kaby Lake 平台搭配 200 系列晶片

| author=qhua

| date=November 16, 2015

| access-date=July 27, 2016}}{{cite web

| url=https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/whats-new-in-intel-media-sdk-r2

| title=What's New in Intel Media SDK 2016 R2

| author=Harsh Jain

| date=June 6, 2016

| publisher=Intel

| access-date=July 27, 2016}}{{cite web

| url=https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/mediasdk_release_notes.pdf

| title=Intel Media Software Development Kit 2016, R2, Release Notes Version (7.0.0.358)

| date=June 6, 2016

| publisher=Intel| access-date=July 27, 2016}} Hardware encode is supported for H.264 (AVC), HEVC Main10/10-bit, and VP9 8-bit video. VP9 10-bit encode is not supported in hardware. Both OpenGL 4.6 and OpenCL 3.0 are now supported.{{cite web|url=https://downloadmirror.intel.com/795883/ReleaseNotes_101.2127_WHQL.pdf|title=Release Notes : DRIVER VERSION: 31.0.101.2127|website=Downloadmirror.intel.com|access-date=1 February 2024}}

Kaby Lake is the first Core architecture to support hyper-threading for the Pentium-branded desktop CPU SKU. Kaby Lake also features the first overclocking-enabled i3-branded CPU.

Kaby Lake features the same CPU core and performance per MHz as Skylake. Features specific to Kaby Lake include:

• Intel claims 10x performance/Watt over Nehalem (up from 8x on Skylake){{Cite web|title=Kaby Lake - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip|url=https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/intel/microarchitectures/kaby_lake|access-date=2021-02-08|website=en.wikichip.org|language=en}}
• Increased clock speeds on some CPUs models
• Faster clock speed changes (improved Intel Speed Shift{{Cite news|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/10610/intel-announces-7th-gen-kaby-lake-14nm-plus-six-notebook-skus-desktop-coming-in-january/4|title=Intel Announces 7th Gen Kaby Lake: 14nm PLUS, Six Notebook SKUs, Desktop coming in January|last=S|first=Ian Cutress, Ganesh T|access-date=December 30, 2016}} technology): it takes less time for the CPU to transition from one frequency to another, e.g. from a low-power state to a high-performance state – consequently this may bring an increase in performance and responsiveness
• Add hardware MBEC support{{Cite web |last=vinaypamnani-msft |date=2023-07-11 |title=Enable memory integrity - Windows Security |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/hardware-security/enable-virtualization-based-protection-of-code-integrity |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=learn.microsoft.com |language=en-us}}

• Gen 9.5 (From Gen 9)
• Add support for Microsoft PlayReady 3.0
• HDCP 2.2
• Add 1.4 Embedded DisplayPort (From 1.3)
• Improved graphics core: full hardware fixed function HEVC/VP9 (including 4K@60fps/10bit) decoding;{{Cite news|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/10610/intel-announces-7th-gen-kaby-lake-14nm-plus-six-notebook-skus-desktop-coming-in-january/3|title=Intel Announces 7th Gen Kaby Lake: 14nm PLUS, Six Notebook SKUs, Desktop coming in January|last=S|first=Ian Cutress, Ganesh T|access-date=December 30, 2016}} improved hardware HEVC encoding; full hardware fixed function VP9 8bit encoding; higher GPU clock speeds for select CPUs

• 200 series (Union Point) chipset on socket 1151 (Kaby Lake is compatible with 100 series chipset motherboards after a BIOS update)
• Up to 16 PCI Express 3.0 lanes from the CPU, 24 PCI Express 3.0 lanes from PCH
• Support for Intel Optane Memory storage caching (only on motherboards with the 200 series chipsets)
• Support for PTWRITE instruction to write data to an Intel Processor Trace packet stream

Starting from this generation, the built-in GPus core supports HAGS in the Windows 10 version of 2004 or newer, but currently support is only provided with insider drivers.

Intel began to add Kaby Lake support to the Linux kernel on version 4.5.{{Cite web |title=Intel Lands First Round Of Graphics Work For Linux 4.5, Includes Kaby Lake |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Intel-DRM-Next-4.5-First |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}} A P state bug was fixed in kernel 4.10 that had prevented motherboards from activating the processors' turbo frequencies.{{Cite web |title=Kaby Lake is unleashed with Linux kernel 4.10 |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/412156/kaby-lake-is-unleashed-with-kernel-410.html |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=PCWorld |language=en}}

Under new policies established in January 2016, Microsoft only supports an NT 10.0-based Windows platform on newly-released CPU microarchitectures, beginning with Kaby Lake and AMD Bristol Ridge. Therefore, Microsoft only supports Kaby Lake under Windows 10,{{Cite web |last=Bright |first=Peter |date=January 16, 2016 |title=Skylake users given 18 months to upgrade to Windows 10 |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/01/skylake-users-given-18-months-to-upgrade-to-windows-10/ |website=Ars Technica |publisher=Condé Nast}}{{Cite web |last=Bott |first=Ed |date=January 15, 2016 |title=Microsoft updates support policy: New CPUs will require Windows 10 |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-updates-support-policy-new-cpus-will-require-windows-10/ |website=ZDNet |publisher=CBS Interactive}} and Windows Update blocks updates from being installed on Kaby Lake systems running versions older than Windows 10. In support of this restriction, Intel provides chipset drivers for Windows 10 only, although VirtualBox provides drivers for other versions.{{cite web|title=AMD: Sorry, there will be no official Ryzen drivers for Windows 7|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/3167279/computers/amd-sorry-there-will-be-no-official-ryzen-drivers-for-windows-7.html|website=PC World|publisher=IDG|access-date=23 April 2017}}{{cite web|title=Microsoft blocks Kaby Lake and Ryzen PCs from Windows 7, 8 updates|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/3189990/windows/microsoft-blocks-kaby-lake-and-ryzen-pcs-from-windows-7-81-updates.html|website=PC World|publisher=IDG|access-date=3 May 2017}}{{cite web|url=https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/intel-s-latest-cpus-will-only-support-windows-10-1327487|title=Intel's latest CPUs will only support Windows 10|date=31 August 2016|website=TechRadar|publisher=Future|access-date=3 May 2017}} An enthusiast-created modification was released that disabled the Windows Update check and allowed Windows 8.1 and earlier to continue to be updated on Skylake and later platforms.{{Cite web |last=Merriman |first=Chris |date=19 April 2017 |title=There's a patch to reinstate Windows 7 & 8.1 on Kaby Lake CPUs |url=https://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/3008609/theres-a-patch-to-reinstate-windows-7-81-on-kaby-lake-cpus |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420134648/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/3008609/theres-a-patch-to-reinstate-windows-7-81-on-kaby-lake-cpus |archive-date=April 20, 2017 |access-date=27 August 2018 |website=The Inquirer}}

Support for every Kaby Lake processor and older was dropped by Windows 11, excluding all Kaby Lake R, Skylake-X and Amber Lake processors as well as the Core i7-7820HQ and X series.{{Cite web |title=Supported Systems |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/minimum/supported/supported-systems |access-date=2021-10-05 |website=Docs.microsoft.com |date=October 4, 2021 |language=en-us}}

Kaby Lake has a critical flaw where some short loops may cause unpredictable system behavior. The issue can be fixed if the motherboard manufacturer releases a BIOS update with the fix.{{Cite web|url=https://hothardware.com/news/critical-flaw-in-intel-skylake-and-kaby-lake-hyperthreading-discovered-requiring-bios-microcode-fix|title=[Updated] Critical Flaw In Intel Skylake And Kaby Lake HyperThreading Discovered Requiring BIOS Microcode Fix|first=Chris|last=Goetting|date=June 25, 2017|website=HotHardware.com|access-date=April 10, 2022}}{{Cite web|url=https://hothardware.com/news/critical-flaw-in-intel-skylake-and-kaby-lake-hyperthreading-discovered-requiring-bios-microcode-fix|title=[Updated] Critical Flaw In Intel Skylake And Kaby Lake HyperThreading Discovered Requiring BIOS Microcode Fix|last=Goetting|first=Chris|date=26 June 2017|website=HotHardware.com|access-date=27 August 2018}}

Thermal design power (TDP) is the designed maximum heat generated by the chip running a specific workload at base clock. On a single microarchitecture, as the heat produced increases with voltage and frequency, this thermal design limit can also limit the maximum frequency of the processor.{{cite web

|url = https://download.intel.com/design/network/papers/30117401.pdf

|title = Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology for the Intel Pentium M Processor (White Paper)

|date = March 2004

|access-date = December 21, 2013

|publisher = Intel Corporation

|url-status = live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150812030010/http://download.intel.com/design/network/papers/30117401.pdf

|archive-date = August 12, 2015

|df = mdy-all

}} However, CPU testing and binning allows for products with lower voltage/power at a particular frequency, or higher frequency within the same power limit.{{cite web|date=June 10, 2010 | first=Paul | last=Goodhead |url=http://www.bit-tech.net/hardware/cpus/2010/06/10/how-to-make-a-cpu-from-sand-to-shelf/4 |title=How to Make a CPU - Testing, Packaging and Binning |publisher=bit-tech.net |access-date=February 24, 2013}}{{cite news|last1=Hodgin|first1=Richk|title=From sand to hand: How a CPU is made|url=http://www.geek.com/chips/from-sand-to-hand-how-a-cpu-is-made-832492/|access-date=December 17, 2016|publisher=Geek.com|date=July 9, 2009|archive-date=December 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220200007/http://www.geek.com/chips/from-sand-to-hand-how-a-cpu-is-made-832492/|url-status=dead}}

Desktop processors:

• High-power (K/X):
• For dual-core: 60 W
• For quad-core: 91 W (LGA1151) - 112W (LGA2066)
• Medium-power:
• For dual-core: 51...54 W
• For quad-core: 65 W
• Low-power (T): 35 W

Mobile processors:

• High-power (H): 45 W with configurable TDP-down to 35 W
• Medium-power (U): 15...28 W with configurable TDP-down to 7.5 W
• Low-power (Y): 5...7 W with configurable TDP-down to 3.5 W

File:Intel@14nm+@Skylake@Kabylake-S(DualCore)@Celeron G3930@SR35K DSCxDifference polysilicon microscope stitched@5x.jpg

File:Intel_CPU_Celeron_G3930_Kaby_Lake_top.jpg

File:Intel_CPU_Celeron_G3930_Kaby_Lake_bottom.jpg

Features common to desktop Kaby Lake CPUs:

• LGA 1151 socket
• DMI 3.0 and PCIe 3.0 interfaces
• Dual channel memory support in the following configurations: DDR3L-1600 1.35 V (32 GB maximum) or DDR4-2400 1.2 V (64 GB maximum)
• A total of 16 PCIe lanes
• The Core-branded processors support the AVX2 instruction set. The Celeron and Pentium-branded ones support only SSE4.1/4.2.
• 350 MHz base graphics clock rate
• No L4 cache (eDRAM)
• A release date of January 3, 2017

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Features common to desktop Kaby Lake-X CPUs:

• LGA 2066 socket
• Support DDR4-2666 (64 GB maximum), but not DDR3L memory
• A total of 16 PCIe lanes
• No integrated GPU
• A release date date June 2017

{{row hover highlight

Maximum PCIe Lanes: 16. Release date: Q1 2017.

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In late 2016, it was reported that Intel had been working on a processor family codenamed “Kaby Lake R” ("R" for "Refresh").{{cite web|title=Intel 火力集中 Kaby Lake-R，18W 4 + 2 配置 Kaby Lake-H 取消|url=https://benchlife.info/intel-cancel-18w-kaby-lake-h-and-use-kaby-lake-r-replace-12262016/|website=BenchLife|date=December 26, 2016 |access-date=30 August 2017|language=zh-TW}} On August 21, 2017, the eighth generation mobile CPUs were announced.{{Cite news|url=https://newsroom.intel.com/editorials/new-8th-gen-intel-core-processors-simplifying-today-opening-door-whats-next/|title=New 8th Gen Intel Core Processors: Simplifying Today, Opening the Door for What's Next|work=Intel Newsroom|access-date=2017-08-21|language=en-US}} The first products released were four "Kaby Lake R" processors with a 15W TDP.{{Cite news|url=https://ark.intel.com/products/124968/Intel-Core-i7-8650U-Processor-8M-Cache-up-to-4_20-GHz|title=Intel Core i7-8650U Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.20 GHz) Product Specifications|work=Intel ARK (Product Specs)|access-date=2017-08-21}} This marketing is distinct from previous generational changes of the Core product line, where a new generation coincided with a new microarchitecture.{{cite news|last1=Cutress|first1=Ian|title=Intel Launches 8th Generation Core CPUs|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/11738/intel-launches-8th-generation-cpus-starting-with-kaby-lake-refresh-for-15w-mobile|access-date=21 August 2017|publisher=Anandtech|date=21 August 2017}} Intel has stated that the 8th generation would be based on multiple microarchitectures, including Kaby Lake R, Coffee Lake, and Cannon Lake.{{cite news|last1=Shrout|first1=Ryan|title=Intel announces 8th Generation Core Processors, starting with 15-watt quad-core Kaby Lake refresh for notebooks|url=https://www.pcper.com/reviews/Graphics-Cards/Intel-announces-8th-Generation-Core-Processors-starting-15-watt-quad-core-Kab|access-date=21 August 2017|publisher=PC Per|date=21 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806115415/https://www.pcper.com/reviews/Graphics-Cards/Intel-announces-8th-Generation-Core-Processors-starting-15-watt-quad-core-Kab|archive-date=August 6, 2018|url-status=dead}}

File:AMD@14nm@GCN 4th gen@Polaris 22@Kabylake-G i7-8705G Radeon RX Vega M GL@C735B010 SR3RK DSC09341.jpg

Maximum number of PCIe lanes: 8. One-package processors with AMD Radeon discrete graphics chip - it is connected with main CPU core using an on-package PCI Express link. The Radeon GPU connects to its on-package HBM memory through an embedded multi-die interconnect bridge (EMIB).{{cite web | url=https://fuse.wikichip.org/news/1634/hot-chips-30-intel-kaby-lake-g/ | title=Hot Chips 30: Intel Kaby Lake G | date=September 9, 2018 }} Release date: Q1 2018.

On August 28, 2018, Intel announced a refreshed lineup of ultra low power mobile Kaby Lake CPUs under the moniker Amber Lake.{{Cite news|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/13275/intel-launches-whiskey-lake-amber-lake|title=Intel Launches Whiskey Lake-U and Amber Lake-Y: New MacBook CPUs?|last=Cutress|first=Ian|access-date=2018-09-03}}

On August 21, 2019, Intel announced{{Cite web|url=https://newsroom.intel.com/news/intel-expands-10th-gen-intel-core-mobile-processor-family-offering-double-digit-performance-gains/|title=Intel Expands 10th Gen Intel Core Mobile Processor Family, Offering Double Digit Performance Gains|website=Intel Newsroom|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-24}} their 10th generation Amber Lake{{Cite web|url=https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/codename/186968/amber-lake-y.html|title=Products formerly Amber Lake Y|publisher=Intel}} ultra low power CPUs.

• List of Intel CPU microarchitectures
• List of Intel codenames
• Xeon - enterprise workstation x86 microprocessors

{{notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

{{Intel processors|Kaby Lake}}

{{IntelProcessorRoadmap}}

Kaby Lake microarchitecture

Category:Intel microarchitectures

Category:Transactional memory

Category:X86 microarchitectures

Category:Computer-related introductions in 2016