Kingdom of Sedang
{{Short description|Defunct nineteenth-century kingdom in Indochina}}
{{More sources needed|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Sedang
| common_name = Sedang
| event_start = Declared
| year_start = 1888
| date_start = 3 June
| event_end = Death of David de Mayréna
| year_end = 1890
| date_end = 11 November
| image_flag = Flag of Sedang.svg
| flag_type = Flag
| image_coat = Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sedang.svg
| symbol_type = Coat of arms
| capital = Kon Gung
| title_leader = King
| leader1 = Marie I
| year_leader1 = 1888–1890
| government_type = Constitutional monarchy
| common_languages = Sedang and French
| currency = Math / Mouk
| today = Vietnam
| demonym =
| area_km2 =
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| GDP_PPP =
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| s1 = Confederation of Sedang
| flag_s1 = Flag of the Confederation of Sedang.svg
}}
The Kingdom of Sedang ({{langx|fr|Royaume des Sedangs}}; Vietnamese: Vương quốc Xơ Đăng) was an ephemeral political entity established in the latter part of the 19th century by a French adventurer, Charles-Marie David de Mayréna,{{cite book |last1=French |first1=Paul |title=Through the Looking Glass: China's Foreign Journalists from Opium Wars to Mao |date=2009 |publisher=Hong Kong University Press |page=35 |chapter=God, Mammon and the Flag|isbn=978-988-8052-98-1 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/book/5816 |access-date=8 April 2024}} in part of what is present-day Vietnam.
History
Mayréna, a former French government official with a dubious history that allegedly involved embezzlement, was in 1888 the owner of a plantation in French Indochina. When the King of Siam began claiming territories near those held by the French, Mayréna convinced the nervous colonial administrator to have him lead an expedition into the interior in order to negotiate treaties with local tribes.
However, upon his arrival, he instead convinced the tribesmen to form a local kingdom under his rule. To justify this, he argued that the tribes involved were not subjects or vassals of the emperor of Annam (modern Vietnam), and hence had a right to independent statehood. The Kingdom of Sedang, as he named it, incorporated the Bahnar, Rengao, and Sedang ethnics. Mayréna was elected King by the chiefs of these tribes, established his capital at the village of Kon Gung (also called Pelei Agna, "Great City", now in Đắk Mar commune), and assumed the regnal name of Marie the First, King of the Sedang, on 3 June 1888.
He subsequently offered to cede his kingdom to the French Third Republic in exchange for monopoly trade rights and hinted that the Prussians were interested if the French were not. When the French government failed to respond positively, Mayréna approached the British in Hong Kong. When he was rebuffed there he traveled to Belgium, where in 1889 a financier offered to provide him with arms and money in exchange for the kingdom's mineral rights. Mayréna's return to Sedang was thwarted by the French Navy, who blockaded Vietnamese ports and seized his arms as contraband at Singapore.
During his travels to Southeast Asia and Europe, Mayréna awarded dozens of noble titles, orders of chivalry, and assorted medals and paraphernalia to his supporters. He also created a series of postage stamps that are the main tangible legacy of the kingdom.
Mayréna (who had earlier converted to Islam and married several local women) died under mysterious circumstances (various reports claim by poisoning, snakebite or losing a duel) on 11 November 1890 at Tioman, Malaya.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite journal |last1=McTaggart-Cowan |first1=Ian |last2=Baldus |first2=Wolfgang |last3=Nowlan |first3=Michael O |title=Studying the classic stamps of Sedang (review) [The Postage Stamps of the Kingdom of Sedang] |journal=Canadian Stamp News |publisher=Trajan Publishing Corp.|date=7 March 2006 |volume=30 |issue=22 |pages=8–9 |url= |access-date=}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Ištok |first1=Robert |last2=Nováková |first2=Štefánia |title=MICRONATIONALISM AS A PHENOMENON OF THE PRESENT |journal=Folia geographica |date=2014 |volume=56 |issue=11 |page=49 |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2230820033 |id={{ProQuest|2230820033}} |language=en}}
- {{cite news |title=The King of the Sedangs in Hongkong: Interview with His Majesty |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1321189142 |access-date=8 April 2024 |work=The North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette (1870-1941) |publisher=The North China Herald |date=23 November 1888 |location=Shanghai |pages=582| id={{ProQuest|1321189142}} }}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20120205045902/http://www.imperial-collection.net/sedang.html The Imperial Collection] - A site documenting the history and stamps issued by Sedang.
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Category:Former monarchies of Asia
Category:Former unrecognized countries
Category:Former countries in Vietnamese history
Category:States and territories established in 1888
Category:1888 establishments in Asia