L-SAM
{{Short description|South Korean anti-ballistic missile system}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name = Long-range Surface-to-Air Missile
장거리 지대공 미사일
| image = Long-range Surface-to-Air Missile.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = A ballistic missile interception testing of L-SAM
| origin = South Korea
| type = Long-range, mobile surface-to-air missile/anti-ballistic missile system
| is_ranged =
| is_explosive = yes
| is_missile = yes
| is_UK = no
| service = 2028 (planned){{cite web|url=https://www.newsis.com/view/NISX20240525_0002748106|title='한국형 사드' L-SAM 개발 완료…北미사일 더 빨리 요격|publisher=Newsis|date=25 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529171143/https://www.newsis.com/view/NISX20240525_0002748106|archivedate=29 May 2024|accessdate=29 May 2024|author1=Jeon Sin}}{{cite web|url=https://news.kbs.co.kr/news/pc/view/view.do?ncd=7972096|title=북한 미사일 더 빠르게 요격…‘한국형 사드’ L-SAM 개발 완료|publisher=Korean Broadcasting System|date=25 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529170853/https://news.kbs.co.kr/news/pc/view/view.do?ncd=7972096|archivedate=29 May 2024|accessdate=29 May 2024|author1=Yang Min-chul}}
| used_by = Republic of Korea Air Force
| wars =
| designer = {{plainlist|
- Agency for Defense Development (system){{cite web|url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02829|title=L-SAM|publisher=Agency for Defense Development|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240220144233/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02829|archivedate=20 February 2024|accessdate=20 February 2024|author1=}}
- Hanwha (anti-ballistic){{cite web|url=http://www.hanwha.com/en/products_and_services/affiliates/hanwha_corporation.html|title=Hanwha Corporation - Hanwha|website=Hanwha.com|accessdate=27 October 2017}}
- LIG Nex1 (anti-aircraft)
}}
| design_date = {{plainlist|
- Block I: 2019–2024{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=24 February 2022|title=South Korea tests indigenous long-range surface-to-air missile|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/south-korea-tests-indigenous-long-range-surface-to-air-missile|access-date=|website=Janes Information Services|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227151223/https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/south-korea-tests-indigenous-long-range-surface-to-air-missile|archive-date=27 February 2022|url-status=live}}
- Block II: 2024–2035 (planned){{cite web|url=https://www.dapa.go.kr/dapa/na/ntt/selectNttInfo.do?bbsId=326&nttSn=43789&menuId=678|title=제153회 방위사업추진위원회 결과|publisher=Defense Acquisition Program Administration|date=25 April 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601115714/https://www.dapa.go.kr/dapa/na/ntt/selectNttInfo.do?bbsId=326&nttSn=43789&menuId=678|archivedate=1 June 2023|accessdate=1 June 2023|author=}}
}}
| manufacturer = {{plainlist|
}}
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| production_date = 2025 (planned)
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| vehicle_range = {{plainlist|
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| ceiling = {{plainlist|
- Block I: {{convert|40|km|ft|abbr=on}} – {{convert|60|km|ft|abbr=on}}{{cite web|url=https://news.kbs.co.kr/news/pc/view/view.do?ncd=7689765|title='한국형 사드' L-SAM 요격 순간 첫 공개…"복합 다층방어체계 속도"|publisher=Korean Broadcasting System|date=1 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222174108/https://news.kbs.co.kr/news/pc/view/view.do?ncd=7689765|archivedate=22 February 2024|accessdate=22 February 2024|author1=Kim Yong-jun}}
- Block II: {{convert|120|km|ft|abbr=on}} – {{convert|180|km|ft|abbr=on}}
}}
| speed = {{convert|9|Mach|m/s km/h|abbr=on}}{{cite web|url=https://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/29QOP7UHTF|title=200㎞ 밖 미사일 수분만에 요격…美·이스라엘 이어 세번째 개발|publisher=Sedaily|date=1 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604010815/https://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/29QOP7UHTF|archivedate=4 June 2024|accessdate=4 June 2024|author1=Kwon Gu-chan}}
| guidance =
}}
The L-SAM (Long-range Surface-to-Air Missile; {{Korean |hangul=장거리 지대공 미사일 |rr=Janggeori Jidaegong Misail}}) is a South Korean long range surface-to-air missile developed by the Agency for Defense Development (ADD), Hanwha, and LIG Nex1. The performance levels are comparable to the American THAAD and the Israeli Arrow 2 and Arrow 3. L-SAM serves as a key system in South Korea's Korean Air and Missile Defense (KAMD).{{cite web|url=https://www.nknews.org/2025/01/south-korea-unveils-plans-for-new-missile-defense-system-to-counter-north-korea/|title=South Korea unveils plans for new missile defense system to counter North Korea|publisher=NK NEWS|date=14 January 2025|author=Joon Ha Park}}
The development of L-SAM Block 1 was officially completed in May 2024 and was declared fit for combat by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA).
Design and development
The L-SAM was developed with the aim of shooting down ballistic missiles such as North Korea's Hwasong-11A (KN-23) and Hwasong-11B (KN-24) in the terminal phase. It will be an upper-tier surface-to-air missile system for multi-layered defense as part of Republic of Korea Air Force's Korean Air and Missile Defense (KAMD) project, which has been planned since the early 2020s, with the lower tier composed of Patriot PAC-3 and KM-SAM batteries.{{cite web|url=https://cissm.umd.edu/sites/default/files/2019-07/Paper%204%20-%20Ballistic%20Missile%20Defense%20in%20South%20Korea.pdf|title=Ballistic Missile Defense in South Korea: Separate Systems Against a Common Threat|publisher=Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland|date=2 January 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716165008/https://cissm.umd.edu/sites/default/files/2019-07/Paper%204%20-%20Ballistic%20Missile%20Defense%20in%20South%20Korea.pdf|archivedate=16 July 2021|accessdate=16 July 2021|author1=Joshua Pollack}}
The L-SAM system is expected to use two types of interceptors: one for anti-air meant to target general air breathing threats such aircraft or cruise missiles and the other for anti-ballistic. The anti-ballistic missile (ABM) consists of a total of three stages and uses a hit-to-kill system that intercepts targets with a kill vehicle with infrared sensors and precise flight control capabilities, and the missile interceptor will be capable of intercepting missiles at altitudes between 40 and 60 km. L-SAM demonstrated its intercept capability by succeeding three out of a total of four missile interception tests between November 2022 and June 2023.{{cite web|url=https://www.dapa.go.kr/common/nttFileDownload.do?fileKey=755577aa4f537f0001936177ec8f3353|title=국가안보의 보루, 한국형 미사일방어체계 핵심전력 개발 순항 중|publisher=Defense Acquisition Program Administration|date=29 December 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125094633/https://www.dapa.go.kr/common/nttFileDownload.do?fileKey=755577aa4f537f0001936177ec8f3353|archivedate=25 January 2024|accessdate=25 January 2024|author1=}}
The development of L-SAM Block 1 was completed in May 2024, and initial mass production will begin in 2025 and will be deployed to the Republic of Korea Air Force from 2028.
=Battery configuration=
File:A scale model of L-SAM's surface-to-air missile.jpg
The L-SAM battery is composed of a multifunction radar, a command-and-control (C2) center, a combat control station, and four truck-mounted launchers, two of each missile type. It will use a trailer-mounted S-band AESA radar.{{cite web|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rok/l-sam.htm|title=L-SAM Long-range Surface-to-Air Missile|first=John|last=Pike|website=Globalsecurity.org|accessdate=27 October 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://aviationweek.com/awindefense/hanwha-techwin-shows-s-band-aesa-l-sam-bmd|title=Hanwha Techwin Shows S-Band AESA For L-SAM BMD|website=Aviationweek.com|accessdate=27 October 2017}}
- Command and control center: 1
- Combat control station: 1
- Multifunction radar: 1
- Launchers: 4
- Missiles per launcher: 6 (surface-to-air missiles and anti-ballistic missiles)
Improvements
=L-SAM Block-II=
On 25 April 2023, the 153rd Defense Acquisition Program Promotion Committee deliberated and approved on a plan to develop a new missile defense system with a higher intercepting altitude than the existing L-SAM with a budget of 2.71 trillion won by 2027. The new missile system, named L-SAM 2, includes high-altitude interceptor missiles and glide phase interceptor (GPI) missiles, and is estimated to have an interception altitude of 180 km.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|L-SAM}}
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5Bunx5E2ZE&t=14s Flight and thrust control tests of L-SAM]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTlfWzFRTWA Video of L-SAM's ballistic missile interception test]
Category:Surface-to-air missiles of South Korea
Category:Anti-ballistic missiles of South Korea
Category:21st-century surface-to-air missiles