Agency for Defense Development
{{Short description|South Korean military R&D agency}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name = Agency for Defense Development
| nativename_a = 국방과학연구소
| nativename_r = Gukbang Gwahak Yeonguso
| seal =
| logo = ADD Logo.svg
| image =
| image_caption = Headquarters in Yuseong District, Daejeon
| formed = {{Start date and age|1970|08|06|df=y}}
| preceding1 = Ministry of National Defense Scientific Research Institute (July 1954–July 1961){{cite web|url=http://archive.history.go.kr/catalog/view.do?arrangement_cd=ARRANGEMENT-0-C&arrangement_subcode=ARRANGEMENT_CONTENTS-0-OH&provenanace_ids=&displaySort=&displaySize=50¤tNumber=1&system_id=000000959791&catalog_level=&catalog_position=-1&search_position=221&lowYn=|script-title=ko:이승만 정권 시기 과학정책과 국방부 과학연구소 중견관리의 행정경험|publisher=The Archives of Korean History|date=11 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616084807/http://archive.history.go.kr/catalog/view.do?arrangement_cd=ARRANGEMENT-0-C&arrangement_subcode=ARRANGEMENT_CONTENTS-0-OH&provenanace_ids=&displaySort=&displaySize=50¤tNumber=1&system_id=000000959791&catalog_level=&catalog_position=-1&search_position=221&lowYn=|archivedate=16 June 2022|accessdate=16 June 2022|author=}}{{cite journal|url=https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002027240|title=Understanding Compressed Growth of Science and Technology in South Korea: Focusing on Public Research Institutes|publisher=The Korean History of Science Society|date=2015|archiveurl=|issn=1229-7895|volume=37|number=2|pages=431–453|archivedate=|accessdate=|author=Moon Man-yong|journal=The Korean Journal for the History of Science }}
| jurisdiction = Government of South Korea
| headquarters = 160, Bugyuseong-daero 488beon-gil, Yuseong District, Daejeon, South Korea
| coordinates = {{Coord|36.4184077|127.3225271|display=inline,title}}
| employees = 3,432 (2023){{cite web|url=https://www.alio.go.kr/item/itemReportTerm.do?apbaId=C0345&reportFormRootNo=2020|title=3. 임직원 수|publisher=Ministry of Economy and Finance|date=2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924174042/https://www.alio.go.kr/item/itemReportTerm.do?apbaId=C0345&reportFormRootNo=2020|archivedate=24 September 2023|accessdate=24 September 2023|author=}}
| motto = "Defending our nation with the strength of our own science and technology!"{{cite web|url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02258&siteId=SITE00003|title=Mission & Vision|publisher=Agency for Defense Development|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526212148/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02258&siteId=SITE00003|archivedate=26 May 2022|accessdate=26 May 2022|author=}}
| budget = ₩1.485 trillion
US$1.188 billion (2022){{cite web|url=https://www.dapa.go.kr/dapa/na/ntt/selectNttInfo.do?bbsId=326&nttSn=39142&menuId=678|title=국방기술 연구개발 투자 1조 원 시대를 열다|publisher=Defense Acquisition Program Administration|date=6 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530044319/https://www.dapa.go.kr/dapa/na/ntt/selectNttInfo.do?bbsId=326&nttSn=39142&menuId=678|archivedate=30 May 2022|accessdate=30 May 2022|author=}}
| website = [https://www.add.re.kr/eps Official ADD website in English]
[https://www.add.re.kr/kps Official ADD website in Korean]
| parent_department = Defense Acquisition Program Administration
| chief1_name = Park Jong-seung
| chief1_position = Director
| chief2_name = Jung Jin-gyeong
| chief2_position = Deputy Director
}}
The Agency for Defense Development (ADD, {{Korean |hangul=국방과학연구소 |hanja=國防科學硏究所 |rr=Gukbang Gwahak Yeonguso}}) is the South Korean government agency for research and development in defense technology, funded by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA). It was established in August 1970 under the banner of the self-reliant national defense promoted by President Park Chung Hee.{{Cite journal |last=Kwon |first=Peter |date=2023 |title=Defender of the Nation, Champion of Science: The Agency for Defense Development as a Nexus for the Technological Transformation of South Korea |url=https://read.dukeupress.edu/journal-of-korean-studies/article-abstract/28/1/59/351727/Defender-of-the-Nation-Champion-of-Science-The |journal=The Journal of Korean Studies |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=59–90|doi=10.1215/07311613-10213182 |s2cid=258279383 |url-access=subscription }}
Its purpose is contributing to enforcing the national defence, to improving the national R&D capacity, and to fostering the domestic defense industry. ADD focuses on core weapons systems and core technology development, and studies major weapons platforms in high-risk and non-economical fields, unmanned and advanced, and new weapon systems for the future.
ADD is responsible for first South Korean ballistic missile Nike Hercules Korea-1 aka White/Polar Bear, developed in the 1970s with its first successful test in 1978.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHU1G6WB4KkC&q=nhk-1+september+26+1978&pg=PA91|title = Containing Missile Proliferation: Strategic Technology, Security Regimes, and International Cooperation in Arms Control|isbn = 9780295985077|last1 = Mistry|first1 = Dinshaw|year = 2003| publisher=University of Washington Press }}
ADD is the operator of South Korea's first dedicated military satellite, ANASIS-II, launched on 20 July 2020 by a Falcon 9 rocket.[https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/kmilsatcom-1.htm Anasis 2 (KMilSatCom 1)]
History
File:President Park Chung-hee inspects prototypes developed in ADD at the Military Equipment Exhibition on 3 April 1972.jpg inspects prototypes developed in ADD at the Military Equipment Exhibition on 3 April 1972]]
{{Infobox Korean name
|hangul=국방과학연구소
|hanja=國防科學硏究所
|rr=Gukbang Gwahak Yeonguso
|mr=Kukpang Kwahak Yŏn'guso
|}}
After the three-year Korean War, which ended in an armistice rather than an end-of-war agreement, South Korea and North Korea were in conflict during the Cold War. Since the Mutual Defense Treaty signed in October 1953, South Korea has been making efforts to rebuild its economy while receiving military aid from the United States.{{cite web|url=https://www.much.go.kr/L/Z6oA5C4Axy.do|title=1970년대 방위산업 육성 : 자주국방의 토대 구축|publisher=National Museum of Korean Contemporary History|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729094452/https://www.much.go.kr/L/Z6oA5C4Axy.do|archivedate=29 July 2023|accessdate=29 July 2023|author=}} Despite military aid from the U.S. and abroad, in July 1954, Rhee Syng-man, then the first president of the South Korean government, established the Ministry of National Defense Scientific Research Institute to foster independent defense production capabilities, and the South Korean government's attempt to produce its own military supplies has contributed to the localization of military supplies such as military food, combat uniforms, and defense components that relied solely on foreign aid.
After the Nixon Doctrine announced on July 25, 1969, about 20,000 U.S. troops in South Korea withdrew, creating an atmosphere of reconciliation between the United States and the Eastern Bloc. President Park Chung-hee, who has been in power since December 1963, believed that the withdrawal of Nixon Doctrine and U.S. troops from South Korea would weaken the military power of South Korea, which relied on the U.S., and North Korea's military provocations against the South, which began in the late 1960s, surged further, and the South Korean government began to feel the need for self-reliant national defense, which did not rely on U.S. military aid. Later, in August 1970, the Agency for Defense Development was established, and in November of the following year, it started an independent defense development project called the Basic Weapon Emergency Prototype Development.{{cite web|url=https://dl.nanet.go.kr/file/fileDownload.do?linkSystemId=nhn&controlNo=KINX2010065365|title=The Development Process & Achievement of the Korean Defense Industry for Last 40 Years|publisher=Korea Institute for Defense Analyses|date=2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114144204/https://dl.nanet.go.kr/file/fileDownload.do?linkSystemId=nhn&controlNo=KINX2010065365|archivedate=14 November 2023|accessdate=14 November 2023|author=Choi Sungbin, Ko Byungsung and Lee Hoseok}}
However, in the 1970s, South Korea had poor basic industries and systems to develop and stably produce military equipment. In 1973, the South Korean government designated heavy and chemical industries such as steel, machinery, chemicals, and Petroleum as national strategic industries to foster basic industries. Later, in February 1974, the eight-year military construction defense plan ({{Korean|hangul=군사력 건설 국방 8개년 계획|labels=no}}), called Yulgok Project, began, which included plans to strengthen the South Korean military's power.{{cite web|url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0068462|title=중화학공업 (重化學工業)|publisher=Academy of Korean Studies|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729094741/https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0068462|archivedate=29 July 2023|accessdate=29 July 2023|author=}}
Organization
==Deputy director<ref name="ADD Organization" /><ref name="Encyclopedia of Korean Culture" />==
- Policy Planning Department
- Research Planning Department
- Academy of Defense Science and Technology
- Ground Technology Research Institute
- Maritime Technology Research Institute
- Aerospace Technology Research Institute
- Institute of Civil-Military Technology Cooperation
- 1st Research and Development Institute
- 2nd Research and Development Institute
- 3rd Research and Development Institute
- 4th Research and Development Institute
- 5th Research and Development Institute
- Institute of Defense Advanced Technology Research
- Defense Rapid Acquisition Technology Research Institute
- Research Support Headquarters
- Safety and Security Center
Major research and development projects
Development programs for defense technology are categorized into basic research and development, key technology R&D, civil-military technology cooperation, and essential parts, software development and technology demonstration of new concepts. Almost all major development projects are collaborating with ADD and South Korean defense company, most of the key technologies are developed under the initiative of the ADD, and private defense companies are responsible for the development of the remaining sub-technology and the production of essential parts and finished products.{{cite web|url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02970&siteId=null|title=Defense Technology R&D|publisher=Agency for Defense Development|date=|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20221130005321/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02970&siteId=null|archivedate=30 November 2022|accessdate=30 November 2022|author=}}
=Infantry weapon=
See also
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
References
{{reflist}}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Missile Systems |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02806&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525183124/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02806&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=25 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Missile Defense Systems |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02807&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053922/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02807&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Ground Weapon Systems |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02808&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053938/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02808&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Maritime/Underwater Weapon Systems |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02809&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053920/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02809&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Aircraft and UAV Systems |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02810&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053929/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02810&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Surveillance and Reconnaissance Systems |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02811&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053925/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02811&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Command and Control/Information Warfare Systems |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02812&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053933/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02812&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Space Technologies |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02813&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525183217/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02813&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=25 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Core Technologies |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02814&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053928/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02814&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite web |author= |date= |title=Future Technologies |url=https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02815&siteId=SITE00003 |publisher=Agency for Defense Development |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526053935/https://www.add.re.kr/board?menuId=MENU02815&siteId=SITE00003 |archivedate=26 May 2022 |accessdate= |url-status=dead }}
External links
{{Commons category}}
{{space forces}}
{{South Korean Space Program}}
{{Authority control|state=expanded}}
Category:Agency for Defense Development
Category:Government agencies of South Korea
Category:Military research institutes
Category:1970 establishments in South Korea
Category:Organizations established in 1970
Category:Research and development in South Korea
Category:Military of South Korea