List of Australian Senate appointments
{{short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
This is a list of appointments to the Australian Senate, which is the upper house of the Parliament of Australia, filling casual vacancies, from the Senate's creation in 1901 until the present day. There is a second list of invalid elections and appointments to the Senate.
Appointment procedures
{{more|Casual vacancies in the Australian Parliament#Senate}}
=States=
Section 15 of the Australian Constitution requires the parliament of the relevant state to choose a replacement. This is done in a joint sitting of the upper and lower house (except for Queensland, which has a unicameral parliament). In the event that the state parliament is not in session, the Governor of the state (acting on the advice of the state's executive council) may appoint a replacement senator, but such an appointment lapses if it is not confirmed by a joint sitting of the parliament within 14 days.
Prior to 29 July 1977, the filing of casual vacancies was complex. While senators were elected for a six-year term, people appointed to a casual vacancy only held office until the earlier of the next election for the House of Representatives or the Senate, at which the vacancy would be filled by the electors of the relevant state.{{cite Au Senate |last=Evans |first=H |author-link=Harry Evans (Australian Senate clerk) |name=Filling Casual Vacancies before 1977, Volume 3 |Sen id=wp-content/docs/filling_casual_vacancies_before_1977.pdf |access-date=24 February 2017}} It was also an established convention that the state parliament choose (or the governor appoint) a replacement from the same political party as their predecessor, however this convention was not always followed.{{refn|group=n|name=Convention|Of the 66 appointments to 1977, 12 (18%) were from a different party, John Shannon (1912), John Earle (1917); Edward Mulcahy (1919), John MacDonald (1922), Sir Henry Barwell (1925), John Verran (1927), Harry Kneebone (1931), Patrick Mooney (1931), Philip McBride (1937), Alexander Fraser (1946), Cleaver Bunton (1975), and Albert Field, (1975).}}
As a result of the 1977 referendum:[https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2004A01720 Constitution Alteration (Senate Casual Vacancies) Act 1977 (Cth)].
- a state legislature must replace a senator with a member of the same political party, and
- the new senator's term continues until the end of the original senator's term.
=Territories=
Replacement senators for the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) or the Northern Territory (NT) are chosen by the relevant territory legislature, under s.44 of the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918. Where the legislature is not in session, the choice is made by the Administrator of the NT (acting on the advice of the territory's executive council) or the Chief Minister of the ACT. The procedure has been in use in the NT since 1980 and the ACT since 1989.
Between 1980 and 1989, replacement senators in the ACT were chosen by a joint sitting of both houses of the Federal Parliament, under s.9 of the Senate (Representation of Territories) Act 1973. Prior to 1980, replacement senators in the ACT or the NT were to be elected in a by-election, though this never occurred.
List of appointments to the Senate
__NOTOC__
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| colspan="9" |
47th Parliament (2022–2025) | ||||||
| State | Date | Incumbent | colspan=2 | Party | Appointee | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tasmania {{refn|group=n|name=asterick |
|27 May 2025
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|6 February 2025
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|29 May 2024
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|1 May 2024
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|1 February 2024
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|30 November 2023
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|31 May 2023
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
46th Parliament (2019–2022)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|18 May 2022
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation {{refn|group=n|name=small|Small resigned from the Senate after he discovered that he held dual Australian-New Zealand dual citizenship. After renouncing his New Zealand citizenship, he was reappointed to the Senate casual vacancy caused by his own resignation.}}
|-
|6 April 2022
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|2 December 2021
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|21 September 2021
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|14 September 2021
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|25 November 2020
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|4 September 2020
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|6 February 2020
|{{Australian party style|Independent}}|
|Independent {{refn|group=n|name=bernardi|Bernardi was elected as a member of the Liberal Party before the start of the 45th Parliament, but resigned from the party and founded the Australian Conservatives during his term. Prior to the start of the 46th Parliament, the Australian Conservatives was dissolved and Bernardi became an Independent.}}
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|14 November 2019
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|11 September 2019
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
45th Parliament (2016–2019)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|20 March 2019
|{{Australian party style|Liberal Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|6 March 2019
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|6 March 2019
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|6 September 2018
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|15 August 2018
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|21 March 2018
|{{Australian party style|Liberal National}}|
|LNP
|{{Australian party style|Liberal National}}|
|LNP
|Resignation
|-
|14 February 2018
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|14 November 2017
|{{Australian party style|Nick Xenophon Team}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nick Xenophon Team}}|
|Resignation
|-
|16 August 2017
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|25 October 2016
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
44th Parliament (2014–2016)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|2 May 2016
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|9 March 2016
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|22 September 2015
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|19 August 2015
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|21 May 2015
|{{Australian party style|Liberal National}}|
|LNP
|{{Australian party style|Liberal National}}|
|LNP
|Resignation
|-
|6 May 2015
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|25 March 2015
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|New South Wales {{refn|group=n|name=Carr|Carr resigned one month after the 2013 federal election where he was re-elected for a new Senate term that was due to start on 1 July 2014. His resignation resulted in a vacancy in his current term expiring on 30 June 2014 and his new term due to start on 1 July 2014.{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/lc/lcpaper.nsf/0/5275ae49c44b25a6ca257c210013d244/$file/advice.pdf|title=Advice – Filling of vacancies following the resignation of the Honourable Bob Carr|publisher=Crown Solicitor New South Wales|date=1 November 2013|access-date=13 November 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315230218/http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/lc/lcpaper.nsf/0/5275ae49c44b25a6ca257c210013d244/$file/advice.pdf|archivedate=15 March 2016|url-status=dead}} O'Neill was appointed to fill both casual vacancies in two separate joint sittings of the NSW Parliament on 13 November 2013 and 2 July 2014.}}
|2 July 2014
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
43rd Parliament (2011–2014)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Queensland {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|Occurred after an election but before the new Senate was sworn in.}}
|11 February 2014
|{{Australian party style|Liberal National}}|
|LNP
|{{Australian party style|Liberal National}}|
|LNP
|Resignation
|-
|New South Wales {{refn|group=n|name=Carr|}}
|13 November 2013
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|21 August 2013
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|21 August 2013
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|15 May 2013
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|5 September 2012
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|20 June 2012
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|20 June 2012
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|2 May 2012
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|6 March 2012
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|13 October 2011
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
42nd Parliament (2008–2011)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|12 March 2009
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
41st Parliament (2005–2008)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Victoria {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|8 May 2008
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|30 August 2007
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|19 June 2007
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|6 June 2007
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|3 May 2007
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|19 April 2007
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|4 May 2006
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|25 August 2005
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
40th Parliament (2002–2005)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|New South Wales {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|5 May 2005
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|31 March 2004
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|18 February 2003
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|29 October 2002
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
39th Parliament (1999–2002)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Tasmania {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|26 February 2002
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|Tasmania {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|4 February 2002
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|31 July 2001
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|14 September 2000
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|16 May 2000
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|4 May 2000
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
38th Parliament (1996–1999)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|14 October 1998
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|16 June 1998
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|30 October 1997
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|18 September 1997
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|17 September 1997
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|19 May 1997
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|13 May 1997
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|9 April 1997
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|18 September 1996
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|5 September 1996
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|24 July 1996
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation (eligibility) {{refn|group=n|name=Ferris|In the period between the election and her term formally commencing, Ferris worked as a member of parliamentary staff. In order to avoid any argument that she was disqualified for holding "an office of profit under the crown", Ferris resigned and was re-appointed to the vacancy.}}
|-
|colspan="9" |
37th Parliament (1993–1996)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Victoria {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|30 April 1996
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|Tasmania {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|8 March 1996
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Labor/Independent {{refn|group=n|name=ALP|Elected as a member of the ALP, but resigned from the party during his term.}}
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|29 November 1995
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|24 May 1995
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|3 May 1995
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|10 May 1994
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|8 March 1994
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|8 March 1994
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|22 February 1994
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|24 August 1993
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
36th Parliament (1990–1993)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Victoria {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|28 April 1993
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|26 May 1992
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|12 March 1992
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|{{Australian party style|Greens}}|
|Resignation
|-
|29 August 1991
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|11 February 1991
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
35th Parliament (1987–1990)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Western Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|16 May 1990
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|Queensland {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|8 May 1990
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Resignation
|-
|South Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|7 May 1990
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|South Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|4 April 1990
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|7 March 1990
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|4 April 1989
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|16 February 1988
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
34th Parliament (1985–1987)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|11 February 1987
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|26 August 1986
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Resignation
|-
|7 May 1986
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|13 March 1986
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
33rd Parliament (1983–1985)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|22 November 1984
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
32nd Parliament (1981–1983)
|-
|colspan="9" | No appointments made
|-
|colspan="9" |
31st Parliament (1978–1981)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Australian Capital Territory {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|5 May 1981
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|Queensland {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|12 March 1981
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|NCP
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|NCP
|Resignation
|-
|Western Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|11 March 1981
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|15 October 1980
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|11 March 1980
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|NCP
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|NCP
|Resignation
|-
|9 August 1978
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|26 July 1978
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
30th Parliament (1975–1978)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|South Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|14 December 1977
|{{Australian party style|Liberal Movement}}|
|Liberal Movement/Liberal {{refn|group=n|name=LM|Elected as a member of the Liberal Movement, but joined the Liberal party on the break-up of the Liberal Movement.}}
|{{Australian party style|Democrats}}|
|Democrats {{refn|group=n|name=Dem|Haines had also been on the Liberal Movement ticket with Hall in 1974 however she had joined the Democrats on the break-up of the Liberal Movement.}}
|Resignation
|-
|7 December 1976
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
29th Parliament (1974–1975)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|3 September 1975
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Independent}}|
|Death
|-
|27 February 1975
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Independent}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
27th/28th Parliament (1971–1974)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|16 January 1974
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
26th Parliament (1968–1971)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Queensland {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|11 June 1971
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Neville Bonner {{refn|group=n|name=Indigenous|First Indigenous Australian to be a member of the Parliament of Australia}}
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|New South Wales {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|16 March 1971
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|6 August 1970
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|19 November 1969
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|23 May 1969
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
25th Parliament (1965–1968)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Victoria {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|21 February 1968
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|2 November 1967
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Liberal/Independent {{refn|group=n|name=Liberal|Elected as a member of Liberal Party, but quit during his term to become an independent.}}
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|26 October 1966
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|14 April 1966
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|17 February 1966
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|4 August 1965
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
24th Parliament (1962–1965)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Victoria {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|9 December 1964
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|26 November 1964
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|9 October 1962
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
23rd Parliament (1959–1962)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|South Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|8 February 1962
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation {{refn|group=n|name=Pearson|Liberal Senator Rex Pearson died on 11 September 1961; Liberal member Gordon Davidson was appointed to fill the ensuing vacancy on 28 September. He did not stand at the 9 December 1961 election and his position was won by Liberal candidate Nancy Buttfield. In order to take up the seat with a term finishing on 30 June 1965, Buttfield resigned her pre-existing seat won at the 1955 election and scheduled to expire on 30 June 1962; Davidson was appointed to that position on 8 February 1962.}}
|-
|28 September 1961
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Gordon Davidson {{refn|group=n|name=Pearson|}}
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
22nd Parliament (1956–1959)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|12 August 1958
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|30 July 1958
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|6 June 1957
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|28 August 1956
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
21st Parliament (1953–1956)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|11 October 1955
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
20th Parliament (1951–1953)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|3 March 1953
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|30 September 1952
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|7 February 1952
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
19th Parliament (1950–1951)
|-
|colspan="9" | No appointments made
|-
|colspan="9" |
18th Parliament (1947–1950)
|-
|colspan="9" | No appointments made
|-
|colspan="9" |
17th Parliament (1944–1947)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|15 May 1946
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|10 October 1944
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
16th Parliament (1941–1944)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|8 October 1942
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
15th Parliament (1938–1941)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|12 July 1938
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
14th Parliament (1935–1938)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|21 October 1937
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|Resignation
|-
|2 September 1937
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|19 August 1936
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|26 September 1935
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
13th Parliament (1932–1935)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Western Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|5 March 1935
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|Death
|-
|6 April 1933
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
11th/12th Parliament (1929–1932)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Tasmania {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|3 March 1932
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|Death
|-
|New South Wales {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|23 December 1931
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|{{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}|
|Resignation
|-
|12 May 1931
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|{{Australian party style|UAP}}|
|UAP
|Death
|-
|1 April 1931
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
10th Parliament (1926–1929)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|Victoria {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|18 December 1928
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationals}}|
|Death
|-
|1 August 1928
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|5 June 1928
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|18 April 1928
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|30 August 1927
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
9th Parliament (1923–1926)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|South Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|24 February 1926
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|South Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|18 December 1925
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Death
|-
|25 August 1925
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Death
|-
|29 July 1925
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|1 April 1925
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|20 November 1924
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|22 July 1924
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|17 October 1923
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Death
|-
|12 September 1923
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
8th Parliament (1920–1923)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|26 May 1922
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Death
|-
|15 December 1921
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|9 August 1921
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Lapsed {{refn|group=n|name=lapsed|The appointment lapsed on 4 August due to lack of confirmation by the South Australian Parliament, but Vardon was reappointed.}}
|-
|16 February 1921
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
7th Parliament (1917–1920)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|15 January 1919
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
6th Parliament (1914–1917)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|South Australia {{refn|group=n|name=asterick|}}
|24 May 1917
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|1 March 1917
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Nationalist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|colspan="9" |
5th Parliament (1913–1914)
|-
|colspan="9" | No appointments made
|-
|colspan="9" |
4th Parliament (1910–1913)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|31 July 1912
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|{{Australian party style|Commonwealth Liberal}}|
|Death
|-
|colspan="9" |
3rd Parliament (1907–1910)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|11 July 1907
|{{Australian party style|Free Trade}}|
|{{Australian party style|Labor}}|
|Election declared void {{refn|group=n|name=Vardon|The election of Anti-Socialist senator Joseph Vardon was declared void on 31 May 1907;{{cite AustLII |litigants=Blundell v Vardon |year=1907 |court=HCA |num=75 |parallelcite=[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/1907/75.pdf (1907) 4 CLR 1463].}} on 11 July ALP member James O'Loghlin was appointed to replace him. This appointment was declared void on 20 December,{{cite AustLII |litigants=Vardon v O'Loghlin |year=1907 |court=HCA |num=69 |parallelcite=[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/1907/69.pdf (1907) 5 CLR 201].}} and a supplemental election was held in 1908.}}
|-
|colspan="9" |
2nd Parliament (1904–1906)
|-
|colspan="9"|No appointments made
|-
|colspan="9" |
1st Parliament (1901–1903)
|-
!State !! Date !! Incumbent !! colspan=2 | Party !! Appointee !! colspan=2 | Party !! Cause
|-
|8 October 1903
|{{Australian party style|Protectionist}}|
|{{Australian party style|Protectionist}}|
|Resignation
|-
|20 May 1903
|{{Australian party style|Free Trade}}|
|{{Australian party style|Free Trade}}|
|Resignation
|-
|21 January 1903
|{{Australian party style|Free Trade}}|
|{{Australian party style|Free Trade}}|
|Death
|}
{{reflist|group=n}}
List of invalid elections and appointments to the Senate
{{Category see also|Australian court of disputed returns cases}}
This is a list of people who have been declared to have been elected or appointed to the Australian Senate that the High Court, sitting as the Court of Disputed Returns, has subsequently declared to be ineligible. Some of these have actually sat in the Senate and participated in proceedings; however, the High Court has held that their presence did not invalidate the proceedings of the Senate.
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| State | Date | Person | colspan=2 | Party | Replacement | colspan=2 | Party | Cause |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australian Capital Territory
|23 May 2018 |{{Australian party style|Labor}}| |{{Australian party style|Labor}}| |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens}} | ||||||
| South Australia
| 16 February 2018 |{{Australian party style|Nick Xenophon Team}}| | Tim Storer
|{{Australian party style|Nick Xenophon Team}}| |Nick Xenophon Team/Independent{{cite Au Parliament |mpid=275424 |name=Senator Tim Storer |access-date=2021-11-06}} |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens}} | |||||
| Tasmania
| 9 February 2018 |{{Australian party style|Liberal}}| | Richard Colbeck
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}| |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens}} | |||||
| Tasmania
| 9 February 2018 |{{Australian party style|Jacqui Lambie Network}}| | Steve Martin
|{{Australian party style|Independent}}| |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens}} | |||||
| New South Wales
| 22 December 2017 |{{Australian party style|Nationals}}| | Jim Molan
|{{Australian party style|Liberal}}| |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens}} | |||||
| Queensland
| 10 November 2017 |{{Australian party style|One Nation}}| |{{Australian party style|One Nation}}| |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens}} | ||||||
| Queensland
| 10 November 2017 |{{Australian party style|Greens}}| |{{Australian party style|Greens}}| |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens}} | ||||||
| Western Australia
| 10 November 2017 |{{Australian party style|Greens}}| |{{Australian party style|Greens}}| |Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|name=citizens|On 27 October 2017 as part of the 2017 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis, Scott Ludlam, Malcolm Roberts, Fiona Nash and Larissa Waters were held to be "incapable of being chosen" as senators as they were dual citizens.{{cite AustLII|HCA|45|2017|litigants=Re Canavan}}. {{cite web| url=http://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/publications/judgment-summaries/2017/hca-45-2017-10-27.pdf |title=Judgment summary |publisher=High Court |date=27 October 2017}} Ludlam resigned on 14 July and Waters resigned on 18 July while Nash and Roberts continued to sit until the High Court decision. The date reflects when each was first elected. Three of the seats were filled by a recount, with the replacements appointed by the High Court on 10 November. Subsequently Jacqui Lambie, Stephen Parry and Skye Kakoschke-Moore were also found ineligible, and were replaced in February 2018. Katy Gallagher was later also found ineligible.}} | ||||||
| South Australia
| 19 April 2017 |{{Australian party style|Family First}}| |{{Australian party style|Family First}}| |Indirect pecuniary interest {{efn|group=v|name=Day|South Australian Family First Senator Bob Day resigned on 1 November 2016. On 5 April 2017 the High Court held that Day was "incapable of being chosen" or sitting as a Senator since February 2016 as he had an indirect interest in an agreement with the Commonwealth. Day's seat was filled by Lucy Gichuhi in a recount.{{cite AustLII |litigants=Re Day (No 2) |year=2017 |court=HCA |num=14}}, {{cite web |url=http://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/publications/judgment-summaries/2017/hca-14-2017-04-05.pdf |title=Judgment summary |publisher=High Court |date=5 April 2017}} Day sat in the Senate between February and 1 November 2016.}} | ||||||
| Western Australia
| 27 March 2017 | {{Australian party style|One Nation}}| | One Nation/Independent {{efn|group=v|name=Culleton|Rod Culleton was elected as a member of One Nation, but announced his resignation from the party on 18 December 2016. The President of the Senate declared his seat vacant on 11 January 2017 due to his bankruptcy.{{cite AustLII |litigants=Re Culleton |year=2017 |court=HCA |num=3}}. On 3 February the High Court declared that at the time of the 2016 election he was subject to being sentenced to imprisonment for up to two years and therefore he had never been validly elected.{{cite AustLII |litigants=Re Culleton (No 2) |year=2017 |court=HCA |num=4}}. Culleton sat in the Senate between 2 July and 23 December 2016.}} | {{Australian party style|One Nation}}| | Awaiting sentence on a criminal charge.{{efn|group=v|name=Culleton}} | ||||||
| Western Australia
| 1 July 2014 | Wayne Dropulich {{efn|group=v|name=did not sit|The election was declared void before the commencement of the Senate term}} | style="background:#00f;"| | Sports | {{Australian party style|Palmer United Party}}| | Entire election declared void.{{efn|group=v|name="2013 WA"|The entire half-Senate election for WA was declared void by the High Court because 1,375 ballot papers were lost during an official recount.{{cite AustLII|litigants=Australian Electoral Commission v Johnston |year=2014 |court=HCA |num=5 |parallelcite=(2014) 251 CLR 463}}. Wayne Dropulich was the only candidate who was unsuccessful at the special election in 2014, the seat taken by Zhenya Wang.}} | ||||||
| Queensland
| 1 July 1999 | Heather Hill {{efn|group=v|name=did not sit}} | {{Australian party style|One Nation}}| | {{Australian party style|One Nation}}| | Citizen of foreign power.{{efn|group=v|name=Hill|Heather Hill was a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and Australia, and the High Court declared she was disqualified from election as the citizen of a "foreign power".{{Cite AustLII |litigants=Sue v Hill |year=1999 |court=HCA |num=30 |parallelcite=(1999) 199 CLR 462.}}}} | ||||||
| New South Wales
| 21 July 1988 | {{Australian party style|Nuclear Disarmament}}| | NDP | {{Australian party style|Nuclear Disarmament}}| | NDP/Independent {{efn|group=v|name=Wood}} | Not Australian citizen.{{efn|group=v|name=Wood|Robert Wood was a citizen of the United Kingdom, resident in Australia, however he had never obtained Australian citizenship. The High Court declared as he was not an Australian citizen Wood was disqualified from election.{{Cite AustLII |litigants=Re Wood |year=1999 |court=HCA |num=30 |parallelcite=(1999) 199 CLR 462.}} Wood sat in the Senate between 1 July 1987 and 12 May 1988. Irina Dunn was declared elected on a recount and was expelled from the NDP because she did not resign to allow Wood to be re-appointed.}} | ||||||
| South Australia
| 15 February 1908 | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| | Labour | {{Australian party style|Free Trade}}| | Appointment declared void.{{efn|group=v|name=Vardon}} | ||||||
| South Australia
| 11 July 1907 | {{Australian party style|Free Trade}}| | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| | Labour | Election declared void.{{efn|group=v|name=Vardon|The election of Anti-Socialist senator Joseph Vardon was declared void on 31 May 1907;{{cite AustLII |litigants=Blundell v Vardon |year=1907 |court=HCA |num=75 |parallelcite=[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/1907/75.pdf (1907) 4 CLR 1463].}} on 11 July ALP member James O'Loghlin was appointed to replace him. This appointment was declared void on 20 December,{{cite AustLII |litigants=Vardon v O'Loghlin |year=1907 |court=HCA |num=69 |parallelcite=[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/1907/69.pdf (1907) 5 CLR 201].}} and a supplemental election was held in 1908 which was won by Vardon.}} |
{{Notelist|group=v}}
References
{{reflist}}
- [http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22handbook%2Fnewhandbook%2F2014-10-31%2F0042%22 Parliament of Australia – Senate vacancies]
See also
{{Australian by-elections}}
{{Parliament of Australia}}