List of European windstorms

{{short description|None}}

{{Update|date=January 2025}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}

File:Extratropical Cyclones near Iceland (4541789253).jpgs south of Iceland.]]

The following is a list of notable European windstorms.

Windstorms

= Before 1800 =

class="wikitable"
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! width=200 | Event

! Date

! Notes

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| Grote Mandrenke (known as St Maury's wind in Ireland){{cite journal|last1=Sweeney |first1=John |title=A three-century storm climatology for Dublin 1715–2000 |journal=Irish Geography |date=January 2000 |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=1–14 |doi=10.1080/00750770009478595 |url=http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/9121/1/ICARUS_ThreeCenturyStorm2002.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720233026/http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/9121/1/ICARUS_ThreeCenturyStorm2002.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2018-07-20 }}

| 15–16 January 1362

| A southwesterly Atlantic gale swept across England, the Netherlands, northern Germany and southern Denmark, killing over 25,000 and changing the Dutch-German-Danish coastline.

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| All Saints' Flood

| 1 November 1570 (11 November, New Style)

| {{cite book|last1=Lamb|first1=Hubert|title=Historic storms of the North Sea, British Isles and Northwest Europe|date=1991|publisher=Cambridge Univ. Press|location=Cambridge u.a.|isbn=978-0-521-37522-1|edition=1. publ.}}

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| Spanish Armada storms

| 1588

| After the Battle of Gravelines, the Armada was forced to flee northwards, and attempted to return to Spain by sailing around Scotland and Ireland. Here, the ships ran into a series of powerful westerly gales. Already in poor condition after an extended period at sea, many ships were sunk, or driven onto the coast and wrecked, with over 50 ships lost. The late 16th century, and especially 1588, was marked by unusually strong North Atlantic storms, perhaps associated with a high accumulation of polar ice off the coast of Greenland, a characteristic phenomenon of the "Little Ice Age."{{cite book | first=Brian | last=Fagan | title=The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History 1300–1850 | location=New York | publisher=Basic Books | year=2000}}

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| Hard Candlemas

| 2 February 1602

| The Faroe Islands were hit by a great storm, today still remembered as the hard Kyndelmisse. The storm permanently destroyed the sheltered natural harbour at Saksun.{{cite journal|last1=Guttesen|first1=Rolf|title=New Geographical and Historical Information from Lucas Janz Waghenaer's Faroe-chart|journal=Geografisk Tidsskrift|date=1992|volume=92|issue=1 |pages=22–28|doi=10.1080/00167223.1992.10649311|bibcode=1992GeTid..92...22G |url=https://tidsskrift.dk/index.php/geografisktidsskrift/article/viewFile/5857/11134|access-date=18 May 2015}}

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| Burchardi Flood

| 11–12 October 1634

| Also known as "second Grote Mandrenke", hit North Frisia, drowned about 8,000–15,000 people and destroyed the island of Strand.

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| Culbin Sands storm

| Autumn 1694

| A storm saw {{cvt|20

30|km2}} of farmland overwhelmed by sand at the Culbin Estate, Moray Scotland.
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| Great Storm of 1703

| 26 November 1703

| Severe gales affected south coast of England. Between 8,000 and 15,000 lives were lost overall.

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| Portugal and Madeira storm

| 18–19 November 1724

| One of the most destructive storms ever experienced in Portugal since the early 17th century,{{cite journal|last1=Liberato|first1=Margarida L.R.|title=The 19 January 2013 windstorm over the north Atlantic: Large-scale dynamics and impacts on Iberia|journal=Weather and Climate Extremes|volume=5–6|pages=16–28|doi=10.1016/j.wace.2014.06.002|year=2014|bibcode=2014WCE.....5...16L |doi-access=free}} causing damage to the east coast of Madeira and central and northern Portugal (though unclear if it was not a tropical system such as Hurricane Vince, which impacted Europe in 2005).{{cite journal|last1=Domínguez-Castro|first1=F.|last2=Trigo|first2=R. M.|last3=Vaquero|first3=J. M.|title=The first meteorological measurements in the Iberian Peninsula: evaluating the storm of November 1724|journal=Climatic Change|date=21 November 2012|volume=118|issue=2|pages=443–455|doi=10.1007/s10584-012-0628-9|url=https://zenodo.org/record/3412632|hdl=10.1007/s10584-012-0628-9|s2cid=56398071|hdl-access=free}}

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| St Hilaire–Prisca storms

| 14–18 January 1739

| Between 14 and 18 January 1739, a series of storms severely affected France, Switzerland and southern Germany. The period has been named after the saints' days of the first and the last day of its occurrence. The storms are considered to be similar to Lothar and Martin of 1999.{{cite journal|last1=Pfister|first1=Christian|title=The meteorological framework and the cultural memory of three severe winter-storms in early eighteenth-century Europe|journal=Climatic Change|volume=101|issue=1–2|pages=281–310|date=2010|doi=10.1007/s10584-009-9784-y|bibcode=2010ClCh..101..281P|hdl=10174/4221 |s2cid=67759442|url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/321679/files/10584_2009_Article_9784.pdf}}

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| St Barbara storm

| 4 December 1739

| Affected Portugal.

= 1800–1899 =

class="wikitable"
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! width=200 | Event

! Date

! Notes

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| Galnemåndagen

| 11 March 1822

| A severe storm in Norway which may have caused over 300 deaths in the country of fishermen.{{cite web|title=Glesvær - Trading post|url=http://grind.no/en/midthordland/sund/glesvaer-trading-post|website=Grind - Ei reise gjennom natur og kultur i Hordaland|access-date=30 October 2017|language=en|date=31 January 2013}}{{cite web|title=Den galne måndagen og anna uvèr {{!}} Fylkesarkivet i Sogn og Fjordane|url=http://www.fylkesarkiv.no/nyhende/den-galne-m%C3%A5ndagen-og-anna-uv%C3%A8r|website=www.fylkesarkiv.no|access-date=30 October 2017|language=nn}}

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| February 1825

|

|

  • 3–5 February 1825: Winds over the North Sea led to the February flood of 1825 storm surge in the North Sea.
  • 1 February 1825: Windstorm passed over Scotland with winds around {{cvt|140|kn|mph km/h}}.
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| Night of the Big Wind

| 6–7 January 1839

| The most severe windstorm to hit Ireland in recent centuries, with hurricane-force winds, killed between 250 and 300 people and rendered hundreds of thousands of homes uninhabitable.

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| Moray Firth fishing disaster

| August 1848

|

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| 1850

| Winter 1850

|

  • 29 January, Yrväderstisdagen, saw Sweden affected by one of the worst snowstorms on record.{{cite news|title=Yrväderstisdagen 1850|url=http://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/yrvaderstisdagen-1850-1.19745|access-date=18 January 2015|publisher=SMHI|date=11 December 2012|language=sv}}
  • 5–6 February 1850. The Great Storm of 1850 saw a damaging gale cross the UK (tentatively linked to scouring of turf and sand which covered the Neolithic settlement of Skara Brae in Orkney).{{cite web|title=1850-1899|url=http://booty.org.uk/booty.weather/climate/1850_1899.htm|publisher=booty.org.uk|access-date=18 January 2015}}
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| Royal Charter Storm

| 25–26 October 1859

| The Royal Charter Storm was considered to be the most severe storm to hit the British Isles in the 19th century,[http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/maritime/collections/emigration/royalcharter/ Merseyside Maritime Museum site] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806132951/http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/maritime/collections/emigration/royalcharter/ |date=6 August 2011 }}[http://www.ancientdestructions.com.au/site/destructions/goldglam.php Ancient Destructions website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426043808/http://www.ancientdestructions.com.au/site/destructions/goldglam.php |date=26 April 2012 }} with a total death toll estimated at over 800. It takes its name from the Royal Charter ship, which was driven by the storm onto the east coast of Anglesey, Wales with the loss of over 450 lives.

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| Great Gale of 1871

| 10 February 1871

| A severe storm affected England with 28 ships wrecked on the northeast coast, total fatalities are estimated at over 50.

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| "Lothar's big brother"

| 12 March 1876

| Maximum winds crossed northern France, Belgium, Luxembourg and into Germany. Swiss Re report that this was the worst event in the 19th and early 20th century, with a footprint similar to the storm Lothar of 1999.{{cite news|title=Severe weather events in the late 19th century and their potential impact on insurance today Winter storms in Europe: messages from forgotten catastrophes|url=http://media.swissre.com/documents/Swiss_Re_Winter_storms.pdf|access-date=29 October 2015|publisher=Swiss Re}}

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| The Tay Bridge Disaster

| 28 December 1879

| Severe gales (estimated to be Force 10–11) swept the east coast of Scotland, infamously resulting in the collapse of the Tay Rail Bridge and the loss of 75 people who were on board the ill-fated train.{{cite web|url=http://taybridgedisaster.co.uk/|title=The Tay Bridge Disaster|access-date=3 September 2007}}

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| Eyemouth Disaster

| 14 October 1881

| A severe storm struck the southeast coast of Scotland. 189 fishermen were killed, most of whom were from the small village of Eyemouth.

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| The Ochtertyre storm

| 19–28 January 1884

| A series of deep Atlantic depressions crossed the northwestern areas of the UK, a storm on 26 January saw the UK's record lowest air pressure measured at Ochtertyre, Perthshire of 925.6 hPa. Swiss Re stated the storm's damaging swathe of winds were larger than those of the Burns Day storm of 1990.

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| The great storm of November 1893

| 16–20 November 1893

| {{cite journal|last1=Hardlng|first1=Charles|title=The great storm of November 16th-20th, 1893|journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society|date=6 July 2007|volume=20|issue=89|pages=43–58|doi=10.1002/qj.4970208903|bibcode=1894QJRMS..20...43H}}

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| "North German Express"

| 12 February 1894

| A rapidly moving storm brought high winds to Northern Ireland, Scotland, Northern England and northern Germany, reaching a maximum depth estimated at {{cvt|945|hPa|inHg}} over Norway.

= 1900–1974 =

class="wikitable"
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! width=200 | Event

! Date

! Notes

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| Christmas Hurricane of 1902

| 25–26 December 1902

| The Danish Meteorological Institute report a single measurement from a balloon at Hald in central Jutland with an hourly mean wind value of {{cvt|35|m/s|km/h mph}}. DMI estimate the strongest winds probably reached {{cvt|50|m/s|km/h mph}} or more. The storm was relatively short-lived and caused extensive damage to forestry as it passed from southern Norway to the Gulf of Riga, with a swathe of damage stretching from north Jutland to Bornholm. The storm also saw significant flooding.{{cite news|last=Cappelen|first=John|title=Bodil og det beskidte dusin|url=https://www.dmi.dk/nyheder/2013/bodil-og-det-beskidte-dusin/|access-date=24 July 2019|newspaper=DMI|date=24 July 2019|language=da}}

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| Storm Ulysses

| 26–27 February 1903

| Probably the most severe to affect Ireland since the Night of the Big Wind, with an estimated 1000–3000 trees uprooted in Phoenix Park, Dublin. Following a stormy period between the 18–26 which saw several depressions pass close by to the west coast of Ireland. The storm's low pressure was estimated at {{cvt|975|mb|inHg}} (Lamb, 1991). A quote from Ulysses by James Joyce is likely based on the aftermath of this storm- "O yes, J.J. O'Molloy said eagerly. Lady Dudley was walking home through the park to see all the trees that were blown down by that cyclone last year and thought she'd buy a view of Dublin."{{cite web|title=Exceptional weather events|url=http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Feb1903_storm.pdf|publisher=Met Éireann|access-date=23 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522194356/http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Feb1903_storm.pdf|archive-date=22 May 2012|url-status=dead}}

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| Ulvsund storm

| 23–24 October 1921

| The S.S. Ulvsund capsized during the storm on a sailing between Copenhagen and Nakskov, Lolland.{{cite journal|last1=Rasmussen|first1=Leif|title=Et uvejr med flere navne En stormfuld nat, som en tolvårs dreng oplevede den|journal=Vejret|date=February 2016|volume=146|url=http://dams.dk/Vejret/Vejret146.pdf|access-date=19 April 2018|language=da}}

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| Halaveðrið

| 7–8 February 1925

| A deep storm affected Iceland with the loss of two trawlers and over 60 men.

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|

| 28 January 1927

| A storm strongly affected the UK and Ireland, with a gust of {{cvt|90|kn|mph km/h}} recorded in Paisley.

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| Cleggan Bay Disaster

| 28 October 1927

| Storm affected the west coast of Ireland, with 45 people drowned, led to the abandonment of the Inishkea Islands. There was also coastal flooding in the Irish Sea along Cardigan Bay and 5 fatalities in Fleetwood, Lancashire.{{cite web|title=Exceptional weather events: October 1927 storm|url=http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Oct1927_storm.pdf|publisher=Met Eireann|access-date=6 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103162734/http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Oct1927_storm.pdf|archive-date=3 November 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}{{cite journal|last1=Hammond|first1=John M.|title=Storm in a Teacup or Winds of Change?|journal=Weather|date=December 1990|volume=45|issue=12|pages=443–448|doi=10.1002/j.1477-8696.1990.tb05582.x|bibcode = 1990Wthr...45..443H }}{{cite journal|last1=Harris|first1=R. O.|title=Notable British Gales of the Past 50 Years|journal=Weather|date=February 1970|volume=25|issue=2|pages=57–68|doi=10.1002/j.1477-8696.1970.tb03233.x}}

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| 1928 Thames flood

| 6–7 January 1928

| Snow melt combined with heavy rainfall and a storm surge in the North Sea led to flooding in central London and the loss of 14 lives.

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| Western Europe windstorm

| 23–25 November 1928

| A windstorm affected parts of Northwestern Europe for more than two days and killed 38 people, mainly in England.{{cite news|title=Dead In Gale Sweeping Europe|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/1997948352.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+18%2C+1928&author=&pub=Daily+Boston+Globe+%281928-1960%29&desc=DEAD+IN+GALE+SWEEPING+EUROPE&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120715135745/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/1997948352.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+18,+1928&author=&pub=Daily+Boston+Globe+(1928-1960)&desc=DEAD+IN+GALE+SWEEPING+EUROPE&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 July 2012|access-date=21 February 2012|newspaper=Daily Boston Globe|date=18 November 1928}}

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| Central Europe windstorm

| Early July 1929

| A severe and deadly windstorm moved through central Europe in early July 1929 and killed 38 people.{{cite news|title=38 KILLED IN STORM IN CENTRAL EUROPE; 20 Die in Austria, Where Wind Wrecks Buildings and Hail Damages Crops. 10 DROWN IN YUGOSLAVIA Entire Train Toppled From Rails in Czeehoalovakia--Wide Damage In Southern Germany|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1929/07/06/archives/38-killed-in-storm-in-central-europe-20-die-in-austria-where-wind.html|access-date=21 February 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=6 July 1929}}

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| Southern and central England gales

| 5–8 December 1929

| A stormy period from 5 to 8 December 1929 saw two depressions (central pressure of {{cvt|950|mb|inHg|disp=sqbr}}), move north-eastwards across Ireland bringing severe gales in south-west England. Mean hourly wind speeds around {{cvt|55

60|kn|mph km/h}} with gusts exceeding {{cvt|80|kn|mph km/h}} at Falmouth on each day from the 5th to the 8th and at Scilly from the 6th to the 8th. Extremes during this period were: mean hourly winds of {{cvt|61|and|60|kn|mph km/h}} at Falmouth on the 5th and 6th and {{cvt|59|kn|mph km/h}} at Scilly on the 7th, and gusts of {{cvt|89|kn|mph km/h}} at Falmouth on the 6th and 7th and Scilly on the 7th, while on the evening of the 6th Scilly registered a gust of {{cvt|96|kn|mph km/h}}, equalling the then highest ever recorded at a low-level station in Great Britain in December. Mean wind speeds between {{cvt|40|and|50|kn|mph km/h}}, and gusts between {{cvt|65|and|75|kn|mph km/h}}, occurred in many parts of the country during the period.
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|

| 16–17 September 1935

| Formed as a secondary depression west of Ireland, before moving over southern Ireland to Northern England. The low brought severe gales to south western England, Wales and southern England.

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| Iberian windstorm

| 13–15 February 1941

| A storm made a direct hit on Lisbon while damaging winds affected the whole of Portugal. Low of {{cvt|950|hPa|inHg}}, reaching winds up to {{cvt|180|km/h|mph}} in San Sebastián, Spain. It remains one of the top five most severe windstorms across Europe during the 20th century.{{cite news|last=Muir-Wood|first=Robert|title=The 1941 February 15th Windstorm in the Iberian Peninsula|url=http://fundacionmapfre.com/ccm/content/documentos/mapfrere/fichero/en/1941-february-15-windstorm-iberian-peninsula.pdf|access-date=31 May 2013|newspaper=RMS Risk Management Solutions|year=2011}}{{cite journal|last=Freitas|first=J. G.|author2=Dias, J. A. |title=1941 windstorm effects on the Portuguese Coast|journal=Journal of Coastal Research|volume=65|year=2013|issue=Special Issue 65|pages=714–719|issn=0749-0208|doi=10.2112/SI65-121|s2cid=129952992}}

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| October Gales

| 24–26 October 1945

| Gales in October 1945 killed two and washed up many mines along the south coast of England with winds over {{cvt|90|mph|km/h}}.{{cite news|title=Gales Sweep Britain|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article48674296|access-date=11 May 2015|agency=Australian Associated Press|newspaper=Adelaide Advertiser|date=26 October 1945}}{{cite web|title=Monthly Weather Report: October 1945|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/media/pdf/2/5/Oct1945.pdf|publisher=Met Office|access-date=11 May 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407135049/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/media/pdf/2/5/Oct1945.pdf|archive-date=7 April 2015|df=dmy-all}}

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| North Sea storm disturbance

| 8 January 1949

| {{cite journal|last1=Corkan|first1=R. H.|title=The Levels in the North Sea Associated with the Storm Disturbance of 8 January 1949|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences|date=4 July 1950|volume=242|issue=853|pages=493–525|doi=10.1098/rsta.1950.0008|bibcode = 1950RSPTA.242..493C |s2cid=123438147}}

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| North Sea Flood of 1953

| 31 January–1 February 1953

| Considered to be the worst natural disaster of the 20th century both in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, claiming over two thousand lives altogether. A storm originating over Ireland moved around the Scottish west coast, over Orkney, down the east coast of Scotland and England and across the North Sea to the Netherlands. Sea defences in the Netherlands and eastern England were overwhelmed. The ferry MV Princess Victoria, travelling between Scotland and Northern Ireland, was lost with 133 people drowned, and over a quarter of the Scottish fishing fleet was also lost. In the Netherlands, flooding killed 1,835 people and forced the emergency evacuation of 70,000 more as sea water inundated {{cvt|1365|km2}} of land. An estimated 30,000 animals drowned, and 47,300 buildings were damaged of which 10,000 were destroyed. Total damage was estimated at that time at 895 million Dutch guilders.

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| Sweden snowstorm

| 3–4 January 1954

| {{cite news |title=Stormar i Sverige |url=http://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/stormar-i-sverige-1.5770 |access-date=23 September 2019 |work=www.smhi.se |language=sv}}{{cite news |title=Oväder i januari 1954 |url=http://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/ovader-i-januari-1954-1.5730 |access-date=23 September 2019 |work=www.smhi.se |date=23 April 2014 |language=sv}}

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| Hurricane Debbie

| 17 September 1961

| North-west Ireland, much of Scotland and the Northern Isles hit by severe gales, which were the residuals of Hurricane Debbie.{{cite web|url=http://weather.unisys.com/hurricane/atlantic/1961/|title=1961 Hurricane/Tropical Data for Atlantic|access-date=3 September 2007}}

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| Vincinette
Great Sheffield Gale
(North Sea flood of 1962)

| 16–17 February 1962

| Including the Great Sheffield Gale, westerly gales swept the entire United Kingdom during 16 and 17 February 1962, a "resonant lee wave effect" over the Pennines led to over 150,000 houses in Sheffield, nearly two-thirds of the city's entire housing stock being damaged.{{cite news|last1=Eden|first1=Philip|title=The Sheffield Gale of 1962|url=http://www.rmets.org/sites/default/files/hisnews1201.pdf|access-date=29 August 2014|work=History of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography Special Interest Group; Newsletter 1|publisher=Royal Meteorological Society|date=2012}} The storm moved south-east and reached the German coast of the North Sea with wind speeds up to {{cvt|200|km/h|mph}}. The accompanying storm surge combined with high tide pushed water up the Weser and Elbe, breaching dikes and caused extensive flooding, especially in Hamburg. 315 people were killed, around 60,000 were left homeless.

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| Channel Islands storm

| 9 October 1964

| A storm tracked along the English Channel bringing intense winds and damage to the Channel Islands.{{cite book|last1=Eden|first1=Philip|title=Change in the Weather|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=9780826480293|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8l2ofi0_Tf8C&q=9+october+1964+guernsey+storm&pg=PA36|access-date=5 May 2016|language=en|date=2006-05-10}}

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| Ferrybridge cooling tower collapse

| 1 November 1965

| Ferrybridge power station near Pontefract saw three cooling towers collapse due to vibrations in {{cvt|85|mph|km/h}} winds. The grouped shape of the cooling towers meant that westerly winds were funnelled into the towers themselves, creating a vortex. Three out of the original eight cooling towers were destroyed and the remaining five were severely damaged. The towers were rebuilt and all eight cooling towers were strengthened to tolerate adverse weather conditions.{{cite journal|last1=Shellard|first1=H. C.|title=Collapse of Cooling Towers in a Gale, Ferrybridge, 1 November 1965|journal=Weather|volume=22|issue=6|pages=232–240|doi=10.1002/j.1477-8696.1967.tb02927.x|bibcode = 1967Wthr...22..232S |year=1967}}{{cite book|last1=Petroski|first1=edited by Neil Schlager; foreword by Henry|title=When technology fails : significant technological disasters, accidents, and failures of the twentieth century.|date=1993|publisher=Gale Research|location=[U.S.?]|isbn=978-0-8103-8908-3|url=https://ceprofs.civil.tamu.edu/dford/DNF%20Profesional/FerrybridgeWTF94.pdf|access-date=14 August 2014}}

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| "Adolph Bermpohl" storm

| 23–24 February 1967

| Named after the {{ill|Adolph Bermpohl|de|Adolph Bermpohl (Schiff)}} which was lost in the storm. The German Naval Observatory at the time reported the storm brought the highest winds ever measured in the North Sea.

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| Scandinavian storm (Lena){{cite web|title=Orkanen Lena 1967 |url=http://ndb.msb.se/ViewCase.aspx?id=71&l=SV&xMax=779848.5757999998&xMin=322033.8323999997&yMax=6502794.756100001&yMin=6111275.669500001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827061814/http://ndb.msb.se/ViewCase.aspx?id=71&l=SV&xMax=779848.5757999998&xMin=322033.8323999997&yMax=6502794.756100001&yMin=6111275.669500001 |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 August 2014 |publisher=myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap |access-date=26 August 2014 |language=sv }}

| 17–18 October 1967

| October 1967 was one of the wettest in Denmark with several areas of low pressure passing the country. Wind speeds over {{cvt|40|m/s|km/h mph}} were recorded across Denmark and at the southern tip of Öland, Sweden.{{cite news|title=Den svåra oktoberstormen 1967|url=http://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/den-svara-oktoberstormen-1967-1.5744|access-date=26 August 2014|publisher=SMHI|date=23 April 2014|language=sv}}{{cite news|title=Oktoberstormen har 50 års fødselsdag: DMI|url=http://www.dmi.dk/nyheder/arkiv/nyheder-2017/oktober/oktoberstormen-har-50-aars-foedselsdag/|access-date=17 October 2017|work=www.dmi.dk|date=16 October 2017|language=da}}

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| 1968 Scotland storm

| 15 January 1968

| This storm tracked north up the west coast of Scotland. In Glasgow, some 20 people were killed, 40 injured and 2,000 people made homeless, Ayrshire and Argyll also affected.{{cite web|title=The Glasgow 'hurricane'|url=http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/cgi-app/reports?ARCHIV=0&LANG=en&MENU=Extra&JJ=2008&MM=01&TT=21&FILE=extra_ne.tit|publisher=Weatheronline|access-date=16 December 2011}}

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| Sweden storm

| 22 September 1969

| {{cite web |title=50 år sedan den svåra septemberorkanen |url=https://www.smhi.se/bloggar/vaderleken-2-3336/50-ar-sedan-den-svara-septemberorkanen-1.152094 |website=www.smhi.se |access-date=23 September 2019 |language=sv}}

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| Quimburga

| 11–14 November 1972

| A storm that struck northern Europe in mid-November 1972 and spawned a tornado that killed 28 in Germany.{{cite news|title=European Wind Storm Kills 28|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ykNRAAAAIBAJ&pg=1065,7340030&dq=europe+windstorm&hl=en|access-date=5 February 2012|newspaper=The Palm Beach Post|date=14 November 1972}} The MV Mebo II radio ship of RNI ran adrift losing one of her anchors. The crew managed to start the engines, and after sailing back to her original anchoring spot near Scheveningen, the spare anchor was securing the vessel's position again.

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| Unnamed

| 13 April 1973

| A storm affecting the north and west coastal areas of the Netherlands, northern German and western Danish coastal areas, getting the unmotorised MV Norderney radio ship of Radio Veronica stranded at the Scheveningen coast. Widespread destruction of ca. 2 million trees at the Veluwe.

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| Irish windstorm

| 11–12 January 1974

| Record winds, sometimes of hurricane force, recorded in many parts of Ireland. The strongest ever sea level gust in Ireland, at exactly {{cvt|200|km/h|mph}}, was recorded in Kilkeel, County Down. Many trees and buildings were damaged and 250,000 {{cite web|title=Storms Of January 1974|url=http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Jan1974_Storm.pdf|publisher=Met Éireann|access-date=31 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232933/http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Jan1974_Storm.PDF|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead}} premises were left without electricity (approx 1 in 4 in the county).

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| Norway windstorm

| Mid February 1974

| Winds up to {{cvt|100|mph|km/h|order=flip}} battered the United Kingdom and Norway in mid February 1974, killing 19.{{cite news|title=Windstorm Kills 19 In Coastal Europe|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SFcqAAAAIBAJ&pg=2276,4070635&dq=europe+windstorm&hl=en|access-date=21 February 2012|newspaper=The Pittsburgh Press|date=12 February 1974}}

= 1975–1999 =

class="wikitable"
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! width=200 | Event

! Date

! Notes

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| Gale of January 1976 ("Capella storm")

| 2–5 January 1976

| Central UK windspeed gusts of {{cvt|105|mph|km/h}} were measured at RAF Wittering. Middlesbrough saw winds of {{cvt|114|mph|km/h}}.{{cite web|title=Jan 1976 Storm|url=http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Jan1976_Storm.PDF|publisher=Met Eireann|access-date=8 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522193954/http://www.met.ie/climate-ireland/weather-events/Jan1976_Storm.PDF|archive-date=22 May 2012|url-status=dead}} Widespread wind damage was reported across Europe from Ireland to Central Europe. Coastal flooding of 400 homes occurred in Cleethorpes, United Kingdom. In Ruisbroek, Antwerp, Belgium, dike failures and floods on the Scheldt estuary led to the adoption of the Sigmaplan (the Belgian equivalent of the Dutch Delta Works).{{cite news|title=REPORTAGE. Ruisbroek, dertig jaar later|url=http://www.standaard.be/artikel/detail.aspx?artikelid=G1IMA5DM|newspaper=De Standaard|access-date=9 May 2012|language=nl-be}}{{cite web|title=Hoe is het Sigmaplan ontstaan? |url=http://www.sigmaplan.be/nl/sigmaplan/hoe-is-het-sigmaplan-ontstaan |publisher=Sigmaplan |access-date=9 May 2012 |language=nl-be |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005113232/http://www.sigmaplan.be/nl/sigmaplan/hoe-is-het-sigmaplan-ontstaan |archive-date=5 October 2013 }} The highest storm surge of the 20th century was recorded on the German North Sea coast, with some flooding of coastal marshes.

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| Fastnet disaster storm

| 13–14 August 1979

| An unusual storm during the 1979 Fastnet yachting race resulted in 24 yachts being disabled or lost and 15 fatalities.

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| 1981 storm series

| November and December 1981

|

  • 23–24 November: A severe storm affected Denmark and southern Sweden, killing two, with a storm surge breaking sea dikes along the Jutland coast.{{cite web|title=I dag for 30 år siden: Danmark ramt af voldsom storm|url=http://vejret-dyn.tv2.dk/artikel/id-45997771:i-dag-for-30-år-siden-danmark-ramt-af-voldsom-storm.html|publisher=tv2.dk|access-date=4 August 2012|language=da|date=2011-11-24}} 23 November also saw 102 tornados reported in Britain.{{cite journal|last1=Rowe|first1=M. W.|title=Britain's Greatest Tornado Outbreak|last2=Meaden|first2=G. T.|journal=Weather|date=August 1985|volume=40|issue=8|pages=230–235|doi=10.1002/j.1477-8696.1985.tb06883.x|bibcode = 1985Wthr...40..230R }}
  • 1981 December storm: In England, high tides combined with a storm surge resulted in extensive flooding and £6 million worth of damage along the Somerset coast of the Bristol Channel, with the highest water recorded in the Channel since the start of the century.{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0278-4343(89)90064-2 | volume=9 | title=Storm surge prediction in the Bristol Channel—the floods of 13 December 1981 | year=1989 | journal=Continental Shelf Research | pages=889–918 | last1 = Proctor | first1 = R.| issue=10 | bibcode=1989CSR.....9..889P }}[http://www.burnham-on-sea.com/1981-storm.shtml "1981 Storm in photos – 13 December 1981"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718095516/http://www.burnham-on-sea.com/1981-storm.shtml |date=18 July 2012 }} Burnham-On-Sea.com. 13 December 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2011. In France, the storm caused widespread flooding in the south west, causing considerable damage in the river basins of the Garonne and Adour and flooding Bordeaux.{{lang|fr|italic=no|[http://pluiesextremes.meteo.fr/1981-12-13/inondations-generalisees-sur-le-sud-ouest.html "Inondations généralisées sur le Sud-Ouest"]}}. Météo-France. Retrieved 25 March 2011. Water entered the cooling water pump house of Hinkley Point nuclear power station, causing a shut-down for weeks after the storm.{{cite web|title=Storm event: 13th December 1981 Severe coastal floods in Somerset|url=http://www.surgewatch.org/events/5/|website=SurgeWatch|date=30 March 2006 |access-date=23 May 2015}}{{cite journal|last1=Kirby|first1=Robert|title=Hinkley Point sediment transport, potential impacts of and on new structures|year=2010|url=http://infrastructure.planningportal.gov.uk/wp-content/ipc/uploads/projects/EN010001/2.%20Post-Submission/Application%20Documents/Environmental%20Statement/4.20%20-%20Annex%208%20-%20References/REFERENCED%20REPORTS/HPC-NNBPEA-XX-000-RET-000020.pdf|access-date=23 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120601192238/http://infrastructure.planningportal.gov.uk/wp-content/ipc/uploads/projects/EN010001/2.%20Post-Submission/Application%20Documents/Environmental%20Statement/4.20%20-%20Annex%208%20-%20References/REFERENCED%20REPORTS/HPC-NNBPEA-XX-000-RET-000020.pdf|archive-date=1 June 2012|url-status=dead}}
  • 19 December: Another storm leads to the Penlee lifeboat disaster.
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| Christiansborg storm

| 18 January 1983

| A windstorm affected Denmark, blowing a roof off Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen which killed two.{{cite web|url=https://www.europeana.eu/resolve/record/2023707/BE6EDDECA6A36ECAC243AAC2C5D6C81CC56771F5 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131216213817/http://www.europeana.eu/resolve/record/2023707/BE6EDDECA6A36ECAC243AAC2C5D6C81CC56771F5 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-12-16 |title=Christiansborg, Accident at Christiansborg |first=Steen | last=Jacobsen |access-date=2013-12-16 |publisher=Europeana }}

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| Unnamed

| 13 January 1984

| A Class 4 storm affected Denmark.

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| Ex-Hurricane Charley

| 25 August 1986

| Rainfall records were broken in Ireland (e.g. {{cvt|200|mm|in|disp=sqbr}} in Kippure) with consequent flooding, up to {{cvt|2.4|m|ft}} in Dublin, and the storm also caused flooding in Wales and England. At least eleven people were killed in Ireland and Britain.

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| Unnamed

| 20 October 1986

| A windstorm primarily affecting the Netherlands, Germany and Poland.{{Cite tweet |user=larslowinski |number=789187113560383488|date=20 October 2016 |title=Some places in W #Germany such as #Münster and #Cologne Airport had record #October wind speeds, comparable to the 'big' ones in 1990}}{{Cite tweet |user=larslowinski |number=789186665982009344|date=20 October 2016 |title=A closer look at the model profiles shows that a #stingjet may well have been responsible for the most intense #winds in the late afternoon}}{{Cite tweet |user=larslowinski |number=789185576381460481|date=20 October 2016 |title=30 years ago today: one of the less well known #windstorms in W #Europe: WRF #reanalysis showing simulated IR, SLP + 600m #winds >60-80 kts|access-date=20 October 2016}}

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| Great Storm of 1987

| 15–16 October 1987

| This storm mainly affected southeastern England and northern France. In England maximum mean wind speeds of {{cvt|70|kn|mph km/h}} (an average over 10 minutes) were recorded. The highest gust of {{cvt|117|kn|mph km/h}} was recorded at Pointe du Raz in Brittany. In all, 19 people were killed in England and 4 in France. 15 million trees were uprooted in England. This storm received much media attention, not so much because of its severity, but because these storms do not usually track so far south, the trees and buildings are not used to such winds (indeed, in mid-October most deciduous trees still have their leaves and were therefore more susceptible to windstorm damage and, following weeks of wet weather, the ground was sodden, providing little grip for the trees' roots), the severity of the storm was not forecast until approximately 3 hrs before it hit and it struck after midnight, meaning few people had advance warning.{{Citation needed|date=September 2007}}

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| Scottish windstorm

| 13 February 1989

| During this storm, a gust of {{cvt|123|kn|mph km/h}} was recorded at the Kinnaird Lighthouse (Fraserburgh) on the north-east coast of Scotland. This broke the highest low-level wind speed record for the British Isles. Much higher (unofficial) windspeeds have been recorded on the summit of Cairn Gorm and on Unst in Shetland.

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| 1990 Storm series

| 25 January – 1 March 1990

| 1990 saw 8 storms impacting Europe between January and March.

  • Burns' Day storm (Daria) 25–26 January 1990. Widespread severe gales in the United Kingdom, France, the Benelux countries, and Germany. Isolated gusts of over {{cvt|45|m/s|km/h mph}} were recorded, causing extensive structural damage. The storm tracked across the United Kingdom into mainland Europe, where it was known under the name "Daria" and caused severe damage, especially to forests. In total, insurance losses resulting from this storm totalled about US$6bn.{{Citation needed|date=September 2007}}
  • Herta 1–6 February 1990.
  • Judith 7–8 February 1990.
  • Nana 11–12 February 1990.
  • Ottilie 13–14 February 1990.
  • Polly 14–15 February 1990.
  • Vivian 25–27 February 1990.
  • Wiebke 28 February – 1 March 1990. These storms primarily affected Switzerland and southern Germany and resulted in 64 fatalities.{{cite journal | last1 = Knox | first1 = J. A. | last2 = Frye | first2 = J. D. | last3 = Durkee | first3 = J. D. | last4 = Fuhrmann | first4 = C. M. | year = 2011 | title = Non-Convective High Winds Associated with Extratropical Cyclones | journal = Geography Compass | volume = 5 | issue = 2| pages = 63–89 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-8198.2010.00395.x | bibcode = 2011GComp...5...63K }} Coastal flooding also occurred in Towyn, North Wales.{{cite news|title=Looking back at the Towyn floods of February 1990|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/northwestwales/hi/people_and_places/history/newsid_8516000/8516287.stm|publisher=BBC|access-date=8 May 2012|date=2010-02-18}}{{cite journal|last1=Schüepp|first1=M.|last2=Schiesser|first2=H. H.|last3=Huntrieser|first3=H.|last4=Scherrer|first4=H. U.|last5=Schmidtke|first5=H.|title=The winterstorm 'Vivian' of 27 February 1990: About the meteorological development, wind forces and damage situation in the forests of Switzerland|journal=Theoretical and Applied Climatology|date=1994|volume=49|issue=3|pages=183–200|doi=10.1007/BF00865533|bibcode = 1994ThApC..49..183S |s2cid=121151855}}
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| Undine

| 5–6 January 1991

| Undine crossed Ireland, the UK and Germany becoming one of the costliest storms of the 1990s with and estimated cost of £545m. A storm surge was noted with the storm's passage with waves up to {{cvt|30|m|ft}} high recorded out at sea. The storm was one of three which affected Europe in two weeks.{{cite news|title=The top 10 worst UK storms|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sponsored/motoring/weather-watch/10587590/most-expensive-storms.html|access-date=18 January 2015|newspaper=Telegraph|date=23 January 2014}}

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| Unnamed

| 9 January 1991

| A class 4 storm affected Denmark.

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| Iceland storm (Greenhouse low){{cite journal|last1=Kristjansson|first1=Jon Egill|last2=Thorsteinsson|first2=Sigurdur|title=The structure and evolution of an explosive cyclone near Iceland|journal=Tellus A|date=October 1995|volume=47|issue=5|pages=656–670|doi=10.1034/j.1600-0870.1995.00111.x|bibcode=1995TellA..47..656K}}

| 3 February 1991

| {{cite news|last1=Dixon|first1=Richard|title=CatInsight - Catastrophe model validation, evaluation, research|url=http://www.catinsight.co.uk/single-post/2016/11/21/The-Greenhouse-Low-A-benchmark-European-Windstorm|access-date=17 November 2017|date=21 November 2016}} A severe storm in Iceland saw in the Vestmannaeyjar (south of the Icelandic mainland) winds up to {{cvt|56|m/s|km/h mph}} with gusts probably exceeding {{cvt|62|m/s|km/h mph}}, which was then the maximum the measuring stations were able to measure. Reykjavík reported hurricane-force winds with gusts up to {{cvt|41|m/s|km/h mph}}.{{cite news|last1=Hogsholt|first1=Danny|title=Uhyggelig voldsom: Island ramt af den værste orkan i 25 år i nat|url=http://vejret.tv2.dk/2015-12-08-uhyggelig-voldsom-island-ramt-af-den-vaerste-orkan-i-25-aar-i-nat|access-date=8 December 2015|publisher=TV2|date=8 December 2015|language=da}} In the capital winds blew the roof off the Landspítali National University Hospital, while in Kópavogur the wind was filmed blowing over parked cars.{{cite magazine|last1=Hafstad|first1=Vala|title=How Bad Was the Weather 25 Years Ago?|url=http://icelandreview.com/news/2015/12/07/how-bad-was-weather-25-years-ago|access-date=8 December 2015|magazine=Iceland Review|date=7 December 2015}} 944 hPa.{{cite journal|last1=Gislason|first1=Konrad B.|title=Islands-orkanen den 3. februar 1991|journal=Vejret|date=1991|volume=47|page=3|url=http://dams.dk/Vejret/Vejret47.pdf|access-date=1 November 2017|language=da|issn=0106-5025}}

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| New Year's Day Storm ({{lang|no|Nyttårsorkanen}}) (Hogmanay hurricane)

| 1 January 1992

| This storm affected much of northern Scotland and western Norway, unofficial records of gusts in excess of {{cvt|130|kn|mph km/h}} were recorded in Shetland, while Statfjord-B in the North Sea recorded wind gusts in excess of {{cvt|145|kn|mph km/h}}. DNMI estimated the strongest sustained winds (10 min average) to have reached {{cvt|90|kn|mph km/h}}, comparable to a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale. Very few fatalities occurred, mainly due to the very low population of the islands and the fact that the islanders are used to very high winds.

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| 1993 Storm series

| 8–17 January 1993

|

  • Braer Storm of January 1993, the storm was the most intense extratropical cyclone ever recorded in the North Atlantic, with a central pressure of {{convert|916|mb|inHg|abbr=on}}, the intensity of a Category 5 hurricane. {{cvt|96|mph|km/h}} wind gusts were recorded in the Shetland Isles.{{cite web|title=Braer Storm – 10 January 1993|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/media/pdf/3/8/Braer_Storm_-_10_January_1993.pdf|publisher=Met Office|access-date=2 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227051113/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/media/pdf/3/8/Braer_Storm_-_10_January_1993.pdf|archive-date=27 December 2013|df=dmy-all}}{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=11MgMm96GYQ|title=BBC Forecast on Braer storm|website=YouTube|date=27 February 2012 }}
  • Verena, 13–14 January 1993: A storm with a low of {{convert|980|mb|inHg|abbr=on}} affected the Southern Baltic. During the storm the Polish ferry MS Jan Heweliusz capsizes, with 55 lives lost.{{cite web|title='Jan Heweliusz' spoczywa na dnie Bałtyku już 15 lat|url=http://www.rp.pl/artykul/83273.html|publisher=Rzeczpospolita|access-date=22 April 2012|language=pl|archive-date=4 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004033949/http://www.rp.pl/artykul/83273.html|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|title=Der Orkan "Verena|url=http://www.wetteronline.de/extremwetter/1993-01-14-ve|access-date=21 November 2015|publisher=Wetteronline|date=14 January 1993|language=de}}
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| Lore

| 28 January 1994

| {{cite journal|last1=Hofherr|first1=T|last2=Kunz|first2=M|title=Extreme wind climatology of winter storms in Germany|journal=Climate Research|date=17 March 2010|volume=41|pages=105–123|doi=10.3354/cr00844|url=https://www.int-res.com/articles/cr_oa/c041p105.pdf|access-date=6 August 2015|bibcode=2010ClRes..41..105H|doi-access=free}}{{cite web|title=Lore|url=http://www.europeanwindstorms.org/cgi-bin/storms/storms.cgi?storm1=Lore|website=Extreme Wind Storms Catalogue|publisher=Met Office, University of Reading and University of Exeter|access-date=6 August 2015}}

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| Christmas Eve storm (Yuma)

| 23–25 December 1997

| On Christmas Eve, an intense secondary depression tracked north-east across Scotland, bringing severe gales and heavy rain. The storm caused 6 fatalities, extensive structural damage and disruption to National Grid. Blackpool's North Pier in north-west England was also damaged.{{cite web|title=Storm-hit homes still without power|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/42723.stm|work=BBC News|access-date=10 February 2013}}

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| Fanny

| 1–5 January 1998

| An intense secondary depression crossed Ireland and northern England bringing severe gales to Wales and southern England, with winds gusting up to {{cvt|77|mph|km/h}}. This was probably the most severe storm since the Burns Day Storm of 1990 in southern England and Wales, bringing widespread disruption to power and communications and property, including river and coastal flooding.{{cite web|title=1990-1999|url=http://booty.org.uk/booty.weather/climate/1975_1999.htm|website=Booty Meteorological Information Source|access-date=18 January 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003053817/http://booty.org.uk/booty.weather/climate/1975_1999.htm|archive-date=3 October 2016|df=dmy-all}}

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| Xylia

| 28 October 1998

| {{cite web|title=Xylia|url=http://www.europeanwindstorms.org/cgi-bin/storms/storms.cgi?storm1=Xylia|website=Extreme Wind Storms Catalogue|publisher=Met Office, University of Reading and University of Exeter|access-date=6 August 2015}}

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| Boxing Day Storm (Stephen)

| 26 December 1998

| Severe gales over Ireland, northern England, and southern Scotland. Winds speeds of {{cvt|103|mph|km/h}} were recorded at Prestwick airport, and {{cvt|93|mph|km/h}} in Glasgow. Widespread disruption and power outages in Northern Ireland and southern Scotland. The Forth Road Bridge was fully closed for the first time since its construction in 1964.

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| Anatol

| 3 December 1999

| Hurricane like storm Anatol hits Denmark and neighbouring countries. Killing 7 in Denmark alone. Pressure: {{cvt|952.4|hPa|inHg}}. Wind speeds above {{cvt|85|mph|km/h|order=flip}}, gusts up to {{cvt|115|mph|km/h|order=flip}}.

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| Cyclone Lothar and Martin

| 26–28 December 1999

| France, Switzerland and Germany were hit by severe storms and rain. Over 100 people were killed, and the storm caused extensive damage to property and trees and the French and German national power grids, including an emergency due to flooding at the Blayais Nuclear Power Plant. The first storm in the series, dubbed Lothar by European forecasters, rapidly developed just off of the French coast and swept inland. Each of these systems was associated with an intense jet stream aloft and benefitted from latent heat release through atmosphere-ocean exchange processes. "Lothar" and "Martin", as the second storm was dubbed, were extratropical cyclones and had a hurricane-like shape, with an eye at the center.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} In the first storm, a gust of {{cvt|184|km/h|mph}} was recorded at Ushant (in French Ouessant) in Brittany and in the second storm, the highest gust was of {{cvt|200|km/h|mph}} at Île de Ré in France.

= 2000–2009 =

class="wikitable sortable"
Name (other name)DatesMinimum pressureMeteorological history
Oratia{{Sort|20001030|30 October–5 November 2000}}{{Sort|0941|{{cvt|941|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite journal |doi=10.1002/j.1477-8696.2001.tb06547.x|title=The North Sea storm of 30 October 2000|journal=Weather|volume=56|issue=3|pages=115–116|year=2001|last1=Hewson|first1=Tim|bibcode=2001Wthr...56..115H|s2cid=119744773 }}A deep area of low pressure swept across the United Kingdom bringing gusts in excess of {{cvt|90|mph|km/h}} and severe flooding to Southern England, it was the strongest system of its kind to hit the UK since the Burns Day Storm of 1990. Contributing to the Autumn 2000 western Europe floods.
Janika{{Sort|20011113|13–16 November 2001}}{{Sort|0980|{{cvt|980|hPa|inHg}}}}A severe windstorm hit southern and central Finland, causing damage worth €20 million.{{cite web|title=Storm damages may rise to millions of euros|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/storm_damages_may_rise_to_millions_of_euros/5473430|work=YLE|date=27 December 2011|access-date=30 November 2015}} Northerly winds trailing the low pressure were exceptionally gusty,{{cite web|title=Weather in Finland in 2001|url=http://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/press-release/1018427534|work=Finnish Meteorological Institute|access-date=1 December 2015}} with F2 damage on Fujita scale.
Jeanett{{Sort|20021025|25–31 October 2002}}{{Sort|0975|{{cvt|975|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=October 27, 2002 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2002/brack/bracka20021027.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=21 February 2012}}A strong windstorm ripped through the British Isles, killing 24. Winds peaked at {{cvt|95|mph|km/h}}.{{cite news|title=Powerful Windstorm In Europe Kills At Least 24|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=1aAfAAAAIBAJ&pg=3297,8733936&dq=europe+windstorm&hl=en|access-date=21 February 2012|newspaper=Southeast Missourian|date=28 October 2002}}
Elizabeth

|19–20 November 2004

|

|A storm with {{cvt|170

200|km/h|mph}} wind speed hit the Tatras National Park in Slovakia killed a driver and destroyed {{cvt|12600|ha|acre}} of protected forests changing the landscape forever.{{Cite news|url=https://spectator.sme.sk/c/20476484/high-winds-again-topple-trees-in-high-tatras.html|title=High winds again topple trees in High Tatras|last=a.s.|first=Petit Press|work=spectator.sme.sk|access-date=2018-10-28|language=en}} The estimated damage is €194,966,211.{{Cite journal|last1=Kunca|first1=Andrej|last2=Zúbrik|first2=Milan|date=2006-11-01|title=Vetrová kalamita z 19. novembra 2004|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284168254}}
Dagmar{{Sort|20041216|16–20 December 2004}}{{Sort|0983|{{cvt|983|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=December 20, 2004 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2004/brack/bracka20041220.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}A storm generating {{cvt|80|mph|km/h|order=flip}} winds hit northern France, including Paris, killing 6 people and leaving thousands of homes without power.
January 2005{{Sort|20050107|5–12 January 2005}}{{Sort|0961|{{cvt|961|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=January 9, 2005 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2005/brack/bracka20050109.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}} {{cvt|944|hPa|inHg}}{{cite web|title=January 12, 2005 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2005/brack/bracka20050112.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}* Erwin (Gudrun) 5–12 January 2005. Northern Europe was hit by the storm Erwin (Free University of Berlin), also called Gudrun by the Norwegian weather service, with sustained wind speeds of {{cvt|126|km/h|mph}} and wind gusts of {{cvt|165|km/h|mph}}. About 341,000 homes lost power in Sweden and several thousand of these were out of power for many days and even weeks; about 10,000 homes were still without power after three weeks. The international death toll was at least 17. The storm caused a lot of financial damage in Sweden, where the forest industry suffered greatly from damaged trees. In the south, {{convert|75|e6m3|e6yd3|abbr=unit}} of trees blew down. In the space of 6 hrs, 250,000,000 trees were blown down, and after months of hard work, lorries and drivers from across Europe eventually transported the logs to several sites across the south of Sweden. One huge site was situated on a disused airfield, stretched for {{cvt|2|km|mi}}, {{cvt|14|m|ft}} in height, and 10 piles in width. This was only 2% of the total logs stored, enough to create a {{cvt|3|x|3|m|adj=on}} pile all the way to Australia.

  • Gero 10–19 January 2005 On the evening of the 11th and early morning of the 12th, a ferocious gale swept across Northern Ireland and northwest Scotland. Wind speeds of {{cvt|134|mph|km/h}} (equivalent to a weak Category 4 hurricane) were recorded on North Rona and wind speeds in excess of {{cvt|110|mph|km/h}} measured on South Uist with {{cvt|105|mph|km/h}} on Barra in the Hebrides before the automatic station stopped reporting at 17:00 UTC. Surface pressure reached a minimum of {{convert|946|mb|inHg|abbr=on}} to the west of Scotland.{{cite web|title=Eastern North Atlantic Storm of January 10–12|url=http://www.vos.noaa.gov/MWL/aug_05/north_atlantic.shtml|work=Mariners Weather Log|publisher=NOAA|access-date=28 January 2012}} Stormy seas combined with high spring tides and caused flooding in low-lying coastal areas. One fatality occurred in Ireland and six in Scotland, including a family of five who were swept into the sea after fleeing their house on South Uist. At the height of the storm, 85,000 households in Scotland were without power. On the 13th, all Caledonian MacBrayne ferry services and train services in Scotland were suspended, and many roads were closed due to fallen trees. The Forth Road Bridge was closed for the first time since the 1998 Boxing Day Storm, and the Tay (Dundee) and Friarton (Perth) bridges were also closed to all traffic.
Renate{{Sort|20061002|2–8 October 2006}}{{Sort|0999|{{cvt|999|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=October 4, 2006 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2006/brack/bracka20061004.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}A powerful storm battered the south west coast of France with gusts of {{cvt|150|km/h|mph}} in the coastal areas. The storm uprooted many trees, and many homes remained without power for many hours. Two people were badly injured in a helicopter crash. One person died in a house fire, which originated from a candle that he was using for illumination.
Britta{{Sort|20061029|29 October–4 November 2006}}{{Sort|0979|{{cvt|979|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=November 1, 2006 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2006/brack/bracka20061101.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}In the afternoon of the second and in the night a storm made its way through the North Sea with gusts reaching {{cvt|174|mph}} in Denmark and southern Sweden. The countries affected were Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Germany and Scotland. The storm killed 15 people and detached an oil rig, which then was rescued and pulled back to safety.
Franz{{Sort|20070110|10–13 January 2007}}{{Sort|0951|{{cvt|951|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=January 11, 2007 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2007/brack/bracka20070111.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}A strong depression north of Scotland brought high winds to most of the United Kingdom. A strong jet stream was also present at the time. This system was one of several strong storms to hit the United Kingdom during the winter of 2006–2007, linked to the strong North Atlantic Oscillation event taking place at the time. With a central pressure of {{cvt|951|hPa|inHg}}, sustained winds exceeded {{cvt|60|mph|km/h}} and a gust of {{cvt|94|mph|km/h}} was recorded in Benbecula late on 10 January. Additional hurricane-force gusts were recorded in Scotland. Gale-force winds were recorded in the south of the United Kingdom and in the Midlands, and gusts of over {{cvt|50|mph|km/h}} affected the entire country. Northern areas received gusts of between {{cvt|60|and|90|mph|km/h}}. The depression was named Franz by the Free University of Berlin.

Six fatalities have been confirmed, along with several injuries. Five people were killed when a trawler sank off the coast near Wexford, in Ireland and another person was killed near Taunton, Somerset when a tree crushed his car. Another trawler went missing. Two survivors were recovered. One woman went missing after falling overboard on a ferry near Falmouth. A supermarket in Wales had its roof damaged, and residents across the United Kingdom reported other minor damage. 80,000 homes lost power in Wales. Flooding occurred in several areas, with several rivers overflowing. The Environment Agency issued 59 flood warnings.

Hanno (Per){{Sort|20070109|9–16 January 2007}}{{Sort|0965|{{cvt|965|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=January 14, 2007 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2007/brack/bracka20070114.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=13 February 2012}}The powerful storm Per hit south-western Sweden with wind gusts up to about {{cvt|90|mph|km/h|order=flip}}. Six people were reported dead in different storm-related accidents, thousands of trees were blown down, and thousands of households lost electricity. This storm also caused damage and flooding in Lithuania.
Kyrill{{Sort|20070117|17–23 January 2007}}{{Sort|0963|{{cvt|963|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=January 19, 2007 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2007/brack/bracka20070119.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=13 February 2012}}In the wake of Kyrill, already regarded as one of the most violent and destructive storms in more than a century, storm-warnings were given for many countries in western, central and northern Europe with severe storm-warnings for some areas. Schools in particularly threatened areas had been closed by mid-day, to allow children to get home safely before the storm reached its full intensity in the late afternoon. At least 53 people were killed in northern and central Europe, causing travel chaos across the region. Britain and Germany were the worst hit, with eleven people killed as rain and gusts of up to {{cvt|99|mph|km/h}} with sustained windspeeds of up to {{cvt|73|mph|km/h}} swept the UK. Thirteen people were killed in Germany, with the weather station on top of the Brocken in the Saxony-Anhaltian Harz mountain range recording wind speeds of up to {{cvt|121|mph|km/h|order=flip}}. Direct damage in Germany was estimated to amount to €4.7bn.{{cite web|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/07/1301&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=fr/|title=EUSF|access-date=4 November 2008}} Five people were killed in the Netherlands and three in France. The gusts reached {{cvt|151|km/h|mph}} at the Cap Gris Nez and {{cvt|130|km/h|mph}} in many places in the north of France. In both Germany and the Netherlands the national railways were closed. At Frankfurt International Airport over 200 flights were cancelled.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}}
Uriah{{Sort|20070623|23 June–1 July 2007}}{{Sort|0980|{{cvt|980|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=June 27, 2007 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2007/brack/bracka20070627.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=13 February 2012}}A rather unseasonal weather system brought gale-force winds to the UK, but was more memorable for causing severe flooding, with many areas receiving more than a months' rainfall in a single day. The storm exacerbated existing flooding problems (caused by violent thunderstorms a week earlier) and areas such as Sheffield were worst affected. Over 102 flood warnings were issued, and by 29 June, five people were dead, many areas flooded and there was severe damage to the Ulley reservoir, where cracks appeared in the dam wall, causing fears that it might collapse. 700 people were evacuated from the area. Over 3000 properties were flooded across the country and more than 3,500 people were evacuated from their homes. See June 2007 United Kingdom floods.
Tilo (Andrea){{Sort|20071106|6–11 November 2007}}{{Sort|0974|{{cvt|974|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=November 9, 2007 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2007/brack/bracka20071109.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=18 February 2012}}A strong European windstorm struck Northern Scotland. All schools in Orkney were closed and hundreds of homes lost power. Gusts as high as {{cvt|90|mph|km/h}} were reported, along with early snow for the Scottish highlands. The Northlink ferry company cancelled sailings between Lerwick and Aberdeen. There were also reports of trees and roofs being blown down, such as in Grampian. The combination of Northwesterly winds exceeding {{cvt|60|mph|km/h}}, low pressure and high spring tides led authorities to expect severe flooding in the east of England, to close the Thames Barrier. Many said that these conditions mirrored the North Sea Flood of 1953. In the Netherlands, the Eastern Scheldt storm surge barrier and the gigantic Maeslantkering (sealing off the Rotterdam harbor) were closed. For the first time since 1976, the entire coastline was put on alert and under round-the-clock surveillance. The tidal surge traveling down the North Sea turned out to be too weak to cause any significant problems to the strong Dutch coastal defenses.
Paula{{Sort|20080124|24–27 January 2008}}{{Sort|0971|{{cvt|971|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=January 25, 2008 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2008/brack/bracka20080125.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=18 February 2012}}A strong European windstorm, Paula hit Poland, Germany, Austria, Denmark, Norway and Sweden. At least one person died in Poland.{{cite web|title=Wind storm causes outages across Europe|date=27 January 2008 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna22867635|publisher=NBC News|access-date=9 July 2012}} The gusts reached {{cvt|165|km/h|mph}} in the Eastern Alps, {{cvt|155|km/h|mph}} in Poland, {{cvt|150|km/h|mph}} in Norway and {{cvt|140|km/h|mph}} in Germany.
Emma{{Sort|20080228|28 February–7 March 2008}}{{Sort|0959|{{cvt|959|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=March 1, 2008 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2008/brack/bracka20080301.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=18 February 2012}}A strong European windstorm, Emma hit Germany, Austria, Czech Republic and Poland. At least 12 people died. The gusts reached {{cvt|190|km/h|mph}} in Eastern Alps, {{cvt|170|km/h|mph}} in Poland and {{cvt|140|km/h|mph}} in Germany and Czech Republic. The results were catastrophic.
Klaus{{Sort|20090123|23–27 January 2009}}{{Sort|0963|{{cvt|963|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=January 24, 2009 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2009/brack/bracka20090124.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=18 February 2012}}A European windstorm that hit southern France and northern Spain, said to be the most damaging in the area since that of December 1999. The storm caused widespread damage across the countries, especially in northern Spain. Twelve fatalities have been reported as of 24 January, as well as extensive disruptions of public transport. Many homes lost power, including over a million in southwestern France. The gusts reached {{cvt|206|km/h|mph}}. Wildfires were also in Catalonia and Benidorm.
Quinten{{Sort|20090208|8–13 February 2009}}{{Sort|0975|{{cvt|975|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=February 10, 2009 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2009/brack/bracka20090210.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=18 February 2012}}Severe windstorm across France, the Benelux and Germany in early February. Highest winds were recorded at the Feldberg-Mountain (Black Forest), Germany. Here the gusts reached {{cvt|166|km/h|mph}}.

= 2010–2018 =

class="wikitable sortable"
Name (other name)Dates

!Season

Minimum pressureMeteorological history
Storm Xynthia{{Sort|20100226|26 February–7 March 2010}}

|

{{Sort|0967|{{cvt|967|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=February 28, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2010/brack/bracka20100228.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}A severe windstorm which was generated close to Madeira and from there moved across to the Canary Islands, then Portugal and much of western and northern Spain, before moving on to hit western and southwestern France. The highest gust speeds recorded as of midnight were at approximately 21:30 UTC at Alto de Orduña ({{cvt|228|km/h|mph|disp=sqbr}}). 50 people have been reported to have died.{{cite news|title=At least 50 dead in western Europe storms|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8540762.stm|access-date=15 January 2012|newspaper=BBC|date=28 February 2009}}
Storm Becky

Storm Carmen

|{{Sort|20101119|7–19 November 2010}}

|

{{Sort|0951|{{cvt|951|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=November 11, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2010/brack/bracka20101111.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}Becky originated from a low-pressure area that formed off the southeast coast of Greenland on 7 November 2010.{{cite web|title=November 7, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101107.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|access-date=18 February 2012}} It moved rapidly towards the United Kingdom, deepening to {{cvt|960|hPa|inHg}} on 8 November.{{cite web|title=November 8, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101108.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|access-date=18 February 2012}} While Becky was making landfall on Cornwall on 9 November,{{cite web|title=November 9, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101109.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|access-date=18 February 2012|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031731/http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101109.gif|url-status=dead}} a low-pressure area over Nova Scotia was named Carmen. By 10 November, Becky had weakened and become more elongated, Carmen had moved offshore and began strengthening.{{cite web|title=November 10, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101110.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|access-date=18 February 2012}} On 11 November, Becky had been absorbed by Cyclone Anneli and Carmen had rapidly deepened to {{cvt|965|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|title=November 11, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101111.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|access-date=18 February 2012}} Carmen strengthened slightly on 12 November, while centred just offshore Aberdeen, Scotland.{{cite web|title=November 12, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101112.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|access-date=18 February 2012}} On 13 November, it was centred over Scandinavia. It had split into two vortexes by that time.{{cite web|title=November 13, 2010 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20101113.gif|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|access-date=18 February 2012}} It began moving rapidly to the northeast, and moved out of the Free University of Berlin's tracking charts on 16 November.
Ex-Hurricane Katia{{Sort|20110911|11–18 September 2011}}

|

{{Sort|0954|{{cvt|954|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL132019_Lorenzo}}|title=Hurricane Lorenzo Tropical Cyclone Report|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=NOAA|access-date=28 February 2020}}A tropical depression formed near the Cape Verde Islands in late-August, and strengthened into a Category 4 hurricane on 5 September. However, it later weakened rapidly to a Category 1 the next day. It later struck the United Kingdom with near hurricane-force winds and moved across the rest of northern Europe in the next few days. The remnants of Katia killed a man when a tree blew down on his car.{{cite news|title=Driver killed as hurricane winds batter parts of UK|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14883670|access-date=15 January 2012|newspaper=BBC|date=12 September 2011}} A maximum gust of {{cvt|132|km/h|mph}} was recorded, and caused widespread power outages throughout Europe, as far east as Russia.{{cite news|title=Петербург оправляется от урагана: повалены десятки деревьев, повреждены автомобили|url=http://www.nr2.ru/incidents/348568.html|access-date=15 January 2012|newspaper=NR2|date=15 September 2011}}
Storm Berit (Storm Xaver){{Sort|20111122|22–29 November 2011}}

|

{{Sort|0944|{{cvt|944|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=November 25, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111125.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}A tropical wave that developed east of the Lesser Antilles was first noted for a 10% chance of becoming a tropical or subtropical cyclone by the National Hurricane Center on 19 November.{{cite web|title=November 17, 2011 Atlantic Tropical Weather Outlook|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/gtwo/atl/201111172332/index.php?basin=atl¤t_issuance=201111172332|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=NOAA|access-date=28 January 2012}} The center then said on 21 November that the wave had a 60% chance of becoming a subtropical cyclone, and was also gaining frontal characteristics.{{cite web|title=November 21, 2011 Atlantic Tropical Weather Outlook|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/gtwo/atl/201111212335/index.php?basin=atl¤t_issuance=201111212335|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=NOAA|access-date=28 January 2012}} The system then acquired extratropical features and on 22 November, it was named Xaver by the Free University of Berlin. Xaver then began a rapid strengthening phase, and deepened almost {{convert|30|to|944|mb|inHg|abbr=on}}. Wind gusts reached {{cvt|184|km/h|mph}} in the Faroe Islands causing widespread damage.{{cite news|title=Massive damage as Faroe Islands battered by hurricane-force storm|url=http://www.icenews.is/index.php/2011/11/25/massive-damage-as-faroe-islands-battered-by-hurricane-force-storm|access-date=25 November 2011|newspaper=IceNews|date=25 November 2011|archive-date=27 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127205800/http://www.icenews.is/index.php/2011/11/25/massive-damage-as-faroe-islands-battered-by-hurricane-force-storm/|url-status=dead}} One woman died after her car got blown into a loch in Scotland.{{cite news|title=Severe winds and snow expected across Scotland|url=http://news.stv.tv/scotland/282471-severe-winds-and-snow-warning-across-scotland/|access-date=25 November 2011|newspaper=STV|date=25 November 2011|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002759/http://news.stv.tv/scotland/282471-severe-winds-and-snow-warning-across-scotland/|url-status=dead}}
Storm Friedhelm (Hurricane Bawbag){{Sort|20111207|7–13 December 2011}}

|

{{Sort|0956|{{cvt|956|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=December 9, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111209.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}The system that would become Friedhelm formed over the Labrador Sea on 5 December 2011 with a central pressure of {{convert|997|mb|inHg|abbr=on}}.{{cite web|title=Met Office December 5, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111205.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=29 January 2012}} As the system moved into the North Atlantic Ocean, it was named Friedhelm by the Free University of Berlin. On 8 December at midnight, Friedhelm was located west of the British Isles with a central pressure of {{convert|977|mb|inHg|abbr=on}}.{{cite web|title=Met Office December 8, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111208.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=29 January 2012}} By the next day, 9 December, the large system was located over the North Sea with a deep central pressure of {{convert|956|mb|inHg|abbr=on}}.{{cite web|title=Met Office December 9, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111209.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=29 January 2012}} Friedhelm then weakened as it moved over Scandinavia.{{cite web|title=Met Office December 10, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111210.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=29 January 2012}}

In preparation for the storm, the Met Office issued a red wind warning for the Scottish Central Belt.{{cite news|url=http://www.scotsman.com/edinburgh-evening-news/red_alert_as_weather_warning_issued_for_lothians_1_1993441|title=Red alert as weather warning issued for Lothians|newspaper=The Scotsman|date=7 December 2011|access-date=29 January 2012}} Most schools in Scotland were closed by lunchtime.{{cite web|url=http://www.thecourier.co.uk/News/National/article/19520/scottish-government-asks-schools-to-close-for-severe-gales.html |title=Scottish Government asks schools to close for severe gales |publisher=The Courier |date=8 December 2011 |access-date=29 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110115838/http://www.thecourier.co.uk/News/National/article/19520/scottish-government-asks-schools-to-close-for-severe-gales.html |archive-date=10 January 2012 }} The Forth, Tay, Erskine and Skye Bridges were all closed due to strong winds.{{cite news|title=Stormy winds disrupt schools and transport|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/stormy-winds-disrupt-schools-and-transport-6273915.html|access-date=29 January 2012|newspaper=The Independent|date=8 December 2011}} The summit of CairnGorm recorded a gust up to {{cvt|165|mph|km/h}}, also recording sustained winds up to {{cvt|105|mph|km/h}}.{{cite news|title=Scotland storm blackout hitting thousands|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-16079849|access-date=29 January 2012|newspaper=BBC|date=8 December 2011}}{{cite news|title=Scotland hammered by severe wind storm|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Video-Scotland-hammered-by-severe-wind-storm/tabid/417/articleID/235883/Default.aspx|access-date=29 January 2012|newspaper=3news|date=9 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113153232/http://www.3news.co.nz/Video-Scotland-hammered-by-severe-wind-storm/tabid/417/articleID/235883/Default.aspx|archive-date=13 January 2014|url-status=dead}} As the storm moved into Scandinavia, the Swedish Meteorological Institute issued a Class 2 warning.{{cite web|url=http://www.thelocal.se/37828/20111208/ |title=Warnings as winter storm heads toward Sweden |website=The Local |date=8 December 2011 |access-date=29 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108010758/http://www.thelocal.se/37828/20111208 |archive-date= 8 January 2012 }}

The storm was named Friedhelm on 7 December by the Free University of Berlin and was named Bawbag in Scotland, which became the most common name.

Storm Hergen{{Sort|20111211|11–19 December 2011}}

|

{{Sort|0946|{{cvt|946|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=December 13, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111213.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}On 11 December 2012, an area of low pressure emerged over the northwestern Atlantic Ocean near Newfoundland.{{cite web|title=Windstorm Hergen analysis|work=Institute of Meteorology|publisher=Free University of Berlin|author=Jasmin Krummel|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/wetterpate/Lebensgeschichten/Tief_HERGEN_11_12_11.htm|language=de}} By the next day, Hergen intensified rapidly as it sped across the Atlantic, deepening to {{convert|980|mb|inHg|abbr=on}}. Bombing occurred within the center of the storm and it attained peak intensity on 13 December with a central pressure of {{convert|945|mb|inHg|abbr=on}}, equivalent to a category 4 hurricane. Hergen was so strong that it had absorbed the circulation of another low named 'Gunther'. By this time, the Cairn Gorm weather station had recorded a {{cvt|111|mph|km/h}} wind gust. As Hergen moved northeastwards, it began to weaken while located over the Shetland Isles on 14 December. The storm remained stationary until 16 December offshore the west coast of Norway. The vortex continued to weaken until it dissipated on 20 December.
Storm Joachim{{Sort|20111215|15–21 December 2011}}

|

{{Sort|0968|{{cvt|968|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=December 17, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111217.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}A low-pressure area formed north of Puerto Rico on 13 December and rapidly moved towards Europe. The storm caused power outages and travel disruption in France, Germany, and Switzerland.{{cite web|title=Alert Worldwide Extratropical Cyclone Joachim|url=http://alert.air-worldwide.com/EventSummary.aspx?e=596&tp=31&c=1|access-date=24 December 2011}}
Storm Patrick{{Sort|20111224|24–27 December 2011}}

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{{Sort|0964|{{cvt|964|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=December 26, 2011 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2011/brack/bracka20111226.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}Formed as secondary low to Cato, affecting central Norway,{{cite web|title=Norway counts cost of Christmas hurricane|url=http://www.thelocal.no/page/view/norway-counts-cost-of-christmas-hurricane|access-date=29 December 2011|date=2011-12-27}} Sweden{{cite web|title=Storm Dagmar leaves 'chaos' in its wake |url=http://www.thelocal.se/38150/20111226/ |access-date=28 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227141738/http://www.thelocal.se//38150/20111226/ |archive-date=27 December 2011 |date=2011-12-26 }} and Finland.{{cite web|title=Storm Dagmar cuts power, causes damage across Nordic region |url=http://news.businessweek.com/article.asp?documentKey=1376-LWUT2Z6JTSEF01-7E0PF13N9TN9B0DHB24KSBF3OP |work=Business Week |access-date=28 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426021804/http://news.businessweek.com/article.asp?documentKey=1376-LWUT2Z6JTSEF01-7E0PF13N9TN9B0DHB24KSBF3OP |archive-date=26 April 2012 }} A F2 tornado was reported in Hellesylt, Norway.
Storm Ulli{{Sort|20111231|31 December 2011–6 January 2012}}

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{{Sort|0952|{{cvt|952|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=Windstorm Ulli |url=http://www.rms.com/Catastrophe/Catupdates/CatUpdatePublic.asp?event_id=3422 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201165925/http://www.rms.com/Catastrophe/Catupdates/CatUpdatePublic.asp?event_id=3422 |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 February 2013 |work=RMS |access-date=12 February 2012 }}A weak low pressure system formed over the Mid-west of the United States on 30 December. This low moved into the Atlantic Ocean the next day and was named Ulli by the FU-Berlin. On 2 January, the Met Office began issuing weather warnings for most of the country. Blizzard warnings were issued for northern Scotland, while a heavy rain advisory was issued for southern England. SkyWarn UK also issued their first Particularly Dangerous Situation warning of the year, along with a severe weather warning.{{cite web|title=SkyWarn UK weather warning |url=http://skywarn.org.uk/current.html |work=SkyWarn UK |access-date=2 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808172210/http://skywarn.org.uk/current.html |archive-date= 8 August 2011 }} The storm rapidly deepened 9 millibars in just less than six hours. One person was killed after an oak tree fell on his car.{{cite news|title=Man killed by falling tree as violent storms batter Britain|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/jan/03/violent-storms-disruption-britain?newsfeed=true|access-date=3 January 2012|newspaper=Guardian|date=3 January 2012}} This storm was described as the worst in Scotland since the Boxing Day Storm of 1998 by the UK Met Office.{{cite web|title=Winter storms, early January 2012|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/interesting/2012_janwind|publisher=Met Office|access-date=26 December 2012}}
Storm Andrea{{Sort|20120103|3–9 January 2012}}

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{{Sort|0966|{{cvt|966|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=January 5, 2012 surface analysis|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2012/brack/bracka20120105.gif|work=Met Office|access-date=12 February 2012}}Closely following Cyclone Ulli, the first named storm of 2012 formed southwest of Iceland, moving down into the North Sea affecting UK, Netherlands, Denmark and Germany.{{cite web|title=Extratropical Cyclone Andrea Summary|url=http://alert.air-worldwide.com/EventSummary.aspx?e=599&tp=31&c=1|publisher=Air-worldwide|access-date=30 January 2012}}
Storm Gong{{Sort|20130118|18–24 January 2013}}

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{{Sort|0968|{{cvt|968|hPa|inHg}}}}An explosively deepening cyclone from the Atlantic brought high wind to Portugal. The cities of Lisbon and Porto registered wind gusts of {{cvt|29|and|32.3|m/s|km/h mph}}. Widespread fallen trees and power cables left more than 1 million people without power.{{cite journal|title=Europe and the Middle East|journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: State of the Climate in 2013|page=S189|url=http://www2.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/bams-state-of-the-climate-2013/?|access-date=14 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726040512/http://www2.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/bams-state-of-the-climate-2013/|archive-date=26 July 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}
Storm Christian (St. Jude Storm){{Sort|20131026|26–31 October 2013}}

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{{Sort|0965|{{cvt|965|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|title=October 29, 2013 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Prognose_20131027.gif|work=Free University Berlin|access-date=5 December 2013}}Named after the feast of Saint Jude the Apostle on 28 October, impact N Europe from 27 October. The storm was widely reported in the British press on 25 October, with predicted intensity comparisons made to the Great storm of 1987 and the Burns' Day storm of 1990. It hit the UK, and parts of northern Europe with gusts of up to {{cvt|120|mph|km/h|order=flip}} recorded in Denmark. More than 10 people were killed in the storm.{{cite news|last=Rao|first=Nathan|date=24 October 2013|title=Lightning strikes as biggest storm since 1987 sweeps in|newspaper=Daily Express|url=http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/438817/Lightning-strikes-as-biggest-storm-since-1987-sweeps-in|access-date=25 October 2013}}
2013 Nordic storms13 November – 19 December 2013

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{{Sort|0971|{{cvt|971|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2013/brack/bracka20131117.gif|title=November 17, 2013 surface analysis|work=Free University Berlin|access-date=29 December 2013}}A series of storms affected the Nordic Nations during November and December as high pressure over Europe directed westerly flow over the Atlantic to Northern Europe.

  • Hilde (Otto/Eino) – 13–19 November 2013. {{cvt|971|hPa|inHg}}. The Norwegian meteorological institute issued an extreme weather warning over Hilde, expecting gusts up to {{cvt|45|m/s|km/h mph}} to hit central Norway on 16 November.
  • Oskari (Vincenc) – 29 November – 4 December 2013. {{cvt|976|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2013/brack/bracka20131201.gif|title=December 1, 2013 surface analysis|work=Met Office|access-date=29 December 2013}} Named by the Finnish Meteorological Institute.
  • Ivar (Seija){{cite news|title=Stormen mattas av före tio|url=http://hbl.fi/nyheter/2013-12-13/541626/stormen-mattas-av-fore-tio|access-date=13 December 2013|newspaper=Hufudstadsbladet|archive-date=13 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213110453/http://hbl.fi/nyheter/2013-12-13/541626/stormen-mattas-av-fore-tio|url-status=dead}} – 10–17 December 2013. {{cvt|977|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2013/brack/bracka20131213.gif|title=December 13, 2013 surface analysis|work=Met Office|access-date=29 December 2013}} With a route and intensity similar to Hilde, Ivar once again brought hurricane-force winds to central Norway. In Sweden the storm left 55,000 across Norrland without power.{{cite news|title=Storm Ivar leaves thousands without power|url=http://www.thelocal.se/20131213/storm-ivar-leaves-thousands-without-power-sweden|access-date=13 December 2013|newspaper=The Local (se)|date=13 December 2013}} Near record level winds were reported from Finland, where 200,000 were left without power.{{cite news|title=Storm brings near-record high winds|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/storm_brings_near-record_high_winds/6982983|access-date=13 December 2013|newspaper=YLE|date=13 December 2013}} Estonia saw winds up to {{cvt|115|km/h|mph}} and 45,000 homes without electricity.{{cite news|title=Storm Damage: 45,000 Households Without Power|url=http://news.err.ee/v/society/b7a515bc-7ccc-4802-937b-c79c4075e937|access-date=13 December 2013|newspaper=Estonian Public Broadcasting|date=13 December 2013}}
  • Zaki – 12–16 December 2013 and Adam 14–19 December 2013. {{cvt|952|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2013/brack/bracka20131216.gif|title=December 16, 2013 surface analysis|work=Met Office|access-date=29 December 2013}} Faroese authorities measured at Oyndarfjørður on the island of Eysturoy extreme gusts measured at {{cvt|73.9|m/s|km/h mph}} which, according to official measurements may be a new record, higher than {{cvt|66.9|m/s|km/h mph}} recorded at Mykines in March 1997.{{cite news|last=Brandt|first=Anders|title=Færøerne ramt af rekordvoldsomt vindstød|url=http://vejret.tv2.dk/artikel/id-73110818:f%C3%A6r%C3%B8erne-ramt-af-rekordvoldsomt-vindst%C3%B8d.html|access-date=18 December 2013|newspaper=TV2|date=15 December 2013|language=da}} Though local orographic effects may prevent this wind speed reaching the record books.
Storm Xaver{{Sort|20130312|4–11 December 2013}}

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{{Sort|0962|{{cvt|962|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|url=http://www.wetterzentrale.de/archive/2013/brack/bracka20131206.gif|title=December 6, 2013 surface analysis|work=Met Office|access-date=6 December 2013}}Force 12 winds were forecast over the North Sea on 5 December. The system impacted densely populated areas in the UK, Denmark, Sweden, Germany and Poland. In Denmark, the storm was named Bodil.{{cite news|title=Stormen "Bodil" rammer Danmark og går i land over Vestjylland torsdag middag|language=da|newspaper=Danish Meteorological Institute|url=http://www.dmi.dk/vejr/tjenester/varsler/varsel-kommentar/|access-date=4 December 2013}}
2013–2014 Atlantic winter storms in Europe{{Sort|20131221|17 December 2013–20 February 2014}}

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{{Sort|0927|{{cvt|927|hPa|inHg}}}}* Bernd (Emily){{cite news|title=Christmas will be a washout as storms continue|url=http://travel.aol.co.uk/2013/12/19/christmas-weather-forecast-wet-and-windy-snow/|access-date=19 December 2013|newspaper=AOL Travel|date=19 December 2013}} – {{Sort|20131217|17–21 December 2013}}. {{Sort|0941|{{cvt|941|hPa|inHg}}}}.{{cite journal|last1=Burt|first1=Stephen|title=Britain's lowest barometric pressure since 1886|journal=Weather|date=March 2014|volume=69|issue=3|pages=79–81|doi=10.1002/wea.2285|bibcode=2014Wthr...69...79B|doi-access=free}} An area of low pressure from the Atlantic brought wind gusts to the west of Ireland of {{cvt|133|km/h|mph}} causing power outages to 22,000 homes, and widespread disruption. Eight people were injured with one fatality reported in the country. The low also brought strong winds across Scotland and areas of England where one person was reported missing after falling from a cargo ship into the river Trent. Flood warnings were also raised across Scotland and Southwest England.{{cite news|title=19 Dec 2013: Ireland, UK, Brazil – Severe Weather |url=http://ercportal.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ERCMaps/ECDM_20131219_World_SevereWeather.pdf |access-date=19 December 2013 |newspaper=EU European Response Centre, ECHO Daily Map |date=19 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220053842/http://ercportal.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ERCMaps/ECDM_20131219_World_SevereWeather.pdf |archive-date=20 December 2013 }}

  • Dirk – 21–28 December 2013. {{Sort|0927|{{cvt|927|hPa|inHg}}}}.{{cite web|title=Analysis 24/12/2013|url=http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncep-charts/hires/20131224/gdas.sfc.mslp.thk.nh.anl.12.20131224.gif|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140209143747/http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/ncep-charts/hires/20131224/gdas.sfc.mslp.thk.nh.anl.12.20131224.gif|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 February 2014|publisher=NOAA|access-date=9 February 2014}}{{cite news|title=Winter storms, December 2013 to January 2014|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/interesting/2013-decwind|access-date=14 February 2014|newspaper=Met Office|date=12 February 2014}} The UK Met Office issued national severe weather warnings for wind and rain across southwest and northern areas of the UK for 23 and 24 December.{{cite web|title=Another December storm and the chance of a White Christmas|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/news/releases/archive/2013/december-storm-christmas|publisher=Met Office|access-date=22 December 2013}}
  • Erich – 25 December 2013 – 1 January 2014. {{cvt|945|hPa|inHg}}.
  • Weather fronts associated with the lows Felix and Gerhard passed over the UK (30–31 December and 2 January), which brought further rainfall and some stormy conditions.
  • Anne – 1–6 January 2014. {{cvt|949|hPa|inHg}}. Anne was a winter storm that affected western Europe bringing storm surges along the coasts of France and the United Kingdom on high spring tides a month after Cyclone Xaver brought surges during the previous peak tides to northern Europe.
  • Christina – 3–10 January 2014. {{cvt|934|hPa|inHg}}. An area of low pressure responsible for a winter storm in the US and Canada moved over the Atlantic and was named Christina by the Free University Berlin on 3 January.
  • Nadja (Brigid) – 29 January – 5 February 2014. {{cvt|945|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20140201.gif|title=February 1, 2014 surface analysis|access-date=5 February 2014|work=Free University Berlin}} Coastal flooding and damaging seas from Scotland to Spain, reports of a missing teenager in northern Spain{{cite news|title=Teenager missing as fierce storms lash Spain|url=http://www.thelocal.es/20140205/teenager-missing-as-fierce-seas-lash-spain|access-date=5 February 2014|newspaper=The Local es|date=3 February 2014}} and woman washed away on the south coast of the UK.
  • Petra – 3–8 February 2014. {{cvt|950|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20140205.gif|title=February 5, 2014 surface analysis|access-date=5 February 2014|work=Free University Berlin}} Another coastal event with high seas washing away the railway line at Dawlish, Devon closing the Exeter to Plymouth line. Coastal flooding and high waves from Ireland to Spain, with Cork flooded again. The Cargo ship Luno is washed ashore and breaks in two near Bayonne, France raising fears of a pollution incident.
  • Qumaira – 4–8 February 2014. {{cvt|975|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Prognose_20140206.gif|title=February 7, 2014 surface analysis|access-date=15 February 2014|work=Free University Berlin}} 36 French departments were placed on orange alert, with further flooding across Brittany, a wind gust of {{cvt|128|km/h|mph}} was recorded at I'lle d'Yeu, Vendée.{{cite news|title=La tempête Qumeira menace le tiers nord-ouest, 36 départements en vigilance orange|url=http://www.liberation.fr/societe/2014/02/06/intemperies-le-finistere-en-vigilance-rouge-pour-les-crues_978316|access-date=13 February 2014|newspaper=Liberation|date=6 February 2014|language=fr}}
  • Ruth (Charlie) – 6–11 February 2014. {{cvt|945|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|title=February 8, 2014 surface analysis|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20140208.gif|access-date=15 February 2014|work=Free University Berlin}} Mumbles, near Swansea recorded a high wind of {{cvt|78|mph|km/h}}, Ciloerwent in Powys recorded a rainfall total of {{cvt|32|mm|in}} over 12 hours.{{cite news|last=Mainwaring|first=Rachel|title=Wales weather: Storm Ruth batters the country, causing flooding, power delays and traffic chaos|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/wales-weather-storm-ruth-batters-6688463|access-date=14 February 2014|newspaper=Wales Online|date=9 February 2014}}
  • Stephanie – 8–15 February 2014. {{cvt|981|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.opc.ncep.noaa.gov/Loops/Atlantic_February_2014/Charts2.php|title=February 10, 2014 surface analysis|access-date=26 April 2016|work=NOAA Ocean Prediction Center|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601042445/http://www.opc.ncep.noaa.gov/Loops/Atlantic_February_2014/Charts2.php|archive-date=1 June 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} Taking a more southerly track than most recent areas of low pressure, impacting the Iberian Peninsula and southern France before heading across the Mediterranean towards Italy. The Portuguese weather institute put the entire coast of Portugal on red alert on account of expected high seas and gale-force winds.{{cite news|title=The Day's Best |url=http://www.newsobserver.com/2014/02/10/3609885/the-days-best-021014.html |access-date=11 February 2014 |newspaper=News Observer |date=10 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307234609/http://www.newsobserver.com/2014/02/10/3609885/the-days-best-021014.html |archive-date=7 March 2014 }}
  • Tini (Darwin) – 10–17 February 2014. {{cvt|960|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20140213.gif|title=February 13, 2014 surface analysis|access-date=15 February 2014|work=Free University Berlin}} The UK Met Office issued a rare red warning of wind for North Wales and north western England. Met Eireann issued a red alert for southwest Ireland in counties Cork and Kerry.
  • Ulla – 12–20 February 2014. {{cvt|960|hPa|inHg}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20140215.gif|title=February 15, 2014 surface analysis|access-date=15 February 2014|work=Free University Berlin}} In the UK the winds from Ulla were weaker than from Tini.{{cite news|title=Dépression Ulla – tempête et inondations en Bretagne|url=http://www.meteo-paris.com/actualites/depression-ulla-tempete-et-inondations-en-bretagne-16-fevrier-2014.html|access-date=30 March 2014|newspaper=Meteo-Paris.com|date=16 February 2014|language=fr}} Thirty people were evacuated from a waterfront restaurant in Milford during a Valentine's Day meal after the windows were smashed down by high seas and winds. 140,000 without power in the wake of the storm in the UK.
Nordic Spring Storms{{Sort|20140308|8–24 March 2014}}

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The first three weeks of March 2014 saw areas of low pressure repeatedly cross Norway from the North Atlantic, coming in from the Norwegian Sea across to the Barents Sea. These storms brought with them warm and humid/moist air from the south west.{{cite news|last=Toppe|first=Ronald|title=Mars var mild og våt|url=http://www.tv2.no/2014/04/03/storm/manedsoversikt/vinter/5468935#.Uz055RDPbAm|access-date=4 April 2014|newspaper=TV2|date=3 April 2014}}

  • Jorun (Norway) (unnamed by FUB) – In early March high pressure built over UK and western Europe for first time in months (since December), directing the Atlantic storm path to the north.{{cite news|last=Schafernaker|first=Tomasz|title=High times for the UK|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/features/26485443|access-date=8 March 2014|newspaper=BBC Weather|date=7 March 2014}} An area of low pressure designated extreme weather and named Jorun by Norwegian Meteorological Institute on 8 March 2014 brought hurricane-force winds to northern Norway.
  • Kyrre (Norway) – Another extreme weather event named by Norwegian Meteorological Institute as Kyrre affected north (Nordland and Troms) Norway on 13–14 March with extreme precipitation and wind. Up to {{cvt|90|mm|in}} fell in 24 hours, flooding, landslides and closing roads in Nordland and Troms.
  • Carl (DMI) Ev (FUB) – 14–15 March. An intense low pressure brought high winds which damaged buildings and forestry in southern Norway on 14 March, with Hordaland recording the strongest winds in 20 years. though the low didn't reach hurricane strength in Denmark.{{cite news|title=Stormen Carl er blæst videre efter et kort visit|url=http://politiken.dk/indland/vejret/ECE2235897/stormen-carl-er-blaest-videre-efter-et-kort-visit/|access-date=7 April 2014|newspaper=Politiken|date=15 March 2014|language=da}} Investigated by Perils AG and non-qualifying (losses less than €200 million).
  • Pentti (FMI) Hannelore III (FUB) – On 21–22 March, an area of low pressure drew across western Norway. In Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane many places saw more than {{cvt|100|mm|in}} of precipitation in 24 hours, resulting in several landslides, which among other things led to five homes being evacuated in Nordheimsund. From 24 March an area of high pressure began to build across southern and mid Norway. The low passed over Finland leaving 20,000 without power.{{cite news|title=Sähkökatkot Pentti-myrskyn jäljiltä pääosin korjattu|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/sahkokatkot_pentti-myrskyn_jaljilta_paaosin_korjattu/7150597|access-date=13 August 2014|publisher=YLE|date=22 March 2014|language=fi}}
Storm Lena{{Sort|201403008|7–11 August 2014}}

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{{Sort|985|{{cvt|985|hPa|inHg}}}}An unusually powerful area of low pressure for the time of year brought record winds to the west of Norway ahead of ex-Hurricane Bertha, the highest gust of {{cvt|42.0|m/s|km/h mph}} was recorded at Kråkenes Lighthouse.{{cite news|title=Ekstremværet Lena har blåst fra seg|url=http://met.no/Ekstremv%C3%A6ret+Lena+har+bl%C3%A5st+fra+seg.b7C_xdnIYb.ips|access-date=10 August 2014|publisher=Norwegian Meteorological Institute|date=10 August 2014|language=no|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812211656/http://met.no/Ekstremv%C3%A6ret+Lena+har+bl%C3%A5st+fra+seg.b7C_xdnIYb.ips|archive-date=12 August 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}{{cite news|last1=Sundfjord Otterlei|first1=Simen|last2=Hjetland|first2=Geir Bjarte|title="Lena" satte over 40 vindrekorder|url=http://www.nrk.no/hordaland/_lena_-satte-over-40-vindrekorder-1.11872095|access-date=10 August 2014|publisher=NRK|date=10 August 2014|language=no}}
Storm Alexandra

Storm Billie

|{{Sort|20141207|7–15 December 2014}}

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{{Sort|950|{{cvt|950|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20141209.gif|title=December 9, 2014 surface analysis|date=9 December 2014|access-date=14 December 2014}}
{{Sort|975|{{cvt|975|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Analyse_20141213.gif|title=December 13, 2014 surface analysis|date=13 December 2014|access-date=14 December 2014}}
* Explosive cyclogenesis over North Atlantic brought severe winds, flooding and thunderstorms to the northwestern parts of the UK. More than 30 000 households were left without power.{{cite news|title=Power restored as 'weather bomb' storm subsides|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-30402293|access-date=10 December 2014|newspaper=BBC|date=10 December 2014}}

  • A secondary low to Alexandra named Billie by FUB was named by SMHI as Alexander formed over southern England and developed en route to the Baltic region.{{cite news|title=Stormen Alexander har dragit förbi|url=http://www.smhi.se/nyhetsarkiv/stormen-alexander-har-dragit-forbi-1.82363|access-date=14 December 2014|publisher=SMHI|date=13 December 2014|language=sv}} Two people were killed in Germany.{{cite web|url=http://www.haz.de/Nachrichten/Panorama/Uebersicht/Zwei-Tote-nach-Sturm-Billie-in-Deutschland|title=Zwei Tote nach Sturm "Billie" in Deutschland|date=14 December 2014|access-date=14 December 2014}}
Storm Elon

Storm Felix

|{{Sort|10150107|7–11 January 2015}}

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|{{Sort|955|{{cvt|955|hPa|inHg}}}}{{cite web|url=http://www.met.fu-berlin.de/de/wetter/maps/Prognose_20150109.gif|title=January 10, 2015 surface analysis|date=9 January 2015|access-date=11 January 2015}}

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  • Elon (Dagmar){{cite news|last1=Siewertsen|first1=Bjarne|url=http://www.dmi.dk/nyheder/arkiv/nyheder-2015/01/stormen-hedder-dagmar/|title=Stormen hedder Dagmar|date=8 January 2015|access-date=9 January 2015|publisher=DMI|language=da}} A gust of {{cvt|113|mph|km/h}} was recorded in Stornoway, Isle of Lewis – the strongest gust since the station first began recording in 1970.{{cite news|last1=Duffy|first1=Owen|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/jan/09/scotland-railways-reopen-after-110mph-winds|title=Engineers battle to reopen Scotland's railways after 110mph winds|date=9 January 2015|access-date=9 January 2015|newspaper=Guardian}}
  • Felix (Egon){{cite news|url=http://www.dmi.dk/nyheder/arkiv/nyheder-2015/01/weekendens-anden-storm-hedder-egon/|title=Weekendens anden storm hedder Egon|date=9 January 2015|access-date=9 January 2015|publisher=DMI|language=da}} Also named as extreme weather Nina in Norway.{{cite news|last1=Bækken|first1=Trond Ivar|url=http://artikkel.yr.no/lordag-kommer-_nina_-1.12141167|title=Lørdag kommer "Nina"|date=9 January 2015|access-date=9 January 2015|publisher=yr.no|language=no}}
Storm Ole

|{{Sort|20150206|6–9 February 2015}}

|

|{{cvt|965|hPa|inHg}}

|Ole named by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute (Othmar FUB, Laina Finland) brought record breaking winds to some locations in Northern Norway and Swedish Lapland.{{cite news|url=http://www.smhi.se/nyhetsarkiv/ole-gav-nagra-nya-vindrekord-i-norr-1.84643|title=Ole gav några nya vindrekord i norr|date=9 February 2015|access-date=9 February 2015|publisher=SMHI|language=sv}}{{cite news|url=http://met.no/Ekstremv%C3%A6ret+Ole+satte+nye+rekorder.b7C_xdrKYd.ips|title=Her blåste det mest under ekstremværet Ole|date=9 February 2015|access-date=9 February 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209202612/http://met.no/Ekstremv%C3%A6ret+Ole+satte+nye+rekorder.b7C_xdrKYd.ips|archive-date=9 February 2015|publisher=Norwegian Meteorological Institute|language=no|df=dmy-all}}

Storm Niklas

|{{Sort|20150329|29 March – 3 April 2015}}

|

|{{cvt|971.4|hPa|inHg}}{{cite news|last1=Haeseler|first1=Susanne|url=http://www.dwd.de/bvbw/generator/DWDWWW/Content/Oeffentlichkeit/KU/KU2/KU24/besondere__ereignisse__global/stuerme/20150331__NIKLAS__deutschland,templateId=raw,property=publicationFile.pdf/20150331_NIKLAS_deutschland.pdf|title=Orkantief NIKLAS wütet am 31.März 2015 über Deutschland|date=1 April 2015|access-date=1 April 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923225756/http://www.dwd.de/bvbw/generator/DWDWWW/Content/Oeffentlichkeit/KU/KU2/KU24/besondere__ereignisse__global/stuerme/20150331__NIKLAS__deutschland,templateId=raw,property=publicationFile.pdf/20150331_NIKLAS_deutschland.pdf|archive-date=23 September 2015|publisher=Deutscher Wetterdienst|last2=Lefebvre|first2=Christiana|language=de}}

|Niklas is believed to be one of the strongest storms in Germany in recent years,{{cite news|url=http://www.thelocal.de/20150331/storm-shuts-down-nrw-train-lines|title=Storm Niklas kills at least three, stops trains|date=31 March 2015|access-date=31 March 2015|publisher=The Local (de)}} preceded by the low Mike which also brought hurricane strength winds to Europe. also named Lentestorm (spring storm) by KNMI, affected areas of western and central Europe with widespread disruption to air, shipping and road transport at the end of March 2015. The storm also caused forestry and property damage, power outages, and led to the loss of several lives.

Storm Zeljko

|{{sort|20150722|22–30 July 2015}}

|

|{{cvt|995|hPa|inHg}}

|An unusually strong storm developed over the North Sea for the time of year, which according to KNMI is the strongest storm of its type witnessed in the Netherlands during summer.{{cite news|url=http://www.knmi.nl/cms/content/123603/weeralarm_voor_zware_zomerstorm|title=Weeralarm voor zware zomerstorm|date=26 July 2015|access-date=26 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150728193909/http://www.knmi.nl/cms/content/123603/weeralarm_voor_zware_zomerstorm|archive-date=28 July 2015|publisher=KMNI|language=nl}}{{cite news|last1=Bachmeier|first1=Scott|url=http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/archives/19018|title=Strong July storm "Zeljko" affects parts of central Europe « CIMSS Satellite Blog|date=25 July 2015|work=cimss.ssec.wisc.edu|access-date=14 June 2018}}(NL)

Storm Diddú

|{{sort|20151206|6–11 December 2015}}

|2015–2016

|{{cvt|944|hPa|inHg}}

|{{cite news|last1=Finsson|first1=Luna|url=http://www.icenews.is/2015/12/07/extreme-storm-to-hit-iceland-stay-inside/|title=Extreme Storm to Hit Iceland: Stay Inside!|date=7 December 2015|access-date=7 December 2015|publisher=Icenews}} A severe storm affected Iceland, and was given the local name Diddú on Twitter.{{cite news|last1=Sigurjonsdottir|first1=Sol|url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/Voldsomt-uvar-herjer-pa-Island---myndighetene-har-erklart-unntakstilstand-8274872.html|title=Voldsomt uvær herjer på Island – myndighetene har erklært unntakstilstand|date=7 December 2015|access-date=8 December 2015|newspaper=Aftenposten|language=no}}{{cite news|url=http://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/culture_and_living/2015/12/09/storm_diddu_has_passed_but_who_is_diddu/|title=Storm Diddú has passed – but who is Diddú?|date=9 December 2015|access-date=12 December 2015|publisher=Iceland Monitor}} The storm brought maximum wind gusts of {{cvt|72.6|m/s|km/h mph}} to the East Iceland weather station at Hallormsstaðaháls, with hurricane-force winds reported from 33 weather stations in the country, and was the worst storm to affect Iceland since 1991.{{cite news|url=http://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/nature_and_travel/2015/12/08/iceland_sees_double_hurricane_force_winds/|title=Iceland sees double hurricane force winds|date=8 December 2015|access-date=8 December 2015|publisher=Iceland Monitor}}

Storm Egon

|{{sort|20170112|12–13 January 2017}}

|2016–2017

|{{cvt|981|hPa|inHg}}

|Egon was the first storm to surpass the Perils.org reporting threshold of €200 million since storm Niklas in 2015.{{cite news|url=http://www.insurancejournal.com/news/international/2017/02/23/442629.htm|title=Europe's Windstorm Egon to Cost Insurers an Estimated US$223.3M: PERILS|date=23 February 2017|access-date=21 March 2017|publisher=Insurance Journal}}

Storm Doris

|{{sort|20170223|23–28 February 2017}}

|2016–2017

|{{cvt|974|hPa|inHg}}

|{{cite news|url=http://www.artemis.bm/blog/2017/02/24/european-windstorm-thomasdoris-could-be-costliest-of-season/|title=European windstorm Thomas/Doris could be costliest of season|date=24 February 2017|access-date=23 August 2017|publisher=Artemis.bm - The Catastrophe Bond, Insurance Linked Securities & Investment, Reinsurance Capital, Alternative Risk Transfer and Weather Risk Management Blog}}

Storm Zeus

|{{sort|20170106|5–8 March 2017}}

|2016–2017

|{{cvt|996|hPa|inHg}}

|Zeus affected France on a trajectory stretching from Brittany to the Italian border. Zeus was not named by a national meteorological agency but was widely used in French media, believed to be a misappellation of another low named by the Free University of Berlin charts

Storm Xavier

|{{sort|20171004|4–6 October 2017}}

|2017–2018

|{{cvt|985|hPa|inHg}}

|

Ex-Hurricane Ophelia

|{{sort|20171016|16–17 October 2017}}

|2017–2018

|{{cvt|959|hPa|inHg}}

|

Storm Herwart

|{{sort|20171028|28–29 October 2017}}

|2017–2018

|{{cvt|970|hPa|inHg}}

|

Storm Eleanor

|{{sort|20180102|2–3 January 2018}}

|2017–2018

|{{cvt|966|hPa|inHg}}

|

Storm David

|{{sort|20180118|18 January 2018}}

|2017–2018

|{{cvt|974|hPa|inHg}}

|Schiphol closed. Record winds recorded in Rotterdam. Deutsche Bahn cancelled all long-distance services. At least 10 dead in Germany.{{Cite news|url=http://www.sueddeutsche.de/panorama/fernverkehr-friederike-deutsche-bahn-nimmt-betrieb-wieder-auf-1.3832103|title=Die Bilanz von "Friederike"|date=2018-01-19|newspaper=Sueddeutsche.de}} Record winds recorded at Brocken: {{cvt|203|km/h|mph}}. Damage estimated at €1 billion{{cite news|url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/sturmschaeden-friederike-101.html|title="Friederike" kostet rund eine Milliarde Euro|date=25 January 2018|work=Tagesschau (ARD)|access-date=25 January 2018}} to €2.6bn.{{Cite web|url=http://www.businessinsurance.com/article/20180126/NEWS06/912318787/Storm-Friederike-insured-losses-as-high-as-$322B-AIR-Worldwide|title=Storm Friederike insured losses mount|date=26 January 2018 }} Deutsche Bahn has decided to hire an additional 150 foresters because of damaged incurred by the storm.{{cite news|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/gesellschaft/ungluecke/friederike-bahn-will-mehr-in-sturmsicherheit-investieren-15409661.html|title=Bahn will mehr Geld in Sturmsicherheit investieren|date=21 January 2018|work=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung|access-date=28 August 2018}}

= Since 2019 =

class="wikitable sortable"
Official name

!Formed

!Dissipated

!Season

Minimum pressure

!Highest wind gust

!Damage (GBP/EUR)

Areas affected

!Notes

Ex-Hurricane Lorenzo

|{{sort|20190923|23 September 2019}}

|{{sort|20191004|4 October 2019}}

|2019–2020

|{{convert|954|hPa|inHg|abbr=}}

|{{convert|101|mph|kph|abbr=}}

|£284 million / €330 million{{Cite web|url=https://www.jn.pt/local/noticias/acores-grupo-oriental/ponta-delgada/furacao-lorenzo-provocou-prejuizos-de-330-milhoes-de-euros-11405185.html|title=Furacão "Lorenzo" provocou prejuízos de 330 milhões de euros - JN|website=www.jn.pt|language=pt|access-date=2020-02-28}}

|West Africa, Cape Verde, Lesser Antilles, Eastern United States, Azores, United Kingdom, Ireland, France

|

Storm Ciara

|{{sort|20200207|07 February 2020}}

|{{sort|20200216|16 February 2020}}

|2019–2020

{{convert|943|hPa|inHg|abbr=}}

|{{convert|136|mph|kph|abbr=}}

|{{Sort|1,600,000,000|£1.6 billion / €1.9 billion}}{{Cite web|url=https://alert.air-worldwide.com/EventSummary.aspx?e=938&tp=31&c=1|title=ALERT :: Event Summary|website=alert.air-worldwide.com|access-date=2020-02-28}}

United Kingdom, Ireland, Isle of Man, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Central Europe, Spain

|

Storm Dennis

|{{sort|20200213|13 February 2020}}

|{{sort|20200219|19 February 2020}}

|2019–2020

|{{convert|920|hPa|inHg|abbr=}}

|{{convert|140|mph|kph|abbr=}}

|{{Sort|260,000,000|£234 million / €260 million}}{{Cite web|last=Lucas|first=Paul|title=Revealed – initial loss estimate for Storm Dennis|url=https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/uk/news/breaking-news/revealed--initial-loss-estimate-for-storm-dennis-218305.aspx|access-date=2020-08-19|website=www.insurancebusinessmag.com|language=en}}

|United Kingdom, Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark, Germany

|

Storm Ellen

|18 August 2020

|20 August 2020

|2019–2020

|{{convert|966|hPa|inHg|abbr=}}

|{{convert|89|mph|kph|abbr=}}

|

|United Kingdom, Ireland

|

  • It was the most powerful extratropical cyclone to hit the British Isles in August on record, with a minimum pressure of 966.4hPa and a maximum sustained wind speed of {{convert|111|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} at County Cork in Ireland.{{Cite news|date=2020-08-20|title=NI avoids worst of Storm Ellen but warnings remain|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-53845338|access-date=2020-08-21}}
  • Another rapidly deepening Atlantic low-pressure system named Storm Francis on 24 August 2020 approached the British Isles less than a week later.

See also

References

{{Reflist}}