List of Northern Cordilleran volcanoes

There is no single standard definition for a volcano. It can be defined from individual vents, volcanic edifices or volcanic fields. Interior of ancient volcanoes may have been eroded, creating a new subsurface magma chamber as a separate volcano. Many contemporary volcanoes rise as young parasitic cones from flank vents or at a central crater. Some volcanoes are grouped into one volcano name, for instance, the Mount Edziza volcanic complex, although individual vents are named by local people. The status of a volcano, either active, dormant or extinct, cannot be defined precisely. An indication of a volcano is determined by either its historical records, potassium-argon dating, radiocarbon dating, or geothermal activities.

The primary source of the list below is taken from the Geological Survey of Canada website, compiled by the Earth Sciences Sector of Natural Resources Canada, in which Northern Cordilleran volcanoes in the past 66.4 million years are listed.{{cite web|title=Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes |publisher=Geological Survey of Canada |date=2008-02-13 |url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/belt_stikine_e.php |access-date=2009-06-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608031644/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/belt_stikine_e.php |archive-date=2009-06-08 }} The Geological Survey of Canada use a catalogue of volcanoes grouped by volcano fields, lava fields and mountain ranges. The Geological Survey of Canada list is the most complete list of volcanoes in the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province, but work of understanding the frequency and eruption characteristics at volcanoes in Canada is a slow process.{{cite web|title=Volcanoes |publisher=Natural Resources Canada |date=2007-09-05 |url=http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/environment/naturalhazards/volcanoes/1 |access-date=2009-06-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217001048/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/environment/naturalhazards/volcanoes/1 |archive-date=2009-02-17 }} This is because most of Canada's dormant and potentially active volcanoes are located in isolated jagged regions, very few scientists study Canadian volcanoes and the provision of money in the Canadian government is limited. Because of these issues, scientists that study Canada's volcanoes have a basic understanding of Canada's volcanic heritage and how it might impact people in the future. Therefore, instead of using the dates of recorded eruptions, the Geological Survey of Canada mostly uses geological epochs for estimating when a volcano last erupted. Geological epoches include the Cenozoic (66.4 million years ago to present)

{{cite web|title=Chikoida Mountain |work=Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes |publisher=Geological Survey of Canada |date=2009-03-10 |url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_chm_133 |access-date=2009-06-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604191317/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_chm_133 |archive-date=2011-06-04 }} and its subdivisions Miocene (23.7 to 5.3 million years ago),{{cite web|title=Armadillo Peak|work=Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes|publisher=Geological Survey of Canada|date=2009-03-10|url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_adp_137|access-date=2009-06-22|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716024705/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_adp_137|archive-date=2011-07-16}} Pliocene (5.3 to 1.6 million years ago),{{cite web|title=Maitland Volcano|work=Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes|publisher=Geological Survey of Canada|date=2009-03-10|url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_mvo_072|access-date=2009-06-22}} Quaternary (1.6 million years ago to present),{{cite web|title=Cracker Creek cone|work=Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes|publisher=Geological Survey of Canada|date=2009-03-10|url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_crc_117|access-date=2009-06-22}} Pleistocene (1.6 to 0.01 million years ago){{cite web|title=Kawdy Mountain|work=Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes|publisher=Geological Survey of Canada|date=2009-03-10|url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_kmt_055|access-date=2009-06-22}} and Holocene (0.01 million years ago to present).{{cite web|title=Hoodoo Mountain|work=Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes|publisher=Geological Survey of Canada|date=2009-03-10|url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/cat/volcano_e.php?id=svb_hoo_132|access-date=2009-06-22}}

The northernmost portion of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province extends just across the Alaska-Yukon border into the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area of eastcentral Alaska. Here, a single cinder cone, dated at 177,000 years old occurs within the metamorphic and granitic composed upland of the Yukon–Tanana terrane.{{cite web|title=Map of Canadian volcanoes |work=Volcanoes of Canada |publisher=Geological Survey of Canada |date=2008-02-13 |url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/map/index_e.php |access-date=2009-06-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060714204038/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/volcanoes/map/index_e.php |archive-date=2006-07-14 }} Prindle Volcano is approximately {{convert|31|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} west of the Alaska-Yukon border.

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File:Alligator Lake.jpg (right-middle) and the Alligator Lake volcanic field]]

The central portion of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province extends through Yukon where very few Northern Cordilleran volcanoes exist. Near the junction of the Yukon and Pelly rivers in central Yukon lies the Fort Selkirk Volcanic Field.{{cite web|work=Global Volcanism Program|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/region.cfm?rnum=1200-01-|title=Fort Selkirk|access-date=2009-06-24}} It is the northernmost Holocene age volcanic field in Canada, consisting of a sequence of valley-filling basalt and basanite lava flows. Further south near the capital city of Whitehorse, a group of volcanoes and lava flows were constructed near Alligator Lake possibly in the past 10,000 years.{{cite web|work=Global Volcanism Program|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/region.cfm?rnum=1200-02-|title=Alligator Lake|access-date=2009-06-24}}

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Over half of the Northern Cordilleran volcanoes are located in northwestern British Columbia. This portion is where the most recent eruptions in Canada and of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province have occurred, including the catastrophic 18th century eruption of Tseax Cone and the 1904 eruption of The Volcano.{{cite web|work=Global Volcanism Program|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/region.cfm?rnum=1200-19-|title=Tseax River Cone|access-date=2009-06-24}}

The Northern Cordilleran volcanoes of British Columbia comprises shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes, subglacial volcanoes, lava domes and a large number of small cinder cones and associated lava plains. The Northern Cordilleran volcanoes of northwestern British Columbia are disposed along short, northerly trending segments which are unmistakably involved with north-trending rift structures including synvolcanic grabens and grabens with one major fault line along only one of the boundaries (half-grabens) similar to those associated with the East African Rift, which extends from the Afar triple junction southward across eastern Africa.

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File:Mount Edziza northwest.jpg|alt=A large open mountain covered with ice and snow rising over the surrounding landscape.|Northwestern flank of Mount Edziza

File:Heart Peaks and Level Mountain.jpg|alt=Landscape of a flat plain with two groups of mountains.|Satellite image of Level Mountain (middle) and Heart Peaks (upper-left corner)

File:Eve Cone.jpg|alt=An open cone-shaped mountain rising above a plateau with a glaciated mountain towering in the background.|Eve Cone lying in the Desolation Lava Field

File:Level Mountain valley.jpg|alt=Landscape of a mountain range.|Level Mountain with extensive elevated plateau in the foreground

File:North side hoodoo mountain.jpg|alt=Rock exposed near glacial ice.|Hoodoo Glacier and lava flows on the flanks of Hoodoo Mountain

File:Nass Valley Lava Beds.jpg|alt=Open area of lava beds right by a road.|Nass valley lava beds formed by eruptions of the Tseax Cone

File:Lava flow at the Lava Lakes, British Columbia, Canada.jpg|alt=A valley filled with rugged rock in a mountainous area.|Recently extruded basaltic lava at the Blue River

• List of volcanoes in the United States
• List of volcanoes in Canada
• List of Cascade volcanoes
• Volcanism of Canada
• Volcanism of Northern Canada
• Volcanism of Western Canada

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• [http://cgc.rncan.gc.ca/volcanoes/index_e.php Volcanoes of Canada]
• [http://cgc.rncan.gc.ca/volcanoes/map/map_e.php?id=svb Map of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province]

{{Northern Cordilleran volcanoes}}

*List

Northern Cordilleran

Northern Cordilleran volcanoes

Category:Cenozoic geology of North America

Northern Cordilleran volcanoes

Northern Cordilleran volcanoes

Northern Cordilleran volcanoes