List of invasions and occupations of Ukraine

! width=15%|Conflict

! width=15%|Invasion

! width=15%|Attacking force(s)

! width=10%|Year

! Details

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|Crimean Khanate

|1450–1769

|According to Ukrainian-Canadian historian Orest Subtelny, "from 1450 to 1586, eighty-six raids were recorded, and from 1600 to 1647, seventy. Although estimates of the number of captives taken in a single raid reached as high as 30,000, the average figure was closer to 3000...In Podilia alone, about one-third of all the villages were devastated or abandoned between 1578 and 1583."{{Cite book |last=Subtelny |first=Orest |url=https://archive.org/details/ukrainehistory00subt_0 |title=Ukraine: A History |publisher=University of Toronto Press |year=1988 |isbn=978-1-4426-8282-5 |edition=3 |location=Toronto |oclc=288146960 |author-link=Orest Subtelny}}{{Rp|105-106}} In 1769, the last major Tatar raid, which took place during the Russo-Turkish War, saw the capture of 20,000 slaves.{{cite journal |first=Mikhail|last=Kizilov|title= Slave Trade in the Early Modern Crimea From the Perspective of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish Sources |url= https://www.academia.edu/2971600 |journal= Oxford University|year=2007|volume=11|issue=1|pages= 2–7}}

|Battle of Konotop (1659)

|data-sort-value="Russia, Tsardom of"| {{flag|Tsardom of Russia}}

|1659

|Ukrainian Cossacks led by Ivan Vyhovsky repelled an invasion by the Russian Tsardom at Konotop.{{rp|page=144}}

|First Soviet invasion of Ukraine
Battle of Kruty
Battle of Kiev (1918)

|{{flag|Russian SFSR|1918}}

|rowspan=2|1918

|Initial fighting in the war (Ukrainian–Soviet War) lasted from January to June 1918, ending with the Central Powers' intervention.{{rp|pages=350, 403}}

|{{flag|German Empire|name=Germany}}
{{flag|Austria-Hungary}}

| Imperial German and Austro-Hungarian forces entered Ukraine to push out Bolshevik forces, as part of an agreement with the Ukrainian People's Republic.{{rp|pages=351, 357}}

Occupation: Ukrainian State (1918), a German-installed government of much of Ukraine.

|{{Flag|French Third Republic|name=France}}
{{flag|Kingdom of Greece|name=Greece}}
{{flag|Kingdom of Romania|name=Romania}}

|1918–1919

|Failure: Allies evacuate

|{{Flag|Poland|name=Poland}}

|1918–1919

|Polish victory: Galicia Became Polish Ukraine defeat https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Ukrainian_War

|{{flag|Russian SFSR|1918}}

|rowspan=2|1919

|A full-scale invasion began in January 1919.{{rp|page=361}} Ended with the invasion by the White Army.

|{{flagdeco|Russia}} South Russia

|White Army captures Donbas, Kharkiv, Odesa, Kyiv. Ended with the invasion by the Red Army.

|{{flag|Russian SFSR|1918}}

|1919–1920

|Red Army captures Kharkiv, Kyiv, Donbas and Odesa.

|Hungarian invasion of Carpatho-Ukraine

|{{flag|Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)|name=Hungary}}

| rowspan=2 | 1939

|The Kingdom of Hungary occupied and annexed the just-proclaimed Carpatho-Ukraine.

The Governorate of Subcarpathia (1939–1945) region included her former territory.

|{{flag|Soviet Union|1936}}

|The Soviet Union invaded Poland in September 1939, extending into Western Ukraine.{{rp|page=454}}

Occupation: After the Soviet annexation of Eastern Galicia and Volhynia, the Soviet Union occupied Western Ukraine until it fell to Nazi Germany in November 1941. They retook the land in 1944.{{Cite book |last=Magocsi |first=Paul R. |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofukraine00mago |title=A History of Ukraine |publisher=University of Toronto Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-1-4426-7037-2 |oclc=244764615}}{{rp|page=625}}

|data-sort-value="Germany, Nazi"|{{flag|Nazi Germany|name=Germany}}

{{flag|Kingdom of Romania|name=Romania}}

|1941

|Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union, including Ukraine,{{rp|pages=453, 460}} in June 1941 with assistance from allied Romania.{{Cite book |last=Solonari |first=Vladimir |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1083701372 |title=A Satellite Empire: Romanian Rule in Southwestern Ukraine, 1941-1944. |date=2019 |isbn=978-1-5017-4319-1 |location=Ithaca, New York |oclc=1083701372}} By November they controlled almost all of what had been Soviet Ukraine, including the portion annexed in 1939.{{rp|page=624}}

Occupations:

• Reichskommissariat Ukraine (1941–1944), the German occupation of most of the country.{{rp|pages=468}}
• Transnistria Governorate (1941–1944), the Romanian occupation of Transnistria.

|Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

|rowspan=3|{{flag|Russia}}

|2014

|Russia invaded and subsequently annexed Crimea, then administered by Ukraine as the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, during February–March 2014,{{Cite book |last=DeBenedictis |first=Kent |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1238134016 |title=Russian 'hybrid warfare' and the annexation of Crimea : the modern application of Soviet political warfare |date=2021 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-7556-4002-7 |location=London |pages=1 |oclc=1238134016}}{{Cite web |last=Pifer |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Pifer |date=2019-03-18 |title=Five years after Crimea's illegal annexation, the issue is no closer to resolution |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2019/03/18/five-years-after-crimeas-illegal-annexation-the-issue-is-no-closer-to-resolution/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=Brookings Institution |language=en-US}} and also took control of part of the village of Strilkove in neighboring Kherson Oblast.{{Cite book |last1=Kofman |first1=Michael |url=https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR1400/RR1498/RAND_RR1498.pdf |title=Lessons from Russia's Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine. |last2=Migacheva |first2=Katya |last3=Nichiporuk |first3=Brian |last4=Radin |first4=Andrew |last5=Tkacheva |first5=Olesya |last6=Oberholtzer |first6=Jenny |date=2017 |publisher=RAND Corporation |isbn=978-0-8330-9617-3 |location=Santa Monica |oclc=990544142}}

Occupation: The Republic of Crimea and federal city of Sevastopol (2014–present), claimed by Russia as federal subjects and considered an occupation by the government of Ukraine (as part of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine) and by the United Nations.{{Cite news |date=2016-03-20 |title='Няша' Поклонська обіцяє бійцям 'Беркута' покарати учасників Майдану |language=uk |trans-title="Nasha" Poklonsky promises to the "Berkut" fighters to punish the participants of the Maidan |work=Segodnya |url=https://www.segodnya.ua/ua/regions/krym/nyasha-poklonskaya-obeshchaet-boycam-berkuta-nakazat-uchastnikov-maydana-700800.html |access-date=2022-02-26}}{{Cite web |last=United Nations |author-link=United Nations |title=71/205. Situation of human rights in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine) |url=https://undocs.org/es/A/RES/71/205 |access-date=2022-02-26 |website=undocs.org}}

|2014–2022

|After a commencement of hostilities in April 2014, Russian forces invaded the Donbas region of Ukraine in August of that year.{{Cite book |last=Snyder |first=Timothy |title=The road to unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America |date=3 April 2018 |isbn=978-0-525-57446-0 |edition=First |location=New York, NY |page=191 |oclc=1029484935}} A report released by the Royal United Services Institute in March 2015 said that "the presence of large numbers of Russian troops on Ukrainian sovereign territory" became a "permanent feature" of the war following the invasion,{{Cite web |last=Igor Sutyagin |date=March 2015 |title=Briefing Paper: Russian Forces in Ukraine |url=https://www.rusi.org/downloads/assets/201503_BP_Russian_Forces_in_Ukraine_FINAL.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508220714/https://www.rusi.org/downloads/assets/201503_BP_Russian_Forces_in_Ukraine_FINAL.pdf |archive-date=8 May 2015 |url-status=dead |access-date=11 March 2015 |publisher=Royal United Services Institute}} with regular Russian and Ukrainian forces coming into direct conflict at the Battle of Ilovaisk{{cite web|author=Tim Judah|url=http://www.nybooks.com/daily/2014/09/05/ukraine-catastrophic-defeat/|title=Ukraine: A Catastrophic Defeat|work=The New York Review of Books|date=5 September 2014|access-date=31 March 2022}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.kyivpost.com/thousands-russian-soldiers-fought-ilovaisk-around-hundred-killed|title=Thousands of Russian soldiers fought at Ilovaisk, around a hundred were killed|work=KyivPost|access-date=31 March 2022|language=en-US}} and likely the Battle of Debaltseve.{{Cite journal|author=Ivan Katchanovski|title=The Separatist War in Donbas: A Violent Break-up of Ukraine?|url=https://www.academia.edu/23620643|journal=European Politics and Society|year=2016|language=en|volume=17|issue=4|page=473|doi=10.1080/23745118.2016.1154131|s2cid=155890093 }} Low-intensity fighting continued through 2022, despite the declaration of numerous ceasefires.

Occupation: The Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic (2014–2022) were breakaway states in eastern Ukraine that were supported by Russia.

|2022–present

|Russia began a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022.{{Cite web |date=2022-02-24 |title=Ukraine conflict: Russian forces invade after Putin TV declaration |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60503037 |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}

Occupation: Russia occupied over 25% of Ukrainian territory before being pushed back in counteroffensives. Russia unilaterally declared that the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts were annexed into the Russian Federation (2022–present).